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The map is unfortunately not correct, the settlement east of Pressburg (Pozsony/Bratislava) is Nagyszombat/Trnava instead of Szombathely. Szombathely/Savaria lies roughly 100 km south of Wien.
Love the videos HistoryMarche. I did notice an error: the shape of the Danube visible at 8:00 contains elements that were altered by human engineering after the events in the battle. The polygonal shapes in the river to the East of Pressburge are ship building and maintenance facilities near the modern city now named Bratislava. These elements are visible in google earth: www.google.com/maps/@48.1349842,17.1392461,14z. I know that this is a minor error in a very good video and you probably make the maps based off of google earth. I just thought I would bring this to your attention.
Just imagine. After an exhausting battle you have to swim across a river in a total silence to fight another battle at dawn. How could they swim with such huge balls. Respect!
Don't forget that they had to hold the bows above they heads so the water don't reach the strings and the body. You can't fire with wet strings and it's harder to aim with a wet and slipperi bow.
The most important thing, which is overlooked by most people, is that the early Hungarian horse archers were so effective, because they were not soldiers. Most of them were warriors or shepherds. According to sources they learnt how to ride the horse in their early childhood, even before they could walk. Archaeologic evidences proves that they started to train with the bow as soon they were old enough to hold it. Basically they launched campaigns against the Western and Eastern countries every year, so they were quite experienced in fighting. They operated in smaller tactical units, the members were bonded together by countless battles. They had a lot of horses, so they could swap to fresh horses several times during a battle.
Their way of life made them such good warriors and gave them an advantage individually over settled people. But settled people had numbers and fortifications while steppe people very rarely formed stable tribal confederations.
We are so used hearing again and again about very well known battles like Mohacs, Tannenberg, Kossovopolje, but battles like this go unnoticed. And what a battle, what superior command of steppe military tactics, what boldness to even dare to do such things. Astonishing battle! Greetings from Romania!
Also since hungarians were worked as sellswords for multiple empire in europe they knew how those troopes function what their tactics are etc. which helped a lot in forming a plan to defeat them
I really love the fact that the raiding parties applied uneven pressure on the two marching sides causing them to separate. Perfect example of divide and conquer.
Majority of the credit goes to the Bavarian leaders, who seem to forget the principle of hugging a river, is to HUG THE F****N RIVER. But then again, it's a common theme of the middle ages to see the knights get lured by horse archers, again and again and again, undisciplined bunch of rabbles.
@@nomooon I suspect there is more to that. I have been a guide on the river cruise ship and travelled that way several times. You cannot just follow the river all the time, especially when you march 20 000 people including heavy armoured units, because there is no highway along the river banks. So, you walk in a certain distance from the river, you don't necessarily see it at all and then you are annoyed by arrows out of the blue. Of course, the river bed changed its course in some places since but the issues are the same. *And yes, later, in some places in Europe "highways" emerged along the river banks.
to be fair, this was before them Mongols and Seljuks, so only the Parthaians and Huns would have pulled it off against a European nation. Ironically, the Mongols successfully faint retreated the Hungarian army and the battle of Mohi is almost identical to their second battle in this video, with the mongols crossing the Danube at night and raining arrows over the Hungarian camp.
Feigned retreats are misunderstood. I can tell you, for example, that I will attack your flank and functionally there is nothing you can do to stop that. When a more mobile army retreated you had two options: 1) Stay put 2) Follow. If you stayed put that "retreating army" will continue to rampage through your lands.
@@RTWPimpmachine also in the midst of battle, adrenaline is pumping n many go into sort of berserk state, it's hard to control people when they are fighting for their lives.
Yo @@HistoryMarche , my man, please make a video on Napoleon's battle of Castiglione. When the besiegers of Mantua appear out nowhere behind Wurmzer's left, I always imagine Napoleon going like : "Don't you love it when a plan comes together." I know it wasn't a very thoroughly successful battle, but Napoleon did inflict a crushing defeat on Austrians. This is my favorite battle in the Italian campaign. For a few reasons: +Some weeks before Castiglione Napoleon faced an enemy twice his size. +The Austrians decided to devide their army into two and these would converge at Napoleon. Napoleon couldn't lift the seige of Mantua as then that would expose his twenty-five thousand army's rear to twelve thousand Austrians in Mantua. + But he did it, he employed the strategy of defeat in detail so beautifully that within a few days, the Austrians had to prepare a whole new army to fight Napoleon.
@@petertuba7603 Hungarian tradition does not mention this battle at all. The reason why historians thing he died after the battle, is because he disappears from the sources afte 907.
I often saw this strategy deployed by raiders countries, and we saw it on this channel with the battle of Andrinople. But THIS, this is another level. Wiping out two armies plus a fleet with a third of the ennemy strengh is an unprescendented accomplishement, I am deeply impressed before the sheer discipline and luck of the magyar army and before this video, I never heard about this battle, for this I thank you HistoryMarche !
It is unfortunate however that we know so few about it. Historians and archeologists are still debating where the battle even took place. Not to mention the numbers on either side. I've heard this battle told with 100K bavarian and 40K Hungarian. As well as 10K Hungarians against 40K bavarians. It is very unfortunate. SInce this was the defining and decicing victory wich made it clear that the Hungarians are here to stay. It is also unfortunate we don't know how Árpád died. It is speculated he and 3 of his sons who took part in the battle died or were mortally wounded and died shortly after.
@@vadfarkas14 Well, lets be honest, this battle took place in the "Dark Age" and its not surprising to so few evidence or source left behind, its true to almost all battle fought in this era (except the Viking battles, their had the habit to record their own bravery and stories with Saga's after all and those saga's got recorded pretty quickly).
Crossing rivers was much faster and effective with lightly armored riders, that was already a forgotten feature in the Frank ranks. I'd say thoroughly planned actions (intelligence data, logistics) not luck.
Peter Farkas that is and will always be the problem about this era of history unfortunatly. But we do know a few things, the most important is that the magyars won against seemingly all odds and that Arpad was a very capable commander !
Oh my god this map is gorgeous. With all these forests, fields and mountains, it really gives an idea about how big Europe is. Beautiful! Also great video, keep up the good work!
Wow, that's quite a feat of Hungarian planning, logistics, communication,leadership, bravery... imagine doing that today without radio, satellite, GPS links, even those on the winning side wouldn't really know what's going on just a few hundred meters away. We get used to well designed maps to explain the battle, but it must have been really chaotic and scary on the ground. Great video.
As what he mentioned the hungarians knew their movement and the terrain through information gathering aside of that the frank leaders are plain idiot they should aware that mountainous and many forest terrain is potential for ambushes. For me they just go straight ahead without real plan.
@Bill William The leading dynasty supposedly did, at least our chronicles say so. What´s genetically proven is that around 30% of the conquering Hungarians had East-Asian DNA.
@@sdsd2e2321 Actually, there was. On the summer of 907 A.D. king Luis (the child) - certainly under the influence of his "advisors" - really gave the order "Ugros eliminados esse" - "we hereby order the Hungarians to be eliminated"... I think there should be a photo of the ancient document on wikipedia too, but I'm not sure about that.
@Bill William The magyars were a multi layered society. What we know today as hungarian language was the language of the middle class, this was the most numerous one, this is why it remained as the dominant language. The leader class however were a different thing, having some hunnic genes, but their exact ethnicity is still debated.
You forgot the last battle in Ennsburg, when other 10k army of Luis the child met the Hungarians and lost. Luis ran to Regensburg. Luis built a new army , but it lost again in 910. Maybe the battle after Árpáds die, under his son Zolta, and the chieftains were Dursac and Bogát.
Thanks for making this video. I am Hungarian and many people here in Hungary do not know this glorious victory, which is why we Hungarians can be here in Europe and speak our language. Thanks again. (Incidentally, in the US, the tactics of the Battle of Bratislava are a batch in military colleges)
WOW. That encirclement was a thing of absolute beauty. My God. To have 4 separate parts to come together like that so perfectly.. a thing of military genius.
The strength of this channel is that it covers battles that aren't covered anywhere else on youtube. This allows the audience to not know the outcome until the very end. Wonderful please keep up the good work and keep covering these amazing "lost" battles
Árpád had 5 sons. The oldest Liüntika was assasinated by the east franconian in 904. The 2nd Tarkacsu, the 3rd Jelek and the 4th Jutocsa sons of Árpád died in this battle. Árpád died in or shortly after the battle. He was old and had poor health. His youngest son Zolta was still teenager and he did not take part in the battle for safety reasons and he followed Árpád as the ruler of Hungary.
@Dan Gurău That's right, but if you observe what successful leaders did, like Napoleon, Hannibal, Khalid Ibn Alwalid, Subutai and Gengis Khan ect . , there first weapon is intelligence and rapid movement based on that intelligence. Scouting almost always is there key to victory as well as to avoid defeat, it's their most important tool to decide when and where to attack or to retreat.
Second part of the battle wasn't told. When the German armies were defeated at Pozsony (Pressburg), Hungarians have chased the reminder of the fleeing Germans all the way back to Ennsburg, where king Luis the child was residing in "relative safety" behind the protection of 10k strong German elite troops, waiting for "the good news", instead of the good news he sow fleeing Germans and the chasing Hungarian army. Hungarians were so quick perusing the Germans that Luis the child hardly had enough time to organist the 10k strong rested German troops into battle formation around Ennsburg. ...and yes, you have guest it right, the 5k strong Hungarian chasing party smashed the 10k rested German troops. Luis the child left the battlefield before the battle started, fearing for his life, ran all the way to North Germany. Hi spent the rest of his life there, never dared to visit southern Germany ever again.(Bavaria)
"Hungarians suddenly started to quickly retreat." Me: That's weird, although steppe tribes had specific battle tactic. "They sporadically attacked, but mostly ran away and Bavarian infantry couldn't keep up. Any sence of command was lost." Me: That sounds like a ... "... but 13 000 soldiers were hiding in the woods around them." Me: It's a trap!
That whole bit I sensed it was a trap, because it said things like ‘seemingly they were getting tired’ and ‘they believed this 7,000 men was the whole enemy army’
@@Hgulix62 No, the most effective tactic in history is to befriend countries behind your enemy that will attack when you are attacked. Feigned retreats stop working after you've experienced them, backstabs work forever. "Et tu, Brute?"
Please, please make a video about the Hungarian king, Matthias I, and the Black Army (largest standing army in Europe at the time); his battles against the Ottomans or his capturing of Vienna and Austria. His story is fascinating.Or one about his father, John Hunyadi and the 1456 Siege of Belgrade. Thank you.
Which one of the three battles total? Capturing a castle in winter? Interrupting a siege of a strategically important castle? Or defending against a small invasion?
When Cannae meets carrhae ..... Never heard of this battle ,but its a true masterpiece. Good job hungarians, if this arpad was arround in 1241 , subutai would've had a hard time ......
I'd rather say if it wasn't for the retarded Hungarian nobility that fucked over the Cumans. Cumans would've fought with the King in the battle of Muhi and we woul've been able to win. *sigh* Hungarian nobles.
Congratulation, nicely done. I would like to draw your attention to the continuation of the story. After the crushing defeat at Pressburg in 907, Luis the Child planned another attack on Hungary in 910. Hungarian have learned of he's plans, and delivered a preventative strike on Luis the Child's armies in Bavaria on 12 June 910 and on 22 June 910, (battle of Augsburg and battle of Rednitz). 2nd Battle Rednitz: We do not know about the strength of the two armies before the battle, but knowing the fact that at least three (Franconia, Lotharingia, Bavaria) if not four (Saxonia) East Francian duchies took part in the battle, and the army was led by a duke and a count, we can presume that the German army was bigger than the Hungarians, who before this battle had to fight another battle at Augsburg with the Swabian army of the German king Louis the Child, which, although was a victory, could cause them some losses too. Nevertheless, the German army was heavily defeated. In the battle of Pressburg 907, in battle of Augsburg 910 and in battle of Rednitz 910, much of Germany's military power was annihilated. After the battle, the German king Louis the Child, together with the Swabian, Frankish, Bavarian, and Saxonian dukes, accepted to pay tribute to the Hungarian state. After 4 years (907-910) of heavy defeats (Pressburg, Eisenach, Augsburg, Rednitz) from the hands of the Hungarian mounted archers, every of which resulting with the annihilation of the armies (this causing a "shortage" in soldiers to the Germans), and the deaths of the German commanders (among them princes, dukes, counts, margraves, bishops, archbishops), the German kings (Conrad I of Germany, Henry the Fowler) and other political leaders, decided not to fight again in an open field with the obviously tactically superior Magyars, fearing to have the same fate of their predecessors, but they retreated in their castles and walled towns (knowing that the Hungarians are not very skilled in sieges, because they have no siege equipments), waiting until they left their countries filled with spoils. It is interesting to know that not only the Germans who shared borders with the Hungarians chose not to fight with them (for example in 924 the German king Henry the Fowler retreated in his castle of Werla, instead of defending his duchy with fight, when hearing that the Hungarians crossed Saxony's borders, and started to plunder his realm), but also the French too, for example in 919, when the Hungarians invaded Lotharingia and France, the king Charles the Simple wanted to gather the forces of his kingdom against them, only the archbishop of Reims appeared from the nobles of the whole kingdom, who obviously hearing about the risks of a battle with the archers from the Carpathian Basin from the news which came from Germany, decided not to participate in a war against them, so the king withdrawed together with his 1500 soldiers, letting the Magyars to pillage his country. Because the fear of the European political and military leaders of the encounter with the Hungarians, after the years until 910, when in only four years (907-910) occurred four major battles (Battle of Pressburg in 907, Battle of Eisenach in 908, Battle of Augsburg in 910 and Battle of Rednitz), between 910 and 933 just two major battles took place between the Hungarians and their enemies: in 913 the Battle of Inn (a Bavarian-Swabian victory), and in 919 the Battle of Püchen (the Hungarians defeated the German king Henry the Fowler). Another "tactic" used by the German kings and dukes between 910 and 933, was to pay off by tribute the peace within their borders.This inefficiency and fear of the European armies to fight against the Hungarians made possible for the latter to extend their raids into Western Europe: France, Burgundy and even northern Spain, and in the Balkans to Constantinople and Greek peninsula! These battles are a great continuation of the story (battle of Pressburg), it would be much appreciated if you could make a documentary of it.
Indeed. People often underestimate feigned retreat and ambushes because it's often forgotten that these maneuvers are A) incredibly complex and B) executed across vast areas of land. For instance, the distance between the two Bavarian camps was around 10km, and Dietmar's contingent chased the Hungarians for a better part of the day along a similar distance. So, in a time before electronic communication, the Hungarians managed to coordinate their maneuvers to surround a much bigger army AND, most importantly, stay undetected. In my book, feigned retreat + ambush is a work of art.
Being armored head to toe and seeing an enemy, lighting fast on horseback, able to shoot, fight and ride skillfully, and also daringly lightly armored as if taunting death itself, must be intimidating
I had no idea of this battle, and its safe to say its quite jawdropping. Next to the saying "never underestimate your opponent" there should be an * reffering to this battle. What a giant mess from the oposition. Now that being said, the hungarians took full advantage of that. Its just amazing, and a really good battle that i did not expect to witness when I opened this vid. Thanks for all your work, cheers from Transilvania!
Guess what! In 1000AD Hungary turned into a christian kingdom and Prince Géza asked Bavarian priests and knights to settle in Hungary, he also asked the hand of Princess Gizella (daughter of Henrik II) in marriage for his son István, our first christian king. So she was our first christian Queen.
Brave Hungarian brothers, i always like and proud Hungarian History from steppe to Pannonia, and also Avars, Pechenegs, Cumans all proud, greetings from Turkey !
They are magyars and they were central asian. They dont have any relations with modern day hungarians. Modern hungarians are european/balkan people who took identity of magyars but their dna are different.
What a smackdown. That's one of the biggest battle upsets I've ever heard of... Outnumbered over 2 to 1, they get 60k kills and virtually no losses on their side.. Why in the hell did they disregard the Hungarians so blatantly? Just because of their numerical advantage? I bet they didn't do that again.. Seems like losses like that could almost collapse a nation.
I think that in the first battle they suffered considerable casualties (this is when some historians claim that Arpad and his sons might had died), becuase they completely encircled the enemy, preventing them the bonus of slaughter them while they retreat. Althrought it might had been a good decision, as the last thing they wanted was some of them to survive and alert the other camp.
"I bet they didn't do that again.. " No, not really. Germans didn't attack Hungary in the next 100-150 years. This is the reason, why Szekler peoples living in Transylvania today. They were border-guards on the western-Hungarian borders, but after this victory, the western borders don't have to be protected, and the king resettled them on the eastern-borders... So there were other significant consequences of the battle.
Actually, they did it again 1051 at the Battle of Mt. Vértes. Same odds, hungarian win. But that time the king and his brother showed mercy to the encircled germans. They gave food supplies and wine to the hungry germans after their emperor vowed, that nor him, nor his heirs should ever dare to attack on Hungary again. If any would do, curse on him and his family. Some of the germans ate and drank till death, the rest dropped their armor ("vért" in hungarian, "Vértes hegy" means - "armored mountain") and ran back to the Holy-Roman Empire.
Indeed. Not only that, but some historians suggest that the Hungarians were led by a brilliant commander who's name has been lost over time, and there are hypothesis that the Hungarian military domination was largely thanks to him. Allegedly, this commander put great emphasis on psychological warfare, much like Hannibal.
@Johnson Adam Maybe, maybe not. The dual-princeship is a widely-theorized hypothesis for Magyars, however the sources are so scarce, most modern historians can't accept as facts.
Oooh an early Hungarian history video, very nice. No one seems to cover this era, and considering that they were a massive raiding powerhouse, this will be nice.
@@anderstopansson So long story short: Hunor and Magor was two brothers and for some reason their are separated from each other - im not sure why, i never dived deep into legends like this (maybe some kind of rivalry was the reason, you should definetly look into it if you want to know more about what the legend say itself) - this two brother became later the founder of the Huns (By Hunor) and the Magyars (By Magor). This legend is written down in the Gesta Hungarorum ("The deeds of the Hungarians" - its one of the oldest codex made in Hungary, it was made by the order of a descendant of Árpád to strengthen the House Árpád's prestige as ruling dynasty). So, the legend itself bound the magyars to the Huns and as a matter of fact no one still can completely debunk this theory since even the origin of Hungarians are just as much an enigma on its own - i mean its still an ongoing cultural-political and scientific debate (the origin of Hungarians). Personally im confident to say the Hungarians and Huns have something to do with each other (but more like we had some interaction with them and influenced by each other - im unsure about the theory about Huns and Hungarians being the same culture)
Hungarians and Bulgars lived together in the Onogur Bulgar state of Khan Kouvrat (Kurt in Hungarian = bugle, coming from Turkic “wolf” - the bugle makes the sound of the wolf). When Kurt’s sons started fighting each other, Besmer likely called on the Khazars for help but ended up becoming their vassal after the victory. Asparuk lead his tribe towards Byzantium and expected to be granted refuge because his father and grandfather had been loyal Byzantine allies but he was refused, this lead to the establishment of Danube Bulgaria by force. Kouber (Kover in Hungarian = fat) lead many Onugors into the land of the Avars which had been subordinate to his father Kurt. Here he tried to dominate the Avar Kagan but was defeated and fled with his personal tribe, the originally Gokturk Choban tribe, direct descendants of Huns. He was permitted to settle in Byzantium (today’s North Macedonia) but he left a majority of the Onugors he brought with him in Avaria under the rule of the Avars. These people are our ancestors - Hungarians. Later in the 790’s AD, a civil war broke out between the Avar Kagan and the second in command called the Yugurus (Jogaros in Hungarian = “he who holds the cepter” = law giver). Historians are now pretty sure this was a war between the Avars and the Hungarians and both sides lost - to be more accurate, the Franks and the Bulgarians won. The Tudun of the Western Avar lands surrendered to the Franks and converted to Christianity. He was granted the title CANASAVCI (in Latin) by Charlemagne - clearly this title is either Kan-izsa-bacsi or Kana-szabolcs in Hungarian = Cana Subigi in old Bulgar = Kniazovich in Slavic. At the same time a mysterious foreigner takes over the throne of Danube Bulgaria, Khan Krum (Korom in Hungarian = soot/charcoal/black) is said to come from Pannonia and is very likely descended from Kurt. He follows in the footsteps of other great Danube Bulgarian khans like Tervel (literally means “he is planning” in Hungarian) and Kardam ( means “”my sword” in Hungarian). Almost like magic, the territory of Danube Bulgaria expands greatly to include the Carpathian Basin East of the Danube - it’s obvious Korom was simply unifying the two realms after the fall of the Avar elites. He swept the remaining Avars out in 805 AD and reunited the Onogurs and Bulgars. He brought a new policy of ethnic integration to Bulgaria where Bulgars and Slavs were encouraged to mix from then on. Perhaps he was trying to avoid the interethnic strife that destroyed the Avar Khaganate (which seemingly practiced segregation) to make sure his own dynasty will stay in power. He invaded Thrace and other Byzantine regions, capturing many many prisoners who he resettled North of the Danube to act as human shields to protect against those Hungarians who were his enemies and fled the former Avar lands (now ruled by Korom) to live in Moldova and Ukraine under Khazar rule. Unfortunately the captured settlers thrived North of the Danube and gave rise to Romanians. Bulgaria would do pretty well until the 880’s or 890’s when those Hungarians living in the Ukraine/Moldova formed a new tribal union with some Bashkir Turkic tribes which just arrived in the region from the lands to the S.E. of Volga Bulgaria. This alliance called itself Hetumoger (Hungarian for Seven Magyars). They were determined to recapture the Carpathian Basin from the Bulgars, Franks and Moravians which they accomplished in the 890’s and early 900’s. They labeled the Hungarians they found still living here as Szekely (“locals” in old Hungarian). I hope this was enlightening for you.
Note on hungarian side: Before the Hungarian Kingdom (founded in 1000 AD), by standard there were 3 leaders of the hungarian tribe-alliance: "Kende"/"Kündü": sacred king, religious leader - in 907 AD it was "Árpád" "Gyula": secular leader, commander of the army ("vezér"/"chief") - until 904 AD it was "Kurszán" (in some chronicles he appears as "Kusan" or "Kusán") "Harka/Horka": "chief judge", also chief of non-hungarian tribes, and commander of the army - "Bogát"* As "kende" never leads armies, it's pretty sure Árpád was not in command at this battle. Then who leaded them? According to Aventinus' Bavarian Annals chapter IV. 21. (SW657659, Cat. font. I. 346-347.) the hungarians at those times have chosen two kings, Dursak and Bogat ("Durszák", "Bogát"). They also appear in Bavarian Annals IV. 139. (SW256257) which says that they were chosen when Luis the child was emperor. * Bogát was grandfather of "Bölcs" (aka. Bulcsú) who was harka, just as his father "Kál", most likely Durszák was gyula and Bogát was harka. Hungarian losses - number of casulties unknown, however it is known, that Árpád lost 4 of his sons in this battle. We know that Bogát lived when Zolta (son and heir of Árpád) reigned (from 907 AD), and Durszák appears later in chronicles regarding italian battles (in some western chronicles on name "Busak/Busák"), so both of them survived.
60k losses in a single battle... During the early Middle Ages?! Are these numbers real?! I mean... we're talking about a time and places where amassing a force of 10k could be addressed as a high commited invasion force. And this was not even a coalition, but a single region from the south of East Francia.
There definitely will be. In fact, I'm planning to include the Battle of Kosovo, 1389 in the next voting poll on my Patreon page, where my patrons vote for which topic will be produced. So if Kosovo wins, then we'll be doing another Balkan topic. But, aside from that, I am planning the Battle of Sisak, which is a very interesting battle.
Once again, TOP NOTCH vid !! Id like to comment on your attenion to detail........ crickets & rooster in the background are always a nice touch, but the butcher knife to the face on the banner was the best !! HM still my fav & thank you sir !!
Tri-Racial With Phimosis not really. the hungarians were pretty numorous, and most of them were soldiers. bavaria/francia gathering those numbers are nore suspicious, but considering the numbers in the crusades 2 centuries later, itis not unlikely. i think you are conflating numbers from the 14th century, after the black death.
@@louiscyfer6944 "Most of them were soldiers". That statement makes no sense whatsoever. No matter how militaristic your society is, there will always be many more civilians than soldiers.
A good (disciplined) feigned retreat worked most of the time against "western" armies during middle ages. Steppe warriors often pulled this off due to being lightly armored and having horses underneath. They could harass the enemy to perfection even while retreating. - Huns used this against Romans - Magyars against Franks - Turks (Seljuks) used against Eastern Romans - Mongols against Rus, Magyars and Polish (this was after the Magyars had lost the steppe tactics and started using heavier units) The only thing that horse archers were ineffective against were longbowmen and crossbowman. These units outranged horse archers and had better accuracy due to being on foot.
Afaik the river Enns has remained an important part of Hungarian culture. Our folk tales often refer to faraway kingdoms being over the Óperencia. A word which according to one theory may very well be a bastardization of the (possibly itself gramitcally incorrect) German expression "ober Enns" meaning over or above the Enns. Understandable since for a long time the river Enns has represented the boundary over which the "strange" settled peoples of the west lived.
Cant stop loving this channel. Ever war in so much details.. you just cant stop watching the same battle countless times.. please do the battles between the Arabs and the Persians. Also do the Mongols
Oh yes, Cannae is next in the series. But it will be a big project, so I can't plan any dates just yet. That said I hope to finish the video in a month or two.
Why is Szombathely north of Danube on the map? Was that supposed to be todays city of Trnava? EDIT: So the name of the settlement what is today city of Trnava was Szombat. Also today Szombathely is name of the city in Hungary. Therefore the confusion.
@@Szalontudo1986 Well that is the name of Trnava in these days. In before year 900 names such as "Holy" were not used...and definitely not by Magyars...
the first mention of Nagyszombat/Trnava is Zombathel from 13th century. But not in 10th century, when it were not a significant city like for example Nitra
@@rooby30 Nagyszombat means BIG Saturday, not Holy, he was not correct. anyway, i dont think we got the Subota word from slavs in this early stage. Subota=Szombat is the same. Most likely it refers to the markets, what are held on Saturdays. But we did not have too much market saturdays around 900 :D
Could you do the Battle of Lechfeld next? It took place only a few years after this battle in 910 AD and this time Louis the Child himself led an army against the Hungarians, and just like in Pressburg the Frankish/German army was annihilated with virtually the same tactics as before, with horse archer harassment, feigned retreat and attacking without warning from hidden wooded areas.
As always, incredible content Mago! And somewhat content because I'm doing a video on the rise of the Carolingians next - love seeing more Frankish stuff
A pozsonyi csatát mindenképpen meg kellett nyerni hiszen magyarságunk népünk léte ezen mullott , ebben a csatában az egyesitett európai sereget gyöztükle, aki ismeri pontos történelmünket multunkat, az tisztelettel viseltetik népünkkel szemben, vendégszeretö, igazságos , és leleményestudása, misem bizonyitja ezt jobban mint a magyar világhirrességek, és tudósaik!
@@HistoryMarche Ja i dalje ne mogu da verujem da ste nasi jebote. Svaka cast na snimcima inace, ne postoji kvalitetniji kanal za istoriju na YT, i pozdrav!
Wow amazing credit to the Hungarian soldiers this is no ordinary feat Hannibal would be proud. I like seeing arrogant armies get humiliated by their more humble contemporaries. Good job for this video History Marche for this video 👍
@@HistoryMarche The funny thing with this battle is that it was totally forgot by the Hungarians. No Hungarian chronicle speaks about it. Why? Good question. Maybe the new Christian lords and clergy wanted to forget about the invasions of the pagan Hungarians against the Christian Europe. Because in the Hungarian chronicles also the Hungarian campaigns were almost totally forgotten. Instead of this, the Hungarian chroniclers, like Anonymus invented stories of the conquest which never happened. Then to speak about the invasions of the Pagan Hungarians against the Christian Europe was not politically correct... The battle of Pressburg was discovered only when the German chronicles and archives were started to be studied. Only 1100 years after the battle, around 2000 the Hungarian historians and public opinion started to learn about this battle of crucial importance of the existence of the Hungarian people. The research of the Hungarian history and mostly its glorious events, was hindered during the Habsburg times and then by the Communist regime. Maybe this also played a role in the late discovery of this battle.
The thing is that the Franks based their campaign on the actions of Charlemagne against the avars. They failed to consider the Hungarians would react differently. Or that the Hungarians had a pact to defend each other if one tribe was attacked.
HistoryMarche I check your channel everyday hoping to find a new video and after watching your new video I just want more and more because I'm tired of watching other boring stuff on UA-cam then routinely I would go to historymarch channel, scroll down and watch some videos again so keep myself busy until a new video comes up that's how desperate I'm for ur videos. I will support ur channel after making visa card as I'm slightly underage to qualify for the card to support ur channel becx I want more of your content. For now all I can say is I watched kings and generals, bazbattles non of them matches your content.
very awesome vid. Definitely subscribing!!! and thumbs up! This proved more interesting while eating my morning breakfast than the vast majority of other things I happen to watch or read. I gotta remember to do this again sometime XD
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Admin was Arpad Dynasty Onogur origin?
Flamming arrows are hisorically innacurate. Wake up guys this is not hollywood.
Also the arrows sound effect is soooo fvcking annoying
The map is unfortunately not correct, the settlement east of Pressburg (Pozsony/Bratislava) is Nagyszombat/Trnava instead of Szombathely. Szombathely/Savaria lies roughly 100 km south of Wien.
Love the videos HistoryMarche. I did notice an error: the shape of the Danube visible at 8:00 contains elements that were altered by human engineering after the events in the battle.
The polygonal shapes in the river to the East of Pressburge are ship building and maintenance facilities near the modern city now named Bratislava. These elements are visible in google earth: www.google.com/maps/@48.1349842,17.1392461,14z.
I know that this is a minor error in a very good video and you probably make the maps based off of google earth. I just thought I would bring this to your attention.
This is the reason why horse archers are banned from multiplayer in total war games.
rofl
@Nobody Jones Until they start bringing up siege engines
middle age european: mongol should be banned
lol they aren't in shogun 2, but it is a funny joke.
RoastingPotPieMonkey Thats partly because they’re kind of trash in Shogun.
Just imagine. After an exhausting battle you have to swim across a river in a total silence to fight another battle at dawn. How could they swim with such huge balls. Respect!
I was thinking about it the whole time. And don't forget, they travelled about 300 km before the battle on bad roads.
Now imagine, how these horse archers attack...from the sea! Did that in Venice.
"It's impossible" was for them like "Oh, really? Hold my pálinka!" :D
Balls float apparently.
This is one of the reasons why the movements of the Hungarians at the West Point Academy are still a curriculum ...
Don't forget that they had to hold the bows above they heads so the water don't reach the strings and the body.
You can't fire with wet strings and it's harder to aim with a wet and slipperi bow.
The most important thing, which is overlooked by most people, is that the early Hungarian horse archers were so effective, because they were not soldiers. Most of them were warriors or shepherds. According to sources they learnt how to ride the horse in their early childhood, even before they could walk. Archaeologic evidences proves that they started to train with the bow as soon they were old enough to hold it. Basically they launched campaigns against the Western and Eastern countries every year, so they were quite experienced in fighting. They operated in smaller tactical units, the members were bonded together by countless battles. They had a lot of horses, so they could swap to fresh horses several times during a battle.
Their way of life made them such good warriors and gave them an advantage individually over settled people. But settled people had numbers and fortifications while steppe people very rarely formed stable tribal confederations.
most of those claims sound like bs tbh but cool story
@@combatantezoteric2965 Which claims do you mean exactly?
same goes for ottoman cavalry by the way. most of the cavalry units were from anatolia and rumelia and they were Turkish Shepherds-Nomads.
@@ItsCoyote *learning to ride a horse before learning to walk* I can't imagine a baby riding a horse.
We are so used hearing again and again about very well known battles like Mohacs, Tannenberg, Kossovopolje, but battles like this go unnoticed. And what a battle, what superior command of steppe military tactics, what boldness to even dare to do such things. Astonishing battle!
Greetings from Romania!
SAME TACTICS WERE USED BY PARTHIANS 53 BC AT CARRHAE WHEN CRASSUS AND SONS PLUS ALL ROMAN ARMY TRIED TO BEAT THEM
and battle of kalka river
lovely to see our neighbors show some enthusiasm for our history, greetings and all the best :)
Fun fact, you'd never learn about it in history class in hungarian schools.
Also since hungarians were worked as sellswords for multiple empire in europe they knew how those troopes function what their tactics are etc. which helped a lot in forming a plan to defeat them
I really love the fact that the raiding parties applied uneven pressure on the two marching sides causing them to separate. Perfect example of divide and conquer.
Exactly, it's quite amazing how they coordinated their attacks.
Majority of the credit goes to the Bavarian leaders, who seem to forget the principle of hugging a river, is to HUG THE F****N RIVER. But then again, it's a common theme of the middle ages to see the knights get lured by horse archers, again and again and again, undisciplined bunch of rabbles.
@@nomooon I suspect there is more to that. I have been a guide on the river cruise ship and travelled that way several times. You cannot just follow the river all the time, especially when you march 20 000 people including heavy armoured units, because there is no highway along the river banks. So, you walk in a certain distance from the river, you don't necessarily see it at all and then you are annoyed by arrows out of the blue.
Of course, the river bed changed its course in some places since but the issues are the same.
*And yes, later, in some places in Europe "highways" emerged along the river banks.
@@PiotrDzialak that is great insight.
How many millions of times have horse troops faked a retreat? How often does the other side fall for it? (Everytime)
to be fair, this was before them Mongols and Seljuks, so only the Parthaians and Huns would have pulled it off against a European nation.
Ironically, the Mongols successfully faint retreated the Hungarian army and the battle of Mohi is almost identical to their second battle in this video, with the mongols crossing the Danube at night and raining arrows over the Hungarian camp.
Thats because no one lived to tell the tale and allow others to learn from their mistakes
Feigned retreats are misunderstood. I can tell you, for example, that I will attack your flank and functionally there is nothing you can do to stop that. When a more mobile army retreated you had two options: 1) Stay put 2) Follow. If you stayed put that "retreating army" will continue to rampage through your lands.
@@RTWPimpmachine also in the midst of battle, adrenaline is pumping n many go into sort of berserk state, it's hard to control people when they are fighting for their lives.
Hungarians were masters of this type of warfare. Pitched battles, not so much.
Defeat in detail so greatly done, even Napoleon would have been impressed.
Agreed.
Yo @@HistoryMarche , my man, please make a video on Napoleon's battle of Castiglione.
When the besiegers of Mantua appear out nowhere behind Wurmzer's left, I always imagine Napoleon going like : "Don't you love it when a plan comes together."
I know it wasn't a very thoroughly successful battle, but Napoleon did inflict a crushing defeat on Austrians.
This is my favorite battle in the Italian campaign.
For a few reasons:
+Some weeks before Castiglione Napoleon faced an enemy twice his size.
+The Austrians decided to devide their army into two and these would converge at Napoleon. Napoleon couldn't lift the seige of Mantua as then that would expose his twenty-five thousand army's rear to twelve thousand Austrians in Mantua.
+ But he did it, he employed the strategy of defeat in detail so beautifully that within a few days, the Austrians had to prepare a whole new army to fight Napoleon.
Well said sir
Very similar to the tactics used by Hannibal during the battle of Trebia.
@@mehdibc5852 and Cannae
Arpad: Hit and Run
Dietmar : Hit and rush
Luitpold: Hide and Rest
Arpad has died before Bayer attack..in this time his minor son "Zolta" was the sacralic leader ( "kende" ) of hungarian tribes...
@@greenenergy1076 No proof of Árpád's death before the battle.According to hungarian tradition he died after it.
Luitpold: How dare you ?!
@@petertuba7603 Hungarian tradition does not mention this battle at all. The reason why historians thing he died after the battle, is because he disappears from the sources afte 907.
Árpád was like Dalai Lama, he didnt fight.
I often saw this strategy deployed by raiders countries, and we saw it on this channel with the battle of Andrinople. But THIS, this is another level. Wiping out two armies plus a fleet with a third of the ennemy strengh is an unprescendented accomplishement, I am deeply impressed before the sheer discipline and luck of the magyar army and before this video, I never heard about this battle, for this I thank you HistoryMarche !
It is unfortunate however that we know so few about it. Historians and archeologists are still debating where the battle even took place. Not to mention the numbers on either side. I've heard this battle told with 100K bavarian and 40K Hungarian. As well as 10K Hungarians against 40K bavarians. It is very unfortunate. SInce this was the defining and decicing victory wich made it clear that the Hungarians are here to stay. It is also unfortunate we don't know how Árpád died. It is speculated he and 3 of his sons who took part in the battle died or were mortally wounded and died shortly after.
@@vadfarkas14 Well, lets be honest, this battle took place in the "Dark Age" and its not surprising to so few evidence or source left behind, its true to almost all battle fought in this era (except the Viking battles, their had the habit to record their own bravery and stories with Saga's after all and those saga's got recorded pretty quickly).
Crossing rivers was much faster and effective with lightly armored riders, that was already a forgotten feature in the Frank ranks. I'd say thoroughly planned actions (intelligence data, logistics) not luck.
Katona Ákos I am well aware of that but i think that no battle can be fought and won without a bit of luck
Peter Farkas that is and will always be the problem about this era of history unfortunatly. But we do know a few things, the most important is that the magyars won against seemingly all odds and that Arpad was a very capable commander !
Oh my god this map is gorgeous.
With all these forests, fields and mountains, it really gives an idea about how big Europe is.
Beautiful!
Also great video, keep up the good work!
That's very kind of you. A lot of work, months of work, went into it, so it is quite rewarding to see that people like it.
Really liked the animation of the arrows - you showed their trajectory and all. Nice!
Cheers my friend. Glad you liked those. It's actually one of my earliest animations haha. Haven't changed them since.
Köszönjük HistoryMarche :)
Kár, hogy Szombathely a Felvidéken van!
@@pmiki Az a kár, hogy Nagyszombat Szlovákia része...
@@szalard az nagy kár, de a kettő nem ugyan az......
Mit köszönsz neki? Hogy zöldségeket hord össze?
@@erikakatona4356 Bocsi, de tisztán emlékszem, hogy iskolában 6. osztályban is így tanultuk, csak kevésbé részletesen.
Only if we had commanders like them back in 1500s.... thank you for the video! Cheers from Hungary!!
Thank you for watching.
Hello from Poland! I agree!
Wow, that's quite a feat of Hungarian planning, logistics, communication,leadership, bravery... imagine doing that today without radio, satellite, GPS links, even those on the winning side wouldn't really know what's going on just a few hundred meters away. We get used to well designed maps to explain the battle, but it must have been really chaotic and scary on the ground. Great video.
As what he mentioned the hungarians knew their movement and the terrain through information gathering aside of that the frank leaders are plain idiot they should aware that mountainous and many forest terrain is potential for ambushes. For me they just go straight ahead without real plan.
@Johnson Adam Yeah right. Hungarians invaded german lands and they fought back. There was no genocidal plans you dolt.
@Bill William The leading dynasty supposedly did, at least our chronicles say so. What´s genetically proven is that around 30% of the conquering Hungarians had East-Asian DNA.
@@sdsd2e2321 Actually, there was. On the summer of 907 A.D. king Luis (the child) - certainly under the influence of his "advisors" - really gave the order "Ugros eliminados esse" - "we hereby order the Hungarians to be eliminated"... I think there should be a photo of the ancient document on wikipedia too, but I'm not sure about that.
@Bill William The magyars were a multi layered society. What we know today as hungarian language was the language of the middle class, this was the most numerous one, this is why it remained as the dominant language. The leader class however were a different thing, having some hunnic genes, but their exact ethnicity is still debated.
You forgot the last battle in Ennsburg, when other 10k army of Luis the child met the Hungarians and lost. Luis ran to Regensburg. Luis built a new army , but it lost again in 910. Maybe the battle after Árpáds die, under his son Zolta, and the chieftains were Dursac and Bogát.
Nézem a műsoraid, nagyon jók. Erről lehetne egy magyar fordítást készíteni. Bár tudom nem a műfajod a szinkronizálás, de megköszönném.
"More than a hundred years would pass before a Western army would dare enter hungarian territory again..." - that tells everything.
Damn what fantastic victories for the Hungarians in 907 respect.
Indeed. It was. A complete massacre.
Thanks for making this video. I am Hungarian and many people here in Hungary do not know this glorious victory, which is why we Hungarians can be here in Europe and speak our language. Thanks again. (Incidentally, in the US, the tactics of the Battle of Bratislava are a batch in military colleges)
That's an urban legend, no valid source claim that.
@Szabolcs Enyedi
Every source claims that except those few fanatical History rewritters in what is today known as Hungary. 🥳
In America, this is one of the first battles we learn about in school.
mar harmadik osztalyba tanultuk, a buvar kund tortenetehez kapcsolodoan.
WOW. That encirclement was a thing of absolute beauty. My God. To have 4 separate parts to come together like that so perfectly.. a thing of military genius.
Incredibly accurate and detailed battle of Hungarian history. Good job HistoryMarche! It's really a quality work you've done here!
Thank you sir, I'm glad you enjoyed the video. And thank you very much for watching.
Underrated brutal victory. Eastern Francs lost their elites almost entirely. And a new European nation was declared.
@fassenkugel lmao no
@fassenkugel And Magyars were neither. Nor the Avars before them.
Good points. Not too many battles in European history have consequences so high.
@@tamaszlav So Hungarians and Avars are invaders from Mongolia?
We are the original European nation. We came back, not conquered this land by force.
The strength of this channel is that it covers battles that aren't covered anywhere else on youtube. This allows the audience to not know the outcome until the very end. Wonderful please keep up the good work and keep covering these amazing "lost" battles
Thanks for this! This, and the subsequent Hungarian invasions is a really underrated topic.
Glad you liked it!
Árpád had 5 sons. The oldest Liüntika was assasinated by the east franconian in 904. The 2nd Tarkacsu, the 3rd Jelek and the 4th Jutocsa sons of Árpád died in this battle. Árpád died in or shortly after the battle. He was old and had poor health. His youngest son Zolta was still teenager and he did not take part in the battle for safety reasons and he followed Árpád as the ruler of Hungary.
Failure or ignoring scouting the enemy is the cause of the largest casualties in battles, as well as overconfidence. Great job History Marche
@Dan Gurău
That's right, but if you observe what successful leaders did, like Napoleon, Hannibal, Khalid Ibn Alwalid, Subutai and Gengis Khan ect . , there first weapon is intelligence and rapid movement based on that intelligence. Scouting almost always is there key to victory as well as to avoid defeat, it's their most important tool to decide when and where to attack or to retreat.
@@zaidbayaty3865 in short franks have messy ranks that time.
We as Hungarians thank you for this very informative documentary about our ancestors! Keep up the great work.
Glad you enjoyed it!
and yes i´m just sore loser carried over centuries
I think that your ancestors (Gepids and Slavs remaining in the Carpathian Basin) were subdued by the Hungarians.
@@DezoCorka007 I think it was actually the other way around :D
Second part of the battle wasn't told.
When the German armies were defeated at Pozsony (Pressburg), Hungarians have chased the reminder of the fleeing Germans all the way back to Ennsburg, where king Luis the child was residing in "relative safety" behind the protection of 10k strong German elite troops, waiting for "the good news", instead of the good news he sow fleeing Germans and the chasing Hungarian army.
Hungarians were so quick perusing the Germans that Luis the child hardly had enough time to organist the 10k strong rested German troops into battle formation around Ennsburg.
...and yes, you have guest it right, the 5k strong Hungarian chasing party smashed the 10k rested German troops.
Luis the child left the battlefield before the battle started, fearing for his life, ran all the way to North Germany.
Hi spent the rest of his life there, never dared to visit southern Germany ever again.(Bavaria)
Understandable
They speak very strange down there
I love Hungary and am always interested to learn more about this wonderful country. Greetings from Albania❤
Thanks man
Hungarians support Kosovo
@@schutzanzug4518 No, we don't.
"Hungarians suddenly started to quickly retreat."
Me: That's weird, although steppe tribes had specific battle tactic.
"They sporadically attacked, but mostly ran away and Bavarian infantry couldn't keep up. Any sence of command was lost."
Me: That sounds like a ...
"... but 13 000 soldiers were hiding in the woods around them."
Me: It's a trap!
You turned into Admiral Akbar.
I that's called a pro-gamer move
@@ilyesistvan8331 Yeah a Pro Gamer move for the Bavarians.
That whole bit I sensed it was a trap, because it said things like ‘seemingly they were getting tired’ and ‘they believed this 7,000 men was the whole enemy army’
the sham run ( fake retreat ) was a typical Hungarian fighting style, with which the enemy was trapped in a pre-made trap....
Bruh I saw that feigned retreat from a mile away
*light steppe riders start retreating*
Aaa shit here we go again
This one tactic must be the most effective tactic in History of warfare alongside hammer and anvil tactic
@@Hgulix62 No, the most effective tactic in history is to befriend countries behind your enemy that will attack when you are attacked. Feigned retreats stop working after you've experienced them, backstabs work forever. "Et tu, Brute?"
@@Hgulix62 That was like never used
@@Hgulix62 best tactic in the world is to conquer countries in an economical way.
great Hungarian ancestors, greetings from Poland
Yea, murders of thousands Slavic people, trought the centuries.
Dziekujemy!
@@rom_en And the Vikings and others, why the hungarians the bad only? Yes we conqure Europe and i pride for this
@@rom_en Slavic people killed more slavic people than hungarians.
Greetings from Dacia (Romania)
Please, please make a video about the Hungarian king, Matthias I, and the Black Army (largest standing army in Europe at the time); his battles against the Ottomans or his capturing of Vienna and Austria. His story is fascinating.Or one about his father, John Hunyadi and the 1456 Siege of Belgrade. Thank you.
Which one of the three battles total?
Capturing a castle in winter?
Interrupting a siege of a strategically important castle?
Or defending against a small invasion?
When Cannae meets carrhae ..... Never heard of this battle ,but its a true masterpiece.
Good job hungarians, if this arpad was arround in 1241 , subutai would've had a hard time ......
Problem is that he would be using an army far similar to the Bavarians here
I'd rather say if it wasn't for the retarded Hungarian nobility that fucked over the Cumans. Cumans would've fought with the King in the battle of Muhi and we woul've been able to win. *sigh* Hungarian nobles.
@@vadfarkas14 Yeah. We can say Hungarians were de facto beaten by Hungarians. As usual. Just look what goes on now again....
Congratulation, nicely done.
I would like to draw your attention to the continuation of the story.
After the crushing defeat at Pressburg in 907, Luis the Child planned another attack on Hungary in 910. Hungarian have learned of he's plans, and delivered a preventative strike on Luis the Child's armies in Bavaria on 12 June 910 and on 22 June 910, (battle of Augsburg and battle of Rednitz).
2nd Battle Rednitz:
We do not know about the strength of the two armies before the battle, but knowing the fact that at least three (Franconia, Lotharingia, Bavaria) if not four (Saxonia) East Francian duchies took part in the battle, and the army was led by a duke and a count, we can presume that the German army was bigger than the Hungarians, who before this battle had to fight another battle at Augsburg with the Swabian army of the German king Louis the Child, which, although was a victory, could cause them some losses too. Nevertheless, the German army was heavily defeated.
In the battle of Pressburg 907, in battle of Augsburg 910 and in battle of Rednitz 910, much of Germany's military power was annihilated.
After the battle, the German king Louis the Child, together with the Swabian, Frankish, Bavarian, and Saxonian dukes, accepted to pay tribute to the Hungarian state.
After 4 years (907-910) of heavy defeats (Pressburg, Eisenach, Augsburg, Rednitz) from the hands of the Hungarian mounted archers, every of which resulting with the annihilation of the armies (this causing a "shortage" in soldiers to the Germans), and the deaths of the German commanders (among them princes, dukes, counts, margraves, bishops, archbishops), the German kings (Conrad I of Germany, Henry the Fowler) and other political leaders, decided not to fight again in an open field with the obviously tactically superior Magyars, fearing to have the same fate of their predecessors, but they retreated in their castles and walled towns (knowing that the Hungarians are not very skilled in sieges, because they have no siege equipments), waiting until they left their countries filled with spoils.
It is interesting to know that not only the Germans who shared borders with the Hungarians chose not to fight with them (for example in 924 the German king Henry the Fowler retreated in his castle of Werla, instead of defending his duchy with fight, when hearing that the Hungarians crossed Saxony's borders, and started to plunder his realm), but also the French too, for example in 919, when the Hungarians invaded Lotharingia and France, the king Charles the Simple wanted to gather the forces of his kingdom against them, only the archbishop of Reims appeared from the nobles of the whole kingdom, who obviously hearing about the risks of a battle with the archers from the Carpathian Basin from the news which came from Germany, decided not to participate in a
war against them, so the king withdrawed together with his 1500 soldiers, letting the Magyars to pillage his country.
Because the fear of the European political and military leaders of the encounter with the Hungarians, after the years until 910, when in only four years (907-910) occurred four major battles (Battle of Pressburg in 907, Battle of Eisenach in 908, Battle of Augsburg in 910 and Battle of Rednitz), between 910 and 933 just two major battles took place between the Hungarians and their enemies: in 913 the Battle of Inn (a Bavarian-Swabian victory), and in 919 the Battle of Püchen (the Hungarians defeated the German king Henry the Fowler).
Another "tactic" used by the German kings and dukes between 910 and 933, was to pay off by tribute the peace within their borders.This inefficiency and fear of the European armies to fight against the Hungarians made possible for the latter to extend their raids into Western Europe: France, Burgundy and even northern Spain, and in the Balkans to Constantinople and Greek peninsula!
These battles are a great continuation of the story (battle of Pressburg), it would be much appreciated if you could make a documentary of it.
Unbelievable your comment...and reach in historical details...Thanks for the lesson!
A real gem. Thank you.
Thank you for watching.
Appad just performed a hannibal 2.0 moves. Now thats decisive.
Indeed. People often underestimate feigned retreat and ambushes because it's often forgotten that these maneuvers are A) incredibly complex and B) executed across vast areas of land. For instance, the distance between the two Bavarian camps was around 10km, and Dietmar's contingent chased the Hungarians for a better part of the day along a similar distance. So, in a time before electronic communication, the Hungarians managed to coordinate their maneuvers to surround a much bigger army AND, most importantly, stay undetected. In my book, feigned retreat + ambush is a work of art.
That was a great battle video. Great strategy by the Hungarians.
Being armored head to toe and seeing an enemy, lighting fast on horseback, able to shoot, fight and ride skillfully, and also daringly lightly armored as if taunting death itself, must be intimidating
I had no idea of this battle, and its safe to say its quite jawdropping. Next to the saying "never underestimate your opponent" there should be an * reffering to this battle. What a giant mess from the oposition. Now that being said, the hungarians took full advantage of that. Its just amazing, and a really good battle that i did not expect to witness when I opened this vid. Thanks for all your work, cheers from Transilvania!
Oh yes! A great day, with HistoryMarche video!
Hope you enjoyed it!
Yikes, that didn't turn out well.
Greetings from Bavaria, none the less.
Hehe, sorry for your loss. You can't win 'em all.
Guess what! In 1000AD Hungary turned into a christian kingdom and Prince Géza asked Bavarian priests and knights to settle in Hungary, he also asked the hand of Princess Gizella (daughter of Henrik II) in marriage for his son István, our first christian king. So she was our first christian Queen.
But Bayern München won many times. ;)
@@nyisziati I wonder what football was like in those times :D
@@annoyingmajor7231 killer. 😆
Brave Hungarian brothers, i always like and proud Hungarian History from steppe to Pannonia, and also Avars, Pechenegs, Cumans all proud, greetings from Turkey !
They are magyars and they were central asian. They dont have any relations with modern day hungarians. Modern hungarians are european/balkan people who took identity of magyars but their dna are different.
@@postachamdi6286I don’t think so!
'Louis the Child'
Now that's menacing!
I hope its not because he poops his pants at every battle ...
What a smackdown. That's one of the biggest battle upsets I've ever heard of... Outnumbered over 2 to 1, they get 60k kills and virtually no losses on their side.. Why in the hell did they disregard the Hungarians so blatantly? Just because of their numerical advantage? I bet they didn't do that again.. Seems like losses like that could almost collapse a nation.
They were actually outnumbered 3:1. But yes, you're correct in that the total obliteration of the Bavarian army was a disgraceful defeat.
I think that in the first battle they suffered considerable casualties (this is when some historians claim that Arpad and his sons might had died), becuase they completely encircled the enemy, preventing them the bonus of slaughter them while they retreat. Althrought it might had been a good decision, as the last thing they wanted was some of them to survive and alert the other camp.
"I bet they didn't do that again.. "
No, not really. Germans didn't attack Hungary in the next 100-150 years. This is the reason, why Szekler peoples living in Transylvania today. They were border-guards on the western-Hungarian borders, but after this victory, the western borders don't have to be protected, and the king resettled them on the eastern-borders... So there were other significant consequences of the battle.
@@HistoryMarche Knowing the pope's directive "ungarorum eliminated esse" for Luitpold this move was justified.
Actually, they did it again 1051 at the Battle of Mt. Vértes. Same odds, hungarian win. But that time the king and his brother showed mercy to the encircled germans. They gave food supplies and wine to the hungry germans after their emperor vowed, that nor him, nor his heirs should ever dare to attack on Hungary again. If any would do, curse on him and his family. Some of the germans ate and drank till death, the rest dropped their armor ("vért" in hungarian, "Vértes hegy" means - "armored mountain") and ran back to the Holy-Roman Empire.
That is some Hannibal level precision by the Hungarian general
Indeed. Not only that, but some historians suggest that the Hungarians were led by a brilliant commander who's name has been lost over time, and there are hypothesis that the Hungarian military domination was largely thanks to him. Allegedly, this commander put great emphasis on psychological warfare, much like Hannibal.
Those sweet sweet hungarian nobles & magyar cavalries, low cost but annoyingly deadly.
@@HistoryMarche So, in other words that Hungarian commander could have been a player and this whole world is just a videogame.
@Johnson Adam Maybe, maybe not. The dual-princeship is a widely-theorized hypothesis for Magyars, however the sources are so scarce, most modern historians can't accept as facts.
@@bagasdwiseptyan this is why roman legions used shields on every side against archer attacks. In time this knowledge lost, i don't know why?
Brutal. The only "good" way to put it. Those horse archers are nothing to mess with.
Brave Hungarian brothers! Greetings from Poland!
🇭🇺🤝🇵🇱
🇭🇺
Hi, from Hungary
Pša krev Poľska
🇭🇺
Ohh yes! Early hungarian history! Your narration is excellent and clear, amazing video! Thank you for honoring the ancestors of my nation :)
Glad you enjoyed it!
Oooh an early Hungarian history video, very nice. No one seems to cover this era, and considering that they were a massive raiding powerhouse, this will be nice.
Thank you for watching.
I heard about a legend of 2 brothers, Hunyar and Magyar. Can you explain it to me?
Anders Topansson hunor and magor. that is an old legend, as the forefathers of the huns as well.
@@anderstopansson So long story short: Hunor and Magor was two brothers and for some reason their are separated from each other - im not sure why, i never dived deep into legends like this (maybe some kind of rivalry was the reason, you should definetly look into it if you want to know more about what the legend say itself) - this two brother became later the founder of the Huns (By Hunor) and the Magyars (By Magor). This legend is written down in the Gesta Hungarorum ("The deeds of the Hungarians" - its one of the oldest codex made in Hungary, it was made by the order of a descendant of Árpád to strengthen the House Árpád's prestige as ruling dynasty).
So, the legend itself bound the magyars to the Huns and as a matter of fact no one still can completely debunk this theory since even the origin of Hungarians are just as much an enigma on its own - i mean its still an ongoing cultural-political and scientific debate (the origin of Hungarians). Personally im confident to say the Hungarians and Huns have something to do with each other (but more like we had some interaction with them and influenced by each other - im unsure about the theory about Huns and Hungarians being the same culture)
@@anderstopansson en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunor_and_Magor
Just sick and terrifying at how fast every army was crushed completely. This is like hannibal times 3!!!
Great video and astounding victory. Had a nice laugh at 18:24 at the Hingarian Military typo.
Thank you sir, glad you enjoyed the video.
Greetings to all Hungarians from Bulgaria also a country with nomadic origins, i love your history |Y| |Y| |Y|
Greetings from Hungary
Hungarians and Bolgars are son of the huns and Attila. We are brothers.
Hungarians and Bulgars lived together in the Onogur Bulgar state of Khan Kouvrat (Kurt in Hungarian = bugle, coming from Turkic “wolf” - the bugle makes the sound of the wolf). When Kurt’s sons started fighting each other, Besmer likely called on the Khazars for help but ended up becoming their vassal after the victory. Asparuk lead his tribe towards Byzantium and expected to be granted refuge because his father and grandfather had been loyal Byzantine allies but he was refused, this lead to the establishment of Danube Bulgaria by force. Kouber (Kover in Hungarian = fat) lead many Onugors into the land of the Avars which had been subordinate to his father Kurt. Here he tried to dominate the Avar Kagan but was defeated and fled with his personal tribe, the originally Gokturk Choban tribe, direct descendants of Huns. He was permitted to settle in Byzantium (today’s North Macedonia) but he left a majority of the Onugors he brought with him in Avaria under the rule of the Avars. These people are our ancestors - Hungarians. Later in the 790’s AD, a civil war broke out between the Avar Kagan and the second in command called the Yugurus (Jogaros in Hungarian = “he who holds the cepter” = law giver). Historians are now pretty sure this was a war between the Avars and the Hungarians and both sides lost - to be more accurate, the Franks and the Bulgarians won. The Tudun of the Western Avar lands surrendered to the Franks and converted to Christianity. He was granted the title CANASAVCI (in Latin) by Charlemagne - clearly this title is either Kan-izsa-bacsi or Kana-szabolcs in Hungarian = Cana Subigi in old Bulgar = Kniazovich in Slavic. At the same time a mysterious foreigner takes over the throne of Danube Bulgaria, Khan Krum (Korom in Hungarian = soot/charcoal/black) is said to come from Pannonia and is very likely descended from Kurt. He follows in the footsteps of other great Danube Bulgarian khans like Tervel (literally means “he is planning” in Hungarian) and Kardam ( means “”my sword” in Hungarian). Almost like magic, the territory of Danube Bulgaria expands greatly to include the Carpathian Basin East of the Danube - it’s obvious Korom was simply unifying the two realms after the fall of the Avar elites. He swept the remaining Avars out in 805 AD and reunited the Onogurs and Bulgars. He brought a new policy of ethnic integration to Bulgaria where Bulgars and Slavs were encouraged to mix from then on. Perhaps he was trying to avoid the interethnic strife that destroyed the Avar Khaganate (which seemingly practiced segregation) to make sure his own dynasty will stay in power. He invaded Thrace and other Byzantine regions, capturing many many prisoners who he resettled North of the Danube to act as human shields to protect against those Hungarians who were his enemies and fled the former Avar lands (now ruled by Korom) to live in Moldova and Ukraine under Khazar rule. Unfortunately the captured settlers thrived North of the Danube and gave rise to Romanians. Bulgaria would do pretty well until the 880’s or 890’s when those Hungarians living in the Ukraine/Moldova formed a new tribal union with some Bashkir Turkic tribes which just arrived in the region from the lands to the S.E. of Volga Bulgaria. This alliance called itself Hetumoger (Hungarian for Seven Magyars). They were determined to recapture the Carpathian Basin from the Bulgars, Franks and Moravians which they accomplished in the 890’s and early 900’s. They labeled the Hungarians they found still living here as Szekely (“locals” in old Hungarian). I hope this was enlightening for you.
Blagodarja!
@@JM-nm3bg Way too long of a post for being so wrong. Magyars didn't cross the Volga until around 820. They never lived under Kuvrat.
Such a beuty.Time pass away.Excellent piece of video.Thanks for the great work. Your video make us entertain in lockdown. Love from Bangladesh
Thank you very much!
@@HistoryMarche you are welcome.
Note on hungarian side:
Before the Hungarian Kingdom (founded in 1000 AD), by standard there were 3 leaders of the hungarian tribe-alliance:
"Kende"/"Kündü": sacred king, religious leader - in 907 AD it was "Árpád"
"Gyula": secular leader, commander of the army ("vezér"/"chief") - until 904 AD it was "Kurszán" (in some chronicles he appears as "Kusan" or "Kusán")
"Harka/Horka": "chief judge", also chief of non-hungarian tribes, and commander of the army - "Bogát"*
As "kende" never leads armies, it's pretty sure Árpád was not in command at this battle. Then who leaded them?
According to Aventinus' Bavarian Annals chapter IV. 21. (SW657659, Cat. font. I. 346-347.) the hungarians at those times have chosen two kings, Dursak and Bogat ("Durszák", "Bogát"). They also appear in Bavarian Annals IV. 139. (SW256257) which says that they were chosen when Luis the child was emperor.
*
Bogát was grandfather of "Bölcs" (aka. Bulcsú) who was harka, just as his father "Kál", most likely Durszák was gyula and Bogát was harka.
Hungarian losses - number of casulties unknown, however it is known, that Árpád lost 4 of his sons in this battle. We know that Bogát lived when Zolta (son and heir of Árpád) reigned (from 907 AD), and Durszák appears later in chronicles regarding italian battles (in some western chronicles on name "Busak/Busák"), so both of them survived.
Every Hungarian soldiers had a horse and a bow and some melee weapon mostly sabre, the others shepherd's axe or mace.
Laszlo Arpad, the first character I played in CK 2. Totally awesome!
East franks: we don't need an alliance with Hungary
Hungary: hold my beer
rofl
I was going to write 'hold my Tokai' but people wouldn't know it in most cases.
Hold my kumisz*
Fermented horse milk that nomad Hungarians used to drink as alcohol
Especially when you have a fearsome leader like Louis the child... oh wait
@Johnson Adam - Found the nerd ☺. Thank you for the info. Mostantól ezzel okostojáskodok, ha felmerül a téma 😀.
I must compliment you on the chosen subject in this video. Production quality is superb as always.
Wow, thank you!
60k losses in a single battle... During the early Middle Ages?!
Are these numbers real?!
I mean... we're talking about a time and places where amassing a force of 10k could be addressed as a high commited invasion force. And this was not even a coalition, but a single region from the south of East Francia.
Great video! I like that you do early medieval history. Hopefully there will be something on other Balkan nations like Croatia or Bulgaria.
There definitely will be. In fact, I'm planning to include the Battle of Kosovo, 1389 in the next voting poll on my Patreon page, where my patrons vote for which topic will be produced. So if Kosovo wins, then we'll be doing another Balkan topic. But, aside from that, I am planning the Battle of Sisak, which is a very interesting battle.
"other Balkan nations" - Hungary do nothing with Balkan nations, just simple basic geographical knowledge...
And because of this I can sit in my computer and say SZÉP VOLT! / GREAT JOB! :)
Once again, TOP NOTCH vid !! Id like to comment on your attenion to detail........ crickets & rooster in the background are always a nice touch, but the butcher knife to the face on the banner was the best !! HM still my fav & thank you sir !!
Thank you sir.
Damn. To think that they literally fought all day and were still awake the next morning to burn down the ships. Some people were just born hardcore
Indeed, that kind of determination isn't often seen.
Wow a fantastisk victorie... Thx for awsome content
Glad you enjoyed it
@@HistoryMarche whats the music name at the end amazing video btw
I'm Hungarian so thank you for this great video! It is detailed and well crafted... and even I can learn from comments, a good team is here :D
Thank you very much!
Very systematically destroyed their enemy, their communications and intelligence network is amazing!
"High middle ages battle"
"50 to 60 thousand troops"
Wait a minute
@@ArielNugraha2003 like your 50000
Tri-Racial With Phimosis not really. the hungarians were pretty numorous, and most of them were soldiers. bavaria/francia gathering those numbers are nore suspicious, but considering the numbers in the crusades 2 centuries later, itis not unlikely. i think you are conflating numbers from the 14th century, after the black death.
@@louiscyfer6944 "Most of them were soldiers". That statement makes no sense whatsoever.
No matter how militaristic your society is, there will always be many more civilians than soldiers.
@@Momo14198 every man was trained in horse archery...every single one since childhood.
The numbers are unknown thus you should take the 60.000 with a grain of salt, it could just as well have been half of it or less.
Thank you! I waited so much for this
Hope you enjoyed it!
Love historymarch for free top quality content.
A good (disciplined) feigned retreat worked most of the time against "western" armies during middle ages. Steppe warriors often pulled this off due to being lightly armored and having horses underneath. They could harass the enemy to perfection even while retreating.
- Huns used this against Romans
- Magyars against Franks
- Turks (Seljuks) used against Eastern Romans
- Mongols against Rus, Magyars and Polish (this was after the Magyars had lost the steppe tactics and started using heavier units)
The only thing that horse archers were ineffective against were longbowmen and crossbowman. These units outranged horse archers and had better accuracy due to being on foot.
Afaik the river Enns has remained an important part of Hungarian culture. Our folk tales often refer to faraway kingdoms being over the Óperencia. A word which according to one theory may very well be a bastardization of the (possibly itself gramitcally incorrect) German expression "ober Enns" meaning over or above the Enns.
Understandable since for a long time the river Enns has represented the boundary over which the "strange" settled peoples of the west lived.
Cant stop loving this channel. Ever war in so much details.. you just cant stop watching the same battle countless times.. please do the battles between the Arabs and the Persians. Also do the Mongols
Also dont forget Alexander and cyrus the great
I'm actually planning an Abbasid battle and one from the Crusades.
That would be sooo wonderful.. and now I cant wait..
What a bloody trap, what a gorgeous video...Didn't know this one, excellent once again!
Glad you enjoyed it
Amazing video HM! As always
Edit: 12:03 I see you're preparing for the upcoming Cannae battle.
Oh yes, Cannae is next in the series. But it will be a big project, so I can't plan any dates just yet. That said I hope to finish the video in a month or two.
Looking forward to it i know it's gonna be epic, take your time ❤
Why is Szombathely north of Danube on the map? Was that supposed to be todays city of Trnava?
EDIT: So the name of the settlement what is today city of Trnava was Szombat. Also today Szombathely is name of the city in Hungary. Therefore the confusion.
Correctly is Nagyszombat (Holy Saturday in english) in hungarian.
@@Szalontudo1986 Well that is the name of Trnava in these days. In before year 900 names such as "Holy" were not used...and definitely not by Magyars...
the first mention of Nagyszombat/Trnava is Zombathel from 13th century. But not in 10th century, when it were not a significant city like for example Nitra
@@rooby30 Nagyszombat means BIG Saturday, not Holy, he was not correct. anyway, i dont think we got the Subota word from slavs in this early stage. Subota=Szombat is the same. Most likely it refers to the markets, what are held on Saturdays. But we did not have too much market saturdays around 900 :D
Awesome video bro!
Thanks for the visit
Great video as usual❤..
But we really want Hannibal we it's been like a month it's my favourite series on your channel
Working on it :)
Be patient my man. They focus even on keen details and informations. That's why they upload less. But, their uploads are pure gold.
@@babulburel547 true this channel is about quality but since i never herd in Hannibal before its so hard to wait cus his story is absolutely amazing
Impressive commentary, impressive editing, impressive reenactment. Love your vids and am always elated to see them in my feed! Keep it UP
That's very kind of you. Thanks for stopping by to watch the video.
Could you do the Battle of Lechfeld next? It took place only a few years after this battle in 910 AD and this time Louis the Child himself led an army against the Hungarians, and just like in Pressburg the Frankish/German army was annihilated with virtually the same tactics as before, with horse archer harassment, feigned retreat and attacking without warning from hidden wooded areas.
Are you sure? Lechfeld was a major defeat for Hungarians. Only 7 survived according to the legend
As always, incredible content Mago! And somewhat content because I'm doing a video on the rise of the Carolingians next - love seeing more Frankish stuff
Hey Barris, I somehow missed your comment. It's great to see you stopping by. Thank you for the positive feedback!
HistoryMarche Always happy to stop by!
A pozsonyi csatát mindenképpen meg kellett nyerni hiszen magyarságunk népünk léte ezen mullott , ebben a csatában az egyesitett európai sereget gyöztükle, aki ismeri pontos történelmünket multunkat, az tisztelettel viseltetik népünkkel szemben, vendégszeretö, igazságos , és leleményestudása, misem bizonyitja ezt jobban mint a magyar világhirrességek, és tudósaik!
Már csak írni kéne tudni.
Thank you Guys, for your precise detailed work.
11:45 "Are those guys with us?" Lmao
Hehe, I was hoping someone will spot that.
@@HistoryMarche 'Shut up And chase " LMAO ........kind of little details that make quality content ; LOVE IT !!!!
Laughed my ass off on that one 👍
I'm so grateful for this video, it is rare to find such a detailed representation of the 9th-10th century Magyars.
Brate svaka čast na ovim snimcima, svaki je savršen!
Fala lepo :)
@KING The Wildfire Ja iz BG-a
@KING The Wildfire Mi juce bukvalno isli po burek do Stankoskija. Treba mu dici spomenik u Pancevu.
De nemoj jebati da je domaci kanal
@@HistoryMarche Ja i dalje ne mogu da verujem da ste nasi jebote. Svaka cast na snimcima inace, ne postoji kvalitetniji kanal za istoriju na YT, i pozdrav!
Nagyszerű, Great! Thank You! Köszi szépen!
Wow amazing credit to the Hungarian soldiers this is no ordinary feat Hannibal would be proud. I like seeing arrogant armies get humiliated by their more humble contemporaries. Good job for this video History Marche for this video 👍
Another fantastic video and as always serving as fantastic inspiration. Thanks!
Hey man, thanks for stopping by.
Hi! Thanks for this great video.
Can you make a documentary about the whole period of the Hungarian invasions in Europe (830-970)?
Most likely yes.
@@HistoryMarche Thank you! This is awesome news! I hardly wait for it.
@@HistoryMarche The funny thing with this battle is that it was totally forgot by the Hungarians. No Hungarian chronicle speaks about it. Why? Good question. Maybe the new Christian lords and clergy wanted to forget about the invasions of the pagan Hungarians against the Christian Europe. Because in the Hungarian chronicles also the Hungarian campaigns were almost totally forgotten. Instead of this, the Hungarian chroniclers, like Anonymus invented stories of the conquest which never happened. Then to speak about the invasions of the Pagan Hungarians against the Christian Europe was not politically correct... The battle of Pressburg was discovered only when the German chronicles and archives were started to be studied.
Only 1100 years after the battle, around 2000 the Hungarian historians and public opinion started to learn about this battle of crucial importance of the existence of the Hungarian people.
The research of the Hungarian history and mostly its glorious events, was hindered during the Habsburg times and then by the Communist regime. Maybe this also played a role in the late discovery of this battle.
Such a quality video as usual, so glad you guys are around.
Thank you very much.
The thing is that the Franks based their campaign on the actions of Charlemagne against the avars. They failed to consider the Hungarians would react differently. Or that the Hungarians had a pact to defend each other if one tribe was attacked.
Indeed. The Franks basically just employed Charlemagne's tactics without considering anything else.
Can you give us more details?eg avar tactics?
The amount of information presented is so rich
This channel is beyond its counterparts 👍👍👍
That is truly a very high praise. Thank you very much.
This was a nice revenge for what happened to Avars before...
Thank you for uploading more.
Thank you for watching.
Watched the video again such incredible video. I watched battle of yarmouk 4 times.
Thank you very much. I'm working on two more Muslim battles and hope to finish them in June and July.
HistoryMarche I check your channel everyday hoping to find a new video and after watching your new video I just want more and more because I'm tired of watching other boring stuff on UA-cam then routinely I would go to historymarch channel, scroll down and watch some videos again so keep myself busy until a new video comes up that's how desperate I'm for ur videos. I will support ur channel after making visa card as I'm slightly underage to qualify for the card to support ur channel becx I want more of your content. For now all I can say is I watched kings and generals, bazbattles non of them matches your content.
@@ethical3429 That's very kind of you. If you can't donate it's not a problem. A subscription, like, and comment also support the channel. Cheers :)
Thank you so much for your work HistoryMarche! You are a treasure trove
Glad you enjoy it!
Too nice video with clear explaining most than class teacher thanks
very awesome vid. Definitely subscribing!!! and thumbs up!
This proved more interesting while eating my morning breakfast than the vast majority of other things I happen to watch or read. I gotta remember to do this again sometime XD
Thank you sir for the kind words. And welcome to the channel.
Optimistically liking this in advance of watching
Thank you sir.