A Brief History of Carpathian-Ruthenia and the Rusyns
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- Опубліковано 24 кві 2020
- The story of a nation that didn't exist for 50 years. In recent years their community has seen a revival and international recognition.
Lemko With History
lemkowithhistory
Credits: Adrian von Ziegler - Slava Moy Brat
• Slavic Music - Slava, ...
Credits: Ivan Juravlev - Zakarpattia views
• Aerial view of the Ukr...
Credits: Мир путешествий и истории - Carpathians footage
• Украина с высоты - Осе...
Credits: Rusnackafajta - Sága krásy - Oj verše mij verše. Rusyn (lemko) song
• Sága krásy - Oj verše ...
rusyns,ruthenia,carpatho-ukraine,lemko,ukraine,russia,kievan rus,slovakia,carpathians,serbia,pannonia,hungarian empire,boyko,croatia,white croats,vlach,wallachia,carpatho-rusyns,carpatho-rusyn,lemko with history
Big hello to all our Rusyn brothers from area known as White Croatia from modern Croatia, greetings also to our Ukrainian Polish and Slovak brothers who inhabit the area today
Area of White Croatia is unknown.
Big hello back from a 3rd Generation American of Lemko, Croatian, and Polish origin. Both my Polish and Lemko ancestors immigrated from modern day southern Poland with my Polish family originating in the lands southeast of Kraków and west of Nowy Sacz and my Lemko family in far southeastern Poland near the Slovakia border. My Croatian family immigrated to the USA from Perušić.
Молодец брат
@@IvanSam1Już się pojawia w Historii, został wpisany do Polski.
Привіт привітом,а українська влада в стадії фіналу геноциду русинів,і нічого не можна зробити
Best explanation thus far…as I such for answers and information I look forward to seeing more.
This reminds me of my ancestors from slovakia born in 1897
Thank you for sharing! I needed an easy video history for an introduction. I only recently learned that my ancestors who came from northern Hungary and southern Slovakia were actually Rusyns (my great-great grandmother even listed "Ruthenian" on her immigration info!). I am eager to learn more about my people!
Glad I could help! You should check out my latest video, it explains more in depth on why many Rusyns decided to leave Austria-Hungary.
Hello there, that’s very good exciting, I hope you get to learn more! I’m in the same boat, recently found a birth certificate of my great grandfather. It stated that his father was ‘görög nem egyesült’ meaning he was an Orthodox Christian. I did some more digging and I found some families in 1850s Slovakia with his surname ‘Romanek’. Word passed down in the family was that he immigrated from Poland, but perhaps it was the North of Slovakia? I’m trying to dig up more information
Enjoyed and shared it. Thank you!
Incredible video, very nice job.
Not my site here, I am a Half Rusyn , American born female. My father was born in Kunkowa, Poland in 1921. Visited my relations still living in that area of now SE Poland. Wonderful people and a beautiful country.
This video points out the complex history of ethnic groups in Central/Eastern Europe. Also greatly examplifies that ethnicities usually have several intertwined roots and have taken on many influences throughout time. Therefore, most of today's national myths that spark so much debate and cause so much trouble are badly simplfified and reveal only small fractions of reality.
Great video,
Cheers from Hungary!
I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Excellent, relevant observations. Truth is rarely seen in national myths and fables. It's a shame that millions if lives have been sacrificed in the pursuit of fantasies.
Here in Vojvodina, Serbia, Rusyin is co-offitial language on provintial level, as well as 3 municipalities.
Also, I hand around these folks a lot, and I must sey they are amasing people!
4:37 Thank you! Finally someone admits Wallachians and Vlachs are the same. Still, the map at 4:49 is plain wrong, it's always used by Hungarian irredentists to claim that Romanians aren't coming from Dacia's territory, even though they do. I would refrain from using that map.
Слава Ісусу Христу! Дуже бы ємь хотіл выхвалити вашу роботу! Тай бы ємь ся іши хотіл опросіти ці будут і відеа і в русинскому языку, дякую! Оставайте здоровы
Thank you! Some day when I get better at speaking.
Hello from Belgium. Once, my mother said to me that My father's parents came from ruthenia. Their family name was Bagara (my grandmother's family name was Prodan ).
I remember me when l was a little boy calling my grandfather 'diedoushka' or something like that.
Strangely, my second name is Janos, witch seems to be more hungarian.
They are all dead now.
I am 47 and still don't know what are exactly my origins.
In russian grandfather is dedushka. Surname "prodan" from the word "prodat' - prodati" (to sell). Maybe the ancestors were traders, merchants.
@@SB-fw3yr thank you
Last name Prodan have some Serbs from Croatia.
The name " Prodan" is common in Romania too
Prodan is a romanian name, an ruthenians are slavified romanians...slavs are from Asia
Nice
Hello. Can someone please explain to me the difference between Rusyn and Ruthenian. I’m a bit confused. Thanks…. Great video by the way.
It is the same thing, more or less. Rather more than less.
Rusyn is the Latin alphabet transliteration of their own name (internal name, like Deutsch for Germans).
Ruthenian was the Medieval Latin (language) name for these people (external name, like Germans, Allemands, Tedeschi, Nemci etc for Deutsch).
This one is actually pretty good too, this one as well?
I have a question are goral people and rusyns somewhat related ? We are both carpathian cultures and also have vlach influence
Not a vlach influence, but a clear vlach(romanian) origin. That is why most of hutsuls and many of lemkos, boikos, moravian vlachs...look different that slavs.
Thank you for sharing this historical lesson. Eastern European history have been a convulsive one.
The map at 2:48 is inaccurate. The area of Cherven Cities( modern day western Ukraine and eastern Poland) were inhabited by the tribe of Lendians that were a west slavic tribe and thous not Ruthenians.
I have grand parents from Velyki-Luchky and almost certain then were Rusyn. My question is my other grandparents from my mom’s side were from Tovste, Ukraine. Would they be considered Rusyn too?? Thank you
"Dolynians" are not so huge actually, and hutsuls are more wide population still in Carpathians (especially in Tyachiv district,)!
Look at the word Ruthenia "Roethernia" and it will make you re-think Western education.
Here's a song: Moriaanjte, Moriaanjte zwarte als roet.
Black child, Black child Black as soot.
Notice how I said Black in three different languages.
The Ruthenians were Black the the word means Kleurling lands "Coloured Lands" as in Land of Ns.
Hence it's where the Slavs lived.
Cool. My grandfather has a swarthy complexion with black hair and dark blue eyes. This is good to know. Thank you.
So no need to re-think western education. Those that are of this culture know that Slavs had swarthy skin tones as well as pale.
Not to be confused by what Americans call Black Americans.
I descend from a people who lived in the most beautiful land
so rusyns are heavy influenced by valachs? pretty cool :) im near valaško in czech rep they cool.
Obviously. Their clothing, their traditional music is very similar to Romanian. I even heard a Romanian song with all words changed to Rusyn words .. except part of the chorus, which was kept but deformed ("dolure" instead of "dorule" = he who is missed, whom we are longing for).
Such a beautiful son and language
Great video! But please let me add some aspects.
Hungarian "oppression" (called "magyarization") mentioned in the video, that claimed it started in the middle of the 19th century, is making a mountain out of a molehill. 1. there was never planned colonisation except for the operators of administration - counter to e.g. Czechoslovakia and Soviet Union.
2. It only started in 1907 with "Lex Apponyi". Before that, many state-funded schools were where any minorities could use their languages. The law in 1868 ordered that each and every minority can be educated in their own language, even just on that. Hungarian language was not even an obligatory course in elementary schools. First experiments in leading in the teaching the state language started only in 1880s, but without any success. After that came Lex Apponyi in 1907.
3. Lex Apponyi ordered scools only for teaching the state language - Hungarian - to that level that pulpils can speak and write to some extent in Hungarian. - this law, introduced more than a hundred years ago, was still more European and liberal than today's Ukrainian law that gradually BANS the usage of minorities' languages in school between 4.-8. class.
All in all, as far as I learned the history of the region, the biggest factors of emigration in 19-20th century were the same as now: poverty and lack of opportunities. And these are the man reasons today as well, because the territory is still a borderland, furthermore, a poorer state's borderland.
Unfortunately, there had been many regulations in favour of magyarization even before 1907. The Act of 1868 was just a disguise not to be critized by international public. The trials were held in Magyar even for illiterate peasants. F.E. all three schools with Slovak teaching language allowed since 1861 were closed by 1870's. In Banská Štiavnica, students from Croatia, or Austria were quiting their study at Mining Academy since 1860's as a protest against Magyar teaching language instead of Latin and German. After 1907 there was zero schools in Hungary with teaching Slovak, or Rusyn language. All settlements were given Magyar names, despite there were no Magyars ever living. Every teacher, or officer had to magyarize their names to get a job in state administration. The molehill is made of myths from Magyar historical mythology about sacrifice, traitory and bravery. The loyalty of Slovaks and Rusyns to Czechoslovakia was a nice example. Otherwise, there would have been multi-ethnical Hungarian confederation, but there is not. It is good to ask why. In Czechoslovakia, every officer in the town, or village with more than 20% minority population, had to speak their language. Czechs, or Sudeten Germans had to learn Magyar for the southern parts of Sub-Carpathian Rus' and Slovakia. Still you are right with reasons for emmigration. We have a big family in USA. Though they didn't find only fortune, but even liberty without national, or confessional oppression.
@@mironbs81 ok, and in the past 100 years Chechoslovakia and Slovakia is doing the same. Hungarians have to Slovakianizate their names. (Woman must use "ova") There are allways issues with the language rights. You still have Benes decrees in power which says collective guilt at the whole Hungarian community after WWII. Which is insane in 2020 in the European Union. What I want to say, that it might be true what you are writing, that Slovakians and Russins had problems with the Hungarian administration in the late XIX. century. (But please do not forget that Hungary was not fully independent it was part of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy few decades after our revolution against the Habsburgs which were beaten down with the help of Russia. ) But what is sure, that Chechoslovakia and Slovakia did much worst in the past 100 years, giving much less rights to the Hungarian communities living at the territories taken from Hungary after the WWI. Even today. Benes decrees still in power (it is a shame) it is forbidden to Hungarians living in their ancestors land to take the Hungarian citizenship (dual citizenship) because if they do they will loose the Slovakian one. etc. etc.
No problem, being half Ruysn and born in the USA, I married a man from Hungary in 1978. Believe me, poor guy is paying for any crimes the Hungarians ever did against the Ruysn/Lemkos... Just kidding of course, we moved to Hungary and I feel at home here as it must be in my blood.
@@mironbs81 Miron: Read down! Benes ??
@@mironbs81 this is not true, and there was a law that in local and regional court you have the right to use your language etc.
Does this word sound familiar (phonetic spelling)
"eesh"tanem" ?
My grandmother's family is from the Carpathian mountains now SW Ukraine, and they spoke a "house language" They used this term for "yikes, not good"
They all also spoke, German, Hungarian, Yiddish, and Chec
But this was the language they spoke among themselves. came to Pittsburg in 1990
That is derived from Hungarian.
Istenem (meaning "My God!" / "Oh, My Goodness".
А перевода у вас ниє?
Compare the ethnic and the religion map of Eastern-Slovakia. Greek catholic people have Rusyn ancestry. I think it is also true for Hungary (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Hajdú-Bihar, and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county).
I am actually making a video on that right now, the overlap is pretty close between the two interestingly.
nice, cant wait to see it
Satu Mare is not Hungary. Also Northern Maramureș encompasses Rusyns, but many Romanians as well.
If the historical Szatmár county would still exist, it would still have Hungarian majority even today. Many Hungarians there had/have Greek Catholic religion. Máramaros county wasnt really split up along the ethnic borders, many Romanians got to Czechoslovakia then USSR/Ukraine and many Rusyns got to Romania.
@@AHOSE97HuN All the Greek Catholics are Romanians. Hungarians are only Catholics or Protestants.
And about the population: Source Wikipedia:
At the census of October 20, 2011, County Satu Mare - the structure of the population by ethnicity is as follows:
190,000 Romanians
113,500 Hungarians
17,500 Roma
5,000 Germans (Swabians)
You are probably right for the two municipalities: Carei and Satu Mare, but only because the Swabians emigrated after 1990
I have a great grandfather with the last name “rusnak”. His family migrated from Slovakia . My family always referred to them as gypsies. My 23 and me showed southern most tip of Poland. I can’t believe how complicated Eastern European ancestory can be
My 23? What is this designation?
@@j.d.snyder4466 23 and me
Rusnak or Rusneak is a diminutive of Rusyn/Ruthenian; meaning ~little Rusyn~, as far as I know.
How similar are they to Silesian?
Think there is a tie... As Lviw was part of Poland once and called Lwow. Poles lived there but during WW2 many were expelled and moved back into Poland.. mainly to the southern regions. That's one link i know for sure.
Im Starting at the beginning. A Little Rusyn Marathon.....
Started from the bottom now we here
I have a Polish mother with family from around Krakow and Lviv... Did some DNA tests on my uncle to find out about mum's father, From ending one mystery i have started another.... Found out he has Early Slav, Kievan Rus and Swedish Viking as his top three related groups. There is also some Magyar Arpad connections, White Croat and Ostrogoth. I haven't worked it all out yet but seems I am indeed a bit Rusyn 🙂
Krakov to su vislania.tiez boli sucastov velkej moravy ako aj halic .obe anektovali polania po pade velkej moravy.halic neskor anektovala kyjevska rus a potom zase polsko neskor rakuso a nakonec stalin.
I'm so confused about my family history and maybe you can help me out. A Lemko told me my family name is Lemko (Solar). My great-grandparents were Greek Catholics, are buried in a Greek Catholic cemetery, spoke Ukranian and identified as Ruthenian at Ellis Island. However, they came from outside of Lemkovyna (Stare Siolo near Oleszyce, Lubaczów County). What the heck is our identity lol.
If they came from Lemkovyna then they were Rusyns. Many Lemkos were assimilated into Ukrainians but that does not mean they were ethnically so.
@@lemkowithhistory Thank you so much for your response!! It means so much. So if they didn't originate from Lemkovyna they aren't Rusyn? But instead would be Greek Catholic Ukrainians from Poland (Galicia)?
I also found out Stare Siolo translates to old village lol so maybe something is going on there.
If Stare Siolo is correct you could probably claim either Rusyn or Ukrainian. Many in that village probably drifted more towards Ukrainian but I would not be surprised if emigrants who came to America before they were Ukrainianized identify as Rusyn.
@@lemkowithhistory Thank you so much! I dug a little deeper and looking at Polish records, they don't have deep roots to that village since the previous generation came from Gmina Dydnia. My quick search came up that the area had a lot of Lemko and Boyko people up until Operation Vistula. Very interesting! Thank you again for pointing me in the right direction!
Gmina Dydia is definitely a Lemko village so congrats you're Rusyn!
Dolinyans south of Boykos on your map? what is the source of that? it is wrong
Where is your source? Anyone who has Dolinyans above Boykos is flat out wrong.
To tell you the truth I've never seen a map that innacurate, no disrespect. Wikipedia's fault on that. Here's a good actual map en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusyns#/media/File%3ASubethnoses_of_the_Rusyns.svg
@@lemkowithhistory I know the other map I pasted is not innacurate, I know its source:
skansen.mblsanok.pl/grupy.html
this is a webpage (see below) of the open air musem that documents the architecture and customs of the ethinc groups of the region including dolinyans, the name of the group itself was coined by the ethnographer due to their location in the valley (Dolina=Valley) , I have seen the musem and it is where i have first seen this map , so unless there is another subgroup of Rusyns with the same name south of Boykos (which i have now found on some russian encyclopedia so it seems to be the case )- your map would be wrong, otherwise both are correct just refer to differet groups with same name
skansen.mblsanok.pl/grupy.html
bigenc.ru/ethnology/text/3456468
Dolinyans are in Transcarpathia not Poland
@@lemkowithhistory you are very stuborn, i just showed you a source better than wikipedia, yes there was an ethinc group called Dolinians in Poland, there are numerous publications about it, as i said there may be another goup with the same name hence the confusion, but it does not mean my map was inacurate, simple negation is not a proof, anyway i think i cleared it already with the last post
Were is Verxovintci? On map don't show
Why not rejoin Slovakia? I thought we took good care of Carpathian Ruthenia whilst it was within our borders. I think that would apply today too, rusins would be better of as Slovaks imo.
Because Rusyns are a minority of the population in Zakarpattia. At the moment Ukrainians dominate most of the regions and make up 80,5% of the total population of the region, when the Rusyns are about 10,000 (according to the Ukrainian Wikipedia). Consequently Ukrainians are unlikely to reunite with Slovakia
Русини це давня назва українців
Always minimizing Hungarian influences, yeah i bet Armenians had bigger influence than being part of Hungary for a century.
If you would be real Rusyn you wouldnt call them in Serbia North Serbian Rusyns but Vojvodina Rusyns, their and all Vojvodina and even Serbs (from the region) preffered name.
I really love Rusyns where i live, their culture is very close to ours (Hungarian), their villages are my among my favorites and they are a really cultured people.
I'm not sure what exactly you mean but I was just listing off the historic minorities of Transcarparhia. Some that come from my own ancestry included. Also I did a whole video on Hungarian influence on Rusyns, and a video on Pannonian Rusyns. Thanks for commenting!
@@alekshukhevych2644 Hungarians, Ukrainians & Others...
But they're slavs, not mongols, rusyns don't want to get magyarised.
piece of Czechoslovakia for 20 years
So are rusyns descendants for the Kievan Rus or not?
Yes
@@lemkowithhistory What is the actual answer though? Some places I read say Rusyns are direct descendants of the Kieven Rus and others say not necessarily. I know there is at least some ethnic connection. What are your thoughts?
We are the descendants of Rus peasants from Galicia and Podolia.
@@lemkowithhistory Thank you
Australian Born Rusyn here!!! Not sure how my surname came about though HARDI
Interesting, where around in Australia are you from?
Hardi je često prezime kod Rusina u Vojvodini (severna Srbija).
In the beginning and end of the video you used Ukrainian folk song.
Lemko Rusyn but nice try ua-cam.com/video/pU91-wfB0hU/v-deo.html
@@lemkowithhistory wow, another Ukrainian Song! Dude, you are just picking Ukrainian folk songs which are far spread in Ukraine and pass them as "Rusyn". Lying will not get you anywhere. So it is you I say nice try but
@OrkosUA @lemkowithhistory I think the confusion here is that many Lemko songs have been incorporated into the Ukrainian national folk repertoire and are considered народнi піснi. Another example of such a song would be Кедь ми прийшла карта. Both songs are, in fact, Lemko, however, they are widely celebrated in Ukraine as Lemko-Ukrainian. Many contemporary Lemkos - in the diaspora and at home - consider themselves to be a Ukrainian minority. Songs from Lemkivshcyna are beautiful and their celebration should be encouraged, but their roots not forgotten. Here's a great summary of the history of the song: uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B9,_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5
@@whollyunoriginal3655 is correct. Understand before there was Ukraine there was The Rus. some info here:
orthochristian.com/121734.html
@@OrkosUA "far spread" do not mean "yours". Lemkos could have this too. And just god know, from which region it comes...
Not my site here. My father was born in Kunkowa Poland in 1921, visited the area and met many of my Ruysn/Lemko relations 7 years ago. Just a wonderful fairytale land.Proud to be half Ruysn.
We visited the Ruysn museum near Gorlice. Found many of my relations were working in the axle grease trade in the mid 1850's. The Ruysn's were known to make the best axle grease anywhere. They had wagons of the grease and would travel all through Hungary and other areas selling their fine grease. So interesting to see the culture there.
This is wrong in the perspective of the 'Vlachs'. There is no mention text of Vlachs "migrating" to Maramureș aka Transylvania. The fact is, the Migration Theory is actually created to serve political purposes and has zero Archeological or documents of Vlach migrating, or either toponyms or names of Vlach origin nowhere south of the Danube while there's documents and text of Vlachs living North of Danube by the Xth Century A.D which couldn't have happen if a "migration" would have taken place. But yes, the Vlachs had a huge important role in Transcarphatia more than the Hungarians and here's why. Maramureș was a Kenazate like an autonomous region with its own ruler. The Vlachs had its own noble family ruling this region by the middle or late XIIIth Century. House of Dragoș (Drágffy) was of Vlach origin as the father of Dragoș Gyula was a Vlach. We know that the Vlach noble family ruled Maramureș in somewhere in the beginning of the XIIIth Century but the Vlach population could have lived there earlier. According to the Moldo-Russian Chronicle finished in the XVIth Century but an early work, Dragoș Vodă was one of the Romans, and the King Vladislav of Hungary invited the Romans to fight the Tatars and gave him the estates of Maramureș. We know that Vlachs lived in Transylvania by the Xth Century in the Hungarian Chronicle of Gesta Hungarorum. It mentions Vlachs and Slavs living in the area so "migrating" to Maramureș is quite Nationalistic theory with little proof.
👀
My blood is from Brody.
I find European minorities so interesting!
My great grandmother came to America because of the communist take over but I have no idea what region she came from
You should offer to draw an ethnic map and help solve the current troubles in Ukraine. I think if nothing is done soon, the place will dissolve into a mess worse than Yugoslavia. Also, the very last people to sort this out should be US led NATO and the old soviet KGB boss Putin.
Wrong! Croats inhabited the lands between the rivers Oder and Elbe, along with Serbs, before they were pushed south. Learn and don't lie.
nope
Nice, but at 4:40 author presents as "truth" a highly improbable theory (to avoid saying "imposible") of Romanians migrating from (approximative) Albania in the 11-12th century.
This thory is unsubstantiated, there are no records whatsoever of such a massive migrations (remember: Romanians are as many as Greeks + Bulgarians together), there are major dialectal and genetic variations between Romanians and Balkan Vlachs. On the contrary - the territory of modern Romania was always inhabited.
More, even Nestor's chronicle (Primary Chronicle, Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ of Kievan Rus') notes fights between the arriving Magyars (Hungarians) and Slavs and Vlachs - while the Magyars were trying to cross the Carpathians (up in the North): Въ лето 6406. Идоша угри мимо Киевъ горою, еже ся зоветь ны не Угорьское, пришедъше къ Днепру, и сташа вежами; беша бо ходяще, аки се половци. Пришедъ от [въ]стока и устремишася чересъ горы великия, и почаша воевати на жиущая ту волхи и словени... ("In the year 6406 (898 A.D.). The Hungarians passed by Kiev, over the mountain that is still called Ugorskoie (Hungarian) today, and they reached the Dnieper and pitched their tents, for they were nomads, like the Polovtsians (Cumans). Coming from the East, they hurried through the high mountains and began to fight with the Volochians (Romanians) and the Slavs who lived there...")
Vlachs coming from Albania is a Hungarian based theory and is not true, read and study more!On the territory of Romanian lived Dacians and Getaes. Dacians lived in Transylvania and Getae in the South of Romanian territory and the north of Balkans they were conquered by the Romans and stood in what is now Romania, once the Roman retreated some of them followed the Romans in the Balkans there is no connection in Romanian and Albanian language except some words because in Albania lived Ilyrians which were Tracians and “cousins” of Dacian-Getae tribes. Do some more research. Even in Gesta Hungarorum mention the people who they met when they arrived in Transylvania.
It is interesting though
We are not Ukranian!!!
TRIA-NON