Reaction To Battle of Grunwald 1410 (Polish History)
Вставка
- Опубліковано 4 кві 2024
- Reaction To Battle of Grunwald 1410 (Polish History)
This is my reaction to Battle of Grunwald 1410 (Polish History)
In this video I react to the history of Poland by looking at one of the most important moments in European history by looking at a documentary about the Battle of Grunwald.
Original Video - • Battle of Grunwald 141...
10:55 Teutonic forces were standing in the middle of the field, in full armor. And it is said that it was a very hot and sunny day. That is why Polish-Lithuanian forces spent time in the shade of the forest; it was a tactical decision to weaken the enemy pre-battle because heavy armored Teutonic knights were almost cooking in their plates.
The reason Jadwiga was a king and not a queen was so that instead of holding the title of king's spouse, she would be an independent monarch. The distinction between a king and a queen in Poland was different from the Anglo-Saxon countries.
also so she could be on equal terms with other european kings as title of a queen was seen as somewhat beneath a king.
@@miwoj Not beneath a king, just a completely different thing - Królowa used to mean wife of a king, same way as wójtowa meant wife of a wójt (mayor of a village).
The battle of grunwald is very much remembered as it took place in 1410, which also is a recipe for moonshine - 1 kg of sugar, 4 litres of water and 10 decagrams of yeast.
😇👐🤓
😂😂😂😂😂😮
1:20 At it's peak The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was 1.000.000 square kilometers and it was the biggest country in Europe (much more than the biggest country in Europe right now. It included today's Poland, Lithuania, Latwia, Belarus, over 80% of Ukraine, half of Estonia and a little bit of Russia.
Poland and Lithuania were united in one form or another basically from 1386 till very recently. There was even a period when they had access to 3 different seas.
First they were in union from 1386 (Union of Krewo) when Jadwiga (lady king of Poland) married Jogaila (grand duke of Lithuania), after them the coutries always had one ruler.
Then from 1569 (Union of Lublin) they truly became one country known as Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Then in 1795, as a result of the partitions, they disappeared from the maps for over 100 years.
Officially they separeted in 1918 when after WW1 they came back as saparate countries which was a shock to many.
Then WW2 happened and they disappeared again, came back under Russian influence, they regained their full freedom from Russia only little over 30 years ago.
4:45 As strange as it sounds it totally has sense, it's not just one reason why it was done this way but few of them.
- One of them is that in the polish law it was clearly stated that only a king can be the ruler BUT it wasn't stated that the king has to be male so it was a way to go around this rule.
- The next one is that in old polish word "królowa" (queen) means literally "wife of a king". "Król" (king) and "owa" (wife of someone) so if you take that together you have "król-owa" (wife of a king). There is no such thing as queen regnant in polish language.
- And the last one is that when Jadwiga was 4 she had her "sponsalia pro futuro" with Wilhelm of Habsburg. So basically they were married and they only had to consumate the marriage for it to be legally binding but to do so they needed to reach the adulthood which at that time was 12. When the polish throne became vacant she was only 8 and when she was crowned she was 10. Polish nobles didn't want to see a Habsburg on polish throne and they were hoping to find a different husband for her so to go around this they decided to crown her as a king to be sure that her future husband won't take any power from her.
12:05 It was planned. It was a move that Vytautas learned few years earlier when he lost battle to the Golden Horde.
Side note: I think that you should watch some video's about Jadwiga, she's super interesting.
"kilometres
Jadwiga was a great niece of the last Piast king of Poland- Casimir III The Great (Kazimierz III Wielki). She was a third daughter of King Louis I of Hungary and Queen Elizabeth of Bosnia (Elżbieta Bośniaczka). Before his death, his father saw Jadwiga as the future queen of Hungary. Thanks to him, the girl was also engaged to the Austrian prince, Wilhelm Habsburg. However, when the king left, the mother tried to deprive the girl of her inheritance and hand over both thrones - Polish and Hungarian - to the older Mary. Her plans were thwarted only by the resistance of the Polish elites, who demanded a separate ruler for themselves, ready to reside in Krakow. After a long and turbulent interregnum, Jadwiga arrived on the Vistula in the late summer of 1384 and was crowned king on October 16.
EDIT:
She was crowned, because of a pact between the hungarian and polish kings- whoever of them shell die first and didn't leave an heir, the second king, or his heir will rule the land (this is a short version of it).
EDIT2:
The Royal Family of England is related to the Jagiellonian dynasty, as well as the royals in Sweden (probably more royal famielies are related to Jagiellonians, but those two are the most closly related, I think).
EDIT3:
On the Polish side:
50 Polish banners: from the kingdom, Masovia, Płock, Bełz, Podolia, Moldova and Czech mercenaries,
40 Lithuanian banners: Lithuanians and Ruthenians from the Grand Duchy, Tatars Jalal ad-Din (Jalal ad-Din, Dzielal Ed Dyn, Saladin, father. Cäläletdin - vassal of Prince Vytautas, khan of the Golden Horde. Son of Tokhtamysh. Jalal ad-Din was one of many pretenders to the throne in the Golden Horde, torn apart by civil wars), the private banner of Lingwen (brother of Władysław II Jagiełło, commanded the Smolensk banners);
approx. 29 thousand soldiers (2/3 of them are Polish knights).
On the side of the Teutonic Knights:
51 banners, approx. 21 thousand mounted knights (including approximately 230 monastic brothers[3]), 6 thousand pedestrians and artillerymen.
Losses:
On the Polish side, from 2 to 3 thousand. killed
On the side of the Teutonic Knights, 8,000. killed, 14 thousand captured.
EDIT4:
Tatars are notorious for feigning retreat and then shooting arrows from horseback, so it could be a tactical retreat.
At that time Poland and Lithuania were in union, then kept consolidating and in 1569-1795 formed one state with a Polish king (two states similar to USA today) with almost 1mln sq.km territory in it's peak.
In Poland queen couldn't rule, only a king could. So to avoid regency and keep Piast dynasty on the Polish throne, they allowed Jadwiga to become a ruler of Poland, so a King of Poland. Don't worry, it sounds strange for Poles too, but that's how it was back then.
Then she took a husband, Lithuanian prince Jagiello, brother of the great prince of Lithuania, Vitold. It was unión by blood. The best alliance under the great and wise rulers Poland ever had.
In comparison to UK, Female King would be like Queen Regnant, when Queen in Poland could be only Queen Consort. There was no diferentiation between queens, just female could become king if she suppose to reign.
it doesn't sound strange tbh - it's same as todays PM or President - it also has only male form.
Also correction - Jadwiga wasn't a Piast but of Hungarian dynasty of House of Anjou (Andegawenowie)
@@GdzieJestNemo She wasn't Piast in male line (male = main), but she was granddaughter of sister of Kazimierz the Great (last of Polish Piast kings), Elizabeth (Elżbieta). That's why Jadwiga (or Hedwig when we are talking about d'Anjou) and her father (Louis d'Anjou - aka Louis of Hungary, Ludwik Węgierski, nephew of Kazimierz) were on Polish throne after Kazimierz.
They weren't Piasts "by sword", but they were by blood ties.
Similar situation was also later when there were Swedish Vasa dynasty kings on Polish throne. Zygmunt (Sigismundus) III Vasa was "by sword" Vasa, but on the mother side he was grandson of last Jagiellonian king Sigismundus (Zygmunt) I the Old. Daughter of the latter Katarzyna (Catherine) was wife of Swedish king Johan III of House of Vasa (Jan III Waza).
Sometimes blood ties are suprising.
@@GdzieJestNemo she got partially Piast blood. Her grandmother Elżbieta was sister of Kazimierz Wielki and she was by herself a great queen for Hungarian Kingdom. As Kazimierz was known from having mistresses from left to right, none of his bastard male children could have inherited the throne. So he arranged that throne will go to his nephew Ludwik Andegawen (father of Jadwiga)
poland - lithuana was a real succes, the country was the most diverse in the world at that time
Im livin just 50 km from Grunwald :) Nice place
Jadwiga was crowned king, not queen as in other European countries. Subjects, diplomats, etc. addressed her as king, not queen. After marrying Jagiełło, we actually had two kings - King Jadwiga and King Jagiełło. After the wedding, Jadwiga did not lose her power as a king and, for example, was involved in foreign policy. Her older sister was the king of Hungary. For the Middle Ages it was a great revolution ;)
The Battle of Grunwald was the largest battle in medieval Europe. There are different reports about the course of the battle, but one thing is certain that the Polish-Lithuanian side broke all the rules of conducting battles at that time. You kept the Teutonic troops in an open field in the heat, the light Tatar cavalry was the first, after killing the Grand Master of the Order the fight was not interrupted, after dusk we were harvesting the Teutonic troops, etc.
Interestingly, July 15 (the day of the Battle of Grunwald) became the first national holiday in Poland and it was probably in 1412 ;)
You should learn about the hussars, the best cavalry in history. Vienna relief, battle of Hodowo, battle of Kircholm, battle of Kluszyn, battle of Chocim. Read about this, very intresting.
Yes, for long time people thought that Lituanians were cowards and that they escaped. :But there are many letters about that battle (called big battle), many references in letters between nobles showing that Lituanians did a trick to Teutonic Order. It was a plan, done by Jagiello and Vitaltas. Smart move increasing chances of winning. Do not underestimate Lithuanians. The union of Kingdom of Poland and Kingdom of Lithuania was real union that survived centuries and made that commonwealth stronger and richer and it is exactly opposite to todays European Union which is turning our coutries to be weaker and weaker. In Poland Lithuanian Commonwealth , God was on the first place, In European Union , the satan is on the first place at least for the governing ones. It is high time to change that , to get back to what makes us strong. Good video
You you watch "Krzyżacy" movie or read the book by the same title written by Henryk Sienkiewicz. There you will find the role background to the situation. It's a great read too, it's even mandatory in Polish schools. If not the book, the movie is great too. You've already seen scenes from that movie too.
Great content mate! Thanks for reminding me of this battle, every Pole knows 1410 date! To this day the knights and horses who perished during the battle are waiting to be digged out from Grunwald marshes... There was many skirmishes along the borders and a lot of villges were burnt to the ground beforte the battle. I beg you please make some videos about the Hussars, they were invinible in 16th century which was the Golden Age for Poland, that will be super interesting to watch. Sweden invade Poland and per precentage more people were killed in Poland than during The Second World War, it was disaster for my country. Thanks and see you!
5:22: Basically in English you have Queen Consort and Queen Regnant. In Polish, however, Król is a masculine-gendered title that denotes the King while Królowa is a feminine-gendered title that denotes the Queen Consort (literally, wife-of-king). Jadwiga receiving the throne was unprecedented so much that our language was not equipped to handle it.
Fun fact: 1410 was/is very famous in Poland because it's kind of "recipe" for moonshine: 1 kilogram of sugar, 4 liters of water and 10 dag of yeast. ^^
The teutonic order was a cancer on the healthy tissue of pioland and fed by the polish breast 😢
The "female king" is actually a matter of language and symbolics. In Polish we have those horrible endings that can change whole meaning of a word. Thus queen is "królowa" and the king is "król", where this ending "owa" refers to a female being wife to whoever is indicated by the begging part of word (in old Polish, mr. Nowak's wife would be Nowakowa, their daughter would be called Nowakówna as long as she'd stay unmarried and so on). Technically speaking in Polish, Jadwiga couldn't become the queen, as she was not married yet. Also the medieval law we had back then, along with customs and traditions, didn't actually allow the queen to rule a country, so they just bypassed it all and made her female king, so that she could rule as the king was supposed to do 😊
check inscenization (like actors play in film) battle of Grunwald
The battle is badly told, rather from the Lithuanian point of view. It looks as if Lithuania won the battle. The battle was very long, over 10 hours! The Teutonic Knights lost rather because of fatigue. The Lithuanians were not on the battlefield for several hours.
TrashingMad created better film about grunwald
Yeah, Jadwiga Andegaweńska was female King of Poland (not Queen what means King's wife (btw. de facto orginally in English also) and her reign was earlier than reign of Queen Elizabeth almost 200 year, and her husband Władysław Jagiełło(lit. Jogaila) was female King's husband :D Jadwiga was one of most important King of Poland.
If You like historical videos about battles You may want to check the battle of Kircholm 1605r. Or battles of Commonwealth in general like against the Ottomans or the movie “with fire and sword”
If you're interested in Jadwiga, the female king of Poland, here's a video about her: ua-cam.com/video/kpWZoUX55q0/v-deo.htmlsi=MpAoa0sK1il1z5lz (it's in polish, however the automatic-generated subtitles are pretty decent, I checked). Have a good day, brother
I would totally watch that. Also guy from this video is amazing, I love how her talks about history.
In truth, the Poles did not want this battle... at least 35% did not, but you know how it is, the knights got together, got drunk, and most of them suffered harm from the Teutonic Knights, plus Lithuanians and Tatars, who generally did not like the Teutonic Knights... Well and Ulrich von Jungingen somehow felt offended that he had brought the best knights of the order from Germany and elsewhere. And these pagans don't want to go out to fight because most of them are fucked up. He came up with a stratagem of provoking a battle with emissaries. He was supposed to ridicule Mieszko... I'm sorry Jagieła... I'm fucked up myself. He provoked with two naked swords. This had a double meaning. One word: "If you lack the enthusiasm for fighting and swords, the master of the order sends you these two naked swords." Jagieło replied, "We have enough swords and wills, but we will accept them too." The message returned offended. An interesting aspect of these two swords is the message. The Teutonic Order wanted to show that they stand in the name of God's truth (Christ gave his apostles two naked swords so that they could defend themselves, but not attack). The Teutonic Knights wanted to prove their truth this way. Nobody cared on the Polish side, because they knew the Teutonic Knights as plunderers, villains and murderers. You know the rest from this video. Of course everything was planned. The Lithuanian light cavalry did what it is known for... it escaped, but they learned it from the Tartars... you run away and then stab the enemy in the back when he is busy with something else... I respect it, it's a good tactic, and in love and war any tricks are allowed.
According to Polish law at that time, only a king, not a queen, could rule the kingdom. Therefore, we have such a phenomenon that Jadwiga was crowned king of Poland, becoming the only female king in our history. There is an error in the material - Jadwiga was not from the Piast dynasty, she was not even Polish. After the childless death of the last ruler of the Piast dynasty - Casimir the Great - under state treaties, the Hungarian Angevin dynasty sat on the Polish throne. First, Ludwik (whose mother was Polish, sister of the above-mentioned Polish king Casimir the Great), and then his daughter - Jadwiga. She is well remembered and even loved in Poland and Hungary. She significantly developed the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, one of the oldest European universities, allocating her private valuables for this purpose. She died young and is buried in the Wawel Cathedral in Krakow, the necropolis of many Polish kings, in an extremely beautiful white tombstone. She was modest, her coffin was accompanied by wooden, not gold, regalia.
But her grandmother was Polish, from the Piast Dynasty.
@@MayaTheDecemberGirl Right. But my grandmother was half Russian and a member of the Orthodox church. However that does not make me someone from Russian descent, being born in a post war Poland from Polish parents. At those times someone's origin was even more complicated and not assigned to the rules of today's understanding of belonging to a given nation.
@@jarosawklejnocki6633 That's true that understanding of nation was different than in modern times.
@@MayaTheDecemberGirl Generally, I don't see any reason to disagree, but I don't see the purpose of your post.
Allied forces chased teutons for 7 Miles, then teutons lost horses and fell due to Allied forces attack. Till today, in that place, is village called Tupadły. Means, Here they fell(teutonic forces)
Jadwiga is the Queen of Poland in Civilization VI.
In Poland we elected kings from other dynasties. There was no throne lineage heritage. Afther kings death, another was electect, mostly through marriage and other connections.
No, we started doing that at certain point. Before that it was normal old school dynastic heritage
Female king is sort of situation you had with your (unless you are a Jacobite ;) ) queen Elisabeth II, She was a queen but her husband wasn't a king. She was descent of royal family the same as Jadwiga. A queen role and position was different form a king's. To emphase her status she was crowned as a king.
Jadwiga D'Anjou was a granddaughter of the last Piast king, Kazimierz III Wielki. She was coronated as king of Poland, not queen, since the latter was reserved for the wife of king at the time. She was legally king, with all obligations and privileges of that role.
Smolenks banners were lithuanian garrison from smolenks led by prince lengvenis of Smolenks . there was no russians in this batlle
Remember, it was warst enemy of poland ever, ever.
Jadwiga was a king, not a queen, because the queen was only the king's wife. Today, if a woman rules the country, we say president (prezydent) or prime minister (premier), we don't have a female form
Battle of Grunwald is pretty much as important as Battle of Bannockburn for Scots
🤍❤️👍
If you wanna know about Jadwiga, watch "Jadwiga, Female King of Poland" by History Tea Time with Lindsay Holiday
German Emissaries when become to Polish king says "Ulrich von juningen call you hightness and yours brother vitold's on the dethmatch deadly battle and for rise yours menly which one you dont have Send you 2 naked swords Polish king take swords and say " I have enough swords in my army and for enemies i dont need swords but in God name i take this sword for my enemies who want blood and death my country i was pray to god for win against not christians and god want destroy his temple" and battle was start
The germans call this battle of Tannenberg
Stimmt!😉🤝🤓
First Battle of Tannenberg to be precise, to distinguish it from the Second Battle of Tanneberg (23-30 August 1914). Which is strange and apparently wrong, since it took place closer to Grunwald (German: Grünfelde) than to Tannenberg (Polish: Stębark).
@@lothariobazaroff3333 yes
I LOVE YOU❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤🇵🇱🇵🇱🇵🇱🇵🇱🇵🇱
ostatnie zwycięstwo wschodu nad zachodem
Jesus, that even not close to whats happens then :) its to much to explain, this is all too simplified :( Urlich von Jungingen was killed by Mszczuj from Skrzynno in a direct fight :) The Jagiello troops going across a river by building floating bridge to surprise the Teutonic Knights, polish king have a spy in among ulirch's medics etc etc - pls told anyone to translate this guy, this is very good story about whats happened then ua-cam.com/video/t9pM_lU05I4/v-deo.html&ab_channel=surgepolonia