What Are Grammatical Cases?
Вставка
- Опубліковано 11 лют 2019
- 🎈Complete playlist on Czech grammatical cases and declensions (Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Locative, Instrumental): • What Are Grammatical C...
🌟 Learn HOW to learn Czech effectively without giving up your life: www.becauseczechiscool.com/st...
👄 Join my Czech Pronunciation course, The Czech Sound Library: www.becauseczechiscool.com/so...
👱♀️ My website: www.becauseczechiscool.com
💌 Sign-up for my newsletters: www.becauseczechiscool.com/re...
👩💻 Book a private session with me: www.becauseczechiscool.com/se...
📝 Read my story: www.becauseczechiscool.com/my...
STAY CONNECTED 🙋♀️
👉 Join a private Facebook group for Czech learners: / becauseczechiscool
👉 Write me an email: eliska@becauseczechiscool.com
👉 Sign-up for my newsletters: www.becauseczechiscool.com/re...
🧠 WHAT ARE GRAMMATICAL CASES (DECLENSIONS) IN CZECH?
What does it mean to "decline" a word? Here is a brief explanation:
Cases are a grammatical category that shows the function of a word in a sentence. Every noun (a person, place, animal, or thing) can play various roles in a situation. It can play the main role and do something, or conversely, something can be done to it. It can be written, called, seen, or played, it can be given or received, it can be part of something, it can be a source or a destination for something, it can be used as a tool or means to achieve something, etc.
And this is what cases are for, we use them, to identify these roles within a sentence. In English, we express the role of a word with the word order (SUBJECT-VERB-OBJECT) and the prepositions. In Czech, in addition to this, we also use cases to show who is doing what to whom.
In practice this means, that we change the form of the word, usually, its ending, to indicate its function or role in the sentence. For example, the Czech woman's name "Anna" can be just Anna, but it can also be AnnY, AnnĚ, AnnU, AnnO, or AnnOU, depending on which role it plays in a particular situation.
There are seven cases in Czech and each of them describes a different function of the word in a sentence. They are called 1. nominative, 2. genitive, 3. dative, 4. accusative, 5. vocative, 6. locative, and 7. instrumental.
🗝️ FOR EXAMPLE:
1. JanA píše dopis. - Jana is writing a letter.
2. Jdu domů bez JanY. - I'm going home without Jana.
3. Dávám pero JanĚ. - I'm giving the pen to Jana.
4. Vidím JanU. - I see Jana.
5. JanO! - Jana! Hey, Jana!
6. Mluvím o JanĚ. - I speak about Jana.
7. Jdu domů s JanOU. - I'm going home with Jana.
In Czech, nouns, adjectives, pronouns, and numerals form cases, both in singular and plural.
If we go through the various cases of a word, we say that we decline it. Once we do this, we get a table with all possible forms of the word, which is called declension. Declension is the changing of the form of the word.
🤓😎🥸
Do you wear PRESCRIPTION GLASSES like me? Enjoy a 50% DISCOUNT at Alensa Optics for my followers.
Valid for Crulle, Marisio, and Kimikado frames when bought together with prescription lenses, plus Crulle and Marisio sunglasses: www.alensa.cz/bryle-crulle-ki.... Use the code "Eliska50" at checkout. Offer ends June 19, 2024. Free eye exams and English-speaking staff available at their Prague store on Lazarská Street.
⚪️🔴🔵
Enter the code BECAUSECZECHISCOOL to get a 5% discount on the following SLOWCZECH products. If you purchase I will get a small commission at no extra cost to you. Thank you for supporting the two Eliškas (me and Eliška from Slowczech 💁♀️🙋♀️) in their work. We really appreciate it!
▶ Czech cases with stories: form.simpleshop.cz/OkYr/
▶ Logic in Czech PLUS: form.simpleshop.cz/O0ag/
▶ 21 day grammar challenge: www.slowczech.com/21day/
▶ Czech prefixes with stories: form.simpleshop.cz/EyV0/
Happy learning!
Eliška ❤️
Finally somebody who is doing videos about the czech cases. I´m looking really forward to the following videos :-)
Díky!
Definitely! Já taky.
Hi, thank you very much for your effort. Please, could you write to me where I can see your videos for cases?? I saw only for Nominative??Waiting and thank you
Very nice, clear and straight-forward explanation of Czech cases! Not easy to put this all together in one video! 👏🏼
Ahoj. Vy jste dobrá učitelka. Thanks.
I have only studied Czech for about a week, but after watching many Czech language videos, I have to say you have the most professional presentation. There is so much to cover! Please do more.
Děkuju!
Her presentations are awesome! She makes cases seem simple.
You’re very clear and easy to understand. Helps me understand my native language’s structure as a well as how Czech is structured. Godspeed Eliška
Děkuju!
THANK YOU!! I'm an American trying to learn Czech to speak with my husband's family. The grammar portion has always been so daunting. You explain the cases so well with such clear, simple words and excellent matching images. I'm looking forward to diving into your videos and finally progressing into creating sentences! If you're still offering I may reach out for tutoring. Thank you for such great videos!❤
Thank you! And yes, I'm still offering private Czech sessions!
😂😭when she said the end of Anna changes i lost it. this language is something else.
it looks really hard, but it helps us to avoid using more words, if you watch TadyGavin Ana karenina - all of these things helps czech speakers to know a lot of things from one phrase, instead of needing to prolong it - like was case of Annu vidí Jana
You speak English so beautifully, dear Sister. Tremendous appreciation from Gujarat, Rajasthan and Singapore
Je to tak úžasné video, děkuju moc za to vysvětlení!
this is such a great video! looking forward to all the upcoming lessons
You have explained that better, and taught me more, in that one video than I have experienced in the past seventeen years of being near traumatised and overwhelmed by this language. You have given me hope that there is a way I can get my head around Czech. Thank you so much.
Ahoj Stephene, thank you for this lovely comment, it made my day! Držím palce s češtinou!
@@BecauseCzechIsCool - my absolute pleasure, and I am pleased that you saw the comment. It was genuinely meant. I have watched other videos since and they are helping clear up so many things. I think I shall be coming to you for some online sessions before too long - most likely after the summer season, and all the running around that brings. Thank you again.
@@stephenedwards3397 Skvělé, těším se!
Amazing explanation! Helps me understand case in other languages ❤
Good to be polish. Sooo easy to me. Diky!
This has been so helpful! I hope you will make videos covering the rest of the cases one day.
Wow! Skvělé video! Moc dobrá práce, super well explained, Eliško! :-)))
Why am I watching this, I'm native speaker
Hahahhaa
Because czech is cool
Also :-DD
@@raffifoune1803 Haha, přesně tak!
At last you shall learn it properly. ;)
Thanks! was very useful! looking forward to the following videos!
Díky!
This is gold. Grammar is tough, even in English. I can see how you can have much more flexibility when speaking Czech, and can switch cases mid sentence. It reminds me of Latin. I think much more emphasis on grammar and especially conjugation is needed when learning Czech.
Thank you for making these videos! I started Czech a month ago and it seems like a very cool and interesting language!
It is indeed! :)
I think grammatical cases are cool but complex. It's a lot to learn and remember. But your explanation makes it much clearer. Thanks for the video.
Díky moc za pomoc, Eliško!
Perfect. Thank you
I would like to join the Chorus of Praise. And also, thank my fellow-viewers who were sufficiently moved by your excellence, to make their own very helpful contributions. Frank
Děkuju moc!
thanks a lot, I am not a traveler, I want to learn czech to communicate.
Just a little correction.. Although the word order in Czech is pretty fluid thanks to the grammar cases, it doesn't mean this dearly paid for advantage is just wasted. The word order accounts for slighter meaning changes (like what comes first in a sentence is meant to be focused on etc.)
Very good point made, michal. It is the same with Hungarian
@@aravindssingapore4327
Same in Greek.
Very helpful video. Thanks.
Glad to hear that!
In the example 'Jana vidí Annu,' is, let's say, normal word order. The reversed order 'Annu vidí Jana,' is better to use with a list of observers (in some kind of spy game ;) ) 'Annu vidí Jana, Petra a Vít.'
amazing explanation love it thanks :)
Glad it helped!
Awwww, thank you very much!!!!
It seems so simple if your native language is one of slavic languages, but for others may take a little while to understand. Czech cases don't differ much from Russians exept we don't have the 5th one ("Jano!")
Dont you have more cases? 10, I think? In Czech it is quite easy to use cases, if you learn the preposition which goes with particular case:
1st case - who / what?
2nd case - without whom / without what?
3rd case - to whom / to what?
4th case - whose / which?
5th case - addressing/calling who / what?
6th case - about whom / about what?
7th case with whom / with what?
@@MyYTwatcher No, Russian has 6 cases. All Slavic languages have 6 to 7 cases, except for Bulgarian and Macedonian (almost lost cases). Case usage is not as straightforward as you think, that table you mentioned is useful for native speakers, but not for those who are not used to cases in their native languages. E.g. "I want to ask Jana" - there is no cue how to figure out that genitive must be used. Or "Bypass something" - no cue for dative, "He is standing behind the house" - no cue for instrumental, etc. In these situations that table is absolutely useless. Prepositional and verbal bindings have to be learned as well together with learning prepositions and verbs, so for a non-native speaker quite a hard work.
@@notoriusmaximus783 Spot on. My partner is a native Czech speaker and tried to explain the cases to me with that same table. She got very frustrated when all I gave her back was a blank stare and "... But what the fuck does that actually mean?", but of course she can't understand how totally alien it is to an English speaker. After watching a few videos like this it's becoming a lot clearer.
thank you it was useful
it's very useful
skvělá
I love you for explaining this.
I did not get a thing, but I love your effort though.
Now, back to Duolingo 🤣
byl to hodne jasne. dekuju.
Frankly, an EXCELLENT video.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Keby som sa toto mal učiť bez toho, aby som to prirodzene vedel, tak by ma asi porazilo... fuuu. Klobúk dole. Ja by som to takto vysvetliť nevedel ;)
Díky Jozefe! Máte pravdu, pády jsou pro studenty fuška, tak snad jim video aspoň trochu pomůže pochopit základní princip.
After English, other languages that I want to learn is slavic languages because of Slavic languages are mostly free word order and morphologically extremely rich. It was very suitable to make rhyme in songs and poetry. I've decided to learn Czech, after czech, polish and russian are my next destination. By the way, I even tried to learn old church slavonic but it was really hard for me because it grammatical features are very complex and sounding system are very hard and it alphabets have many letters which are not used anymore in some slavic languages with cyrillic language.
To je skvělé, držím palce!
The world needs more Czech women. I’m marrying one. They’re hard to find outside of Czech Republic, kinda like rare Pokémon’s. I’d love to catchem all but such a perfect woman deserves absolute loyalty. Czech women are mňam mňam mňam! The language is hard but I never back down from a challenge.
Thank you so much for such a great video. I've been drowning in the mysterious sea of Czech case endings. I have liked and subscribed, looking forward to watching (and probably re-watching) your videos. I've watched your nominative video also, where can I find the other case videos please?
Díky moc za milý komentář! :) The rest of the cases are not published yet, they will hopefully be one day!
You should do the other cases Eliška! Good video.
Děkuju moc. Překvapení: akuzativ bude snad dnes! :)
@@BecauseCzechIsCool Těším se na to!
Děkuji vám!
Děkuju :)
THANKS A LOT
Merci !
Děkuju moc !!!!!
dekuji
Pouzivas padove otazky na vysvetlenie principu padov a ako pomocku pri hladani spravneho tvaru? Ci to funguje iba pre rodenych cechov (slovakov)?
Nepoužívám :) Cizinci se učí češtinu jinak (naopak), než Češi. Češi ten jazyk už umí, mají ho naposlouchaný už od narození a ve škole se pomocí pádových otázek učí pády už jenom identifikovat. Zatímco cizinci začínají na nule. Nemají žádný "materiál", se kterým by mohli pracovat. Když jim řekneš "komu čemu" nebo "kým čím", tak vůbec netuší, o co jde.
Dekuju
Finally I understand it better, its always been so confusing to me.
To je skvělé!
Oo thank you finally even I found.......
5:57 examples
Greeting , I'm interested to join czech 🇨🇿 class if is it possible personally? By online Skype or somehow ??
www.becauseczechiscool.com Ahoj! I offer online 1-0-1 sessions
I don't understand why Jana changes cases between "I'm going home without Jana" and "I'm going home with Jana." Can anyone explain?
Ahoj Alicio! It's because of the preposition. The preposition BEZ (without) needs the genitive in Czech. The preposition S (with) needs the instrumental. It sounds a bit unlogical but you can see it this way: Because one of the main functions of the Czech genitive is to express the meaning of the English preposition OF, you can see BEZ as "the lack OF something". The instrumental expresses a means or instrument to do something so I see Jana as an "instrument" to make my way home easier or more convenient :) Feel free to play around with Czech as you learn more cases and create your own imaginations that will help you remember things better. Happy learning!
@@BecauseCzechIsCool Thank you! That makes sense.
ايييية انا عملت اييية !!؟
To zesilování hlasitosti (jako to dělaj Moraváci) na konci slov v tý Angličtině fakt dost tahá za uši, ale jinak nic proti samozřejmě. :-D
wow, i'm lost... 😂😂😂
Lol im half czech and have been trying to learn czech cases for years and i still cant grasp it
6:53 only 13!! 😌
PARECE O RUSSO. ESTUDO RUSSO, BEM PARECIDO. IT SEEMS LIKE RUSSIAN. АНHА ПИШЕТ ПИСЬМО РУЧКОЙ INSTRUMENTAL. Я ВИЖУ АННУ ACCUSATIVE . Я ПОДАРИЛ ЦВЕТЫ АННЕ DATIVE...CZECH IS VERY INTERESTING
Of course, as both Russian and Czech are Slavic languages, they share most of grammar and quite a high amount of vocabulary. With some afford, they are mutually intelligible.
Can you please actually make the videos? :( I just started learning czech because of my boyfriend’s family and it would be a huge help. I understand if you don’t want to tho, but it would be amazing :(
czech words makes foreigners crazy because of that crazy cases
Crazy but cool :))
Když si říkám názvy těchto pádů, tak často prohodím dativ a akuzativ...
Dativ je z latiny od "dávat [někomu/něčemu]" a akuzativ od "vinit [někoho/něco]".
Why, why, why did I decide to try and learn this language....
Because it's so cool :)
Sometimes it makes me think, why do they make Czech so difficult to learn 😕