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At 6:15 you state they called splitting the atom fusion when it should be fission. Not often I catch mistakes, so I'm not being critical. But it is a mistake none the same.
It's not just that humans have large complex brains it's also that other aspects of our physiology and sociology synergized with that capacity for higher intelligence in order to produce tools and eventually technological civilizations. The physiology I'm alluding to includes our opposable thumbs of course but also something as mundane as our upright posture that freed up those opposable thumbs for tool use. Another often over looked physiological trait that synergized with our higher intelligence is our unique vocal chord architecture which enabled a wide range of vocalizations that eventually got honed into the complex brand of communication we call language. With language came the accumulation of generational knowledge but all of this would be moot if humans weren't obsessively driven to innovate upon old knowledge and didn't possess the ability to value abstract concepts like learning new things. Learning not just for immediate survival purposes but also because we simply became addicted to learning more and then asking new questions as it was and still is the only way to satiate our unusually high curiosity about reality, our desire to improve ourselves and to manipulate the environment around us to ever better serve our interests.
I was thinking similar It's kind of a limiting factor irrespective of other influences Apes needed the appendages for climbing and that allowed flexibility I think even without opposable thumbs - fingers alone can make stone tools I'm also immediately interested if humans could make some tools for dolphins like a mech suit or the tools they use in nuclear chemistry booths
@@ArchDudeify I agree that we could probably uplift dolphins with artificial mech appendages because even compared to nonhuman great apes I think its dolphins that have the type of human level curiosity and drive to not just pull it off but actually play around with things and slowly innovate. Dolphins are also great at passing down knowledge because they likely already have a rudimentary language and culture. However I frankly think even though most people don't give them credit because its a different type of emergent intelligent society the actual closest thing to human civilization on this planet are the ancient and massive societies of eusocial insects like ants and bees. They have language, higher farming and complex problem solving abilities as a colony where they often use their own bodies as tools. Weaver ants are particularly fascinating to me because of their unique behavior of using their larvae as living glue guns to construct leaf nests. It's the type of behavioral trait imo thats flexible enough to innovate upon on evolutionary timescales to produce other complex technological outcomes where ants start constructing all types of tools/constructs with those glues guns the day they realize they can glue together other materials. I can imagine them creating traps similar to spider webs, construct packaging to store food longer, connect leaves to channel/store water(rudimentary plumbing) and so on just imagine all things we use silk/textiles to do. Another interesting behavior I've noticed from less intelligent and capable organisms that could lead to something as abstract as nonhuman art are some of the unique behaviors emergent from and driven by mating/courtship rituals which is a strong evolutionary forcing mechanism. An example is a species of fish where the males constructs these ornate sand structures and compete to attract a mate. With these guys I feel like it can be said they've convergently evolved an eye for art entirely for mating purposes but it's not hard to imagine one day a population of those fish could encounter a mutation that makes them starting building these structures as just playful inconsequential art projects or for other social purposes like warning signs, signifiers of status or even eventually a form of language similar to hieroglyphs. Emergence principle and the capacity for synergy enables vast opportunities for complexity to build on itself over time. I apologize for the rambling wall of words but I really do think it's not just these emergent behaviors and traits that make humans special but it's instead our possession of a multiple of these traits and more importantly our ability synergize them into something much bigger than the sum of its parts would suggest.
Also for physiology, Humans have arguably the best endurance for any land based animal in the world. That’s very important for keeping civilizations and labor intensive things such as agriculture going.
Plus the fact that didn’t he say that one of the factors that made humans tool users was our hands? Whales and dolphins clearly don’t have that advantage. So complex tool use is out.
Well technically we're all fish if you go back far enough lol. Tho I do wonder if it possible for an aquatic animal to dominate the planet like humans. There are materials that are impervious to water or even strengthened by sea water. Maybe their machines would involve using air or pressure. I feel like there's a chance for any social animal that can use simple tools.
@@t_ylr If they could get off the ground, it's certainly possible. The problem is that forging metal is a high-temperature process and therefore significantly harder to do underwater: not only does the lack of air mean no fire to power the forge, it also means a lack of protection from the heat of the forge. So while a cephalopodian civilization could easily reach the stone age, it's hard to imagine it reaching the bronze age, let alone the iron age.
I often find myself fantasizing about alien planets and species, and most of the time I picture them as humanoid but different species or clade or something. Canine humanoids, reptilian humanoids, etc. I try to imagine how they’d evolve to walk upright and utilize their environment and build societies. Then I’d try to imagine what livestock they’d keep, what Gods they’d worship, what goods they would trade locally/globally/interplanetary. As long as I still have you here, I’d like to propose that we follow Futurama’s idea and call ourselves Earthicans.
@@wnwkrodb3b having several tentacles serves the same purpose of finger on hands. The problem now for octopi would be to develop complex networks of relationships (that aren't necessarily familial or reproductive) and find some ways to do science under water 😕. Other than that they are very smart. The smartest invertebrates known on earth for that matter.
I've heard that another possible reason is that we learned to cook and could extract way more nutritional value from any food, especially meat, and that went right into developing our brains.
No it's the ability to cooperate flexibly in large quantities of individuals. It's because we can believe in fictions. Listen to Yuval Noah Harari's TED talk from 2015.
+ documentation , curiousity , problem solving . It's hard to know what set our ancient ancestors apart from the rest of earth's fuana because as we get more technologially advance we become more complex
@@MrChickennugget360Exactly. Speech, cooperation, ability, and environment. Even if humans could talk, work together, and use tools, how far can all that go if the earth was devoid of seeds for farming, metals for forging, etc.?
As a reptile owner, the idea of reptiles taking over the world is funny in the sense that they need *so* much stuff to live. Like, I imagine reptile restaurants would be filled with bright UVB and heat lamps to stimulate appetite and assist digestion, while more relaxed places like a library would be very very cold.
It does raise an interesting question of if reptiles had evolved to be as dominant as humans are and be able to manipulate the world around them to suit their needs, what the world would look like then. Entire countries of artificial rainforests? Giant bug farms? Housing complexes separated into the needs of rainforest, desert or temperate species? Idk I think it's a fun thought experiment
Intelligence is such an efficient evolutionary path. You no longer need claws, speed, jaws, horns, fur, muscles. Just, ingenuity. Hard to believe it's not happened before, right here on Earth.
I’ve not got any sources or anything to back this up but I remember hearing human brains use a ton of energy and therefore obviously do have downsides then of course babies heads are too big for women’s pelvises unlike most species
It is also an expensive path. Big brains are big energy drains. You have to be able to consistently find enough food to survive to make it worth it, and you need to do so better than your dumber competition. If there weren't drawbacks, we'd likely see higher intelligence all over the place. We see many different strategies convergently evolve across wildly different lineages, like flying in mammals, reptiles, and insects. Being highly intelligent allows us to reshape the environment and utilize its resources efficiently, but there's an intermediate stage on that path, where you have energy demanding brains but aren't intelligent enough to command mastery over your environment. I'd wager a LOT more luck was involved than we would be comfortable accepting.
The atom was split in 1932 by New Zealander Ernest Rutherford and his team not whoever this video said. He pioneered a lot of things in nuclear physics.
When you think about how long the dinosaurs’ reign existed, it’s amazing how the circumstances came to be to allow us to evolve into intelligent (relative) life.
I'm a blacksmith and at 6.22 you can see the exact same model of forge that I have in the background, a cast iron Alldays and Onions 4 foot square forge.
Suffice to say if intelligent life was out there in the universe, like the scifi spacefaring kind, it's a prerequisite for that alien species to have: 1 - naturally long and social lives (to rear offspring and pass down knowledge for survival) 2 - have at least a pair of appendages that can finely grip and manipulate its environment (like arms and hands) 3 - locomotion that's separate from the appendages that do all the manipulating (enter: bipedalism) It has to be these 3 traits combined to get something like humans. Be limited to 2 outta 3, and you'd only get something like elephants, dolphins, the other apes, octopodes, and corvids.
Being social is not enough, it needs to be a _complex_ social structure. Bipedalism also is unnecessary - crows are able to manufacture tools with only their beaks(no, not the "pick up a stick from the ground and poke anthill with it" tool use like apes, honest manufacturing of things like hooks, that they carry around), and alien species might have more than four limbs anyway. I'd also added a requirement of being omnivores. That large brain needs large amount of energy, and you need to be able to obtain it from a large amount of sources in order to have "free time" to exercise that big brain of yours for purposes other than "get more food"
I think there's a 4th prerequisite, it had to evolve in a time and place where the climate was changing, slow enough for them to still be able to evolve, but not so slowly that they can overspecialize into a particular niche, adaptability to change itself needs to be a selective pressure.
0:08 Please, UA-cam Gods, I beg, feed me only this content🙏🏾 The simplicity of the title, the length of the video, and the thumbnail instantly made me click without so much as scrolling a smidge further than when this had popped up on my screen. I know that I made the right choice just from this first section alone. Much props to the creators of this video, and I look forward to the rest of the video
That was really good, thankyou. I've seen all of your episodes on all the channels, and this one is pretty damn interesting! Thank you for all your top shelf content.
I must say that the overall work of this production team reminds me way of teaching of the best teacher I've ever had . After him sometimes i corrected other teachers . . at class .
God is the genius Creator behind such complex life. Our human intelligence can't even come close to the technology that God created. All glory to Him for His love and mercy to us shown on the Cross through Jesus' death despite man's rebellion.
@@timer570?? God also made the devil, and sin, and mental illness. Is all life and existence a play for his entertainment? There probably is a god, but not the psychopath that the bible describes
@apple-cv2xj I see what you're saying. God made everything -> there are bad things in the world -> God made bad things -> God is evil. I'll try to explain, so please keep an open mind, but let me know if you still object with the reasoning. God made us in His image to rule over the Earth. The first chapter of Genesis describes the perfect world that God created. We humans, however, decided to rebel against God and abandoned His moral standard of being holy and treating everyone with the highest form of love. We can attribute psychopathic behavior to each of us because we broke God's law, which is the ten commandmets in pursuit of selfishness. God proved His love for us by revealing Himself through Jesus and dying the death that we all deserve so that anyone who repents of their sins and puts faith in His finished work will have everlasing life in the restored universe when Jesus returns. God is not entertained by humanity's stupidity and hatred towards each other. He paid an incredibly high price for the salvation of every human being, including you, my friend. I tried keeping it as consise as I could, but I will say again, if you want to object and challenge my faith, feel free because we expand our understanding by going outside the comfort zone. I hope that you're having a good day/night.
It’s amazing that an unquestionable force of mass extinction like the human race hasn’t wiped itself out yet, as well. Of course, that could change at any time in literally the space of a few minutes.
I was just having this conversation with my sister about how when you're a kid you can climb and swing from monkey bars and basically hold your body weight. However as you be home an adult it takes muscle in it is difficult to do. Just like the younger version of the early humans that you spoke of that stayed in the trees. We're not exactly able to live in a tree as a child but our climbing and hanging skills were naturally much better than an adult.
You forgot another animal with potential that has changed dramatically in behavior from its cousins...the dog. Speeding up their evolution is the amount of time they spend with us, learning from us. The evolved dog may not be capable of making tools, but they won't have to. The bond between dog and us apes is strong; we accept their limitations and will build our machines to accommodate. When a dog barks at a stranger that is obviously minding their own business and not a threat, the evolved dog will better understand why the stranger is not a threat and not bark. The future dog will be more empathetic to their human hosts. And language...they will be able to understand more of what we are saying. My dog knows about 20 words, future dog will understand and act on many more. The fangs on dogs will become smaller. Snouts become shorter. They will live longer than 20 years. The characteristics of the dog that excites us humans, will be exaggerated. Larger craniums and eyes. This is my prediction, but only if humans don't kill everything in a nuclear exchange.
Dogs suffer from genetical cancer as an artificial species. Their future is anxious. The farther from wolf, the worse. I suppose huskies or german shepherds are the future for dogs.
so in summary, we developed intelligence because for us it just so happened to be the path of least resistance. While other animals were rewarded by investing in defence and being sedentary, while others were rewarded for developing deadly poisons, or incredibly sharp fangs and well-defined musculature to hunt, we just so happened to be the one case, where developing intelligence in order to fortify our social structures and develop superior tools, was the best course of action... I'm not a religious man, at most I believe that there may be a God, but that if they exist they're not any God that we worship on this planet, and it'd be a waste of my time and energy to try and figure out if they exist or not, however: seeing things like these with astronomically low odds, still taking place anyway in just the right way for me to eventually come into existence and write this comment? It's surreal, this universe we live in really is a miracle, it truly makes you wonder if there IS some guiding hand behind it all
Dolphins and Elephants absolutely have the potential to catch up to and surpass us in the future, the biggest main issues being their communication and physical grasping potentials. With proper levels of communication, dolphins for example could use their mouths as "early" hands and two dolphins together could coordinate and fashion tools in such a way that would eventually lead to underwater empires. Elephants could potentially do the same thing, espectially African elephants with their "two fingers" on each trunk helping tremendously. And then there would be wars between them and the Asian elephants because the "ones with only one finger" would appear inferior and then some elephant president that wears a tall top hat and tells no lies will abolish the elephant slavery era.
@HistoryOfHumankind, @9:30, Sivopithecus is pronounced with a "sh," not a plain "s." It is named for the Indian deity, Siva, but the S is supposed to have a small swirl under it, to denote sh.
hey! todays humans are still arboreal if you let them be! I spent a lot of time tree climbing as a kid! but seriously, transitional arboreal childhood is a very interesting idea. I have been wondering about how non-human primate babies cling to their mother... but human babies need to be carried. Some how we transitioned from self attaching babies to artifically carried babies. If you look at indigenous people today, women carry their babies in slings while foraging. If a new mother had to carry a child with her arms... it's a huge disadvantage vs having a sling with the arms free. so seems like there ought to have been a phase where hominids were walking upright, but babies could still cling. This phase where they are still relatively climbing adapted seems like it fits that very nicely.
Just stumbled this video on my feed. Surprised to hear History of the Universe. Automatically subscribed, I know this channel would be awesome like the other one.
There are basic needs to be able to be able to replace us 1. The ability to grip items firmly 2. The ability to live on land 3. The ability to move around And the basics for them to be exactly like us: 1. Needs to be Bipedal 2. Needs to be just as good at conservation of bodily energy 3. Needs to just be able to just as dynamically move their arms
I came for a video not on why we made it, but why the reptiles didn't. If the asteroid had not hit and they had hundreds of millions more years, would they have? If not, why?
The dinosaurs already HAD a hundred and fifty million years on top. If they were gonna do it, they would have done it... probably. Also do remember that birds are dinosaurs and are among the smartest animal groups alive today. Mammals only really had 65 million years since the non-avian Dinosaurs went ka-boom.
If we accept that the way we live may not be the epitome of all life, then maybe we can be content with the realization that dinosaurs had reached their pinnacle. Using time as the metric, they were far more successful than we have been. Maybe if the asteroid had hit in a different area and the devastation was laid out differently, evolution might have created the same pressure that drove mammals to become the most dangerous animal to ever exist, could have driven reptiles to evolve tool use, language, and culture.
The develope ent of intelligence DID require it being social then we started measuring the intelligence of octopus. A very asocial animal. So much for that social requirement.
The answer is in complex language. Humans are able to communicate very complex ideas to each other, over multiple contexts. Even the deaf and blind are able to be a part of this exchange, it's truly defining. Once animals learn to do this, it's over. Imagine if an octopus, dolphin, and raven talk to control an army of apes and NY rats.
Nice video. Though simplifying / possibly misleading. Competing theory for our increasing brain size is not tool use, but more complex social structures. The advantage of that theory is that being better at cheating or spotting cheaters is IMMEDIATELY useful, whereas with tool use you need to invent that tool first before the capability to build it pays of. That is of course speculation, but certainly we are not empire builders. For the largest part of our history we did not and many extant civilizations still do not. That our societies reached that level of complexity is as much an evolutionary accident as us having hands.
Corrections: 1. Pleisadapis is basal to the aye-aye, multituberculates and rodents, not primates. Notharctus is basal to primates. 2. Australopithecus was an ape, bipedal by convergence. 3. Our ancestors are derived from Sahelanthropus, Hylobates (extant gibbon), Oreopithecus, Ardipithecus, Homo floresiensis and the rest of this genus. Gibbons are already bipedal when terrestrial, so that problem does not have to be imagined. Gibbons fight with fists, not teeth. They appear as blondes, brunettes and redheads and they have eyebrows. The small nares open laterally to ventrally, not anteriorly as in 'Lucy' and apes. No buttock swelling during fertile periods. Singing (which leads to talking). Monogamy. Gracile body, small face. Long Achilles tendon. The list goes on. See PterosaurHeresies for links and cladograms.
Around 6:20 into the video they said so and so figured out how to split the atom and called it 'fusion" -- Wrong! Splitting the atom is "fission", not "fusion". Fusion is where the nuclei of two atoms are forced together to form a larger atom. An example of fusion is how our Sun, like most stars, "burn" hydrogen atoms to form helium (two hydrogen atoms fuse together to produce a helium atom and release a lot of energy that we see as sunlight and warmth from the Sun).
Why did you turn off the subtitles? I'm not very fluent in English, and this ended up making it difficult for me to understand, and I'm having to use Google Translate to write this comment, it would be really great if you could turn the subtitles back on. Edit: thx
It is rather amusing for humans to come from the point of view of, "Well, we got this far, so anyone else has to do things our way to get similarly far. I do appreciate the token mention you gave to ants, but I think there's far more that you could have said. For instance, ants developed very impressive technologies long before humans. Technologies such as farming, animal husbandry, civil engineering techniques. They demonstrate large scale society, communication, teaching, and task specialization. They have tactical warfare, which enforces additional developmental constraints upon them. They are capable of manipulation of their environment to a scale only matched by humans. If it wasn't humans getting lucky enough for evolution to drive the tools necessary for arbitrary technology, it would have been ants. Behind ants on the list of 'alternate animal clades that could develop arbitrary technology', I would definitely rank the Corvids next. I feel like while you spoke about their tool-usage, one key feature you could have mentioned is their societies. Corvid society demonstrates a lot of the features needed to push development of brainpower and technology. Corvids have also shown the ability to manipulate others into performing tasks they want done, even other species.
Excellent point. We all carry a bias as all our information regarding biology comes from one sample. We must be open to, and use, our imagination. Who knows? Maybe bipedal tool users with complex language and society is the ONLY way to become technologically advanced. But then again, we dont know enough to state that as fact. And even if that is the case, whats to stop insects from developing into a quad ped with 2 sets of arms and hands with a hive mind for information sharing. God helps us, lets hope ants dont develop hands!
@christopherlane5238 Ants don't need hands. Their mandibles are as capable as anything at grasping, cutting, pretty much anything they require. They're all-in-one tools just like human hands.
@@pokecuz Its more likely that we are going to exterminate a few more species before we get our collective shit together. A war vs roaches is more realistic. And we would still win. Everyone uses our tool use, social skills, and language as as a list of super powers that allowed us to become masters of the world. But what is often left off the list of "Things that make us kings of the world" is violence. We are very comfortable with killing and worse. I would be interested to know if our kind of bloodlust is a side-effect of natural and self-made pressures, of if that is a pre-requisite to become the dominant life on a planet and is a universal constant.
Duck don't love rocks the way humans do. Humans must carry small rectangular objects consisting of plastic, copper, lithium, silicon, germanium, tantalum and cobalt everywhere we go or we feel lost and adrift.
Nonsense. Science requires proof. Religion requires faith. You can believe whatever you want, nobody is stopping you. But this is a scientific forum, thank you for keeping your proselytising to yourself. Its not always welcome, and can be rude.
History, would you be able to make a video series that is just your voice reading public domain history textbooks, with calming music over it. Bro, everytime an episode drops, I sleep like a baby. 😅😂
this video is really well made, and i appreciate the depth you brought to the topic. however, i can't help but wonder if the perspective presented is a bit narrow. it seems like some alternative viewpoints were overlooked that could've added even more richness to the discussion. what do you all think?
Get all sides to every story at ground.news/hoh and context into the narratives that shape current events and our history. Save 50% off unlimited access through my link.
At 6:15 you state they called splitting the atom fusion when it should be fission. Not often I catch mistakes, so I'm not being critical. But it is a mistake none the same.
Mice have large brain to body size . Bust still simple. And what about ants or roaches. Or rats or Party dogs
What about dinosaurs and there small brains I even noticed in cold blooded animals a larger body smaller brain printables
Just subscribed
hey! I watch these completely concious, I pause when I get sleepy bc I learn so much 🥰
I immediately clicked on this video based upon the thumbnail alone... a lizard wearing a hat... im glad it's from one of my favorite channels. lol
love this comment
I thought it was an ad for Hendricks gin 😂
samee i was like what an interesting thumbnail
I'm pretty sure it's a young Mitch McConnell.
The power of a thumbnail
I know a lot of people will have a good night of sleep
In the process..
A new episode is good for about 3 weeks of good sleeps before I need something else again.
Sure a shit about too, thank you Mr history 😘
Babe wake up, a new HoH video dropped and we can sleep through it.
Stoners @3am 🤣
this channel and The History of the Universe are the best channels on YT without question. amazing work mate.
There's a history channel about the daily experiences of past folks by the same folks
Don't forget their History of the Earth channel, too.
@@dfgdfg_what's it called?
Lol I would only add to that history of the earth. The Trifecta of best channels on youtube.
@dfgdfg_ Voices of the Past, the channel is called.
It's not just that humans have large complex brains it's also that other aspects of our physiology and sociology synergized with that capacity for higher intelligence in order to produce tools and eventually technological civilizations.
The physiology I'm alluding to includes our opposable thumbs of course but also something as mundane as our upright posture that freed up those opposable thumbs for tool use. Another often over looked physiological trait that synergized with our higher intelligence is our unique vocal chord architecture which enabled a wide range of vocalizations that eventually got honed into the complex brand of communication we call language.
With language came the accumulation of generational knowledge but all of this would be moot if humans weren't obsessively driven to innovate upon old knowledge and didn't possess the ability to value abstract concepts like learning new things. Learning not just for immediate survival purposes but also because we simply became addicted to learning more and then asking new questions as it was and still is the only way to satiate our unusually high curiosity about reality, our desire to improve ourselves and to manipulate the environment around us to ever better serve our interests.
I was thinking similar
It's kind of a limiting factor irrespective of other influences
Apes needed the appendages for climbing and that allowed flexibility
I think even without opposable thumbs - fingers alone can make stone tools
I'm also immediately interested if humans could make some tools for dolphins like a mech suit or the tools they use in nuclear chemistry booths
I love this comment
@@ArchDudeify I agree that we could probably uplift dolphins with artificial mech appendages because even compared to nonhuman great apes I think its dolphins that have the type of human level curiosity and drive to not just pull it off but actually play around with things and slowly innovate. Dolphins are also great at passing down knowledge because they likely already have a rudimentary language and culture.
However I frankly think even though most people don't give them credit because its a different type of emergent intelligent society the actual closest thing to human civilization on this planet are the ancient and massive societies of eusocial insects like ants and bees. They have language, higher farming and complex problem solving abilities as a colony where they often use their own bodies as tools.
Weaver ants are particularly fascinating to me because of their unique behavior of using their larvae as living glue guns to construct leaf nests. It's the type of behavioral trait imo thats flexible enough to innovate upon on evolutionary timescales to produce other complex technological outcomes where ants start constructing all types of tools/constructs with those glues guns the day they realize they can glue together other materials. I can imagine them creating traps similar to spider webs, construct packaging to store food longer, connect leaves to channel/store water(rudimentary plumbing) and so on just imagine all things we use silk/textiles to do.
Another interesting behavior I've noticed from less intelligent and capable organisms that could lead to something as abstract as nonhuman art are some of the unique behaviors emergent from and driven by mating/courtship rituals which is a strong evolutionary forcing mechanism. An example is a species of fish where the males constructs these ornate sand structures and compete to attract a mate. With these guys I feel like it can be said they've convergently evolved an eye for art entirely for mating purposes but it's not hard to imagine one day a population of those fish could encounter a mutation that makes them starting building these structures as just playful inconsequential art projects or for other social purposes like warning signs, signifiers of status or even eventually a form of language similar to hieroglyphs. Emergence principle and the capacity for synergy enables vast opportunities for complexity to build on itself over time.
I apologize for the rambling wall of words but I really do think it's not just these emergent behaviors and traits that make humans special but it's instead our possession of a multiple of these traits and more importantly our ability synergize them into something much bigger than the sum of its parts would suggest.
Also for physiology, Humans have arguably the best endurance for any land based animal in the world. That’s very important for keeping civilizations and labor intensive things such as agriculture going.
Not to be rude, but… the video literally says all of this.
Being underwater would put a huge dampener on usage of advanced tools because fire is kind of very important for modern technology to be developed.
Plus the fact that didn’t he say that one of the factors that made humans tool users was our hands? Whales and dolphins clearly don’t have that advantage. So complex tool use is out.
Electricity and space exploration would have been extremely tough as well
Well technically we're all fish if you go back far enough lol. Tho I do wonder if it possible for an aquatic animal to dominate the planet like humans. There are materials that are impervious to water or even strengthened by sea water. Maybe their machines would involve using air or pressure. I feel like there's a chance for any social animal that can use simple tools.
@@t_ylr If they could get off the ground, it's certainly possible. The problem is that forging metal is a high-temperature process and therefore significantly harder to do underwater: not only does the lack of air mean no fire to power the forge, it also means a lack of protection from the heat of the forge. So while a cephalopodian civilization could easily reach the stone age, it's hard to imagine it reaching the bronze age, let alone the iron age.
@@angrymokyuu9475maybe we’d use high pressures?
I often find myself fantasizing about alien planets and species, and most of the time I picture them as humanoid but different species or clade or something. Canine humanoids, reptilian humanoids, etc. I try to imagine how they’d evolve to walk upright and utilize their environment and build societies.
Then I’d try to imagine what livestock they’d keep, what Gods they’d worship, what goods they would trade locally/globally/interplanetary.
As long as I still have you here, I’d like to propose that we follow Futurama’s idea and call ourselves Earthicans.
Maybe humanoid is one of the few ways life can evolve past a certain point
Worked for us, why not for others?
@@wnwkrodb3b indeed. But I think another way for a build of an intelligent species may be tentacles, like the octopi 🦑🐙
@@ze_kangz932 they are already smart here on earth. Would the need opposable thumbs on those tentacles? Or is having several of those arms enough
@@wnwkrodb3b having several tentacles serves the same purpose of finger on hands. The problem now for octopi would be to develop complex networks of relationships (that aren't necessarily familial or reproductive) and find some ways to do science under water 😕. Other than that they are very smart. The smartest invertebrates known on earth for that matter.
Thanks!
I need bands too😮
I've heard that another possible reason is that we learned to cook and could extract way more nutritional value from any food, especially meat, and that went right into developing our brains.
Love you guys for uploading high quality content for free for everyone
I know it probably doesn’t matter but I just wanted to say that I had an orange today and it was reallllly good.
Did you eat the peel like a good primate?
You had an orange and now you dont have it? 😢
You lost it, gave to someone or ate it?
I like to imagine someone saw this comment while eating an orange and liked it, also Elon musk is trynna defund the irs
@@KCUFyoufordoxingme this weirdly turned me on
I was eating a mandarin if that counts 😂@@dominicconti2357
6:20 Splitting the Atom is Nuclear Fission, not Nuclear Fusion.
Thanks - missed that one - got it right the second time as well! Darn.
No, you're thinking of something else
Now you're just splitting atom... I mean hairs. 😊
🤓☝️
Nu-cue-Lar. It’s pronounced Nu-cue-lar.
Speech + Being able to pass on knowledge across generations.
Knowledge accumulates and improved up in an iterative sequence
No it's the ability to cooperate flexibly in large quantities of individuals. It's because we can believe in fictions. Listen to Yuval Noah Harari's TED talk from 2015.
+ documentation , curiousity , problem solving . It's hard to know what set our ancient ancestors apart from the rest of earth's fuana because as we get more technologially advance we become more complex
@@eSKAone- we had to develop speech the transfer of knowledge to be able to cooperate with eachother and believe in fiction
Dolphins have speech. last time i checked they had not been to the moon. (mabye one day we will take them there)
@@MrChickennugget360Exactly. Speech, cooperation, ability, and environment.
Even if humans could talk, work together, and use tools, how far can all that go if the earth was devoid of seeds for farming, metals for forging, etc.?
As a reptile owner, the idea of reptiles taking over the world is funny in the sense that they need *so* much stuff to live.
Like, I imagine reptile restaurants would be filled with bright UVB and heat lamps to stimulate appetite and assist digestion, while more relaxed places like a library would be very very cold.
Well humans need more to facilitate their survival on this planet than reptiles do
It does raise an interesting question of if reptiles had evolved to be as dominant as humans are and be able to manipulate the world around them to suit their needs, what the world would look like then. Entire countries of artificial rainforests? Giant bug farms? Housing complexes separated into the needs of rainforest, desert or temperate species? Idk I think it's a fun thought experiment
As the lizard that was on the moon myself, thanks for your sincere appretiation of my persona.
As a fellow lizard, I thank you for your service, my dear sir!
Why 60HZ
Why: „Why 60Hz?“ ???
Some humans discovered our secret technique to control their mind using frequencies, my favourite one is 60HZ obviously 🙄
@@60hzReptilianAlien nice
Let's all take a moment to appreciate that this narrator is across multiple channels and the bro hasn't exploded from stress yet ( i hope
He's very good, I have to admit it.
It’s beautiful that I watched this video while crocheting, which is something that requires specific tool manipulation and fine motor coordination
Hope you find it soon 😌
@ whoops, fixed the typo
Man, your channel is such a gem!!
I really love all his >history of< channels. Thank you so much, I love learning, and having this available for free makes things so much easier
Thanks again for those documentaries and their high quality !
The sleepers are asleep. Time for weirdos who come here to actually learn to take patrol!
Hear hear !
Hear 💀
Right here💀🤙
You guys imo are the best. One of the few times i get excited about a notification about a new video.
Man, the quality of your videos👌🏼… great piece as always.
Intelligence is such an efficient evolutionary path. You no longer need claws, speed, jaws, horns, fur, muscles. Just, ingenuity. Hard to believe it's not happened before, right here on Earth.
I’ve not got any sources or anything to back this up but I remember hearing human brains use a ton of energy and therefore obviously do have downsides then of course babies heads are too big for women’s pelvises unlike most species
It is also an expensive path. Big brains are big energy drains. You have to be able to consistently find enough food to survive to make it worth it, and you need to do so better than your dumber competition.
If there weren't drawbacks, we'd likely see higher intelligence all over the place.
We see many different strategies convergently evolve across wildly different lineages, like flying in mammals, reptiles, and insects.
Being highly intelligent allows us to reshape the environment and utilize its resources efficiently, but there's an intermediate stage on that path, where you have energy demanding brains but aren't intelligent enough to command mastery over your environment.
I'd wager a LOT more luck was involved than we would be comfortable accepting.
@@ayybe7894 We DO see intelligence all over the place.
The quality of all 3 channels...,EPIC!
Dudes in the first savanna’s had so many challengers they HAD to evolve to problem solve and make tools to help 😮💨gotta respect the drive
savanna's what?
Greatest video title, and thumbnail synchronization ever.
The atom was split in 1932 by New Zealander Ernest Rutherford and his team not whoever this video said. He pioneered a lot of things in nuclear physics.
Yup, who stole all the silver wire?,
When you think about how long the dinosaurs’ reign existed, it’s amazing how the circumstances came to be to allow us to evolve into intelligent (relative) life.
I'm a blacksmith and at 6.22 you can see the exact same model of forge that I have in the background, a cast iron Alldays and Onions 4 foot square forge.
Suffice to say if intelligent life was out there in the universe, like the scifi spacefaring kind, it's a prerequisite for that alien species to have:
1 - naturally long and social lives (to rear offspring and pass down knowledge for survival)
2 - have at least a pair of appendages that can finely grip and manipulate its environment (like arms and hands)
3 - locomotion that's separate from the appendages that do all the manipulating (enter: bipedalism)
It has to be these 3 traits combined to get something like humans. Be limited to 2 outta 3, and you'd only get something like elephants, dolphins, the other apes, octopodes, and corvids.
Being social is not enough, it needs to be a _complex_ social structure. Bipedalism also is unnecessary - crows are able to manufacture tools with only their beaks(no, not the "pick up a stick from the ground and poke anthill with it" tool use like apes, honest manufacturing of things like hooks, that they carry around), and alien species might have more than four limbs anyway.
I'd also added a requirement of being omnivores. That large brain needs large amount of energy, and you need to be able to obtain it from a large amount of sources in order to have "free time" to exercise that big brain of yours for purposes other than "get more food"
The idea is more generally that they don’t need their beaks to move around. But for the record crows are bipedal
I think there's a 4th prerequisite, it had to evolve in a time and place where the climate was changing, slow enough for them to still be able to evolve, but not so slowly that they can overspecialize into a particular niche, adaptability to change itself needs to be a selective pressure.
I know the writers put in all the heavy lifting, but darn if the narrator doesn't bring the gravitas 🌟
Prob AI
@@ayomidebraimoh9472nah it’s a guy, he’s been in videos for years
@@pigeonsareuglyYup there are actually 2 brothers and they have a couple of channels here on UA-cam and they do all the narrations.
@@merlebarney it's voices of the past right?
@@praxis6172 Yup and History of the Universe as well I believe.
I suggest that the "art of play" is a strong impetus for certain apt species and may spawn development of abstract thought patterns.
Oh boy, this night we sleepin’
0:08 Please, UA-cam Gods, I beg, feed me only this content🙏🏾 The simplicity of the title, the length of the video, and the thumbnail instantly made me click without so much as scrolling a smidge further than when this had popped up on my screen. I know that I made the right choice just from this first section alone. Much props to the creators of this video, and I look forward to the rest of the video
That was really good, thankyou.
I've seen all of your episodes on all the channels, and this one is pretty damn interesting! Thank you for all your top shelf content.
I must say that the overall work of this production team reminds me way of teaching of the best teacher I've ever had .
After him sometimes i corrected other teachers . . at class .
The fact we can get content this good for free is insane. There are documentaries on cable TV with a worse production value.
Why you never talk about otters and beavers? Beavers literally build homes and otters have complex behaviours when their numbers are high enough.
I'd imagine the beavers' ability to build homes is not too different from, let's say, birds building nests.
@gnrlwst8960 they literally cutt down trees and make rather complicated homes as well.
God is the genius Creator behind such complex life. Our human intelligence can't even come close to the technology that God created. All glory to Him for His love and mercy to us shown on the Cross through Jesus' death despite man's rebellion.
@@timer570??
God also made the devil, and sin, and mental illness. Is all life and existence a play for his entertainment? There probably is a god, but not the psychopath that the bible describes
@apple-cv2xj I see what you're saying. God made everything -> there are bad things in the world -> God made bad things -> God is evil. I'll try to explain, so please keep an open mind, but let me know if you still object with the reasoning. God made us in His image to rule over the Earth. The first chapter of Genesis describes the perfect world that God created. We humans, however, decided to rebel against God and abandoned His moral standard of being holy and treating everyone with the highest form of love. We can attribute psychopathic behavior to each of us because we broke God's law, which is the ten commandmets in pursuit of selfishness. God proved His love for us by revealing Himself through Jesus and dying the death that we all deserve so that anyone who repents of their sins and puts faith in His finished work will have everlasing life in the restored universe when Jesus returns. God is not entertained by humanity's stupidity and hatred towards each other. He paid an incredibly high price for the salvation of every human being, including you, my friend. I tried keeping it as consise as I could, but I will say again, if you want to object and challenge my faith, feel free because we expand our understanding by going outside the comfort zone. I hope that you're having a good day/night.
Ngl love watching ur channels, helps me sleep
It’s amazing that an unquestionable force of mass extinction like the human race hasn’t wiped itself out yet, as well. Of course, that could change at any time in literally the space of a few minutes.
Splitting an atom is called nuclear fission, not fusion.
Thanks!
@@vinniethepuuh7553, my pleasure.
That's what he said
@@billy-cg1qq, I must have heard it wrong then. Thanks for the clarification.
Love hour long videos on obscure questions little kid me would ask myself.
It is cause we are "German: 2:28 hetzjäger"... exhaustion hunter. Most average joe - healthy human can outrun a horse in distance!
I love watching these kind of videos while blazed. 🥴🍃 This is my most favorite channel! 🤩
Bird up brother. 🔥
Same
Wait til you find out him and his bro have many other channels 🤯
I call it higher learning 😅
@@CrestedSaguaro520
History of Human Kind
History of the Universe
History of the Earth
Voices of the Past
History Time
😎
30 seconds in already blown away so well spoken thank you 🙏
I was just having this conversation with my sister about how when you're a kid you can climb and swing from monkey bars and basically hold your body weight. However as you be home an adult it takes muscle in it is difficult to do.
Just like the younger version of the early humans that you spoke of that stayed in the trees. We're not exactly able to live in a tree as a child but our climbing and hanging skills were naturally much better than an adult.
As a lizard person myself, I reject the premise of this line of reasoning.
You forgot another animal with potential that has changed dramatically in behavior from its cousins...the dog. Speeding up their evolution is the amount of time they spend with us, learning from us. The evolved dog may not be capable of making tools, but they won't have to. The bond between dog and us apes is strong; we accept their limitations and will build our machines to accommodate. When a dog barks at a stranger that is obviously minding their own business and not a threat, the evolved dog will better understand why the stranger is not a threat and not bark. The future dog will be more empathetic to their human hosts. And language...they will be able to understand more of what we are saying. My dog knows about 20 words, future dog will understand and act on many more. The fangs on dogs will become smaller. Snouts become shorter. They will live longer than 20 years. The characteristics of the dog that excites us humans, will be exaggerated. Larger craniums and eyes. This is my prediction, but only if humans don't kill everything in a nuclear exchange.
Even a full nuclear exchange would not kill us off as a species. We’d survive and rebuild in time.
Dogs suffer from genetical cancer as an artificial species. Their future is anxious. The farther from wolf, the worse. I suppose huskies or german shepherds are the future for dogs.
@@kingdomofvinland8827depends which humans survive.
so in summary, we developed intelligence because for us it just so happened to be the path of least resistance.
While other animals were rewarded by investing in defence and being sedentary, while others were rewarded for developing deadly poisons, or incredibly sharp fangs and well-defined musculature to hunt, we just so happened to be the one case, where developing intelligence in order to fortify our social structures and develop superior tools, was the best course of action...
I'm not a religious man, at most I believe that there may be a God, but that if they exist they're not any God that we worship on this planet, and it'd be a waste of my time and energy to try and figure out if they exist or not, however: seeing things like these with astronomically low odds, still taking place anyway in just the right way for me to eventually come into existence and write this comment? It's surreal, this universe we live in really is a miracle, it truly makes you wonder if there IS some guiding hand behind it all
13 other "intelligent" apes are extinct, it was a numbers game, even if it was grand.
Can you keep posting content like this unique it's so refreshing
Dude never fails to make an interesting video to watch on the background or put me to sleep
Splitting an atom is fision combining is fusion 6:15
Dolphins and Elephants absolutely have the potential to catch up to and surpass us in the future, the biggest main issues being their communication and physical grasping potentials.
With proper levels of communication, dolphins for example could use their mouths as "early" hands and two dolphins together could coordinate and fashion tools in such a way that would eventually lead to underwater empires.
Elephants could potentially do the same thing, espectially African elephants with their "two fingers" on each trunk helping tremendously.
And then there would be wars between them and the Asian elephants because the "ones with only one finger" would appear inferior and then some elephant president that wears a tall top hat and tells no lies will abolish the elephant slavery era.
Flesh that out, write the entire story. GOT style though.
@HistoryOfHumankind, @9:30, Sivopithecus is pronounced with a "sh," not a plain "s." It is named for the Indian deity, Siva, but the S is supposed to have a small swirl under it, to denote sh.
I once saw a geico selling auto insurance
One of the best channels going - along with the sister channels
will fall asleep to this ✨
Some real authentic quality content. Keep it up man
hey! todays humans are still arboreal if you let them be! I spent a lot of time tree climbing as a kid!
but seriously, transitional arboreal childhood is a very interesting idea. I have been wondering about how non-human primate babies cling to their mother... but human babies need to be carried. Some how we transitioned from self attaching babies to artifically carried babies. If you look at indigenous people today, women carry their babies in slings while foraging. If a new mother had to carry a child with her arms... it's a huge disadvantage vs having a sling with the arms free.
so seems like there ought to have been a phase where hominids were walking upright, but babies could still cling. This phase where they are still relatively climbing adapted seems like it fits that very nicely.
That thumbnail is gold
Just stumbled this video on my feed. Surprised to hear History of the Universe. Automatically subscribed, I know this channel would be awesome like the other one.
Great vid! Always a good day to find a History of:
:Humankind
:the Earth
:the Universe
In my feed. Thank you Pete!
I absolutely love all of your channels 🙌🙌🙌
SO glad to see a new episode 👍🏻thx, you guys are the best.
1:47 Warsaw :)
*Warsuck
Fascinating video, well done, well discussed. 👍
Amazing youtube channel!! Love it one of the best !
I love all three of your channels.
There are basic needs to be able to be able to replace us
1. The ability to grip items firmly
2. The ability to live on land
3. The ability to move around
And the basics for them to be exactly like us:
1. Needs to be Bipedal
2. Needs to be just as good at conservation of bodily energy
3. Needs to just be able to just as dynamically move their arms
I came for a video not on why we made it, but why the reptiles didn't. If the asteroid had not hit and they had hundreds of millions more years, would they have? If not, why?
The dinosaurs already HAD a hundred and fifty million years on top. If they were gonna do it, they would have done it... probably. Also do remember that birds are dinosaurs and are among the smartest animal groups alive today.
Mammals only really had 65 million years since the non-avian Dinosaurs went ka-boom.
If we accept that the way we live may not be the epitome of all life, then maybe we can be content with the realization that dinosaurs had reached their pinnacle. Using time as the metric, they were far more successful than we have been. Maybe if the asteroid had hit in a different area and the devastation was laid out differently, evolution might have created the same pressure that drove mammals to become the most dangerous animal to ever exist, could have driven reptiles to evolve tool use, language, and culture.
The develope ent of intelligence DID require it being social then we started measuring the intelligence of octopus. A very asocial animal. So much for that social requirement.
Thank you!❤
Wait, another David Kelly channel? Heck yeah! 🥳
The answer is in complex language. Humans are able to communicate very complex ideas to each other, over multiple contexts. Even the deaf and blind are able to be a part of this exchange, it's truly defining.
Once animals learn to do this, it's over. Imagine if an octopus, dolphin, and raven talk to control an army of apes and NY rats.
Talk is cheap without hands.
Thank you so much for all your hard work!
Nice video. Though simplifying / possibly misleading. Competing theory for our increasing brain size is not tool use, but more complex social structures. The advantage of that theory is that being better at cheating or spotting cheaters is IMMEDIATELY useful, whereas with tool use you need to invent that tool first before the capability to build it pays of. That is of course speculation, but certainly we are not empire builders. For the largest part of our history we did not and many extant civilizations still do not. That our societies reached that level of complexity is as much an evolutionary accident as us having hands.
11:55 ??
I think this might be one of the greatest evidence for a God that is guiding humanity.
Faith requires no evidence. Those that require proof of their faith, were never true believers to begin with.
Absolutely Fantastic!, Thankyou.
Another thought provoking video with excellent narration.
Corrections: 1. Pleisadapis is basal to the aye-aye, multituberculates and rodents, not primates. Notharctus is basal to primates. 2. Australopithecus was an ape, bipedal by convergence. 3. Our ancestors are derived from Sahelanthropus, Hylobates (extant gibbon), Oreopithecus, Ardipithecus, Homo floresiensis and the rest of this genus. Gibbons are already bipedal when terrestrial, so that problem does not have to be imagined. Gibbons fight with fists, not teeth. They appear as blondes, brunettes and redheads and they have eyebrows. The small nares open laterally to ventrally, not anteriorly as in 'Lucy' and apes. No buttock swelling during fertile periods. Singing (which leads to talking). Monogamy. Gracile body, small face. Long Achilles tendon. The list goes on. See PterosaurHeresies for links and cladograms.
hope everyone is doing well
Are you the strongest animal because you are human? Or are you human because you're the strongest?
Around 6:20 into the video they said so and so figured out how to split the atom and called it 'fusion" -- Wrong! Splitting the atom is "fission", not "fusion". Fusion is where the nuclei of two atoms are forced together to form a larger atom. An example of fusion is how our Sun, like most stars, "burn" hydrogen atoms to form helium (two hydrogen atoms fuse together to produce a helium atom and release a lot of energy that we see as sunlight and warmth from the Sun).
Uuuuuuhhhhgh score, dude!
This gives me the feeling I’m back in a lecture hall with a badass professor!
Why did you turn off the subtitles? I'm not very fluent in English, and this ended up making it difficult for me to understand, and I'm having to use Google Translate to write this comment, it would be really great if you could turn the subtitles back on.
Edit: thx
Hello, I am French and I have the same problem. I posted a comment similar to yours
@1:10 GASP!
Top tier presale just begun. I think Alemio Network is one of the most promissing projects year to date.
Fission, not fusion
Be fizzy, not fussy
@@hekikuu why not both?
It is rather amusing for humans to come from the point of view of, "Well, we got this far, so anyone else has to do things our way to get similarly far.
I do appreciate the token mention you gave to ants, but I think there's far more that you could have said. For instance, ants developed very impressive technologies long before humans. Technologies such as farming, animal husbandry, civil engineering techniques. They demonstrate large scale society, communication, teaching, and task specialization. They have tactical warfare, which enforces additional developmental constraints upon them. They are capable of manipulation of their environment to a scale only matched by humans. If it wasn't humans getting lucky enough for evolution to drive the tools necessary for arbitrary technology, it would have been ants.
Behind ants on the list of 'alternate animal clades that could develop arbitrary technology', I would definitely rank the Corvids next. I feel like while you spoke about their tool-usage, one key feature you could have mentioned is their societies. Corvid society demonstrates a lot of the features needed to push development of brainpower and technology. Corvids have also shown the ability to manipulate others into performing tasks they want done, even other species.
Excellent point. We all carry a bias as all our information regarding biology comes from one sample. We must be open to, and use, our imagination. Who knows? Maybe bipedal tool users with complex language and society is the ONLY way to become technologically advanced. But then again, we dont know enough to state that as fact. And even if that is the case, whats to stop insects from developing into a quad ped with 2 sets of arms and hands with a hive mind for information sharing. God helps us, lets hope ants dont develop hands!
@christopherlane5238 Ants don't need hands. Their mandibles are as capable as anything at grasping, cutting, pretty much anything they require. They're all-in-one tools just like human hands.
Now im imagining a human - dolphin war in a couple hundred thousand years
Humans would win, we would probably become interplanetary by then
@@pokecuz Its more likely that we are going to exterminate a few more species before we get our collective shit together. A war vs roaches is more realistic. And we would still win. Everyone uses our tool use, social skills, and language as as a list of super powers that allowed us to become masters of the world. But what is often left off the list of "Things that make us kings of the world" is violence. We are very comfortable with killing and worse. I would be interested to know if our kind of bloodlust is a side-effect of natural and self-made pressures, of if that is a pre-requisite to become the dominant life on a planet and is a universal constant.
When I look at all other intelligent species, none have the intimate relationship with geology that human do.
Ducks fuckin love rocks and shit, on an intellectual level. But they think unconformities were caused by a really really big duck, intriguing stuff.
Duck don't love rocks the way humans do. Humans must carry small rectangular objects consisting of plastic, copper, lithium, silicon, germanium, tantalum and cobalt everywhere we go or we feel lost and adrift.
Humans were create in the image and likeness of God. That is why we create build and rule the Earth
Nonsense. Science requires proof. Religion requires faith. You can believe whatever you want, nobody is stopping you. But this is a scientific forum, thank you for keeping your proselytising to yourself. Its not always welcome, and can be rude.
this channel is so good man
This so so much better than watching news channels ☺️
History, would you be able to make a video series that is just your voice reading public domain history textbooks, with calming music over it. Bro, everytime an episode drops, I sleep like a baby. 😅😂
this video is really well made, and i appreciate the depth you brought to the topic. however, i can't help but wonder if the perspective presented is a bit narrow. it seems like some alternative viewpoints were overlooked that could've added even more richness to the discussion. what do you all think?
Humanity for the win.
Beautiful and informative commentary. Subbed
I love this narrator ❤