7:57 The core of the sun, where fusion actually takes place, is about 10-15 million Kelvin. That temperature is also considered low. Stars get away with it by trading temperature with pressure to make up the difference needed to get nuclei to fuse. In man-made machine, you'd need temperatures of about 100 million Kelvin all contained by powerful magnets and walls cooled from all the radiative heat.
Fun fact about our sun, the surface is only around 6000 degree. So the factorio plasma is orders of magnitude hotter than our sun surface. Though sun core where fusion happens is ~10 million degrees, and artificial fusion require ~100 million degrees b/c we can't create sun gravity in our reactor to help out the reaction. Turned out the factorio plasma is perhaps 2 order of magnitude too cold, but no astrophysicist or game dev would be loosing any sleep if they are just only one or two zero off.
8:22 in Fusion reactors, plasma is contained in an electromagnetic field which keeps the plasma from touching the walls of the reactors which are also cooled. This is way these reactors also have a power cost to them its to power the EM shielding and the cooling systems. Which is why here in real life we dont have Fusion power yet, its because we dont have better super conductors to make the shielding, because it costs so much more power to cool the reactors then what they can make atm. To put things simply.
Not a nuclear physicist, but I believe that theoretical / proof of concept fusion reactors do get stupidly ridiculously hot. Maybe not millions of degrees, but up there. However the reaction is contained within a magnetic field, so no material needs to be able to withstand that heat during the reaction.
As the Sun is big, it can fuse hydrogen at around 1M degrees. Because our fusion reactors are smaller than the Sun, we need higher temperatures of 100M+ degrees to produce useful amounts of energy. A very spicy fusion meatball
That's partially correct. The plasma gets incredibly hot and is contained by a magnetic field. But it instantly cools down when it hits the wall, because it's not much plasma. The magnetic field isn't to protect the walls, it's to protect the plasma from cooling down.
actually fusion reactors use something in the order of 50-120 million degrees! Though the mass is generally incredibly small so its not like a superheated sun in there its just something to force fusion to happen without the assistance of gravity that you generally get when you are 90% of the solar system's mass
@@SeventhEntropy into the wall. Again, the plasma is incredible hot, but it doesn't have a lot of mass. It's like throwing a glowing block of steel into the ocean and expecting the ocean to heat.
@@asmkalrizion7078 fun fact, mods can replace textures, and therefore act as texture packs. I think the only popular one I've ever seen was the one that up-rezzed the remaining textures after they doubled the resolution, but iirc they completely finished that in 1.0 so the mod isn't necessary anymore
I wonder whether there could end up being other uses for the superheated plasma than just generating power (like with steam being used for coal liquefaction) - it could be an interesting challenge to try to route inputs and outputs for crafting in amongst crafters that have to be directly connected to a fusion plant (or each other) with the potential to use the adjacency bonuses to reward clever spaghetti with more crafters per reactor/fuel cell/coolant. If Wube don't do it I've no doubt there are mod authors watching closely and dreaming of the potential...
@@gnutrino absolutely! That would be really cool. One thing I'd like is some sort of crazy late game plasma turret or something that just vaporizes bugs hehe
I feel there is a way to make pipes work with this idea. Some magnetic confinement pipe that required electricity to use. Would open up to new layouts and designs. But couldn't be abused because of cost.
Buffering power is absolutely a thing you can do with nuclear. build more turbines than your reactors can support and store excess steam in storage tanks. Steam builds up during low power and gets used when power draw peaks.
@@Xterminator Yeah, but I think you actually *can* buffer (current) surplus nuclear energy. Shouldn't you be able to build an ever longer row of heat pipes, so that they will conserve any extra heat output from connected reactors until all of them are 1000 °C, then build the next heat pipe, etc.
Why would you ever do this (in 1.1)? One uranium patch is a _ridiculous_ amount of fuel, and you burn fuel at a fixed rate, whether or not you need the power. I get that people over-engineer stuff for the sake of over-engineering stuff, but for nuclear it's just off the rails.
At least the higher tier assemblers. I know they have different mechanisms, but it really just blends into a square building with coloured paint. Some arms with welders and grinders would add some real noticeable differences.
The line art gives me Studio Ghibli or 90s Gundam vibes. Super excited to get my hands on this building though. The power generation late game is going to rock
Another fantastic FFF video! This sounds fascinating! I think the fact you have to maintain power in the machine itself is interesting. I assume when you completely run out of power, the plasma "loses containment" and therefor you lose all stored energy which is fascinating. I dont think fusion will be in the last planet. I think it will require resource on all 3 of the new planets. You mention its blue and the last planet that we know is cold, but the EM plant on Fulgora is also blue. It also makes sense that the resource on Fulgora is homium, which is for magnets, which is needed for containment. Tungsten is used in tokamaks as well. So maybe something we get from Gleba is used for the fuel or another process? What im interested in is the cooling machine and what other uses it would have. If it was only for this, it would be shown. I wonder if we also need to sometimes impart heat into something, potentially needing to integrate it with heat pipes?!
This may be niche, but my favorite part of the entire game was building reactors and designing them. However I was just complaining that there is only one solution to optimized reactors. 2x(however many) they had to be perfectly aligned so on and so forth. However I did not want to mention it online in case a dev saw it and wanted to rework it or start something like this. I am tickled pink and absolutely hyped
"I feel like that's hotter than the sun" - that's the point, stars are just free-floating self-sustaining fusion reactors out in space. Tokamak-style reactors, like these appear to be modeled after, where the gaseous fuel is heated in a donut/torus-shaped ring while containing the reaction with a crazy powerful magnetic field, have to heat the gas used as fuel to hotter-than-the-surface-of-the-sun temperatures to ignite the plasma (ignition is an actual term in fusion, it's not about lighting on fire or anything). It's not even a sci-fi thing, we can do it here on Earth already, its just that modern test reactors currently struggle with getting out more power than they use, and also with the plasma damaging the magnetic containment walls over time because the magnetic field needs to adjust in real time to the shape of the plasma within the torus to keep it contained, and that isn't easy.
I'm kinda in between with the changing of graphics of the portable fusion reactor.. I mean, just give some of that pink glow to it, indicate there's hot plasma inside, and I'm happy.
I absolutely love the addition of fusion power into the game as an end-game power option. The one thing that slightly disappoints me about the new fusion system is the fact that the coolant disappears inside the reactor, then reappears as a product of the generator, despite there only being a plasma connection between them. I would have preferred each of those machines to consume cold coolant and produce hot coolant, or have the coolant travel from the reactor to the generator in a more obvious way. Perhaps the devs tried this and it made layouts too messy? either way, still really hyped to have a go with this when the expansion is released!
Plasma is guided by magnetic fields and never touches anything. What I don´t like is that the plasma is moved out of the reactor. Pretty sure that is not the way it would be done in reality. Would be way to complicated. Holding the plasma inside the donut reactor is hard enough.
You can store steam using storage tanks, can't you? Its just not very usual because the boiler already regulates production automatically according to demand unlike nuclear Edit: You can also store the steam from regular nuclear in tanks, just like fusion has a plasma buffer
@@ingiford175 lol, I don't mean to be 'that guy' but uh, I think you may want to read that part again yourself 😉 It says "The nuclear energy system is unlocked on Nauvis" when talking about your current Nuclear Power in the game. Not the Fusion reactor power
@@Xterminator Yeah, but the MC community is full of custom texture packs, many of which have huge fan bases. Not necessarily sure if a mod can change the textures on vanilla items - it'd be a huge help if it was native to the game, then people would be aware of it and more incentivized to make their own texture packs.
It's disappointing they they are using fluids again. The whole reason why nuclear is not feasible for large bases is because of the fluid modeling calculations that kill your UPS. It looks like they are building in the same problems to fusion.
Not directly, that we know of yet. Although the EM plant and Foundry are like an upgraded assembler for some products (it's limited on what it can craft though). There may be a new machine on the last planet that fills in the remaining gaps perhaps!
well i think all this new factro dlc is just factrio devs haveing the factro space expanded mod devoper make his mod bascly offcal game dlc. this is so we don't have to have a bunch of mod file folders makeing mac os mod packs crash for space expaned mod packs. this is due to how factor laods and manages mod files when sarting up ends up far to many being to many folder files beging silutaously accesed in like one huge non stop file acces conut even if they could stager mod file laoding and unloading in groups when loading all teh mod file data so it doesnt crash on mac os. but i keep teling the devs this but they don't lissen to me.
but thats why the dlc exists so we can have space stuff wihout pushing mac os past the simtalous fire mod lading file count so ahrd it can't even load to the main menu even with mod fully disabled.
4 місяці тому
I’m starting to dislike that they call the star “Sun”. Sun only applies to the Solar System, which the Earth belongs to. Nauvis has a different star.
If a planetary system has a star in the middle it's called a sun from what I know. Also there's an article by NASA called "Other Skies, Other Suns: the Search for Exoplanet Atmospheres". That title, and the article, would indicate that there's more than one sun.
That's nitpicking, it's better to just call it sun so that it's easily understood they're talking about a star. The point of the game is automation, not world building
I love how the high tech buildings are so big in the expansion. It greatly supports the immersion of them being on a whole different level.
And it feels like they're a well-designed large, in contrast to some modpacks that feel like they're just making things big because they can
And with the larger area of effect on the big drills, there is now a reason to use beacons on mining
YESSS!!! Finally fusion is not just a decade away!
7:57 The core of the sun, where fusion actually takes place, is about 10-15 million Kelvin. That temperature is also considered low. Stars get away with it by trading temperature with pressure to make up the difference needed to get nuclei to fuse. In man-made machine, you'd need temperatures of about 100 million Kelvin all contained by powerful magnets and walls cooled from all the radiative heat.
They really upped their game with all the new machine art designs. Everything they showed us so far looks so good!
Fun fact about our sun, the surface is only around 6000 degree. So the factorio plasma is orders of magnitude hotter than our sun surface.
Though sun core where fusion happens is ~10 million degrees, and artificial fusion require ~100 million degrees b/c we can't create sun gravity in our reactor to help out the reaction.
Turned out the factorio plasma is perhaps 2 order of magnitude too cold, but no astrophysicist or game dev would be loosing any sleep if they are just only one or two zero off.
xkcd 2205 - what's an order of magnitude between friends ;)
You'll probably need to harvest deuterium from the ice planet after putting heavy water through a centrifuge.
@@Eveseptir will be interested how close your guess is to what it ends up being! We will know pretty soon Id imagine.
8:22 in Fusion reactors, plasma is contained in an electromagnetic field which keeps the plasma from touching the walls of the reactors which are also cooled. This is way these reactors also have a power cost to them its to power the EM shielding and the cooling systems. Which is why here in real life we dont have Fusion power yet, its because we dont have better super conductors to make the shielding, because it costs so much more power to cool the reactors then what they can make atm. To put things simply.
iirc most shielding is passive. What takes a lot of power is maitaining a magnetic trap around the plasma, and high vacuum in a large volume.
A fusion power plant would have to be hotter than the sun because it lacks the pressure to force molecules together
Not a nuclear physicist, but I believe that theoretical / proof of concept fusion reactors do get stupidly ridiculously hot. Maybe not millions of degrees, but up there. However the reaction is contained within a magnetic field, so no material needs to be able to withstand that heat during the reaction.
As the Sun is big, it can fuse hydrogen at around 1M degrees. Because our fusion reactors are smaller than the Sun, we need higher temperatures of 100M+ degrees to produce useful amounts of energy. A very spicy fusion meatball
That's partially correct. The plasma gets incredibly hot and is contained by a magnetic field. But it instantly cools down when it hits the wall, because it's not much plasma.
The magnetic field isn't to protect the walls, it's to protect the plasma from cooling down.
@@youareliedtobythemedia Where do you think all that heat energy goes if the plasma cools down?
actually fusion reactors use something in the order of 50-120 million degrees! Though the mass is generally incredibly small so its not like a superheated sun in there its just something to force fusion to happen without the assistance of gravity that you generally get when you are 90% of the solar system's mass
@@SeventhEntropy into the wall. Again, the plasma is incredible hot, but it doesn't have a lot of mass. It's like throwing a glowing block of steel into the ocean and expecting the ocean to heat.
The gif with the reactor and the rain falling is absolute peak, so beautiful.
i Would love a line art texture pack. Would even pay for it.
texture packs in general would be cool
Ikr, I'm all about that mecha style.
@@asmkalrizion7078 fun fact, mods can replace textures, and therefore act as texture packs. I think the only popular one I've ever seen was the one that up-rezzed the remaining textures after they doubled the resolution, but iirc they completely finished that in 1.0 so the mod isn't necessary anymore
I wonder whether there could end up being other uses for the superheated plasma than just generating power (like with steam being used for coal liquefaction) - it could be an interesting challenge to try to route inputs and outputs for crafting in amongst crafters that have to be directly connected to a fusion plant (or each other) with the potential to use the adjacency bonuses to reward clever spaghetti with more crafters per reactor/fuel cell/coolant.
If Wube don't do it I've no doubt there are mod authors watching closely and dreaming of the potential...
@@gnutrino absolutely! That would be really cool. One thing I'd like is some sort of crazy late game plasma turret or something that just vaporizes bugs hehe
wait, are you suggesting fusion drive that eject plasma to achieve spaceship victory?
I feel there is a way to make pipes work with this idea. Some magnetic confinement pipe that required electricity to use. Would open up to new layouts and designs. But couldn't be abused because of cost.
Buffering power is absolutely a thing you can do with nuclear. build more turbines than your reactors can support and store excess steam in storage tanks. Steam builds up during low power and gets used when power draw peaks.
Yeah for sure. I guess I needed to be more specific, that I meant you can't do it inherently within the system.
thats bad for ups
@@emersonmatheus8611 fluid will be reworked in 2.0, so it will probably be fine after the update
@@Xterminator Yeah, but I think you actually *can* buffer (current) surplus nuclear energy. Shouldn't you be able to build an ever longer row of heat pipes, so that they will conserve any extra heat output from connected reactors until all of them are 1000 °C, then build the next heat pipe, etc.
Why would you ever do this (in 1.1)? One uranium patch is a _ridiculous_ amount of fuel, and you burn fuel at a fixed rate, whether or not you need the power. I get that people over-engineer stuff for the sake of over-engineering stuff, but for nuclear it's just off the rails.
We need a rework of the assembly machine. Its so soulless and simplistic compared to the new buildings.
At least the higher tier assemblers. I know they have different mechanisms, but it really just blends into a square building with coloured paint. Some arms with welders and grinders would add some real noticeable differences.
8:15 it doesnt melt through because its a very low mass (one millionth atmospheres of density) of plasma suspended in a magnetic field
The line art gives me Studio Ghibli or 90s Gundam vibes. Super excited to get my hands on this building though. The power generation late game is going to rock
@@ajschwartz3924 yes! I thought it reminded me of something else but couldn't place it. Definitely like 90s Gundam or transformers maybe
I hope they keep with the theme and make it so that factorio guy can craft the fusion reactor by hand
9:47 yes we do have this already. Just buffer the steam from the NPP and consume it on demand.
Another fantastic FFF video! This sounds fascinating! I think the fact you have to maintain power in the machine itself is interesting. I assume when you completely run out of power, the plasma "loses containment" and therefor you lose all stored energy which is fascinating.
I dont think fusion will be in the last planet. I think it will require resource on all 3 of the new planets. You mention its blue and the last planet that we know is cold, but the EM plant on Fulgora is also blue. It also makes sense that the resource on Fulgora is homium, which is for magnets, which is needed for containment. Tungsten is used in tokamaks as well. So maybe something we get from Gleba is used for the fuel or another process?
What im interested in is the cooling machine and what other uses it would have. If it was only for this, it would be shown. I wonder if we also need to sometimes impart heat into something, potentially needing to integrate it with heat pipes?!
This may be niche, but my favorite part of the entire game was building reactors and designing them. However I was just complaining that there is only one solution to optimized reactors. 2x(however many) they had to be perfectly aligned so on and so forth. However I did not want to mention it online in case a dev saw it and wanted to rework it or start something like this. I am tickled pink and absolutely hyped
"I feel like that's hotter than the sun" - that's the point, stars are just free-floating self-sustaining fusion reactors out in space. Tokamak-style reactors, like these appear to be modeled after, where the gaseous fuel is heated in a donut/torus-shaped ring while containing the reaction with a crazy powerful magnetic field, have to heat the gas used as fuel to hotter-than-the-surface-of-the-sun temperatures to ignite the plasma (ignition is an actual term in fusion, it's not about lighting on fire or anything). It's not even a sci-fi thing, we can do it here on Earth already, its just that modern test reactors currently struggle with getting out more power than they use, and also with the plasma damaging the magnetic containment walls over time because the magnetic field needs to adjust in real time to the shape of the plasma within the torus to keep it contained, and that isn't easy.
I'm kinda in between with the changing of graphics of the portable fusion reactor.. I mean, just give some of that pink glow to it, indicate there's hot plasma inside, and I'm happy.
Great Video! I'm really looking forward to trying out Fusion power in the new version!!
I absolutely love the addition of fusion power into the game as an end-game power option. The one thing that slightly disappoints me about the new fusion system is the fact that the coolant disappears inside the reactor, then reappears as a product of the generator, despite there only being a plasma connection between them. I would have preferred each of those machines to consume cold coolant and produce hot coolant, or have the coolant travel from the reactor to the generator in a more obvious way. Perhaps the devs tried this and it made layouts too messy? either way, still really hyped to have a go with this when the expansion is released!
Eerendal introducing space exploration's coolant system on that final planet!
Plasma is guided by magnetic fields and never touches anything. What I don´t like is that the plasma is moved out of the reactor. Pretty sure that is not the way it would be done in reality. Would be way to complicated. Holding the plasma inside the donut reactor is hard enough.
The coolant also travels through the connection so you might as well pretend that it serves as the main energy vessel
5 million C is about half of what stellar core has going on, but way more thatn surface temperatures (those for sun are around 5600 C)
Not 1.21 GW for full efficiency. Missed opportunity😂
They already did that joke. Nuclear fuel is 1.21 GJ.
@@SkorjOlafsen OIC, Didn't realize they already did that. I don't do nuclear much bc I just can't wrap my head around the Uranium ore to fuel process.
Interested in what will happen if one of these blows
That's not a danger with Fusion like it is with Fission, and even then today's reactors don't have the same risks as they used to.
You can store steam using storage tanks, can't you? Its just not very usual because the boiler already regulates production automatically according to demand unlike nuclear
Edit: You can also store the steam from regular nuclear in tanks, just like fusion has a plasma buffer
Oh an Anime Visual pack looks like it would be Cool to play with ( Like the early line art )
I wish we unlocked fusion IRL before in factorio 😥
Triple F 420 and no gardening?
420 - blaze it
Xterm, never change, second sentence he reads. Unlocked at Novis. Xterm: I think we unlock at the last planet because of color.
@@ingiford175 lol, I don't mean to be 'that guy' but uh, I think you may want to read that part again yourself 😉
It says "The nuclear energy system is unlocked on Nauvis" when talking about your current Nuclear Power in the game. Not the Fusion reactor power
Imagine if we had factorio texture packs
Would be amazing! Definitely something a mod could do I think. Would just be a huge amount of work though
@@Xterminator Yeah, but the MC community is full of custom texture packs, many of which have huge fan bases. Not necessarily sure if a mod can change the textures on vanilla items - it'd be a huge help if it was native to the game, then people would be aware of it and more incentivized to make their own texture packs.
1 to 10 million degrees is actually not that much. An actual fusion reactor needs to be more than 100 million degrees contained in a magnetic field.
Only 50 years away
It's disappointing they they are using fluids again. The whole reason why nuclear is not feasible for large bases is because of the fluid modeling calculations that kill your UPS. It looks like they are building in the same problems to fusion.
They're redoing fluids to alleviate the UPS issues. It was covered in one of the newer FFF's.
0:25 I thought quality didn’t increase the building power consumption, or am I wrong
@@spinba11 I'm pretty sure it does, but I'd need to double check tbh
Is there a Tier 4 Assembler?
Not directly, that we know of yet. Although the EM plant and Foundry are like an upgraded assembler for some products (it's limited on what it can craft though). There may be a new machine on the last planet that fills in the remaining gaps perhaps!
On top of those, there's also Quality, which basically quintuples the number of tiers of every building,
WHY NO STELLARATOR, lame pink donut 😢
I really like all your videos but my guy you gotta stop slurping your drink so loud in the mic 😂
@@Thiccron lol my bad. I'll try to mute when I take a drink 🍻
ooooooOOOOoooOOooooo
420 and nothing about weed. Fail
I almost said something lol
Imagine needing to say something everytime you see the number.
imagine that not everyone is into doing drugs.
well i think all this new factro dlc is just factrio devs haveing the factro space expanded mod devoper make his mod bascly offcal game dlc. this is so we don't have to have a bunch of mod file folders makeing mac os mod packs crash for space expaned mod packs. this is due to how factor laods and manages mod files when sarting up ends up far to many being to many folder files beging silutaously accesed in like one huge non stop file acces conut even if they could stager mod file laoding and unloading in groups when loading all teh mod file data so it doesnt crash on mac os. but i keep teling the devs this but they don't lissen to me.
but thats why the dlc exists so we can have space stuff wihout pushing mac os past the simtalous fire mod lading file count so ahrd it can't even load to the main menu even with mod fully disabled.
I’m starting to dislike that they call the star “Sun”. Sun only applies to the Solar System, which the Earth belongs to. Nauvis has a different star.
Can Sun not mean the light source for any solar system? Why does only our solar system have to use the term Sun?
If a planetary system has a star in the middle it's called a sun from what I know. Also there's an article by NASA called "Other Skies, Other Suns: the Search for Exoplanet Atmospheres". That title, and the article, would indicate that there's more than one sun.
That's nitpicking, it's better to just call it sun so that it's easily understood they're talking about a star. The point of the game is automation, not world building
Our sun is named Sol, or Helios.