Neuroscientist Explains One Concept in 5 Levels of Difficulty | WIRED
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- Опубліковано 28 тра 2024
- WIRED has challenged neuroscientist Daphna Shohamy, PhD, to explain memory to 5 different people; a child, teen, a college student, a grad student and an expert.
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For a seven years old, she sounds way smarter than her age!
Its scripted she isnt that smart 😕
She is smarter than most politicians thats for sure
@@tengkualiff Part of being a politician is lying and fooling the public. Part of working in media is putting politicians out of context for ratings. They're all here to manipulate you so you can ignore the real issues.
@@ADITYA-yv9nh why do you say that
She made my heart melt
this gets weird when you realize it's their brains talking about themselves
You just made me feel really small😂
Quite intriguing isn’t it? It honestly makes the entire universe as a whole so incredibly complex and weird!
Yes, and that they are just looking at vessels meant to keep their brains alive.
We are a way for the universe to know itself.
We have one of the most perfect machines in the universe but we dont really know how to use it. xD
Abigail is really smart. Look at her ability to summarise the discussion so accurately and effortlessly. Wow.
Yeah it’s honestly amazing how she remembered not just the gist of the conversation, but especific terms like hippocampus
@@adrianlima2776 My jaw dropped when she even remembered hippocampus let alone what it does while using it in proper context. She’s going places.
Come to India Brother! Then you will see what is smart
i really love how she actually talks to the kids in this and takes time to engage them. so many of the professionals in this series don't really try to inspire complex thoughts or critical thinking but kids have some of the coolest ideas and thoughts.
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It is pretty hard to reduce complex thoughts far enough that kids can and are willing to understand or have fun understanding it. So big props to the Neuroscientist.
Yeah exactly. That first little girl had some great insights immediately.
@@kitkat2407 Well to that I would losely quote Einstein, who said that you only truely understood something once you're able to explain it to a five-year-old.
As someone who is currently pursuing their PhD in Neuroscience, the comments make me so happy that there is so much fascination with the brain. I firmly believe that in the next 50 years, we're really going to be pushing our understanding of it.
That is awesome! Good luck with your PhD 😃
good luck with your phd! ive always been fascinated with the brain and i dreamed of being able to pursue studies in neuroscience, unfortunately i can’t, but it makes me so happy whenever i learn about people currently in or aiming for neuroscience programs. I hope you do great things and are happy in your career
@@salem-xh1pl you can’t? Why not? Care to share?
"The role of memory is much less about being accurate representation of the past and much more about being kind of a flexible compass into the future" - Dr. Shohamy
This is so true and deep if you think about it.
I love how she doesn’t assume what people know and therefore she doesn’t patronise them when sharing her knowledge. Such great communication!
Abigail's a smart kid!
She spoke so well and tbh I don'tt think I knew what was teal when I was her age
ikr?
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I mean, she's really smart. She got a perfect example of remembering a safety threat with the knife, which is one of the two necessities that pushed for the evolution of memory. The other is remembering the sources of food in space.
Let's Appreciate Wired for conducting some educational cool content instead of some random celebrity routine stuff.
The best point ever!!
Lets*
@@music_holds_my_fading_soul Nice try, but that is incorrect lol
People can enjoy what they want. You can actually even enjoy both! Life is weird like that.
watching the two at the end was so satisfying - they almost became giddy and their conversation was illuminating.
She explained all levels really well and was kind to everyone. Well done!
This is fascinating to me. Medical and neuroscience is still in kindergarten, relatively speaking. We are just now exploring the why's and how's of bone marrow being linked to schizophrenia, organ transplant recipients suddenly craving the foods their donor loved, how memory and time are connected, etc.
Or how every day life can change one's perception of the world; for example, in my mid-30's suddenly having financial troubles, now seeing the world as a less positive world (amongst other troubles). I can see it changes these memorymaps in terms of feelings/emotions as well (not only the obvious spatial ones). I used to have a more positive look on life in general. But I think it is hard to keep the positive map as life continues/changes memory, or will be there some kind of medicines to open (what they called) doors between those maps in the future? Like all these hormons to feel good? I'm sorry if this doesn't make a lot of sense (not good at the hormons in relation to the brain topic; and not native english here)...hopefully someone gets the grasp of it. For fighting depressions and other emotional states. Or do these define us as human being? We can't be positive all our life could we? Etc etc.
I say this all the time! Esp in regard to mental health. How can we decide that some brains are "typical" and others are "divergent" when we know brains vary so much-- as unique to individuals as their fingerprint? Sure there are patterns (like loops or circles in finger prints) but no two the same. We know so little but are making so many claims about how brains should process things & how people should behave. Creates so much stigma and suffering.
wow! thank you for expanding my knowledge! ^_^
SO interesting!!
I recently learned that there is a huge amount of people who literally cannot picture images in their mind's eye. Like if I said, imagine a castle. You probably can create the image of a castle in your mind, right? Well, there are people who cant. At all. This fascinates me because I just always assumed everyone could do that. I think we should research this more and figure out why certain people cant do that.
What really messed with me is the fact that a lot of people who don't have an inner voice that they can "talk" to.
Agreed
There is also the fact that the detail and sharpness of the images that people can create in their minds varies greatly. Some persons can create images that are very detailed, vivid and sharp quickly and easily, and for other persons the images are much less detailed, sharp and vivid. There is also the fact that as we move into different states of consciousness such as deep hypnosis, or a dream state, or a deep meditative state our ability to create images changes dramatically and those persons with initially less ability are now able to create images and also remember memories with incredible detail, vividness and accuracy.
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I have aphantasia, and I also have SDAM, which are correlated. I also think that the inability to picture things hurts the memory capabilities
my favorite part of this series is that by the end of level 5, you feel part of the conversation and pretend to be an expert. just nodding, saying "yes, i concur"
Malafaia?
I’m a journalism student, and I haven’t taken biology in 6 years. I held on through college student, and then I started to learn with the last two. THIS IS SO COOL. I forgot how much I love bio. I wanted to study it so badly when I was a child, but I don’t have the stomach to cut things up
every time ive seen a picture of the hippocampus or amygdala it was basically a 2d version, i didnt realise there was 2 of them.
The structures of the brain are pretty much mirrored on each side
So many intelligent people in this video. The child's, whose name I don't remember, speaking of memory, understanding of the topic really surprised me. Very interesting video!
I love how excited the experts are when they talk to each other
its just so great to see that little girl understand and think abt everything that woman tells her, you can see on her face and in her eyes that she’s registering and shes already so smart , i loved that
As someone super interested in Cognitive Neuroscience, I absolutely loved listening to two experts discussing such an important and engaging topic. I hope that one day I can be having conversations like that.
You will.
That first kid is so smart! She thinks very logically 😯👏🏼
Sad that as she grows older, current society will teach her that emotion is more important and should abandon logic. As Buzz Lightyear told Woody: “snowflake, snowflake everywhere”
@@akiramurakami3177 you are absolutely right! that quote🥺 couldn't agree you more
It's crazy finding out how wrong your memories actually are, one thing I heard was that the more impactful memories are the most likely to be corrupted, that the more you pull out a memory the more likely it is to change over time. Dunno if that's true or not
I've heard that every time you remember something you are remembering the last time you thought about it. Details change or are forgot little by little.
The sad part is I won't remember any of this.
well if you click on the video sometime later, im sure youll remember that you did watch it already
Memory is key to identity formation.
Yeah.
Wow! The college student, Emma, really was well researched…. I can imagine my questions being quite different when I was in college.. LOL!
she's cute too😍
Exactly! She impressed Daphna with her questions and deep understanding of memory, a normal College student would not have that knowledge and understanding and wouldn't ask those kinds of questions.
Toward the end of the call it made me think of CBT: which helps us rewrite our beliefs that memory plays a role in shaping…
Very amazing to see in the eyes of almost everyone involved the fascination, and in the adults the passion driving these discussions. Attentive listening and equal sharing, just so beautiful to see
The little girl is so smart! I’m so impressed with her
i’ve got a neurosci B.S. and stuff like this reminds me how cool the field is
You know what I find really interesting? How traumatic memories get lost in your subconscious, like your brain just pushes them away. Also just the process of thinking, overthinking, visualising scenarios in your head, it's all so fascinating :D
That kid's really good memory just reminds me that my hippocampus has been shrunk by recurring depression
I’m so glad I listened until the end. When the expert talked about information network, brain as a dynamic circuitry/state machine, internal model of the brain reflecting and creating external model of the world, I feel like what I felt fuzzy about my field solidify a little more.
3:38 That little girl is smarter than me. I already forgot about the hippocampus.
Well but you still remember that mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell
The brain's ability to study itself is so fascinating
I swear, I feel like kids lowkey are the most sensible, truly intellegent humans on the planet. It's like they haven't been hit with overloaded textbook explanations, which allow them not to over complicate anything! The simplicity in their thought process allows for those vast answers that take older humans much more time to capture.
That girl in college really make use of this great opportunity. She asked so many questions and it looks like she did study before coming to this discussion
First one of these I could actually follow through all 5 levels. Awesome!
That's awesome, are you studying in the same field as well?
This was fascinating and really well-edited. Thanks, Wired!
Very, very good conversations. I especially enjoyed the perspective on memory as a "compass" guiding future actions and affecting previous memories. I think a lot of that compass is driven by our fears, especially death. Fear of loneliness causing that compass to point toward long-term situations that give us community and help us fit in and driving us to act in ways that would eventually provide us with community, fear of running out of resources causing us to put ourselves in situations with more resources to prevent things like starvation and poverty, etc
A memory is a symphony of signals of your experience as the event unfolds. Thats why repeating the event makes it a solid semantic memory as it not only depends on one neural pattern of one particular event but a series of implicit and explicit memory signals superimposing over one another
Idk what it is she just seems very lovely person and makes me feel safe and calm 💕🥰 and the way she talks to the little kids is soooo sweet and nice
Makes me want to learn a lot more about the pathways of our brain, great video and lovely people!
by far one of the best series on UA-cam
That's it. I'm definitely doing a Phd in Neuroscience.
Good luck and thank you!
I watched the whole thing but I've forgotten what I've learned.
same lmao
Its not that difficult if you actually study the material
@@EmperorPenguinXRemas What a username you have! I love it! Reminds me of The Matrix movie that is coming out soon. And how we are all destined to fully embody your username at some point in our future incarnations and for some of us maybe even our current incarnation.
memory, "a flexible compass into the future...." that's the neatest thing about this video, is learning to think of how memory recalls the past, the present, and the future...
I love these videos. Please keep making more!
The mental model that we have is very "reflective" of our previous experiences. I think that her particular insight there is worth more attention.
We perceive through frequency, for the most part. Wavelengths of light are differing frequencies of the electromagnetic wave, sound is frequency of air pressure, etc. Then those frequencies are then somehow interpreted in context with templates that we have for different aggregations of frequencies we've experienced before. It's like we're self-organizing mirrors
This was excellent. Keep these coming Vice!
she is so beautiful, I was captivated by her the entire video and had to restart to watch it again, I wonder if she has ever taken a job also as an actor?? 🥺
i would love to look into how memory works for people who can’t create images within their minds and also what causes that to happen (aphantasia)
My favorite WIRED series is backkkk
emma’s story made me cry that is so amazing
Abigail is a smart cookie!!! The fact that she remembered the word & use of the hippocampus is amazing!
Perfect timing! I’m currently taking a Memory and Cognition course.
Great discussions!
Hello wired, can you guys make an architect explaining one thing in 5 levels? Thanks for all these videos
Abigail is very very smart.
This tickles my brain in such a good way.
These shows are fantastic, perfect way to showcase why education matter, why science is real and matter, and why if you haven't studied to the point, where you know, you still have so much to learn. Then you haven't studied at all.
The College student already blew me away. And the that most be made a quote "I think these imperfections, I interpret them as an indication that the role of memory, is much less about being accurate representation of the past, and much more about being kind of a flexible compass into the future".
Dr. Dani just blew my mind. she is sharp!
It's interesting, I've actually been thinking about "mental models" for the past couple weeks. What is it that leads people to develop certain mental models? Is it simply having lived a certain life and being treated a certain way by the people around them? Do innate biological predispositions play any role in the final mental model that a person may develop? I believe there is a finite truth to everything and that there are horrible as well as wonderful people in the world. What if we could fully map the mental models of the best people in the world, would it then be possible to replicate those mental models in future people, through education, through cultural engineering? These are questions I've been thinking about the past couple weeks.
7:47
Daphna respected that reply.
The 7-year old child Abigail made some smart comments, but she also said that memories are stored in the hippocampus. The neuroscientist never actually said that, the child was adding things to her memory of the conversation so that it made more sense to her! When does detailed memory slide into confabulation?
I'm quite certain that the final one, the expert Dr. Bassett, is a time lord.
I keep coming across people edging and pursuing the concept that memory is what makes us us. It was used a point of getting a way to store people on a hard drive tithe achieve some kind of immortality.
This is a great video! I want to be a consultant neurologist when I am older.
As a computer scientist, I'm very happy to hear about this evolving sense that cognition maintains a model of the world, and in turn the model guides behavior.
Memory decorates the model with episodic information, we might say, and more incrementally reshapes it with semantic information. But the model isn't some passive thing. It's actively engaged in imagination and planning.
And so it's a bit of an artificial distinction to talk separately about memory and imagination. One is presumed to be accurate and the other is presumed not, but in fact they have almost identical functionality, and may rely on the same architecture. This is also evolutionarily more plausible than to suppose that they originated independently.
I've been listening to Stephen Fry's podcast on psychology and it's great to see even further into those ideas here!
Worthwhile video for college students.
Do neurodiversity next please!
These and your Joe Navarro videos are the best out there!
How refreshing, after binging the physics videos, to finally understand what the expert's are talking about as a cognitive neuro/psych student :P
I love these videos so much - They're really easy to digest and they are great at dissolving these really complex and intricate topics into an understandable subject - This video was especially really interesting so thank you!
The way these women are telling y’all to grow is astounding and I love it. ❤
Salute to all health professional.
What the experts describe at the end makes me revisit Why I wanted to raise my son in Oslo. Oslo is a compact cosmopolitan city that's built by a community that's surrounded by and celebrates nature. Now that I had my son and I move to LA I can practically witness his growing interest towards cars 😭
The car culture is so strong that it's overriding whatever I attempt to teach him. If we were in a city like Oslo where cars are band in the city center I'm quite sure his interests and outlook would be much broader; perhaps he'd notice the architecture or how the people behave differently there versus here. Settings acts as a default map of societal and cultural norms; the setting here is not the model norm I want him to emulate 😟
But maybe printing pictures of fonder memories spent during hikes, museum visits and good natured social activities will help reinforce the "map" he'll circulate in his memory 🤞🏼
I can't shut out the world I'm surrounded by but I'll try my best to mold it back to better shape 🤷🏻🙏🏼😓
Or maybe just dont try controlling the organic growth and development of your son lol
Now thats the coolest stuff I ever saw since long
The last conversation makes it seem like they're talking to Variants of each other.
They already have the common ground, so it's just building on ideas.
The boy asking if he would always choose pixie sticks if asked or what would cause him to change was deceptively simple question, it showed he was really processing the complicated ideas being presented
Why was the seven year old basically just as smart as the teenager :00000
That's cuz u imagine a kid don't know much or understand much, don't underestimate a kid they know a lot 😂
My silly take on defining *"memory"* :
It's your brain recording information and relaying it back in uniform with our previous encounters regarding modeled behavior.
This is my favorite subject I love this
Memories are in our minds in a global way.
My wife has aphantasia, I’m so curious to how she makes memories, especially making and recalling long term memories
love love love memory.
Well Cognitive Psych and Neuro psych in general
One of my favorite channels ❤
That editing, in the beginning, when the 'expert' mouths "increasing Complexity" missed my head up.
I need an explanation lower than the child level ngl 🤣
I love this women,smart, inclusive, and just plain awesome to listen
"We don't remember random things. We remember the things that matter the most"
Oh, so that's why I still remember the Pokérap lyrics!
Unfortunately memory storage happened in the moment, and at one point in time that was indeed very important to you. Too bad we can't consciously control the deletion process lmao
Or music lyrics in general. I don't even sometimes know I totally remember every single word in part of a song until I hear it again 3 years later and I can totally sing to it. Fascinates me every single time.
Same for me with the japanese versions of avril lavigne songs
I just wanna say how beautiful the college girl is, and also smart!
please do this with the physics topics more
Interesting because newer spatial therapy (described in The Body Keeps Score) is helping folks who have PTSD. I have so many questions to ask the experts at the end. Does a better memory make it easier or harder to make decisions? Or does it depend on the type of memory? Why do we remember remembering something? What can we learn about memory by looking at autism?
That 7 year old was very smart for her age
Please do literature next !!!!!
this was so good
Everything is related… Data; Perception; Information; Understand; Know; Learn; Remember; Concept; Abstraction; Model; Schema; Attitude; Opinion; Decision; Behaviour; Past; Present; Future.
abigail is so smart!!! when I was seven, I didn't even know what color "teal" was and here she is, able to explain memory so well. she even remembered the term "hippocampus" and was able to recall what the function of that part of the brain was! super impressed by her abilities as a seven-year-old. she's definitely going places! :p
So she’s a neuroscientist and dresses like that? Those boots
Talk about being a badass 🤜🏻🤛🏻