Holographic Universe: Is the Universe a Hologram? a giant Black Hole?
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- Опубліковано 18 лип 2019
- Holographic Universe? Are we living on a hologram? Or inside a black hole? Our perception is that we live in a three dimensional world. What if our three dimensions, can be equally represented on a two dimensional surface? Does this mean we live in a hologram? Or could we be inside a black hole?
To understand the idea of the holographic universe, we have to start with two things, a black hole, and Stephen Hawking. A black hole is an object with so much gravity that even light cannot escape it. Near a black hole, there is something called the event horizon, that is the point beyond which light is stuck, it cannot escape the gravity. Space itself is falling inside the blackhole at the speed of light. The event horizon of a black hole forms a sphere around the black hole. We don’t really know much what happens inside the black hole. Things falling in seen to leave our universe and end up elsewhere.
Stephen Hawking, in 1981, proposed that this event horizon may be breaking one of the fundamental rules of physics - conservation of information. He showed that things that fall into the black hole seemingly disappear from this universe forever, that information is destroyed. This is the information paradox.
How is information destroyed? You can burn a book. Doesn’t that destroy information? Not exactly, the information is still available in the universe. If we had the right quantum tools to recapture all the energy and matter from the burning process, we could theoretically put all the information back together again. Nothing is lost in terms of quantum mechanics.
Stephen Hawking was saying something different. This was so earth shattering to quantum physicists. Two physicists that were shocked by Hawkings paper were Gerard t’ Hooft and Leonard Suskind. They proposed a solution to the information paradox, and in 1997, Argentinian physicist Juan Maldecena, put it in very precise mathematical terms.
What they showed is that even though information is lost inside the black hole, a perfect copy of it remains on the surface of the event horizon. This perfect copy is something like a hologram. This is the holographic principle - this is a property of quantum theory which resolves the black hole information paradox.
How do scientists come up with crazy concepts like this? Usually, breakthrough theories are derived from prior work done by other scientists. In this case, the scientist was Israeli physicist Jacob Bekenstein. In 1972, Bekenstein derived an equation that showed the maximum amount of entropy that any volume of space can have.
Information theory shows that this equation also represents the total amount of quantum information that can be held in any volume of space. Notice that the equation does not include volume, only the surface area. Total entropy or information in any given volume is related to surface area of the volume, not the volume itself. That’s surprising.
This equation acted as inspiration for scientists like ‘t Hooft, Suskind and Maldecena, to find further truths about the universe.
For a black hole, the holographic principle states that the description of all the objects which will ever fall in is entirely contained in surface fluctuations of the event horizon. This is where the concept of a hologram comes from because that’s what a hologram is, a 2 dimensional representation of a 3 dimensional object.
How is this related out our universe being a hologram, because we don’t seemingly live inside a black hole? These scientists extrapolated this holographic principle mathematically to show that our entire three dimensional universe can also be perfectly represented on the 2D surface of the universe. We are mathematically a projection of the information smeared on the two dimensional horizon of the universe. This horizon surrounds the entire universe and is located infinitely far away, so we could never reach it.
Does this mean we are living inside a black hole? No, that’s not what they are saying. They are just saying that any 3 dimensional space can be represented by a 2 dimensional surface. And just like anything on the inside of a black hole is a projection of this 2 dimensional surface on the event horizon, we too are a projection of this 2 dimensional surface of the universe.
So, are we really on the inside of the sphere or are we on the surface of the sphere? What you should understand is that the idea of a 2D surface is a mathematical construct. And even though it is rock solid mathematically, it doesn’t necessarily make it the fundamental nature of reality.
#Holographicuniverse
#Arvinash - Наука та технологія
That’s such a relief. When I’ve been insulted as a completely 2 dimensional personality I now realise it was a commentary on the nature of the universe and nothing personal
haha.
hahaha.
Hahahah
.
This made me L.O.L for real!
Hard science delivered in a soft way! Nice channel.
Hard to believe
So soft it's squishy.
We are hologram on a Aliens credit card...lol
Smart. lol
We are in black hole and in our universe there is a milions of black hole and in every black hole there is black hole
The closest I'll ever get to be rich lol
It's actually possible who knows?
I love how clearly you explain these concepts, great vid and fascinating channel.
I actually was able to understand & grasp the concept here. I like the way you explain things. Thanks for the good video.
keep making these top quality videos and i personally hope you get noticed and get the views you deserve
As always great video ! Nice to see a quality and instructive vid ! Hope you're doing "out there" in the future . tanks !
Wow, I am extremely impressed. You are the first to explain the holographic principle in a way that makes it clear. Before now I thought it to be science fiction. Now it makes sense to me. Although that does make sense I do know that we are not merely holograms although information about all the physical universe, including us, could be part of the information over the entire surface boundary of the cosmos. Thank you very much indeed! I am happy to have found your channel. I have also enjoyed your other videos other than those about scientific subjects. Thanks for your generosity in sharing and the simplicity in which you deliver it. Thank you very much Arvin!!! 👍
Great channel!! I'm subbed! Loved your way and line of explanation. Really cool! Keep it up! :)
I'm glad the videos contain a written summary, I really needed it in this case.
What baffles me the most about all this is.....how the heck do you not have more subscribers with this top notch content!? ^_^
Mr .Ash your videos are the most normal and understanding in You Tube
Arvin, Great video as always. If you’re looking for suggestions, I’d appreciate it if you could make a video explaining the general and special theories of relativity. I’ve been struggling trying to figure it out on my own and I know you would simplify the issues in a beautiful concise manner. Thanks again, Arthello.
It's on my list. Thanks for the suggestion my friend.
Amazing food for thought!! Excellent video!!
Very well expressed, thank you for this video.
Wow, great content and excellent delivery!
Your so good explaining everything’. This is some of the greatest gift. I would wish I had you as my teacher. And voila In away you are. Thank you 😊
Wait, physicists don’t work in a vacuum, they work at the very edge of one! 🤪
Ok, Arvin, I watched this video as you recommended. Very interesting and compelling. So what happens when the limit of information that can be stored on the event horizon is reached? Does the surface grow in some way to accommodate more information? Also, if this information is forever inaccessible to any entity outside of the black hole, is it still truly information? How does that differ from the information being "lost?" Apologies for my lack of understanding of this level of physics.
Just discovered your channel and love the info, presentation and opinion. Thanks for sharing.
Thanks my friend. And welcome.
Gosh this guy explains complex hypotheses so good. Glad to have stumbled on this channel. 👌🏽
wow. such production value. much quality. so info. brane.
Just discovered your channel last night. Great content. I have a feeling it's not going to be a very productive night at work tonight...😀
I think that He is from India country?
haha...welcome. My father used to tell me, "nobody can ever take away your education."
I read about this before but still wondering where the information on event horizon go after the black hole vaporizes? Also when the blackhole loses mass due to Hawking Radiation its surface area should shrink too, and the information on the event horizon would only increase isn't it?
Those are some legitimate questions, exactly what I thought.
Great question! I did not get into the details of Hawking radiation in the interest of simplification. Hawking initially calculated that information would be irretrievably lost, and not recoverable from the eventual evaporation of the black hole. The holographic theory from Suskind et al, showed that information is preserved on the event horizon. So the way, quantum information is preserved in Hawking radiation, as I understand it (there may be other interpretations) is that Hawking Radiation is not purely thermal or random, but receives quantum corrections due to the information being preserved on the event horizon.
@@ArvinAsh thanks for the reply 😉 great content you got in this channel! So in a sense Hawkin Radiation might return quantum information back to the universe, yeah that could explain but hard to verify, just like many theories unfortunately
@@ArvinAsh In other videos, it's said that people lack full perception of the 4th dimension (time). Now, this video is implying that the universe may only be 2 dimensions. Regarding this hologram theory, are we speaking only spatially and assuming time will always be there as an added (+1) dimension? Also, does the hologram theory contradict physics theories requiring added dimensions?
@@MrGriff305 Time is NOT the fourth dimension ffs! It is what Einstein assumed. He thought of Space and time to be one fabric Space-Time but by 4th dimension he means a Temporal Dimension. KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DIMENSIONS.
Hey Mr Ash, How does Dennis Gabor fit into the story, a friend of mine told me he had some hand in the hologram theory. Thanks! (Great video's btw)
Nice !
very well explained especially the information paradoxe
Your explanation on most complicated physics is really admiring .
_yeah .. i like your style/perspective .. i'm hooked_ :;]
Thanks! See you in the next video.
@Oz jak .. yeah .. i been seriously considering it for a couple of years .... and 'pointer theory' ;]
Very well explained thank you Arvin!!!
Thanks for the video, you did a great job explaining it. The holographic principle is a great perspective to keep in your back pocket.
Wow...another great all around video. I love it when you guys dummy it down to the poet level.
7:14
Then any 4D structure can be represented on 3D surface!!!
Then why can't we manage to get a grip on 4+1 dimensions
Also, if we are a projection of the information stored on the 2D surface of the event horizon, does that mean that we are lost information to aliens or specie outside that event horizon?
That's why we can't access them and they can't access us?
Sir....hats off to your explanation technique...I m a regular viewer of your videos...you make complex things look simple...you are genious....
amazing simplification .. artful presentation of highly mathematical calculations..thanks for enlightening general audience..physics rocks! keep up the great work!
You Sir are The
first person to describe to a non scientist what “information” is!!! So many talk about it but never define it for the non academic. Am I sure your explanation of “information” lacks the complexity that you understand about it? Absolutely. But a finger hold on the rock face of knowledge is significant.
"We normally dont think twice about the world that we live in."
...pardon?
and your first idea is usually the right one
WE watching this channel probably all think about the world/universe a lot, but your average person definitely doesn't.
I assume he means that we normally think spacetime is fundamental, but according to some theories it is not. So in a way the room you are in and the distance between things is not "real" or is an emergent illusion.
@@timo4258 which means ur virgina is infinite
😂
This shows when we die we must go somewhere since energy cannot be destroyed
It is correct that energy and information are conserved. But this does not mean that consciousness is conserved. There is no evidence for that. So while, yes, all your energy and all the information of you will remain in this universe, it is likely transformed such that your consciousness will not survive.
Arvin Ash yet no one can tell if all consciousness is one entity shared individually among sentient beings or if it just disappears. Most likely it goes to another being. You are gone but your consciousness is not because all sentient beings are conscious.
@@ArvinAsh Conveniently, we don't even understand how consciousness exists in the first place. Example: single celled organisms can exhibit altristic traits without having a brain at all.
@@coolsht7225 lol, so goes the mystery of consciousness. Even the greatest minds in history haven't determined if consciousness is "just" some weird force, or not. It seems that "we" aren't even brainwaves, "we" just ride those waves, and when the waves lengthen we simply disperse into the void.
@@quasimobius the void or the oasis of consciousness it's either or.
Arvin .. Big fan of your videos . The beauty being you always anticipate the questions of the viewers . You were literally asking and answering every question that came to me . Brilliant simplicity and clarity !
Awesome! Makes complex ideas so reachable!
Your explanations are simply awesome...👍👌
Best explanation for this theory ever ! ❤️
WoW, I was wondering how the universe can exist on a brane. Nice visuals.
So fascinating! Thank you!😀
Finally you put that faulty hard drive to good use huh
Amazing, subscribed.
Amazing video , made so much sense of time space and consciousness
Hi Arvin. Thanks for amazing videos!
I have a question. If black hole eats everything and matter disappears (everything checks in but nothing checks out) why universe is expanding and NOT shrinking?
Contrary to popular belief, black holes do not suck in everything around them. There is no sucking going on. For example, if you replaced the sun with an equally massive black hole, the orbit of earth and all the other planets would remain exactly the same as current. Black holes are like a hole in the forest. Just because it is there does not mean that all the nearby trees will fall into it. However, it things get very close to the hole, then they will fall in.
That is utterly mind-blowing!! 😮
Love your videos man keeo up the good work god bless you
You explain things perfectly.
Arvin Ash, first as usual I love your videos. My question today is to you think the double slit experiment and the which way test, also prove this since the wave function collapsed after being measured or documented? I personally have thought a lot about this the last 5 years or so. It’s interesting
Thanks for the compliment. I don't believe the double slit experiment proves holographic theory one way or another. I believe the results would be the same whether we existed on a hologram or in 3D. There is a lot of mathematical acrobatics going on in extending the holographic principle from black holes to the entire universe. I tend to think it represents more mathematical theory than nature of reality.
I honestly think the entire composition of the double slit experiment says if someone is not observing something it’s a wave and not a particle. So maybe it’s a hologram until it’s observed and that makes it our reality. I guess if a tree falls in the woods and no one is there it doesn’t make a noise. Lol
This sort of all leans into the simulation theory right?
Excellent informative video... thanks... keep it up.....
Nice ending.
Amazing videos!
I like this channel. really good.
Thanks for the video , your explanation was simply wonderful.
Alice in Wonderland has more credibility
@@hellofromdavid probably , but still he explains well
@@SoulGriev30 - I agree :)
Well expressed.Thank you, Arvin,
Is it science or story-telling?
@@hellofromdavid Yes!
The greatest beauty of his presentation is this... He can express the most confusing and difficult science like beautiful story
@@silvithomas - Hug.
Your style of expression to represent difficult ideas but in easy to understand way is quite impressive.
Karachi
having an existential crisis (in the best way)
What Arvin does, is very very important...He explains complicated scientific views in simple way...so that ordinary people can understand why science is so fundemantal for humankind...
y'all need Leonard Susskind in your life when it comes to the Holographic Principle. He's the modern day Feynman in his ability to communicate advanced physics.
Very nicely explained. Arvin Ash is a master communicator.
Then I start to wonder even further: can the information on the 2D surface be projected from a 1D string?
hmmm... a spiral can cover a plane...
excellent !
This actually is pretty suprising when you think about it and the theory of the Akashic Record, because it states that all possible information that can ever be thought of is just in the universe floating around somewhere, and that even when people come up with ideas they just somehow connected to this Akashic record and recieved it :) @Arvin Ash
Love you Arvin! And your "Last Airbender" hairdo!
Thanks Susan. And like the last airbender, I have a birthmark on my forehead that looks like a patch of hair.
@@ArvinAsh Oh,a little hollywood makeup would do. Stars do it all the time. You are now a star!
Thanks for explaining the unexplainable much appreciated!.So these are all the rules of the simulation we are living on?.This has to be the hardest game I’ve ever played smh i need more help !🙇🏼♂️
'..all the energy you created by burning it'.. That felt like needle in the eye.
i have thought about this for a long time glad to see something on it
Great, opening mind channel.
What about Hawking radiation? Does the holographic principal work in conjunction with hawing radiation? Or in place of?
Thank you very much. Another great example of why I watch you.
I really enjoy your lectures but I need to get in touch with you I need to tell you a story about something that happened to me for years ago.
Excellent overview of highlights of the Holographic Principle. Leonard Susskind has some worthwhile arXiv papers on the subject, as do the others cited in your video. It is worth noting that some of Hawking's papers contain puns that are often found in the title and elsewhere in his papers. Unfortunately, many of these humorouslt titled papers predate the arXiv, and are not posted therein.
Best explanations ever.
Each of your videos make me see things differently in a good sense.
Thanks my friend. I appreciate the positive feedback. See you in the next video.
Wow, you always get me to put on my thinking cap! Another fantastic video!
✋🏻🔷 hi
I want to know the correct phenomen for creation and begning of the universe ,
and the date of discovery that ?
Excellent video! Our body is the 3d projection of the 2d patterns within ourselves, the challenges we face within ourselves determine the challenges we are faced with externally.
That's a very interesting interpretation!
I think the mind fits that more
Ie its the opposite
well put
Can you make a video on quantum cinsciousness - orch-or theory? Thanks & Love from Turkey
I made one already. Take a look and let me know what you think: ua-cam.com/video/bqk1oL42r5s/v-deo.html
What's interesting to me is that it only applies to QM particles ..and not spacetime objects. We are told anything that goes into a blackhole is spaghettified ..turned into quantum waves. It then works out that the holographic principle is only handling information stored in quantum waves. Quantum waves hold the information for the physical object they represent.
I think it's telling us that spacetime is a special occurrence. We are likely in a black hole of quantum waves ..but something sparked the dimension of spacetime for us. The black holes we see in our dimension probably do not have spacetime enacted within them.
So is "God" a sentient life form got swallowed up by a black hole? And that's how we have consciousness in this Universe?
@@aleatoriac7356 I'm open to what caused the spark, I like your idea.
@@aleatoriac7356 god = spacetime = observation
This is a simple analog that makes it easy to swallow: a 1-eyed person sees a 2D world (no depth) with 3D information. The location of our 2 eyes give us two 2D images in parallax, that "tricks" us into seeing 3D.
Another way to think about it is by considering stereoscopic images (magic eye, or cross-eyed images). If we have two 2D photos taken in proper parallax perspectives, we can adjust our 2 eyes to see a 3D space on a 2D surface, like a piece of paper or on a video monitor.
It's really not hard to accept that we live in a 2D space with 3D info with the proper frame to contextualize the idea.
If the event horizon contains the 3D information on a 2D plane, what happens to time?
Rob Bennett time doesn’t exist in a black hole
Imagining our reality as the inside surface of a quantum bubble. Lovely, makes sense... would simplify things... or maybe not.
Need to watch it more times.
Thank you for explaining it in layman’s terms for us that don’t have a phD in physics
So this whole video is trying to tell me that I'm a credit card hologram in somebody's pocket?
Welllll................."my life has meaning now"
"All hail credit card holder!"
Yep. lol
nope it ur the booger in somebodyelse nose
I wish I was this smart
So how do the eight dimensions of the E8 lattice or the eleven dimensions of string theory fit as a hologram on a 2D surface?
Your explanations are the best I've ever come across, for physicist-wannabes like me... Thank you
So im thinking, if a black hole has an event horizon and able to store all information on a two dimensional space then is it safe to say that a black hole is Facing in one particular direction?
Fascinating.....it could just be right
Definitely man!! On the inside of the sphere, that’s what I think too. 👍🏻
I seem to be missing something. How and why is a copy of the information made at the Event Horizon? What is the physical process?
Valid question. One way to think of it is that from our frame of reference, time slows down as objects approach the event horizon. Time, from our perspective, stops completely at the event horizon, since gravity is so intense. Things get crushed and remain on the event horizon from our perspective. As to why this happens - because information has to be conserved, and things cannot irretrievably leave our universe completely. There is more to this but this is a simplistic version to help visualize. Hopefully that helps.
@@ArvinAsh Hmmmm, I kinda thought that might be the answer. Surely this is only a ghost image and not actually a copy of the information then? Any such image would vanish within a certain about of time too? Agreed, information cannot truly be destroyed but it isn't really being destroyed once it goes beyond the Event Horizon is it? There are a couple of ways to think about it once this happens. The laws of physics break down beyond our understanding and the information although lost is still within the Black Hole and/or it is expelled in Hawking Radiation. Also, the whole idea of time 'stopping' also doesn't sit well with me. Time is relative to speed and only slows to the point of the fastest speed we can possibly travel, which of course will never be light speed. To exemplify time stopping at 100% the speed of light means nothing IMO and people who offer such unrealistic examples start to veer off into the world of science fiction. I kinda think this Holographic Universe is much of the same thing. I can't write an Equation but I could muster all sorts of plausible theories without it. I've several theories about why numbers aren't infinite and what happens in our Universe once there is nothing left but Black Holes. I think they're more convincing than some of the main stream ones out there.
Arvin, In books like "The holographic universe" by Michael Talbot the definition of a hologram means something different, that in a holographic picture if you take a small portion of it you can reproduce the wholo picture , a portion of it contains information to reproduce the whole
I think this needed a little bit of description of the term 'information' as understood in the game of Physics.
Yes, see my latest video on Entropy - I explain information much more deeply as it related to physics.
I've reading about Holographic principle and ads/cft, what i can't seem to understand is how is that projection happens. Plus isn't ads/cft the 3d representation of 4d universe if so why are scientists trying to modeling it into 3d universe on 2d surface can't they accept the idea that our universe might be 4d and we are in 3d?
Btw nice video as always 👌
can you explain what a 2D surface is? I have a hard time imagining it. Any surface I can think of has thickness.
And who does your animation and graphics? they are as mind blowing as your topics.
Daryoosh M that can only be virtual, since in 3D world everything has 3 dimensions, even the smallest particles
Imagine a piece of paper that you can see and write on, but when you look at the edge it is so thin that it disappears. Touch Bionics is correct that we really can't visualize it in 3D, but that is the best analogy I can think of.
the visuals were so great that I actually thought you were talking about spacial dimensions
Yes, and anytime there exists only one atom in the Z axis orientation you have a 3D universe.
Please make a science vlog on Gaseous Diffusion...you're halfway there already...lol.
good concept.
Maybe the universe is a hologram, but when I get up in the morning I still need to take a leak.
5:50 I found that confusing. Shouldn't increasing surface area of an object also increase its volume?