Exactly! Torque is how hard something is rotating, horsepower is how much work that rotational force is doing… for instance a motor making 600ftlbs/300hp vs 300ftlbs/300hp as long as both engines are producing the same power they WILL pull the same weight all be it at a different RPM.
I disagree - I believe the difference in Torque was well-explained. The horse-power was constant. Since torque really only plays in the slower speed discussion, it makes perfect sense. Top speed is a different discussion altogether.
@@martinsvensson6884 then why can a 400hp truck pull 40tonnes and a 400hp sport car can pull 700kg??? Because hp isn't everything as explained in the video torque and rpm is.
I think it is important to show the fact that the lower-torque car has a higher top speed than the modified, higher-torque car. The lack of this clarification at the end might make someone wonder why any car has low torque if there seems to be no downside to raising it with gears or whatnot.
@@Docfly62 Yes the video is missing a head to head race. Where the higher torqued car would take the initial lead and eventually be overcome by the lower.
Torque=rotational force A force can be applied to something and no motion results. Without motion, there's no time measurement and no horsepower value.
@@ouroesa At the beginning when the cars couldn't pull the house- they were producing torque, however they did not move. The reason was horsepower. Well, not enough horsepower. So, you can either increase the hp of your motor or increase the amount of torque. You will do less work with more torque or more work with more hp. It's vastly more complicated than that, i.e.: friction, load, etc but you get the idea. You can move a mountain with a motor the size of a pencil eraser or the size of a warehouse. The only question is how fast do you need to move your mountain.
I still find the explanation for Mustang owners the simplest: _"horsepower is how fast you hit the crowd when pulling at cars and coffee, torque is how many bodies you can drag along before their weight forces your car to stop"_
2 cars that reach the 0-100 in 5 seconds do not cover the same distance in that time, the one with the most torque is the one that in that 5 seconds travels the most distance
Within an average, what is more valuable? that the peak of the action is reached at the beginning or the end, for example if you do the 0-100 in 5 seconds, and the average action is 0.56G, and this can be achieved in 2 ways that the first second the action is 1G and the rest of 0.45G, or that the first seconds are 0.45G and the last 1G, what method will allow you to travel more meters in that 0-100), a more extreme way to plan it is that the first second reaches 99KMH , and the other 4 you dedicate to adding that last KMH, the opposite would be that the first 4 seconds you only reach 1kmh and that last second you reach the remaining 99KMH, in what way would you travel more meters in that 0-100?
@@thekrakenrises9040 Power is torque X RPMs the higher the tachometer rises, the more power you have, a car with a lot of power but little torque will cost you up in the first moments, but a car with a lot of torque but little power will do very fast in the first moments but then it will you will run out of breath, in a 1/4 mile race in the first moments the car with more torque will move away even if it has the same 0-100 as the car with more power but ends up winning the car with more power for having better 100-200 , (the kinetic energy increases to the square of the speed), this is why a tesla model s performans beats a lamborginni aventador that has the same 0-100 2.7 seconds, in the first moments the tesla moves away but then the lamborginni to have better 100-200 surpasses it xD, sorry for my bad english
It is very straightforward when using identical electric motors and the difference in torque is created in the transmission and the torque is applied constantly. It gets a lot more complex when talking about internal combustion engines. This is because torque is applied in increasing and diminishing pulses once every 2 revolutions. The torque measure is effectively a factor of the amount of explosive force created by combustion at a given speed multiplied by the mechanical advantage derived by crankshaft design which is a constant. Its main use is to indicate how easily the engine can move a static load, or typically heavy loads at low rpm, it does not tell you how much work can be done and at what rate. BHP on the other hand uses the torque figure multiplied by how many times that force is applied each second. Thus if you are interested in how fast it can make a car go for instance Car A producing 100NM of torque at 2000rpm would do the same amount of work as Car B producing 50NM at 4000rpm and in theory equally in performance. How that converts to actual performance in a car is complex as gearing and mechanical losses also come into play but the basic principle is true. The typical engine speed that produces the biggest bang is around 3000 - 4000rpm and that is the maximum torque figure, after that combustion efficiency increasingly diminishes as engine speed rises so at say 7000rpm where it is doing more work and creating higher BHP with a smaller bang and less torque. Race engines are typically capable of efficiency at higher rpm and that is their advantage in creating higher BHP and performance.
I drive many different cars before and it’s interesting to compare the two extreme ends, high torque cars with low BHP, and high BHP cars with low torque. They surely drive very differently.
The amount of torque (turning moment) for an otto cycle gas engine (conventional auto) is limited by the length of the lever arm of the crankshaft. The equivalent 'lever arm' of an electric motor is the back emf. Which allows greatest torque at low rotational speeds.
Good explanation! It starts to make sense once you realize a gear is simply a series of levers arranged in an array around the gear's axis. Gears are "continuous levers".
@plixplop Continuous levers is a great way to think of gears! Understanding gearing is really helpful to understanding why power is meaningful. As you can intuit, thrust at the wheel is what matters, whether we are talking about towing a heavy load or reaching a high top speed. Thrust is the torque the engine puts out times the overall gearing divided by the wheel radius. Overall gearing (both the parts fixed during design, and the parts selected during operation) is based directly on the relationship between present road speed and target engine speed. So the faster the engine can rev without lowering torque, or the more torque the engine can make without needing to turn slower to do it, the more thrust you have available at all speeds (because you have more available power). This is why knowing engine torque alone doesn't tell you anything definite about performance. Until you also know the speed the engine is turning, gearing (which dictates wheel torque) is undefined. As things begin to click, I want to caution you to trust nothing from this video regarding power. Good explanation of torque, but nothing they said about power was remotely true. 1:20 This statement is 100% false. Power is the time rate of work - put in layman terms, it is the strength of resistance times how quickly that resistance is overcome. Talking about "how many times torque is transmitted" is nonsense. 2:22 Also false. The mechanical power of the stalled car was zero. It wasn't overcoming anything mechanically. Electrically, the stalled car was consuming even more power than the moving one. The point is power was in no way similar between these two cars.
Torque = power divided by angular speed (angle of rotation per second). No matter how few HP an engine has, if it's connected to a gearbox that turns slowly enough, it can move anything. That's why you are driving up a steep hill in a low gear. The car will apply more torque to the wheels through its gearbox. That's not to be confused with the torque of the engine itself which is the torque at the crankshaft, i.e. before the gearbox.
Torque does not have a time aspect. Horsepower does. Torque is only for one rotation. Horsepower is to move weight within a certain moment of time. So no matter hoe much torque you have, it’s useless if it takes much time to rotate. There are impact hammers having higher torque than certain cars. But imagine accelerating your car with an impact drill.
@@com2ghz They're not saying torque has a time aspect. Power has the time aspect, it's work over time. So higher speed = smaller time, therefore we usually have P = W/t, or re-written P*t = W, and since speed is inversely proportional to time, so t=1/v, so if we sub it in P*(1/v) = W, or P/v = W, which what the person stated (power over velocity = work (torque)). Think that math checks out, but either way, as you said, power has the time component, not torque. So by taking power and stripping away the time component (speed) you get work or torque, which is what they did.
Gears have mass and weight too, so eventually an engine can be too weak to get a car uphill if you take it to the extreme. Gears need energy to get moving and overcome friction.
@@GlasboxEngineering That's less about RPM itself and more about the torque curve of the motor. If the engine makes a lot of torque at or just off idle (like a diesel), less or no revving is necessary. We only need to rev when the torque output at idle is very low like it is on most engines to the point where it can't move the car on an incline. Giving it fuel increases the torque output, even if you don't increase the RPM at all.
You can make a 10:1 lever and hang off of it to create 2000 ft lbs of torque, but try propelling a car with that. Horsepower is like torque per second, and if you have a shit ton of torque, but like 100 horsepower, you won’t be going very quick, but you will be able to move a heavy thing slowly.
Power still the same and it's in kWh or watts, P=w*T P - power (watts) ; w - angle speed (1/sec); T - torque (Newton/meters). It means same power, but if you'll elevate torque, you'll depress speed. this cars are bad example because motor RPM has to be equal to make experiment right.
@@markdaniel8740 doesn't matter. Power 🔋 coming from motor through doesn't matter how many gears. Gears change speed and torque: more torque-less speed
Great video and good explanation but I feel there is something missing here. From the video you get the expression that, with one gear setup, you get the highest torque, and the highest speed, which normally would not be the case. Power (kW) = Torque (N.m) x Speed (RPM) / 9.5488. To explain this, in a normal car you normaly start in first gear to have the maximum torque to get the car moving, but the speed is very limited. And once you are moving you switch to higher gears because you do not need the same torque, but you want higher speed. But the motor and the rest of the system is still the same
To add to your already good explanation, the difference between a heavy truck and a sports car with the same horsepower ratings is how much stress the parts can take and how they are geared. A top speed sports car is made as light as possible and the transmission is optimized for speed. Attach a large trailer to the back and you might bottom out the suspension, it will struggle to move, and you have a decent chance of breaking some part of the powertrain. A heavy truck won't keep up unloaded as it is dramatically heavier and its transmission is designed differently, but it will probably drag the sports car behind it (even if the car's brakes were locked) without difficulty and handle far heavier trailers without breaking anything.
@@anzac_biscuits horsepower vs torque simplest explanation. And still they didnt really explain that, More how Cars would be able to apply That torque when gearing is changed. And which outcome low gearing vs higher gearing has at the Same amount of torque provided by the Motor.
After showing the wrench demonstration I think they should compare that to riding a bicycle at high speeds since it's something you can feel and understand as you're practically the engine in a bicycle, unlike in a car. In a higher gear when you start pedalling, the wheels are applying more force but are turning slower and thus the bike is pushing harder forward, but consequently you can't pedal as fast. If a gear gives you more force, it must give you less speed and vice versa.
great example! But why in the case of this video, then the modified car took off faster? Doesn't it mean it had more speed compared to the unmodified version ?
@@avalanche9142 If the table had been longer the other car would have hit a higher max speed. It was accelerating more slowly, but assuming the limit is the electric motor speed, it had a higher potential top speed. You already know this, if you floor it in your car in first gear, it'll get to the top speed of the gear quickly. If you floor it in second it will accelerate more slowly but end up going faster.
@@avalanche9142 No, it means that it could deliver more torque to the wheels at the lower speeds because of the gear reduction (just like your motor car does). Under low friction conditions (flat surface, no house in tow), the high geared car would max out at a higher speed (run out of available excess torque with which to overcome air resistance) than the low geared car, because of the inherent maximum speed of the motor, which I've described in a post above.
@@avalanche9142 Imagine this, you and your friend are both on bicycles about to race, you start off in the first gear, and your friend in 4th gear, you will accellerate much faster but at some point you can't pedal fast enough to match the rotational speed of the wheels, while your friend has to generate a lot of force to take off in a higher gear but once he gains a bit of speed he is not limited by the speed of the wheels and he can go faster after a bit.
Очень поверхностное объяснение, которое рассказывает, как работает коробка передач, но абсолютно не раскрывает разницу между двигателем легкового автомобиля и трактора
Tractor engine is bigger, have longer piston shafts and bigger transmission parts. Therefore the torque of tractor engine would be higher even if both has the same hp
@@ayva6ovay3gmail31 sure? Longer pistons - high rpm. The weight of crankshaft in Diesel engine lidl bit too much - good torque. But all the power of diesel comes from efficiency. 35% vs 25% in petrol engines ☝🏽
@@Heckfy197 на разгон момент, но учитывать длину передач их дружбу с двигателнм и скорость переключения как правило на каждой модели двигателя пик момента происходит на определенных оборотах , а на скорость длинные передачи
Вообще понятие "лошадиная сила" сегодня очень относительное, есть точные величины, скорость, крутящий момент, число оборотов двс и колеса, а лошаниные силы вычисляются из этих параметров
It would be interesting to explore the potential for an inverse square law with this. Where the weight and density of the gears, or the length of your wrench extender you add cause the resistance to be greater than the applied torque, making it difficult to turn the wheels, or the extender breaks halfway, etc.
Would also be worth exploring the relative atmospheric air density during test conditions, more over what where the friction coefficients of the choice of materials, or does the wife clean the lav when youre at work.
Great explanation, however the the track you used isn't long enough to fully demonstrate the differences between the 2. As other comments have said, horsepower includes the measurement of time. One of the best ways this has been described is(in the reference to drag racing) torque gets you off the line, horsepower gets you down the track. Given a longer run time for the 2 cars used this example, the higher horsepower car would reach the finish faster than the high torque car.
horsepower is just a measurement of torque plus engine rpm. if you can produce high torque numbers at a higher rpm then the horsepower numbers will go up. the formula is, horsepower = torque x rpms divided by 5252.
Ah yes so really you could say a car with 500hp and 1000 torque would win against a same car with 500 torque and 1000hp ?? I thought HP was how fast the engine goes and torque is how that power gets put down to the ground
@@deathtoming2201 Horsepower is a marketing term and nothing else, torque is the force being applied. If we take weight out of the equation with the only variable being gear reduction it doesn't matter at what RPM the power is generated. What allows a car to accelerate is gearing a car to stay in the power band, a good example of this is a Ducati twin vs. an inline 4. On paper the inline 4's typically makes more HP but far less torque, generally speaking the sport bikes weight the same and have similar performance numbers.
@@DevMeloy yeah but I mean like Torque is obviously what puts power down from wheels to road but in a car for example the torque gets you 0-60 quick it’s the HP that lets you go the long mile as in 180mph like a car that has 600 torque and 400Hp compared to a car with with more HP same amount of torque at 600 the top speeds are always higher ?
With the information provided in this video I am expecting parts 2,3,4,5+6 to follow with actual results. Mass was applied completely wrong... Power to Weight was replaced with gear ratio!!! Torque definitions were almost none existant (Diesel engines). Rod lenth depicts combustion pressure!! (Forced induction requires Turbine Technology). The Torque is in Piston count!! (Spun Mass)
@@Gabriel_Moline Oh God, take that crap somewhere else (like back to your echo-chamber). Did you see the hair on that arm? Second question: Are the women in your family Italian?
Nice, but it would be nice to see a situation in which the unmodified car could out perform the modified one, as you described with the race car vs the truck on a race track.
If the track had been longer, the "car" would have overtaken because it would have a much higher top speed. The "truck" just started quicker because of the lower gear ratio.
@@cillianryan1065 no. Think it about this way: Horepower: the power your engine makes. Remember, both cars had the same "engine". Both have the same amount of HP. But thanks to the additional gears he put into the car, the power from the engine (equal in both cars) could be TRANSFERED more often to the wheels per seconds. This leads to a higher rotational force (like the extension of the wrench in the beginning). Thus meaning, the car with higher torque can pull the house, climb the hill and gets off the start better, because the powers is better transmitted to the wheels. Hope that helps
As pointed out below, what's missing is the 2 cars on a longer track, showing the decreased top-speed the modified car now has. In my opinion, right at the end of the video. Otherwise, a perfect video. Very simplistic, but that was one of the goals here. Good going!!
Stepdads can't be trusted... Only REAL dads... unless your real dad says that horsepowere gets you to the wall and torque gets you through it... In that case, your real dad can't be trusted either.
Actually one of the boringest videos I've ever watched... I'm a mechanic and there would be better ways to show this... plus gloves dude seriously get a life
Adding another gear is clled gear reduction which increases the torque by multiplication and slows the overall top speed due to (numerically) higher gearing...
@@Zen-t2j Yes. For anyone who do not know it deeper, it may seems like the toy car with high torque had a better top speed. Wich isn't the case, this car reach a certain speed quickly, due to the high torque, but will not be able to reach a bigger speed.
Basically times load x speed a given horsepower motor can move a heavy weight slowly, or a light weight fast. The sports car motor compared to the truck could potentially move the same weight as the truck with low enough gearing. The reason they don't use the same motor between the two vehicles is the truck motor does around 2000rpm so it lasts crossing the country, driving across the country at 8000rpm won't happen for to long.
This is exactly right. HP was created to compare different engines. So 700hp is 700hp and with gearing both engines can do the same thing. Though both engines might not last as long hehe, like you said
Finally someone that points this out. As long as an engine does some power, you can adjust the gearing for getting the same torque at the wheels. What can change though, is how the power curve is delivered. Diesel engines have the benefit of being high torque at low RPMs, which does help to avoid stalling the engine when the vehicle has to move much weight
@@piereligio_ds Correct. For those who are interested, this guy does a good explanation of why diesels fundamentally produce more torque and at lower revs. ua-cam.com/video/D6YmAecTolQ/v-deo.html&ab_channel=EngineeringExplained
This was a great video. My only critique would have been to use different colors to help the audience keep track of which car was which during the demonstrations. Thank you again for the time and effort - it really was great!
They did a fine job explaining torque, but please know that you have learned nothing remotely correct about power from this video. 1:20 This statement is false. Power is the time rate of work - put in layman terms, power is how strong resistance is TIMES how quickly it is being overcome. Talking about "how many times torque is transmitted" is nonsense. 2:22 Also false. The mechanical power of the stalled car was zero. Torque wasn't zero, but even torque at the motor wasn't the same between the two cars (because of how electric motors work).
@@xfdfff2620 The mechanical power in the stalled car was zero because power is not just force (like torque). It is force times movement against the force. No movement - no mechanical power (there was certainly electrical power though, but 100% of it was being turned to thermal power because the motor couldn't move.) Here's an example the might be clearer. There are large forces in the wood in a tree when the wind blows, but the tree needs no power to remain standing - it only needs material strength and no energy is used - no power. Likewise if you put a car in park on a hill and leave it, there is significant torque in the driveshaft, but no energy is needed to keep the car parked - no power.
@@xfdfff2620 In a way, yes. The motor torque was actually higher in the stalled car than in the moving one and it was consuming more electrical power (a characterictic of electric motors), but the gearing was such that the load was still too high for the motor to turn, making it just a heater:)
Hello, I loved how you increased the coefficient of friction with a little rubber band. It would be a great demonstration to your average viewer, to demonstrate coefficient of friction. Explaining why two cars engaged in a tug of war contest can be manipulated by tires choice so that either one can win.
Hello, I compete in VEX Robotics. Adding rubber bands to wheels to increase traction is something I learned very quickly. Not always necessary for drive wheels, but very good for fly wheels.
Top speed has nothing to do with horsepower or torque. Top speed is about gearing the longer gears you have the more top speed you get.. more HP and torque on helps you get to top speed faster.
Torque is a measure of the force going to the wheels at that exact moment in time. Horsepower is a measure of how much work is done over a period of time, like a second or a minute or an hour, day, whatever.
Yep! That's why horsepower can be converted to watts; there's about 746 watts in one horsepower. And watts can be expressed as joules (energy) divided by seconds (time), so thus a horsepower is 746 joules of energy per second. If you have a 750 watt power supply in your computer, that's just about one horsepower! More power! Arr arr arr! Joules in turn are newtons times meters - where newtons are a unit of force equal to about a quarter of a pound.
@@jom0bx189 not quite. The formula is power = torque*angular velocity (P=Tw) where the angular velocity is in radians per second. It’s the rate of change of energy with respect to time. I think the title of this video is misleading. It’s really comparing the trade off between torque and angular velocity.
This was a very simple explanation. Thank you. You guys explained a complex subject in a very easy way. I'll subscribe for sure! Keep up the good content!
Great demo; extra kudos for showing your experimental progression. Most folks wouldn't show the plowing thru the barrier and crashing, then securing/gluing the barrier, then adding rubber bands for traction. It's more entertaining when you 'show your work'.
Torque is how strong the engine's rotation is usually measured at a given rpm. So imagine an engine of a given weight where a tire of a given circumference is directly attached to each end of the crank shaft. If that engine makes 100 units of torque at 1 rpm and you compare it to an identical engine except it makes 100 units of torque at 1000 rpm, the 1000 rpm engine will travel farther in a minute outputting 100 units of torque than the 1 rpm engine, meaning the 1000 rpm engine has more horsepower. Horsepower is kind of like how far you can travel using a specific amount of torque which is why if an engine makes its torque higher in its revs, it makes more horsepower (more distance traveled/more revs completed in a given time).
Horsepower can tell you how much relative (compared to other rpms) torque you can generate at the wheels after the gearbox is taken into account. Gearbox is a torque multiplier. Engine torque is only ever more relevant if there is no gearbox.
@@SlyNine Torque is what moves you. With no torque, you have no power. If you have a lot of torque, a very low amount of HP is still more than enough to get the job done. If HP is what mattered semi trucks wouldn't need engines that make 1600+ FT LBs of torque but only 300-500hp. It'd be the other way around they'd be rocking engines that made 1500+ HP and only a couple hundred FT LBs.
Torque is not a measure of power. Torque is force applied to a lever (e.g. a crankshaft...where the connecting rod attaches to the crank) at a certain distance from the center of rotation. This is why units of torque are a force and distance (so lb ft being a pound of force applied at 1 foot from the center of rotation). Power on the other hand is force times speed or torque times angular speed. Horsepower is a measure of power but with a scalar applied so torque times angular speed all divided by 5252.
When I was a kid I used to love playing with k'nex gears and learned this concept. I had built a crane and used a wind mill powered by a fan and it was able to lift really heavy weights since I geared it right down. Did other fun stuff like that too like winch etc.
Very nice! I think a good idea would be to show a high horsepower model car vs high torque model car, with a straight race, straight race with loads, uphill race, upihill with loads. I think this would make it really easy to understand the difference!
A 18V driver can generate up to 350nm of torque. Imagine it is made to drive a car instead of its 1L 3cyl tiny gasoline ICE that produces 150nm of torque. Use any gearing you'd like. How it performs, your guess?
@@berdmonte5370 The 18V driver rotates much slower than a car engine, so while it may have enough torque to move the car, it would only be able to move it at a very low speed. The car engine may produce 180 horsepower, but the 18V driver likely produces less than 1 horsepower. There is no substitute for power. If you want to move a lot of mass fast, you need a lot of power. There's no way around that.
Добавление шестерен это увеличение крутящего момента на ведущих колесах с одновременным уменьшением их угловой скорости. Если брать мощность на ведущих колесах N=T×₩ где Т - это крутящий момент, а ₩ - угловая скорость. При постоянной подводимой мощности можно ехать быстро, но на легке или медленно, но везя груз.
I love the explanation of Torque. Thank you for that. I understand torque now. But if you had also done the same for Horsepower, that would have been a comparison. I am still unclear on the difference.
If both cars had their load removed and were on a flat surface, the unmodified one would have a higher top speed. Torque = rotational force. Extending the wrench arm gives more torque without needing more arm force. Horsepower = torque x rpm. As you imagine if you extend the wrench arm you will be able to move the bolt but you can't really make many rotations per minute, or you will get breathless and sore arms. However if you go to the gym instead you can use the basic wrench to move the bolt AND you will be able to make more rotations per minute. Horsepower is basically whether you can sustain such torque at higher RPM. It's a unit of power because it multiplies force (torque) with work (rpm = work over time).
When we want to know how a vehicle will perform (car, truck, train, boat, airplane, etc.) it really boils down to how hard the engine can push it while it's moving at some speed. The reason that knowing just the torque of an engine can't tell us this is that we we also have to know the leverage or gearing situation connecting the engine to the space it is going to move through (wheels, propellers, gearing, etc.). Knowing how fast the engine can be turning relative to how fast the vehicle is moving tells us this relationship. It tells us how much PUSH we get for some amount of torque. This is why power is such a foundational concept in understanding vehicle performance. Power is a rate of "doing hard stuff" (work). Power would not matter if the engine had a job where nothing moved, but then an engine would be a terrible choice because fixed structure can do those jobs indefinitely without using energy (no work is being done). Also as we know, IC engines can't run at zero rpm:)
03:00 If friction, traction and drag isn't an issue, the high-geared car with relative higher power would takeover the low-geared and rel high torque car in a long strip. But is an experiment with fixed gear and same plataform, with combustion engine vehicles other factors would be present, but the same principle applies.
Ещё можно объяснить простой формулой: мощность=частота вращения *момент. То есть при одинаковой мощности может быть разным соотношение частоты вращения и момента. Чем больше момент, тем меньше скорость и наоборот. Формула взята из книги «Теория электропривода».
Я так и нифига не понял, если поставить движек от феррати на тягач, он будет быстрее ездить, или нихуя не поедет! Всегда думал, что двигатель обеспечивает мощность, а КПП обеспечивает момент.
What is missing here is the following: electric motors have (almost) constant torque, but variable power. The reason that the left car with gears accelerates faster is not only greater torque, but also greater power output of the motor due to greater RPM at the same car speed. The power rating on most electric motors is the MAXIMUM power a motor can generate (before burning out). The left car (with greater torque) will reach maximum power sooner, at lower (car) speed, then it will either stop accelerating, burn out or be electronically limited. The right car will reach max power at greater speed (if it can reach that speed at all), then stop/burn/block.
In the last comparison, the toy car on the left having an higher applied torque than the one on the right is able to act on the ground an higher friction force, being the lever arm the same in both cars. Major traction means more acceleration and therefore more variation of momentum (speed) in the time unit!
*Крутящий момент это "ускорение", а мощность это "скорость"!* Про крутящй момент: из двух автомобилей с одинаковыми массой и коробкой передач, со светофора быстрее стартанет тот, у которого двигло с большим крутящим моментом. Про мощность: из двух автомобилей с одинаковыми коэффициентом лобового сопротивления и коробкой передач, большей макс скорости достигнет тот у которго двигло большей мощности.
@@romaskyline2729 Причина того, что у современных легковых авто с ДВС макс.крутящий момент ДВС достигается на средних оборотах двигателя, а макс.скорость авто на высоких оборотах, кроется в коробке передач. Теоретически, еще большую скорость можно развить, для данного конкретного авто, с данным ДВС, если бы у коробки передач этого авто была бы, условно, 8 (9/10/...) передача, на которой бы и происходило уравновешивание макс.кртящего момента ДВС силой лобового сопртивления авто, которая тем сильнее чем выше квадрат скорости. Но для автомобилей широкого потребления это, видимо, сильно усложняет конструкцию коробки и поэтому не встречается в "природе".
I had an automotive teacher once explain it to me as such: "Torque is how much work the motor can do, and horsepower is how fast it can do it." This personally makes sense to me when you compare vehicles like race cars (high HP, lower torque, high speed, low weight) to tractor trailers (high torque, lower HP, low speed, extreme weight).
Thats a good way to put it. So HP numbers really arent that relevant if the TQ doesnt match. So a built up 4 cylinder with a turbo pushing 1000hp but only 500tq is going to be slower 1/4mile speed than the same car with a V8 making only 700hp but 700tq to go with it.
@@TheBroLounge Very very wrong. 1000HP will be faster. HP numbers are actually only relevant thing. Engine can deliver HP with low rpms and high torque, or high RPM and low torque. Either way, if power is the same, acceleration will be the same. To achieve max efficiency, that is to say to keep engine at its peak power for as long as possible, we use gearing. So in case of High torque low rpm, we use smaller gear ratio, with high rpm low torque we use high gearing ratio. Result will be the same.
@@cnc_channel510 Nope. Dont go changing topics about gearing, obviously each car would have optimal gears. Its very simple, if a car needs to rev to 10,000 rpm to make its power with little torque it can easily lose to a car with less overall HP but more torque and a better powerband.
No, it is not HP vs torque, just different gearing ratios. You just showed us how transmission works, but their engine is the same, with the same HP and torque.
Agreed. This video doesn't explain at all why an engine has max HP and max torque at different RPMs. Based on the video you'd assume that max torque is at max HP. Also why a truck and a sport car have very different engines, even if they can have the same max HP? It seems all depends on gear but that's not true. You can't just swap the engines and expect the same results.
As someone who's career depends on knowing the difference between horsepower and torque, I don't think this helps much in explaining the difference at all. It's more analogous to the difference a torque box can make, given a certain amount of joules input. I think, the difference between a push, and a punch, would come closer to explaining horsepower vs torque
This is a wonderful video! Can I please request if you can release a voiceover version, hearing and watching the videos > reading and watching, will improve the experience way more! kudos!
with appropriate gearing, a smaller engine with less torque but same power can tow exactly the same weight as a higher torque engine. although to achieve the same work it will need higher rpm and usually will wear quicker, unless it's specifically designed to handle it, with adequate cooling, strong internal components, and well maintained (good oil and frequent changes). you can make up for torque with shorter gearing. you cannot make up for low power with torque. Now if your main goal is longevity or low maintenance, things are different.
No not really. I tried that and I blew up the Tranny and Axle for expanding and over reaching it's capacity threshold I learned the hard way lesson after doing that. That's what happened to my 1999 Nissan Skyline R34, I didn't followed the specifications of it's tranny system and instead I increased it's Torque way above the engine's limitations or threshold without replacing the specific tranny, axle and gears to handle the higher amount of torque. And I blew up the Tranny on my 2nd race and lost $15,000 in the track (FYI, I don't do street race, I only race in the track, with big cash or pink slip as a bets and payments will do just fine)
In theory at top speed yes...BUT...You would need a transmission with 50+ gears to get the 600hp/400lb-ft Race car engine to pull the same speed/load as 600hp/3000lb-ft Caterpillar truck engine does in 13-18 gears...
@@misters2837 the number of gear needed only depends on your lowest/highest gear ratio and how wide is your power band, and how much you want to optimize your mileage at stabilized speed.if your power band is not super narrow meaning not NA high revving race tuned engine, 13-18 speeds will be plenty enough. you still have the cooling issue if you use an engine at high load/low speed where it's not intended to operate but nothing a cooling upgrade couldn't fix. otherwise, power is power, it doesn't care about displacement. wheel torque can be as high as you need with correct gearing and transmission speed for the torque make no mistake, I'm not saying you should swap your truck with a Honda S2000 because in the end it all comes down to reliability which is the reason working truck diesels are overbuilt
If you increase the length of the “piston rods” (actually connecting rods) it does not create more torque. All that does is allow the piston to hang at top dead center and bottom bear center longer and it accelerates the piston faster from each stop. Benefits? Maybe. But not more torque. Increasing the crankshafts stroke is what creates more torque. Like putting an extension on your wrench.
A longer rod can apply force from the piston over a greater angular displacement of the crank for a given stroke before the angle between the piston pin, big end bearing and main bearing journal starts to produce side thrust than downward movement.
@@webtoedman in many many many many Dyno tests and drag tests, it makes enough difference that can’t be shown. However, a longer rod will wear the pistons less due to the shallower angle of the rod, pushing it into the wall less. A longer rod DOES NOT create a higher mechanical advantage like using a longer wrench does. A LONGER STROKE crank does. And guess what. You need a SHORTER rod with a longer stroke crank. OR you move the piston pin up higher in the piston, and sometimes it pushes the pin height into the oil ring.
I would’ve been the kid in school to immediately ask “can you play it again… I don’t get it”. But if someone spoke and used words w/ the demo, I would’ve been good
Torque is simply a force applied in a turning motion. Horsepower is a measurement of work. My instructor in trades school explained it like this. Put a 6 foot wrench on a seized bolt, pull as hard as you can, but thr bolt doesnt turn. Did you put out torque? Yes! Loads of it, probably over 500 ft/lbs. Did you put out any horsepower? No, because the bolt did not turn. Horsepower is work, and work requires movement, either rotationally of linearly. If you look on youtube at those old steam tractors, they put out something like 110hp and 3000 ft/lbs of torque. Sounds too good to be true, until you realize they make that power and torque at about 200 rpm. If i took a 110hp honda engine and connected a gearbox to bring the speed down from 5000-6000 rpm down to 200 rpm it too would put out 3000 ft/lbs or torque.
В конце не хватает теста на скорость, машинка с добавленными шестернями по прямой будет проигрывать по скорость, закон физики гласит, если в чем то выигрываешь то обязательно в чем то проиграешь
@Помогай Бедным это бы просто показало закономерность расхода энергии на проделанную работу в зависимости от назначения, если это например буксир там скорость не важна, если это спорткар то там грузоподъёмность не важна, все зависит от назначения
@Помогай Бедным так не получиться выиграть и там и там, всегда в чем то проиграешь, ну как тебе объяснить? Ну возьмём трактор Т-40 1980 г. выпуска у него двигатель 50 л.с. Мак. скорость 27 км.ч. И ВАЗ-2101 1980 г. Мощность 59 л.с но мак. Скорость 140 км.ч. А теперь о прицепе что трактор может утащить до 7 т. А легковушка максимум до 1 т Вот видишь по мощности они почти одинаковы но за счёт того что коробки разные у них то и скорость и грузоподъёмность разная, что собственно и было показано в ролике, проще говоря они из легковушки сделали трактор и это получилось за счёт того что они проиграли в скорости
In vehicles though you always have a transmission and final drive with opportunity to choose optimal gear ratios. So in the end engine power is all that really matters, because the transmission will be matched to that engine to ensure decent performance (ie acceleration and top speed). There's no performance reason you couldn't put a sports car engine (of equal power) into a big truck, and with the correct gearing it would perform just the same. People talk about engine torque and pulling capability, but that's down to wheel torque, not engine torque, get high enough gearing and you can pull anything.
If you don't mind changing down 3 gears everytime you want to accelerate along with a highly strung engine noise, low mpg, and an engine that may only last a year. Then go for it.
Studying the mathematical formula for HP long enough should explain the difference. Horsepower = torque X distance/time. In a rotating engine this translates into torque X rpm/5,252 Simply put, horsepower is a function of torque over time. Torque moves stuff, HP tells you how fast it can move. This video is a good start at illustrating the difference, but the nuance of top speed vs. load pulling and acceleration is somewhat glossed over. Yes the geared down car accelerates faster, but it would also have a lower top speed. This is why most bicycles and cars have gears. This is also why a big rigs use 10-18 gears whereas cars get along just fine with 3-10 gears...the higher end being for fuel efficiency ratings more than drivability.
Agreed, and LOTS of people think FASTER is better than QUICKER. I thrive on QUICKER as I wait at the end of the quarter mile marker, waiting on the FASTER car to cross
The most important thing at the end was not said: a modified car now develops a maximum speed less than an unmodified one. Самое главное в конце не сказали: модифицированный автомобиль теперь развивает максимальную скорость меньше, чем немодифицированный.
При равных оборотах на двигателе с увеличением крутящим моментом также увеличится и мощность т.к. (Обороты * крутящий момент)/5252 = лошадиные силы. Есть и иные методики изменения, но суть такая же
Величины коррелируют, но соотношение, возможно, окололинейно для паровых и электродвигателей. График ДВС гораздо запутанней. Да и как и любой сложносочленённой механической системе, даже в примере для наглядности с “закисшей” гайкой, изначально требуется преодолеть “старшую” «Силу Трения Покоя». Дальше проще. Напоминает людей.
@@Groover800 ничего там запутанного нет, эти величины жестко связаны друг с другом и формула там точно такая же: Крутящий момент = (Мощность / обороты) * Коэфф.размерности
@@MerryNose понесло в степь. Мощность величина сугубо математическая. Крутящий момент реально отражает эффективную работу производимую экземпляром ДВС, собственно и позволяя произвести вычисления. Пересекаются графики из-за возрастающих с увеличением оборотов механических и тепловых потерь максимум однократно. Хотя? Действительно, для чего городить изменяемые фазы ГРМ, рассчитывать инерциальность потоков топливовоздушной смеси впускного коллектора, да и КПП получается нахрен не нужна! Да вы заговор раскрыли, неиначе! Всех к стенке, будете руководить роющим многокилометровую траншею гусеничным экскаватором.
@@Groover800 То что вы написали -- это очень распространенное заблуждение: типа момент определяет мощность. А на самом деле -- ровно наоборот. Чтобы понять это, давайте подумаем откуда вообще возникает как момент, так и мощность в ДВС. А возникают они в следствие сжигания топливной смеси, в результате чего выделяется энергия. А энергия, выделенная за единицу времени -- и есть мощность. Полученная энергия совершает работу, перемещая поршень, (а если мы поделим ее на время совершения работы, опять получим мощность -- сюрприз!), а поршень перемещается с силой, которую можно рассчитать как Работа/Перемещение (поршня). После чего при помощи коленвала мы поступательное движение превращаем во вращательное и получаем Крутящий момент. Что особенно важно: крутящий момент мы можем бесконечное количество раз как уменьшать так и увеличивать посредством редуктора (КПП), а вот мощность как была, так и остается постоянной -- закон сохранения энергии во всей красе. А то что вы написали про про фазы ГРМ и тд -- это, безусловно, имеет место быть. Только влияет оно, в конечном итоге, на эффективность сжигания топливной смеси, то есть -- на выделяемую энергию, что, будучи поделенным на время -- опять даст нам мощность. Если хотите разобраться -- вот мои статьи на Драйве по этой тематике со всеми выкладками: www.drive2.ru/b/585162013521495774/ www.drive2.ru/b/589364896718665484/ Будут предметные возражения -- вэлком в комменты, сюда или на Драйв -- как вам удобнее.
This is one of the reasons you often see a German car manufacture take an engine from an American muscle car and and build a car with double the horsepower.
@@Blox117 Far from it...soon I expect to see transmissions attached to electric cars (again) to increase efficiency. There is immense waste in electric vehicles currently requiring a more electric consumption than should be required if we incorporate some gearing. As with combustion engines, electric motors have a "sweet spot" RPM where they are most efficient.
@@94XJ LOL and ruin the efficiency of an electric motor? Electric motors already have all the torque and RPMs they need, why do they need to go through garbage first?
A little precision : a truck can pull heavy load thanks to it's gearing. Gear a 500hp race car to top out at 5mph in 1st gear, 10 in 2nd (you got it, gearing it to work like a truck) and it will perfom the same for pulling as a 500hp truck (theorically obviously, there is lot more reason than just torque to explain we use big slow revving motor for trucks)
No, it's not because of it's gearing. A 100HP car can have the same gear ratio at top speed but couldn't pull a 60,000 load. It's the ENGINE that provides the difference, with a much stronger drivetrain to match.
@@need100k I am comparing same power. + yes sure a car could not pull 35t, that's why I add "theorically", I am basing on taking a car engine and putting it into a truck for exemple.
@@mrmim0x173 - I'm using your words. "a truck can pull heavy load thanks to it's gearing". That's not a true statement. It's gearing HELPS when STARTING to pull the load, but the torque comes from the engine.
@@need100k yes sure, out of context it does not mean anything. And yes you are right, but I haven't said gearing is the only cause for pulling capability, but that grantly help to start, try pulling a 35t load with your 6th gear for exemple (6th truck gear should correspond to a 1st gear in a car (that's a total exemple)), you will need to rev the shit of the motor and probably solder the clutch before moving 1 meter. I was just using this comparison because in the video he say that only torque matter but he didn't explain gear ratio, nor wheel torque, since you don't connect your engine directly to the wheel, but you use a gearbox between
At 0:55 you say it’s the length of the piston rod that can in- or decrease the torque, but that should be the diameter of the crankpin in relation to the crank-center right?
Вы забыли об одном. В идеале в данном случае вы понизили передаточное число в импровизированной коробке передач. И если бы трек был длиннее а мощность батареек позволяла развить максимальную мощность электродвигателя то не модифицированная машинка приехала бы к финишу намного быстрее. В вашем же случае за счёт короткой полосы машинка не может выйти на максимальную скорость.
@@SupaTima ...и превратили "спортивную машину" в "грузовик" добавлением шестерни. Ну и видео не объясняет разницу мощности и крутящего момента просто потому, что её быть не может. В конечном итоге всегда сравнивается вырабатываемая мощность с вырабатываемой мощностью.
Só entendi quando o carro empurra o tubo e despenca no precipício arrastando a casa😮. Brincadeira a parte, excelente vídeo e explicação! Ganhou o like!!
The relationship is : Power = Torque x Rotational speed. Your choice … speed or pulling power. You cannot get both without increasing the power output of your prime mover (engine).
To me Horsepower increases the amount of bodies you can bowl over when you drive into a crowd. Torque on the other hand increases the amount of the bodies you can tow away and hide.
While this illustrates torque, it does not illustrate the advantages of a car with 'more torque', as it neglects the fact that cars have transmissions which can select gears for the appropriate situation. A truck and a sports car with the same horsepower could pull the same heavy load, except the sports car might have to be at a higher RPM to do it (if it has less torque). More torque at a given RPM just means more power at that RPM, nothing else.
Horsepower is simply = Torque x RPM ÷ 5252 If you look at a dyno graph, HP and torque will always be equal at 5250 RPM for this reason. Alos, the max torque and horsepower spec of a ENGINE has nothing to do with the gearing of the drivetrain. Which is what this video focuses on, drivetrain gearing, not max motor HP vs max motor torque.
1 Horsepower is lifting 30,000 pounds of weight one foot in one minute. Or it could be lifting one pound 30,000 feet in a minute. Horsepower is a measure of work over time. The unit was originally developed to sell steam engines that were replacing horses in mining. I think James Watt came up with the idea? You can Google it. I can't be bothered right now. Could have been Joe Blow. Doesn't matter to the discussion at hand.
Супер! Я бы только добавил ещё один опыт, где со старту машина с бОльшим моментом стартует быстрее, но в долгосрочной перспективе она проиграет гонку, т.к. у автомобиля с меньшим моментом, но с большей скоростью выиграет гонку)
nami burn e viper electric kock scoter 150 kg with rider 0-50 km/h 3.5 sec 0-80 km/h 9 sec from 0-50 km/h at 3,5 sec we know avg acceleration is 4m/s”2 x150 kg os avg force of 600 newtons at contact path (not including all resist like drag roll asf ) it have 11 inch whell diameter so 600nx 0,14 m radious wheel = 84 nm at engine avg dont including ressit with ressit avg be 100nm or even lil more its engine make max 11 hp around 👉🏻 m.ua-cam.com/video/Y9s-gYF1soo/v-deo.html&pp=ygUfbmFtaSBidXJuIGUgdmlwZXIgYWNjZWxlcmF0aW9uIA%3D%3D vs feg tvs apache 310 rr weight with rider 250 kg so alot more its combustion n/a 1 cylinder engine generate max 27 nm only so 4 times less than nami burn e viper at much biger rpm but it have 34 hp and with good gearing gearbox + clutch it can launch from 0 to 50 km/h 2 times faster cos in 1,75 sec to 80 km/h it need 4,5 sec so still 2 times quicker 👌🏻 👉🏻 m.ua-cam.com/video/coRwF3lM6hA/v-deo.html&pp=ygUPbW90b3JiZWFtIDAtMTAw 🤷🏻♂️ top speed? nami maybe can reach 100 km/h if would have longer road and if he lean down more vs tvs 160 km/h gps 🤷🏻♂️ 👌🏻 … so in this presentation „car” with more torque dont start faster not even close 🤭 than „car” with much lower torq and much biger weight like you see much biger power with good gearing and clutch can beat at launch much biger lowend torq even if vehicle which have much less engine torq is much heavier 😁👌🏻 we can also for fun write that nami burn e viper generated from 0 to 50 km/h from like avg 84 nm avg 600 newtons force (not including drag roll asf ) vs tvs apache 310 rr from pathetic 27 nm max at engine generate from 0 to 50 km/h avg 2000 newtons force (not including drag roll asf ) 👌🏻 acceleration is only 2 times better bit weoght is biger so force at co tact path must be more than 2 times biger 👌🏻 drag isint so much lower at those speed asf whatever tvs generate much biger force from much lower engine torq thanks much biger power corealte with good gearing and clutch 👌🏻
Может автоматический перевод криво всё объясняет. Но тут дело совсем в другом - тут просто изначально передаточное число было неоптимально для этой машинки. Модифицированная машинка оказалась и быстрее и мощнее, а так не должно быть, она должна стать либо медленнее и мощнее, либо быстрее но менее тяговитой.
Мощность обеих машинок одинаковая (движок то один и тот же), просто при помощи редуктора первую машинку сделали более тяговитой и она быстрее разгоняется. Вторая будет разгоняться медленнее, но достигнет большей скорости.
Horsepower is how many times the torque of the engine is applied to the wheels every second.
This was the magic line that solved everything.
...or per minute...hence RPM
thats exactly how I try to explain it to people but, I've never used that line before. I will from here on out explain with that one simple line.
Exactly! Torque is how hard something is rotating, horsepower is how much work that rotational force is doing… for instance a motor making 600ftlbs/300hp vs 300ftlbs/300hp as long as both engines are producing the same power they WILL pull the same weight all be it at a different RPM.
Doesn't sound a satisfying explanation though
@@charleskibathi9881 what's not satisfying about it?
Very good, although missing the explanation of lower gearing producing lower top speed
They should've had the car with high gears rolling and started the other car with lower gears from a dig to show top speed.
I disagree - I believe the difference in Torque was well-explained. The horse-power was constant. Since torque really only plays in the slower speed discussion, it makes perfect sense. Top speed is a different discussion altogether.
They did address this with the car and truck analogy.
But increase the acceleration
@@martinsvensson6884 then why can a 400hp truck pull 40tonnes and a 400hp sport car can pull 700kg??? Because hp isn't everything as explained in the video torque and rpm is.
My third year studying mechanical engineering and this the best most concise explanation of torque I've seen.
What school are you at?
Damn man, you need to drop out and find a better school
@@spazzwazzle The school system sucks it’s out of date.
@@spazzwazzle at least where I’m at.
S P I C Y M E M E S or start paying actual attention in his classes.
I think it is important to show the fact that the lower-torque car has a higher top speed than the modified, higher-torque car. The lack of this clarification at the end might make someone wonder why any car has low torque if there seems to be no downside to raising it with gears or whatnot.
Agree
So we now have transmissions with 8 or more gear ratios. Best of both worlds, with some additional power loss to friction and weight.
So would the lower torqued car eventually pass the other car if the race was longer?
@@Docfly62 Yes the video is missing a head to head race. Where the higher torqued car would take the initial lead and eventually be overcome by the lower.
@@Docfly62for sure, on a flat surface and without load.
I find it helpful to recognize they are different units of measure. Torque is a static measurement and HP has a time component.
Well technically torque has a force component so it has a time component but relative to force then yes.
Hp is a result of torque over time
@@ouroesa no. You could apply torque to the end of time but if nothing moves there is no HP.
Torque=rotational force
A force can be applied to something and no motion results. Without motion, there's no time measurement and no horsepower value.
@@ouroesa At the beginning when the cars couldn't pull the house- they were producing torque, however they did not move. The reason was horsepower. Well, not enough horsepower. So, you can either increase the hp of your motor or increase the amount of torque. You will do less work with more torque or more work with more hp. It's vastly more complicated than that, i.e.: friction, load, etc but you get the idea. You can move a mountain with a motor the size of a pencil eraser or the size of a warehouse. The only question is how fast do you need to move your mountain.
I still find the explanation for Mustang owners the simplest:
_"horsepower is how fast you hit the crowd when pulling at cars and coffee, torque is how many bodies you can drag along before their weight forces your car to stop"_
2 cars that reach the 0-100 in 5 seconds do not cover the same distance in that time, the one with the most torque is the one that in that 5 seconds travels the most distance
@@riosena350 wrong
@@riosena350 Same speed * same time = same distance. And since they both hit 100 in 5 secs, their avg accelerations are same, so same avg speed.
Within an average, what is more valuable? that the peak of the action is reached at the beginning or the end, for example if you do the 0-100 in 5 seconds, and the average action is 0.56G, and this can be achieved in 2 ways that the first second the action is 1G and the rest of 0.45G, or that the first seconds are 0.45G and the last 1G, what method will allow you to travel more meters in that 0-100), a more extreme way to plan it is that the first second reaches 99KMH , and the other 4 you dedicate to adding that last KMH, the opposite would be that the first 4 seconds you only reach 1kmh and that last second you reach the remaining 99KMH, in what way would you travel more meters in that 0-100?
@@thekrakenrises9040 Power is torque X RPMs the higher the tachometer rises, the more power you have, a car with a lot of power but little torque will cost you up in the first moments, but a car with a lot of torque but little power will do very fast in the first moments but then it will you will run out of breath, in a 1/4 mile race in the first moments the car with more torque will move away even if it has the same 0-100 as the car with more power but ends up winning the car with more power for having better 100-200 , (the kinetic energy increases to the square of the speed), this is why a tesla model s performans beats a lamborginni aventador that has the same 0-100 2.7 seconds, in the first moments the tesla moves away but then the lamborginni to have better 100-200 surpasses it
xD, sorry for my bad english
It is very straightforward when using identical electric motors and the difference in torque is created in the transmission and the torque is applied constantly. It gets a lot more complex when talking about internal combustion engines. This is because torque is applied in increasing and diminishing pulses once every 2 revolutions. The torque measure is effectively a factor of the amount of explosive force created by combustion at a given speed multiplied by the mechanical advantage derived by crankshaft design which is a constant. Its main use is to indicate how easily the engine can move a static load, or typically heavy loads at low rpm, it does not tell you how much work can be done and at what rate. BHP on the other hand uses the torque figure multiplied by how many times that force is applied each second. Thus if you are interested in how fast it can make a car go for instance Car A producing 100NM of torque at 2000rpm would do the same amount of work as Car B producing 50NM at 4000rpm and in theory equally in performance. How that converts to actual performance in a car is complex as gearing and mechanical losses also come into play but the basic principle is true. The typical engine speed that produces the biggest bang is around 3000 - 4000rpm and that is the maximum torque figure, after that combustion efficiency increasingly diminishes as engine speed rises so at say 7000rpm where it is doing more work and creating higher BHP with a smaller bang and less torque. Race engines are typically capable of efficiency at higher rpm and that is their advantage in creating higher BHP and performance.
I drive many different cars before and it’s interesting to compare the two extreme ends, high torque cars with low BHP, and high BHP cars with low torque. They surely drive very differently.
The amount of torque (turning moment) for an otto cycle gas engine (conventional auto) is limited by the length of the lever arm of the crankshaft. The equivalent 'lever arm' of an electric motor is the back emf. Which allows greatest torque at low rotational speeds.
So why does a diesel engine have higher torque than a petrol engine?
@@petekay67 They have a longer stroke. Distance x Power = Force.
@@IgorArkin "wat? How come" - How come what?
Good explanation! It starts to make sense once you realize a gear is simply a series of levers arranged in an array around the gear's axis. Gears are "continuous levers".
Woah... That makes so much sense now. Great analogy.
Thanks old school video that explained it the same way, you know the one i'm talking about!
@@TENNSUMITSUMA I think we all know that 1936 video now thanks to the algorithm :D
@@Neutrino2072 🤣
@plixplop Continuous levers is a great way to think of gears! Understanding gearing is really helpful to understanding why power is meaningful.
As you can intuit, thrust at the wheel is what matters, whether we are talking about towing a heavy load or reaching a high top speed. Thrust is the torque the engine puts out times the overall gearing divided by the wheel radius. Overall gearing (both the parts fixed during design, and the parts selected during operation) is based directly on the relationship between present road speed and target engine speed. So the faster the engine can rev without lowering torque, or the more torque the engine can make without needing to turn slower to do it, the more thrust you have available at all speeds (because you have more available power). This is why knowing engine torque alone doesn't tell you anything definite about performance. Until you also know the speed the engine is turning, gearing (which dictates wheel torque) is undefined.
As things begin to click, I want to caution you to trust nothing from this video regarding power. Good explanation of torque, but nothing they said about power was remotely true.
1:20 This statement is 100% false. Power is the time rate of work - put in layman terms, it is the strength of resistance times how quickly that resistance is overcome. Talking about "how many times torque is transmitted" is nonsense.
2:22 Also false. The mechanical power of the stalled car was zero. It wasn't overcoming anything mechanically. Electrically, the stalled car was consuming even more power than the moving one. The point is power was in no way similar between these two cars.
Torque = power divided by angular speed (angle of rotation per second).
No matter how few HP an engine has, if it's connected to a gearbox that turns slowly enough, it can move anything. That's why you are driving up a steep hill in a low gear. The car will apply more torque to the wheels through its gearbox. That's not to be confused with the torque of the engine itself which is the torque at the crankshaft, i.e. before the gearbox.
Torque does not have a time aspect. Horsepower does. Torque is only for one rotation. Horsepower is to move weight within a certain moment of time.
So no matter hoe much torque you have, it’s useless if it takes much time to rotate.
There are impact hammers having higher torque than certain cars. But imagine accelerating your car with an impact drill.
@@com2ghz They're not saying torque has a time aspect. Power has the time aspect, it's work over time. So higher speed = smaller time, therefore we usually have P = W/t, or re-written P*t = W, and since speed is inversely proportional to time, so t=1/v, so if we sub it in P*(1/v) = W, or P/v = W, which what the person stated (power over velocity = work (torque)).
Think that math checks out, but either way, as you said, power has the time component, not torque. So by taking power and stripping away the time component (speed) you get work or torque, which is what they did.
Gears have mass and weight too, so eventually an engine can be too weak to get a car uphill if you take it to the extreme. Gears need energy to get moving and overcome friction.
very true and that's why on a slope you have even rev more, to convert that RPM to torque
@@GlasboxEngineering That's less about RPM itself and more about the torque curve of the motor. If the engine makes a lot of torque at or just off idle (like a diesel), less or no revving is necessary. We only need to rev when the torque output at idle is very low like it is on most engines to the point where it can't move the car on an incline. Giving it fuel increases the torque output, even if you don't increase the RPM at all.
You can make a 10:1 lever and hang off of it to create 2000 ft lbs of torque, but try propelling a car with that. Horsepower is like torque per second, and if you have a shit ton of torque, but like 100 horsepower, you won’t be going very quick, but you will be able to move a heavy thing slowly.
Change the gearing
Power still the same and it's in kWh or watts, P=w*T P - power (watts) ; w - angle speed (1/sec); T - torque (Newton/meters). It means same power, but if you'll elevate torque, you'll depress speed. this cars are bad example because motor RPM has to be equal to make experiment right.
@@ОлександрБовкун-ш1ф and all cars have gears.
@@markdaniel8740 doesn't matter. Power 🔋 coming from motor through doesn't matter how many gears. Gears change speed and torque: more torque-less speed
Yes but that’s a different discussion entirely.
Great video and good explanation but I feel there is something missing here. From the video you get the expression that, with one gear setup, you get the highest torque, and the highest speed, which normally would not be the case. Power (kW) = Torque (N.m) x Speed (RPM) / 9.5488. To explain this, in a normal car you normaly start in first gear to have the maximum torque to get the car moving, but the speed is very limited. And once you are moving you switch to higher gears because you do not need the same torque, but you want higher speed. But the motor and the rest of the system is still the same
To add to your already good explanation, the difference between a heavy truck and a sports car with the same horsepower ratings is how much stress the parts can take and how they are geared. A top speed sports car is made as light as possible and the transmission is optimized for speed. Attach a large trailer to the back and you might bottom out the suspension, it will struggle to move, and you have a decent chance of breaking some part of the powertrain.
A heavy truck won't keep up unloaded as it is dramatically heavier and its transmission is designed differently, but it will probably drag the sports car behind it (even if the car's brakes were locked) without difficulty and handle far heavier trailers without breaking anything.
They explained the transmission, Not the difference between torque and horsepower. 🤦🏻♂️
@@ParRagon- check the title of the video
@@anzac_biscuits horsepower vs torque simplest explanation. And still they didnt really explain that, More how Cars would be able to apply That torque when gearing is changed. And which outcome low gearing vs higher gearing has at the Same amount of torque provided by the Motor.
@@ParRagon- ahh i see the confusion, i thought you ment the intention of the video was to explain gearing, my bad.
After showing the wrench demonstration I think they should compare that to riding a bicycle at high speeds since it's something you can feel and understand as you're practically the engine in a bicycle, unlike in a car. In a higher gear when you start pedalling, the wheels are applying more force but are turning slower and thus the bike is pushing harder forward, but consequently you can't pedal as fast. If a gear gives you more force, it must give you less speed and vice versa.
great example! But why in the case of this video, then the modified car took off faster? Doesn't it mean it had more speed compared to the unmodified version ?
@@avalanche9142 If the table had been longer the other car would have hit a higher max speed. It was accelerating more slowly, but assuming the limit is the electric motor speed, it had a higher potential top speed.
You already know this, if you floor it in your car in first gear, it'll get to the top speed of the gear quickly. If you floor it in second it will accelerate more slowly but end up going faster.
@@aluisious Thanks a lot for the clarification!
@@avalanche9142 No, it means that it could deliver more torque to the wheels at the lower speeds because of the gear reduction (just like your motor car does). Under low friction conditions (flat surface, no house in tow), the high geared car would max out at a higher speed (run out of available excess torque with which to overcome air resistance) than the low geared car, because of the inherent maximum speed of the motor, which I've described in a post above.
@@avalanche9142 Imagine this, you and your friend are both on bicycles about to race, you start off in the first gear, and your friend in 4th gear, you will accellerate much faster but at some point you can't pedal fast enough to match the rotational speed of the wheels, while your friend has to generate a lot of force to take off in a higher gear but once he gains a bit of speed he is not limited by the speed of the wheels and he can go faster after a bit.
I have never fully understood the difference between torque, horsepower and how gears work until i watched this. Thank you!
Очень поверхностное объяснение, которое рассказывает, как работает коробка передач, но абсолютно не раскрывает разницу между двигателем легкового автомобиля и трактора
Tractor engine is bigger, have longer piston shafts and bigger transmission parts. Therefore the torque of tractor engine would be higher even if both has the same hp
@@ayva6ovay3gmail31 sure? Longer pistons - high rpm. The weight of crankshaft in Diesel engine lidl bit too much - good torque. But all the power of diesel comes from efficiency. 35% vs 25% in petrol engines ☝🏽
Момент трактора происходит за счет массивного маховика
@@Oppa-pa Так всё таки что важнее, объём двигателя или количество лошадей? На скорость, разгон , что больше влияет, ?
@@Heckfy197 на разгон момент, но учитывать длину передач их дружбу с двигателнм и скорость переключения как правило на каждой модели двигателя пик момента происходит на определенных оборотах , а на скорость длинные передачи
Это хорошее объяснение работы КПП но никак не объяснение лошадиных сил и крутящего момента
Да вроде все аспекты покрыты... Это ведь об одном и том же с разного ракурса
Именно
Вообще понятие "лошадиная сила" сегодня очень относительное, есть точные величины, скорость, крутящий момент, число оборотов двс и колеса, а лошаниные силы вычисляются из этих параметров
А я всë ждал, когда же обьяснят наконец где лошади!
Нихрена не понятно 🤷♂️
It would be interesting to explore the potential for an inverse square law with this. Where the weight and density of the gears, or the length of your wrench extender you add cause the resistance to be greater than the applied torque, making it difficult to turn the wheels, or the extender breaks halfway, etc.
Would also be worth exploring the relative atmospheric air density during test conditions, more over what where the friction coefficients of the choice of materials, or does the wife clean the lav when youre at work.
Great explanation, however the the track you used isn't long enough to fully demonstrate the differences between the 2. As other comments have said, horsepower includes the measurement of time. One of the best ways this has been described is(in the reference to drag racing) torque gets you off the line, horsepower gets you down the track. Given a longer run time for the 2 cars used this example, the higher horsepower car would reach the finish faster than the high torque car.
He said "SIMPLEST EXPLANATION" sir
horsepower is just a measurement of torque plus engine rpm. if you can produce high torque numbers at a higher rpm then the horsepower numbers will go up.
the formula is, horsepower = torque x rpms divided by 5252.
Ah yes so really you could say a car with 500hp and 1000 torque would win against a same car with 500 torque and 1000hp ?? I thought HP was how fast the engine goes and torque is how that power gets put down to the ground
@@deathtoming2201 Horsepower is a marketing term and nothing else, torque is the force being applied. If we take weight out of the equation with the only variable being gear reduction it doesn't matter at what RPM the power is generated.
What allows a car to accelerate is gearing a car to stay in the power band, a good example of this is a Ducati twin vs. an inline 4. On paper the inline 4's typically makes more HP but far less torque, generally speaking the sport bikes weight the same and have similar performance numbers.
@@DevMeloy yeah but I mean like Torque is obviously what puts power down from wheels to road but in a car for example the torque gets you 0-60 quick it’s the HP that lets you go the long mile as in 180mph like a car that has 600 torque and 400Hp compared to a car with with more HP same amount of torque at 600 the top speeds are always higher ?
No loud music, no needless intros, just the facts. Love it
Just happy to see something worth watching. Thought he did a good job of explaining the basics of it. Anything else would have most people lost.
Why, he?
With the information provided in this video I am expecting parts 2,3,4,5+6 to follow with actual results.
Mass was applied completely wrong... Power to Weight was replaced with gear ratio!!! Torque definitions were almost none existant (Diesel engines).
Rod lenth depicts combustion pressure!! (Forced induction requires Turbine Technology). The Torque is in Piston count!! (Spun Mass)
@@Gabriel_Moline Oh God, take that crap somewhere else (like back to your echo-chamber).
Did you see the hair on that arm?
Second question: Are the women in your family Italian?
@@randomsimpson I always find it amusing that the people who claim other people are snowflakes are the ones that are easily triggered
haha i was just thinking the same thing
Nice, but it would be nice to see a situation in which the unmodified car could out perform the modified one, as you described with the race car vs the truck on a race track.
If the track had been longer, the "car" would have overtaken because it would have a much higher top speed. The "truck" just started quicker because of the lower gear ratio.
@@seanrosedotcom Owh nice explanation, thank you very much
I talked with my dad and watched 3 videos about this and got nothing. This video did it for me. Thank you!
If I understand this correctly torque is power and horsepower is speed
@@cillianryan1065 no. Think it about this way:
Horepower: the power your engine makes.
Remember, both cars had the same "engine". Both have the same amount of HP.
But thanks to the additional gears he put into the car, the power from the engine (equal in both cars) could be TRANSFERED more often to the wheels per seconds.
This leads to a higher rotational force (like the extension of the wrench in the beginning). Thus meaning, the car with higher torque can pull the house, climb the hill and gets off the start better, because the powers is better transmitted to the wheels.
Hope that helps
horse power describing the engine and torque describing the transmission.
@@cillianryan1065 @vrayn is correct, just remember one thing. The unmodified car will have a higher top speed than the car with the gear addition.
@@billyhess5263 why
As pointed out below, what's missing is the 2 cars on a longer track, showing the decreased top-speed the modified car now has. In my opinion, right at the end of the video. Otherwise, a perfect video. Very simplistic, but that was one of the goals here. Good going!!
"Horsepower gets you to the wall"
"Torque gets you through the wall"
-my step dad
Momentum is the deciding factor, not torque or horsepower.
That's wrong though, entirely
This old saying has been proven wrong
Stepdads can't be trusted... Only REAL dads... unless your real dad says that horsepowere gets you to the wall and torque gets you through it... In that case, your real dad can't be trusted either.
This explanation is even more concise than this video
Amazing! Probably the best explanation of power and torque on the internet.
Actually one of the boringest videos I've ever watched... I'm a mechanic and there would be better ways to show this... plus gloves dude seriously get a life
Adding another gear is clled gear reduction which increases the torque by multiplication and slows the overall top speed due to (numerically) higher gearing...
You'd have better acceleration with the lower gear but also you reduce max speed (same to the extended lever arm).
Yea I feel like the video could've done a better job showing the detriments of the higher torque setup.
@@Zen-t2j Yes. For anyone who do not know it deeper, it may seems like the toy car with high torque had a better top speed. Wich isn't the case, this car reach a certain speed quickly, due to the high torque, but will not be able to reach a bigger speed.
Читать и смотреть то ещё удовольствие))
Great explain, Thank you so much.
Basically times load x speed a given horsepower motor can move a heavy weight slowly, or a light weight fast. The sports car motor compared to the truck could potentially move the same weight as the truck with low enough gearing. The reason they don't use the same motor between the two vehicles is the truck motor does around 2000rpm so it lasts crossing the country, driving across the country at 8000rpm won't happen for to long.
This is exactly right. HP was created to compare different engines. So 700hp is 700hp and with gearing both engines can do the same thing. Though both engines might not last as long hehe, like you said
Finally someone that points this out. As long as an engine does some power, you can adjust the gearing for getting the same torque at the wheels. What can change though, is how the power curve is delivered. Diesel engines have the benefit of being high torque at low RPMs, which does help to avoid stalling the engine when the vehicle has to move much weight
@@piereligio_ds Correct. For those who are interested, this guy does a good explanation of why diesels fundamentally produce more torque and at lower revs.
ua-cam.com/video/D6YmAecTolQ/v-deo.html&ab_channel=EngineeringExplained
This was a great video. My only critique would have been to use different colors to help the audience keep track of which car was which during the demonstrations. Thank you again for the time and effort - it really was great!
They did a fine job explaining torque, but please know that you have learned nothing remotely correct about power from this video.
1:20 This statement is false. Power is the time rate of work - put in layman terms, power is how strong resistance is TIMES how quickly it is being overcome. Talking about "how many times torque is transmitted" is nonsense.
2:22 Also false. The mechanical power of the stalled car was zero. Torque wasn't zero, but even torque at the motor wasn't the same between the two cars (because of how electric motors work).
@@drienkm why was the mechanical horsepower there zero and what do you mean by that exactly
@@xfdfff2620 The mechanical power in the stalled car was zero because power is not just force (like torque). It is force times movement against the force. No movement - no mechanical power (there was certainly electrical power though, but 100% of it was being turned to thermal power because the motor couldn't move.)
Here's an example the might be clearer. There are large forces in the wood in a tree when the wind blows, but the tree needs no power to remain standing - it only needs material strength and no energy is used - no power.
Likewise if you put a car in park on a hill and leave it, there is significant torque in the driveshaft, but no energy is needed to keep the car parked - no power.
@@drienkm do you think it wasnt able to put that power down, because of lack of torque in that scenario?
@@xfdfff2620 In a way, yes. The motor torque was actually higher in the stalled car than in the moving one and it was consuming more electrical power (a characterictic of electric motors), but the gearing was such that the load was still too high for the motor to turn, making it just a heater:)
As a visual learner this does a great job of explaining the difference.
@Strat Abuser I submit mine to be crowned as the best pfp
@Strat Abuser I whole heartedly agree
@Strat Abuser damn straight.
Hello, I loved how you increased the coefficient of friction with a little rubber band. It would be a great demonstration to your average viewer, to demonstrate coefficient of friction. Explaining why two cars engaged in a tug of war contest can be manipulated by tires choice so that either one can win.
Hello, I compete in VEX Robotics. Adding rubber bands to wheels to increase traction is something I learned very quickly. Not always necessary for drive wheels, but very good for fly wheels.
It seems to be you should have included top end speed over time also.
I agree. We should have seen that the unmodified car would win a longer race due to higher top speed.
Yea
How about u do it
Top speed has nothing to do with horsepower or torque. Top speed is about gearing the longer gears you have the more top speed you get.. more HP and torque on helps you get to top speed faster.
Yes..this is just demonstration of torque... horsepower related you didn't show anything
Torque is a measure of the force going to the wheels at that exact moment in time. Horsepower is a measure of how much work is done over a period of time, like a second or a minute or an hour, day, whatever.
Yep! That's why horsepower can be converted to watts; there's about 746 watts in one horsepower. And watts can be expressed as joules (energy) divided by seconds (time), so thus a horsepower is 746 joules of energy per second. If you have a 750 watt power supply in your computer, that's just about one horsepower! More power! Arr arr arr! Joules in turn are newtons times meters - where newtons are a unit of force equal to about a quarter of a pound.
Torque gets you moving, horsepower keeps you moving.
Does that make torque the derivative of horsepower?
@@jom0bx189 Hmm not sure. If you dont have power (hp) to get things moving, torque cant exist. So yeah I guess HP comes before torque.
@@jom0bx189 not quite. The formula is power = torque*angular velocity (P=Tw) where the angular velocity is in radians per second. It’s the rate of change of energy with respect to time. I think the title of this video is misleading. It’s really comparing the trade off between torque and angular velocity.
Great explanation!
However this video is missing a critical final demo of the unmodified car winning the race in a low load (flat) scenario.
This was a very simple explanation. Thank you. You guys explained a complex subject in a very easy way. I'll subscribe for sure! Keep up the good content!
Great demo; extra kudos for showing your experimental progression. Most folks wouldn't show the plowing thru the barrier and crashing, then securing/gluing the barrier, then adding rubber bands for traction. It's more entertaining when you 'show your work'.
Torque is how strong the engine's rotation is usually measured at a given rpm. So imagine an engine of a given weight where a tire of a given circumference is directly attached to each end of the crank shaft. If that engine makes 100 units of torque at 1 rpm and you compare it to an identical engine except it makes 100 units of torque at 1000 rpm, the 1000 rpm engine will travel farther in a minute outputting 100 units of torque than the 1 rpm engine, meaning the 1000 rpm engine has more horsepower.
Horsepower is kind of like how far you can travel using a specific amount of torque which is why if an engine makes its torque higher in its revs, it makes more horsepower (more distance traveled/more revs completed in a given time).
Not really. Torque is rotation power, while hp is quantity of rotational powers per unit of time.
Horsepower can tell you how much relative (compared to other rpms) torque you can generate at the wheels after the gearbox is taken into account. Gearbox is a torque multiplier.
Engine torque is only ever more relevant if there is no gearbox.
Stick to composing music. It's probably your jam anyway!
@@SlyNine Torque is what moves you. With no torque, you have no power. If you have a lot of torque, a very low amount of HP is still more than enough to get the job done.
If HP is what mattered semi trucks wouldn't need engines that make 1600+ FT LBs of torque but only 300-500hp. It'd be the other way around they'd be rocking engines that made 1500+ HP and only a couple hundred FT LBs.
Torque is not a measure of power. Torque is force applied to a lever (e.g. a crankshaft...where the connecting rod attaches to the crank) at a certain distance from the center of rotation. This is why units of torque are a force and distance (so lb ft being a pound of force applied at 1 foot from the center of rotation).
Power on the other hand is force times speed or torque times angular speed. Horsepower is a measure of power but with a scalar applied so torque times angular speed all divided by 5252.
This was a great video! So simple and informative without any BS or frills. Thank you!
> Leverage > Torque. < Leverage < Torque.
It's very simple,
Torque × RPM = Horsepower
@@tserzzForce + Leverage = Torque
(Not just leverage alone)
A lever without force produces no Torque.
Physics is the most fun when you put it into practice 😊. Very well explanation sir
When I was a kid I used to love playing with k'nex gears and learned this concept. I had built a crane and used a wind mill powered by a fan and it was able to lift really heavy weights since I geared it right down. Did other fun stuff like that too like winch etc.
This was easily one of the best explanation videos I've ever seen on this topic.
Muito bem explicado! Obrigado pela aula! 🇧🇷
Excellent demonstration, simple, clear and easier to grasp, thanks👌
Thank you, this is the best explanation for a layman that I've seen.
Whoa, thanks for this explanation. I never thought to look this up but it's something I've always wondered about in the back of my mind
Very nice! I think a good idea would be to show a high horsepower model car vs high torque model car, with a straight race, straight race with loads, uphill race, upihill with loads. I think this would make it really easy to understand the difference!
A 18V driver can generate up to 350nm of torque. Imagine it is made to drive a car instead of its 1L 3cyl tiny gasoline ICE that produces 150nm of torque. Use any gearing you'd like. How it performs, your guess?
@@berdmonte5370 The 18V driver rotates much slower than a car engine, so while it may have enough torque to move the car, it would only be able to move it at a very low speed. The car engine may produce 180 horsepower, but the 18V driver likely produces less than 1 horsepower. There is no substitute for power. If you want to move a lot of mass fast, you need a lot of power. There's no way around that.
@@jetengine7 tell it not to me
Neverr learnt these two so good 👍
В эксперименте не объясняется связь мощности и момента двигателя. Ведь добавление шестерен - это изменение передаточного числа. А это уже трансмиссия.
Добавление шестерен это увеличение крутящего момента на ведущих колесах с одновременным уменьшением их угловой скорости. Если брать мощность на ведущих колесах N=T×₩ где Т - это крутящий момент, а ₩ - угловая скорость. При постоянной подводимой мощности можно ехать быстро, но на легке или медленно, но везя груз.
I love the explanation of Torque. Thank you for that. I understand torque now.
But if you had also done the same for Horsepower, that would have been a comparison. I am still unclear on the difference.
If both cars had their load removed and were on a flat surface, the unmodified one would have a higher top speed.
Torque = rotational force. Extending the wrench arm gives more torque without needing more arm force.
Horsepower = torque x rpm. As you imagine if you extend the wrench arm you will be able to move the bolt but you can't really make many rotations per minute, or you will get breathless and sore arms. However if you go to the gym instead you can use the basic wrench to move the bolt AND you will be able to make more rotations per minute.
Horsepower is basically whether you can sustain such torque at higher RPM. It's a unit of power because it multiplies force (torque) with work (rpm = work over time).
When we want to know how a vehicle will perform (car, truck, train, boat, airplane, etc.) it really boils down to how hard the engine can push it while it's moving at some speed. The reason that knowing just the torque of an engine can't tell us this is that we we also have to know the leverage or gearing situation connecting the engine to the space it is going to move through (wheels, propellers, gearing, etc.). Knowing how fast the engine can be turning relative to how fast the vehicle is moving tells us this relationship. It tells us how much PUSH we get for some amount of torque. This is why power is such a foundational concept in understanding vehicle performance. Power is a rate of "doing hard stuff" (work).
Power would not matter if the engine had a job where nothing moved, but then an engine would be a terrible choice because fixed structure can do those jobs indefinitely without using energy (no work is being done). Also as we know, IC engines can't run at zero rpm:)
@@counterleooff topic but you look handsome af
03:00 If friction, traction and drag isn't an issue, the high-geared car with relative higher power would takeover the low-geared and rel high torque car in a long strip. But is an experiment with fixed gear and same plataform, with combustion engine vehicles other factors would be present, but the same principle applies.
Dude it was great I didn't expect to be like this
Ещё можно объяснить простой формулой: мощность=частота вращения *момент. То есть при одинаковой мощности может быть разным соотношение частоты вращения и момента. Чем больше момент, тем меньше скорость и наоборот. Формула взята из книги «Теория электропривода».
Я так и нифига не понял, если поставить движек от феррати на тягач, он будет быстрее ездить, или нихуя не поедет! Всегда думал, что двигатель обеспечивает мощность, а КПП обеспечивает момент.
Torque is the literal force output at any given moment, horsepower is the rate at which it can be applied.
Rpm is the rate. Horsepower is total work being done
What is missing here is the following: electric motors have (almost) constant torque, but variable power. The reason that the left car with gears accelerates faster is not only greater torque, but also greater power output of the motor due to greater RPM at the same car speed. The power rating on most electric motors is the MAXIMUM power a motor can generate (before burning out). The left car (with greater torque) will reach maximum power sooner, at lower (car) speed, then it will either stop accelerating, burn out or be electronically limited. The right car will reach max power at greater speed (if it can reach that speed at all), then stop/burn/block.
Very helpful, this video should be displayed to everyone new to the concept.
Aí, mais uma boa recomendação do UA-cam! Boa explicação do vídeo, claro e eficiente.
O UA-cam tbm me favoreceu ao recomendar está explicação. Fomos abençoados com um vídeo muito bem explicativo e informativo
Torque = Força. Cavalos = Velocidade.
thank you for simplifying the concepts! i understand there is probably a lot more to it but for a layman this was great!
In the last comparison, the toy car on the left having an higher applied torque than the one on the right is able to act on the ground an higher friction force, being the lever arm the same in both cars. Major traction means more acceleration and therefore more variation of momentum (speed) in the time unit!
The best torque demonstration ever
*Крутящий момент это "ускорение", а мощность это "скорость"!*
Про крутящй момент: из двух автомобилей с одинаковыми массой и коробкой передач, со светофора быстрее стартанет тот, у которого двигло с большим крутящим моментом. Про мощность: из двух автомобилей с одинаковыми коэффициентом лобового сопротивления и коробкой передач, большей макс скорости достигнет тот у которго двигло большей мощности.
А знаешь почему так?)
@@romaskyline2729 Причина того, что у современных легковых авто с ДВС макс.крутящий момент ДВС достигается на средних оборотах двигателя, а
макс.скорость авто на высоких оборотах, кроется в коробке передач. Теоретически, еще большую скорость можно развить, для данного
конкретного авто, с данным ДВС, если бы у коробки передач этого авто была бы, условно, 8 (9/10/...) передача, на которой бы и
происходило уравновешивание макс.кртящего момента ДВС силой лобового сопртивления авто, которая тем сильнее чем выше квадрат скорости.
Но для автомобилей широкого потребления это, видимо, сильно усложняет конструкцию коробки и поэтому не встречается в "природе".
I had an automotive teacher once explain it to me as such: "Torque is how much work the motor can do, and horsepower is how fast it can do it."
This personally makes sense to me when you compare vehicles like race cars (high HP, lower torque, high speed, low weight) to tractor trailers (high torque, lower HP, low speed, extreme weight).
Thats a good way to put it. So HP numbers really arent that relevant if the TQ doesnt match. So a built up 4 cylinder with a turbo pushing 1000hp but only 500tq is going to be slower 1/4mile speed than the same car with a V8 making only 700hp but 700tq to go with it.
@@TheBroLounge wrong 4 cylinder will be faster
@@mrwhips3623 nope
@@TheBroLounge Very very wrong. 1000HP will be faster. HP numbers are actually only relevant thing. Engine can deliver HP with low rpms and high torque, or high RPM and low torque. Either way, if power is the same, acceleration will be the same. To achieve max efficiency, that is to say to keep engine at its peak power for as long as possible, we use gearing. So in case of High torque low rpm, we use smaller gear ratio, with high rpm low torque we use high gearing ratio. Result will be the same.
@@cnc_channel510 Nope. Dont go changing topics about gearing, obviously each car would have optimal gears. Its very simple, if a car needs to rev to 10,000 rpm to make its power with little torque it can easily lose to a car with less overall HP but more torque and a better powerband.
No, it is not HP vs torque, just different gearing ratios. You just showed us how transmission works, but their engine is the same, with the same HP and torque.
You're right, but the video is all the way wrong. If you measure the torque at the wheels, it would be higher on the geared car.
@@dabradguy But how do you measure horsepower at the wheel, and which car has higher horsepower at the wheel?
Agreed. This video doesn't explain at all why an engine has max HP and max torque at different RPMs. Based on the video you'd assume that max torque is at max HP.
Also why a truck and a sport car have very different engines, even if they can have the same max HP? It seems all depends on gear but that's not true. You can't just swap the engines and expect the same results.
@@juzoli you measure horse power the same way. Torque * Rpm. so RPM would go down. I think the horsepower stays the same, or at least pretty close.
@@TheMule71 yeah, the parasitic losses alone would make the sports engine literally useless in a big rig.
Nice explanation, E46 M3 clip was great.
Horsepower = Torque x RPM ÷ 5252
Comparing horsepower to torque is like comparing distance to time.
Distance = Speed x Time
This needs to be pointed out. You have zero work = horse power, without torque.
Einstein and general relativity: 🤐
The 5252 constant only holds for imperial units.
As someone who's career depends on knowing the difference between horsepower and torque, I don't think this helps much in explaining the difference at all. It's more analogous to the difference a torque box can make, given a certain amount of joules input.
I think, the difference between a push, and a punch, would come closer to explaining horsepower vs torque
So torque is how much can you carey but hp is how fast can you go carrying it?
This is a wonderful video! Can I please request if you can release a voiceover version, hearing and watching the videos > reading and watching, will improve the experience way more! kudos!
keep in mind, more torque = less speed. Awesome video btw! real life examples are better than 3D animation
with appropriate gearing, a smaller engine with less torque but same power can tow exactly the same weight as a higher torque engine. although to achieve the same work it will need higher rpm and usually will wear quicker, unless it's specifically designed to handle it, with adequate cooling, strong internal components, and well maintained (good oil and frequent changes). you can make up for torque with shorter gearing. you cannot make up for low power with torque. Now if your main goal is longevity or low maintenance, things are different.
No not really. I tried that and I blew up the Tranny and Axle for expanding and over reaching it's capacity threshold I learned the hard way lesson after doing that. That's what happened to my 1999 Nissan Skyline R34, I didn't followed the specifications of it's tranny system and instead I increased it's Torque way above the engine's limitations or threshold without replacing the specific tranny, axle and gears to handle the higher amount of torque. And I blew up the Tranny on my 2nd race and lost $15,000 in the track (FYI, I don't do street race, I only race in the track, with big cash or pink slip as a bets and payments will do just fine)
In theory at top speed yes...BUT...You would need a transmission with 50+ gears to get the 600hp/400lb-ft Race car engine to pull the same speed/load as 600hp/3000lb-ft Caterpillar truck engine does in 13-18 gears...
@@misters2837 the number of gear needed only depends on your lowest/highest gear ratio and how wide is your power band, and how much you want to optimize your mileage at stabilized speed.if your power band is not super narrow meaning not NA high revving race tuned engine, 13-18 speeds will be plenty enough. you still have the cooling issue if you use an engine at high load/low speed where it's not intended to operate but nothing a cooling upgrade couldn't fix. otherwise, power is power, it doesn't care about displacement. wheel torque can be as high as you need with correct gearing and transmission speed for the torque
make no mistake, I'm not saying you should swap your truck with a Honda S2000 because in the end it all comes down to reliability which is the reason working truck diesels are overbuilt
@@geemy9675 No.
@@misters2837 that's very concincing
If you increase the length of the “piston rods” (actually connecting rods) it does not create more torque. All that does is allow the piston to hang at top dead center and bottom bear center longer and it accelerates the piston faster from each stop. Benefits? Maybe. But not more torque. Increasing the crankshafts stroke is what creates more torque. Like putting an extension on your wrench.
Diesels do it by burning longer and as the conrod gets to 90 degrees
A longer rod can apply force from the piston over a greater angular displacement of the crank for a given stroke before the angle between the piston pin, big end bearing and main bearing journal starts to produce side thrust than downward movement.
@@webtoedman in many many many many Dyno tests and drag tests, it makes enough difference that can’t be shown. However, a longer rod will wear the pistons less due to the shallower angle of the rod, pushing it into the wall less. A longer rod DOES NOT create a higher mechanical advantage like using a longer wrench does. A LONGER STROKE crank does. And guess what. You need a SHORTER rod with a longer stroke crank. OR you move the piston pin up higher in the piston, and sometimes it pushes the pin height into the oil ring.
Torque is amount of air flowing through the engine per cycle. Longer stroke is more torque.
@@suekennedy8917 torque is force x perpendicular distance or moment arn not sure what you mean because a 2l diesel has more torque than a 2l petrol
I would’ve been the kid in school to immediately ask “can you play it again… I don’t get it”. But if someone spoke and used words w/ the demo, I would’ve been good
Torque is simply a force applied in a turning motion. Horsepower is a measurement of work.
My instructor in trades school explained it like this. Put a 6 foot wrench on a seized bolt, pull as hard as you can, but thr bolt doesnt turn. Did you put out torque? Yes! Loads of it, probably over 500 ft/lbs. Did you put out any horsepower? No, because the bolt did not turn. Horsepower is work, and work requires movement, either rotationally of linearly.
If you look on youtube at those old steam tractors, they put out something like 110hp and 3000 ft/lbs of torque. Sounds too good to be true, until you realize they make that power and torque at about 200 rpm. If i took a 110hp honda engine and connected a gearbox to bring the speed down from 5000-6000 rpm down to 200 rpm it too would put out 3000 ft/lbs or torque.
В конце не хватает теста на скорость, машинка с добавленными шестернями по прямой будет проигрывать по скорость, закон физики гласит, если в чем то выигрываешь то обязательно в чем то проиграешь
@Помогай Бедным это бы просто показало закономерность расхода энергии на проделанную работу в зависимости от назначения, если это например буксир там скорость не важна, если это спорткар то там грузоподъёмность не важна, все зависит от назначения
@Помогай Бедным так не получиться выиграть и там и там, всегда в чем то проиграешь, ну как тебе объяснить?
Ну возьмём трактор Т-40 1980 г. выпуска у него двигатель 50 л.с. Мак. скорость 27 км.ч.
И ВАЗ-2101 1980 г. Мощность 59 л.с но мак. Скорость 140 км.ч.
А теперь о прицепе что трактор может утащить до 7 т. А легковушка максимум до 1 т
Вот видишь по мощности они почти одинаковы но за счёт того что коробки разные у них то и скорость и грузоподъёмность разная, что собственно и было показано в ролике, проще говоря они из легковушки сделали трактор и это получилось за счёт того что они проиграли в скорости
In vehicles though you always have a transmission and final drive with opportunity to choose optimal gear ratios. So in the end engine power is all that really matters, because the transmission will be matched to that engine to ensure decent performance (ie acceleration and top speed). There's no performance reason you couldn't put a sports car engine (of equal power) into a big truck, and with the correct gearing it would perform just the same. People talk about engine torque and pulling capability, but that's down to wheel torque, not engine torque, get high enough gearing and you can pull anything.
Like a racing engine could handle pulling heavy loads
If you don't mind changing down 3 gears everytime you want to accelerate along with a highly strung engine noise, low mpg, and an engine that may only last a year. Then go for it.
@@briank10101 exactly, all those reasons are why it's not done, but from a purely performance point of view it would work. Power is power.
@@scamchan it could if the power was used properly. That's something that can be achieved, but doesn't make much sense to do it that way.
@@arcelivez high horsepower racing engine doesn't mean high torque to pull heavy loads.
The same reason tow trucks are not race cars.
A simple way to visualize the relation between torque and horsepower is to look at an impact driver. Just look at a drill vs driver and you’ll see
The principle of extension of wrench arm to gear was fantastic explanation. Thank you very much
Studying the mathematical formula for HP long enough should explain the difference.
Horsepower = torque X distance/time. In a rotating engine this translates into torque X rpm/5,252
Simply put, horsepower is a function of torque over time. Torque moves stuff, HP tells you how fast it can move. This video is a good start at illustrating the difference, but the nuance of top speed vs. load pulling and acceleration is somewhat glossed over. Yes the geared down car accelerates faster, but it would also have a lower top speed. This is why most bicycles and cars have gears. This is also why a big rigs use 10-18 gears whereas cars get along just fine with 3-10 gears...the higher end being for fuel efficiency ratings more than drivability.
Agreed, and LOTS of people think FASTER is better than QUICKER.
I thrive on QUICKER as I wait at the end of the quarter mile marker, waiting on the FASTER car to cross
The most important thing at the end was not said: a modified car now develops a maximum speed less than an unmodified one.
Самое главное в конце не сказали: модифицированный автомобиль теперь развивает максимальную скорость меньше, чем немодифицированный.
При равных оборотах на двигателе с увеличением крутящим моментом также увеличится и мощность т.к. (Обороты * крутящий момент)/5252 = лошадиные силы. Есть и иные методики изменения, но суть такая же
Согласен, это две взаимосвязанные величины
Величины коррелируют, но соотношение, возможно, окололинейно для паровых и электродвигателей. График ДВС гораздо запутанней. Да и как и любой сложносочленённой механической системе, даже в примере для наглядности с “закисшей” гайкой, изначально требуется преодолеть “старшую” «Силу Трения Покоя». Дальше проще. Напоминает людей.
@@Groover800 ничего там запутанного нет, эти величины жестко связаны друг с другом и формула там точно такая же: Крутящий момент = (Мощность / обороты) * Коэфф.размерности
@@MerryNose понесло в степь. Мощность величина сугубо математическая. Крутящий момент реально отражает эффективную работу производимую экземпляром ДВС, собственно и позволяя произвести вычисления. Пересекаются графики из-за возрастающих с увеличением оборотов механических и тепловых потерь максимум однократно. Хотя? Действительно, для чего городить изменяемые фазы ГРМ, рассчитывать инерциальность потоков топливовоздушной смеси впускного коллектора, да и КПП получается нахрен не нужна!
Да вы заговор раскрыли, неиначе! Всех к стенке, будете руководить роющим многокилометровую траншею гусеничным экскаватором.
@@Groover800 То что вы написали -- это очень распространенное заблуждение: типа момент определяет мощность. А на самом деле -- ровно наоборот.
Чтобы понять это, давайте подумаем откуда вообще возникает как момент, так и мощность в ДВС. А возникают они в следствие сжигания топливной смеси, в результате чего выделяется энергия. А энергия, выделенная за единицу времени -- и есть мощность. Полученная энергия совершает работу, перемещая поршень, (а если мы поделим ее на время совершения работы, опять получим мощность -- сюрприз!), а поршень перемещается с силой, которую можно рассчитать как Работа/Перемещение (поршня). После чего при помощи коленвала мы поступательное движение превращаем во вращательное и получаем Крутящий момент.
Что особенно важно: крутящий момент мы можем бесконечное количество раз как уменьшать так и увеличивать посредством редуктора (КПП), а вот мощность как была, так и остается постоянной -- закон сохранения энергии во всей красе.
А то что вы написали про про фазы ГРМ и тд -- это, безусловно, имеет место быть. Только влияет оно, в конечном итоге, на эффективность сжигания топливной смеси, то есть -- на выделяемую энергию, что, будучи поделенным на время -- опять даст нам мощность.
Если хотите разобраться -- вот мои статьи на Драйве по этой тематике со всеми выкладками:
www.drive2.ru/b/585162013521495774/
www.drive2.ru/b/589364896718665484/
Будут предметные возражения -- вэлком в комменты, сюда или на Драйв -- как вам удобнее.
This was a superb explanation, bravo 👏👌🎯
Very nice! Maybe you can add a point about top speed and how it applies to both scenarios.
Note to self: The engine is only as good as the transmission it’s attached to.
This is one of the reasons you often see a German car manufacture take an engine from an American muscle car and and build a car with double the horsepower.
Just as a radio is only as good as its speakers…
what transmission? oh right, you are referring to obsolete technology
@@Blox117 Far from it...soon I expect to see transmissions attached to electric cars (again) to increase efficiency. There is immense waste in electric vehicles currently requiring a more electric consumption than should be required if we incorporate some gearing. As with combustion engines, electric motors have a "sweet spot" RPM where they are most efficient.
@@94XJ LOL and ruin the efficiency of an electric motor? Electric motors already have all the torque and RPMs they need, why do they need to go through garbage first?
A little precision : a truck can pull heavy load thanks to it's gearing. Gear a 500hp race car to top out at 5mph in 1st gear, 10 in 2nd (you got it, gearing it to work like a truck) and it will perfom the same for pulling as a 500hp truck (theorically obviously, there is lot more reason than just torque to explain we use big slow revving motor for trucks)
No, it's not because of it's gearing. A 100HP car can have the same gear ratio at top speed but couldn't pull a 60,000 load. It's the ENGINE that provides the difference, with a much stronger drivetrain to match.
@@need100k I am comparing same power. + yes sure a car could not pull 35t, that's why I add "theorically", I am basing on taking a car engine and putting it into a truck for exemple.
@@mrmim0x173 - I'm using your words. "a truck can pull heavy load thanks to it's gearing". That's not a true statement. It's gearing HELPS when STARTING to pull the load, but the torque comes from the engine.
@@need100k yes sure, out of context it does not mean anything. And yes you are right, but I haven't said gearing is the only cause for pulling capability, but that grantly help to start, try pulling a 35t load with your 6th gear for exemple (6th truck gear should correspond to a 1st gear in a car (that's a total exemple)), you will need to rev the shit of the motor and probably solder the clutch before moving 1 meter. I was just using this comparison because in the video he say that only torque matter but he didn't explain gear ratio, nor wheel torque, since you don't connect your engine directly to the wheel, but you use a gearbox between
Gracias por la explicación va directo al grano. EXCELENTE VIDEO así explicado con manzanitas (bueno con carritos) claro q entiendo!!!! Gracias :-)
At 0:55 you say it’s the length of the piston rod that can in- or decrease the torque, but that should be the diameter of the crankpin in relation to the crank-center right?
The throw of the crank which is also the stroke yes. The length of the connecting rod is immaterial.
But you didn't explained HP
HP - Health Points
Your life counter in games.
(No need to thank me)👍
@@reiddywakes-ue7vn thx bro🙏
Bruh literally did 1:19
Вы забыли об одном. В идеале в данном случае вы понизили передаточное число в импровизированной коробке передач. И если бы трек был длиннее а мощность батареек позволяла развить максимальную мощность электродвигателя то не модифицированная машинка приехала бы к финишу намного быстрее. В вашем же случае за счёт короткой полосы машинка не может выйти на максимальную скорость.
Да. Так они об этом сказали в самом начале видео, сравнив спортивную машину с грузовиком. И видео объясняет разницу мощности и крутящего момента.
@@SupaTima ...и превратили "спортивную машину" в "грузовик" добавлением шестерни. Ну и видео не объясняет разницу мощности и крутящего момента просто потому, что её быть не может. В конечном итоге всегда сравнивается вырабатываемая мощность с вырабатываемой мощностью.
Só entendi quando o carro empurra o tubo e despenca no precipício arrastando a casa😮. Brincadeira a parte, excelente vídeo e explicação! Ganhou o like!!
Moral of the video: Don't get a car with high torque or else you will fall of the cliff.
So buy a Honda. I have 2 of my own before I get any hate 😆
Already got one. An Rx7 ain't got no torque, she do screams
@@aevans148 Same here.
The relationship is :
Power = Torque x Rotational speed.
Your choice … speed or pulling power.
You cannot get both without increasing the power output of your prime mover (engine).
This is the best explanation for the formula
To me Horsepower increases the amount of bodies you can bowl over when you drive into a crowd.
Torque on the other hand increases the amount of the bodies you can tow away and hide.
While this illustrates torque, it does not illustrate the advantages of a car with 'more torque', as it neglects the fact that cars have transmissions which can select gears for the appropriate situation.
A truck and a sports car with the same horsepower could pull the same heavy load, except the sports car might have to be at a higher RPM to do it (if it has less torque).
More torque at a given RPM just means more power at that RPM, nothing else.
That is Crystal clear, thanks a lot.
Спасибо, я про*бел 3:19 минуты своей жизни, чтобы так нихера не понять👍👍👍
солідарний з вами
Та же херня
Horsepower is simply = Torque x RPM ÷ 5252
If you look at a dyno graph, HP and torque will always be equal at 5250 RPM for this reason.
Alos, the max torque and horsepower spec of a ENGINE has nothing to do with the gearing of the drivetrain.
Which is what this video focuses on, drivetrain gearing, not max motor HP vs max motor torque.
1 Horsepower is lifting 30,000 pounds of weight one foot in one minute. Or it could be lifting one pound 30,000 feet in a minute. Horsepower is a measure of work over time. The unit was originally developed to sell steam engines that were replacing horses in mining. I think James Watt came up with the idea? You can Google it. I can't be bothered right now. Could have been Joe Blow. Doesn't matter to the discussion at hand.
Gears are just round continuous levers so its kinda the same
It's exactly the same!
Супер!
Я бы только добавил ещё один опыт, где со старту машина с бОльшим моментом стартует быстрее, но в долгосрочной перспективе она проиграет гонку, т.к. у автомобиля с меньшим моментом, но с большей скоростью выиграет гонку)
nami burn e viper electric kock scoter 150 kg with rider 0-50 km/h 3.5 sec 0-80 km/h 9 sec from 0-50 km/h at 3,5 sec we know avg acceleration is 4m/s”2 x150 kg os avg force of 600 newtons at contact path (not including all resist like drag roll asf ) it have 11 inch whell diameter so 600nx 0,14 m radious wheel = 84 nm at engine avg dont including ressit with ressit avg be 100nm or even lil more its engine make max 11 hp around 👉🏻 m.ua-cam.com/video/Y9s-gYF1soo/v-deo.html&pp=ygUfbmFtaSBidXJuIGUgdmlwZXIgYWNjZWxlcmF0aW9uIA%3D%3D vs feg tvs apache 310 rr weight with rider 250 kg so alot more its combustion n/a 1 cylinder engine generate max 27 nm only so 4 times less than nami burn e viper at much biger rpm but it have 34 hp and with good gearing gearbox + clutch it can launch from 0 to 50 km/h 2 times faster cos in 1,75 sec to 80 km/h it need 4,5 sec so still 2 times quicker 👌🏻 👉🏻 m.ua-cam.com/video/coRwF3lM6hA/v-deo.html&pp=ygUPbW90b3JiZWFtIDAtMTAw 🤷🏻♂️ top speed? nami maybe can reach 100 km/h if would have longer road and if he lean down more vs tvs 160 km/h gps 🤷🏻♂️ 👌🏻 … so in this presentation „car” with more torque dont start faster not even close 🤭 than „car” with much lower torq and much biger weight like you see much biger power with good gearing and clutch can beat at launch much biger lowend torq even if vehicle which have much less engine torq is much heavier 😁👌🏻 we can also for fun write that nami burn e viper generated from 0 to 50 km/h from like avg 84 nm avg 600 newtons force (not including drag roll asf ) vs tvs apache 310 rr from pathetic 27 nm max at engine generate from 0 to 50 km/h avg 2000 newtons force (not including drag roll asf ) 👌🏻 acceleration is only 2 times better bit weoght is biger so force at co tact path must be more than 2 times biger 👌🏻 drag isint so much lower at those speed asf whatever tvs generate much biger force from much lower engine torq thanks much biger power corealte with good gearing and clutch 👌🏻
Horsepower is how fast you're going when you hit a wall. Torque is how far you take the wall with you
Says someone who doesn't understand kinetic energy.
Может автоматический перевод криво всё объясняет. Но тут дело совсем в другом - тут просто изначально передаточное число было неоптимально для этой машинки. Модифицированная машинка оказалась и быстрее и мощнее, а так не должно быть, она должна стать либо медленнее и мощнее, либо быстрее но менее тяговитой.
Так там и сказано
мощность машинок одинаковая, дружок. только одна всегда ездит на второй передаче, а другую переключили на первую.
@@martyray6546 ну так та, что на первой должна медленнее ехать, а тут нифига не так!
@@antua63 так дистанция короткая, сделай 100 метров и на 2-ой приедет быстрее
Мощность обеих машинок одинаковая (движок то один и тот же), просто при помощи редуктора первую машинку сделали более тяговитой и она быстрее разгоняется. Вторая будет разгоняться медленнее, но достигнет большей скорости.
0:01 im sorry but whoever pushes from below is already a lost cause to me
You pull up?
@@4StrokeShopcurling arm is easier than pushing with tricep
Up is pulling, down would be pushing
Master explanation, many thanks!