How a Fuel Pump Works
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- Опубліковано 2 лип 2024
- Here's what's inside the fuel pump and how it works on your car.
The fuel pump, or fuel sender unit, is responsible for sending pressurized fuel to the fuel rail on the engine. It is normally situated inside the gas tank, cooled by surrounding fuel.
The fuel pump assembly consists of an electric DC motor with a paddle, a pickup screen, float, tank level sensing unit, filter, pressure regulator as well as the empty level sensor.
The DC motor drawings fuel through a turning paddle in through the housing of the motor, past the rotors and brushes out the top.
Fuel then saturates the filter, where it can then make its way up the top to the fuel line leading to the engine. Excess pressure built up in the filter is bled off through a pressure regulator valve at the bottom of the assembly, where the fuel is returned to the tank.
The tank float attaches to an arm that attaches to a metal head. The head moves in a semi circular pattern against a circuit board with printed resistors. The measured resistance values are relayed back to the instrument cluster to determine fuel amount.
The empty level sensor is a device that looks like a resistor. When submerged in fluid, it reads 2K ohms. When dry, it reads an open circuit and turns the light on the dashboard warning of low fuel in the tank.
Assembly of these components are held together by plastic pieces which are clipped together. Often these require disassembly when replacing defective pump units, as only the motor needs to be replaced.
The fuel pump in this video was removed from a 2001 Toyota Corolla.
Replacement fuel pump motors can be found here: amzn.to/2xuDpmr
A basic metric socket set is all you need to access it: amzn.to/32cEhKm
If you are having issues with fuel pressure, check it using this tool from OTC: amzn.to/2xynzHi
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Replacement fuel pump motors can be found here: amzn.to/2xuDpmr
A basic metric socket set is all you need to access it: amzn.to/32cEhKm
If you are having issues with fuel pressure, check it using this tool from OTC: amzn.to/2xynzHi
What's the rubber thing at the top called?
I spent 6 minutes of my life on this video and it was worth every second. I've learnt sooooo much in this short video. Thank you for taking the time and making this video. You would make an excellent teacher or trainer. Thanks again!
Learned
This dude should be at a UNIVERSITY teaching..he talks great n makes u understand every detail..God Bless you..
Man I wish I could have a day job doing what I do
@@speedkar99 the problem when you're brilliant is you tend to over shine many regular cats 😂
@@speedkar99 why pin 86 and 87 of fuel pump relay has already got power even when KEY IS AT ON POSITION??
IS NOT IT SUPPOSED TO GET ACTIVATED ONLY WHEN ENGINE RUNNING??
@@tnamen1307 you have to have power at the fuel pump before the engine is running. otherwise there isn't any pressure in the fuel system and then your engine wouldn't get any fuel when your try to crank it, certainly when your car has stood still for like 2 weeks any pressure in the system is gone. depending on what motor you have, direct injected motor have an high pressure pump. the fuel pump in your fuel tank builds up pressure until around (3 bar, depending on what application you have) and sends it to the high pressure pump where it gets compressed until around 100 bar
@@glasser2819 good morning, I have a problem with 1TR engine. Wish If you can help
This guy knows how to make and edit a video. Many UA-camr's can learn from him. Thanks, very interesting on the fuel pump.
+Leon Duigan Thanks
Short and to the point is my video style!
i think he edit too much
I totally agree!
Leon Duigan sikringer til fuelpump på mer cedes c220cdi o6 modell
John Oliger sikring til c 220cdi 01modell
It's amazing how many things are working together in a car, and how complex things like a fuel pump are.
Very good explanation. Recently the fuel pump in my car broke down, and I came here to understand how it all works. Thank you so much.
Me also. Fascinating
How anyone can give this video a "thumbs down" is beyond me. This video was incredibly detailed and more than what I expected. I am glad that I found this channel. It will certainly take my learning to a higher level. Great work!!!
+tgoodm1 thanks I'm glad it helped you understand
You know the people that usually shine their brights behind you or drive with their high beams at night? the people that pull out of their driveway without looking? the people that drive 30 in the fast lane? people that will cut in front of you at the grocery store with 4000 items in the cart while you only have 3 and you have to wait till they are done? those are the kind of people that thumb down great videos like this, the dregs and idiots of society.
If not the best explanation of a fuel pump I’d ever seen!
One of the most worthy 6 minutes on UA-cam.. Subscribed and highly recommend this channel. Respect from Pakistan 🇵🇰
Learned more in that short video and had every question I had about fuel pumps answered within 7 minutes. I had been searching the internet for 2 weeks now and still didn’t find the answers to my questions. Found this video and BAM every question and things I didn’t know I was gonna ask eventually were answered. This guy rocks.
Glad it helped
You and me both man!
This video is so underrated. Amazing breakdown!
This kind of video editing is reminiscent of old-school educational videos. Straight to the point and actually about the parts I wanna know.
best 6 minutes I've ever spent in UA-cam, straight to the point, in word's anyone can understand. thank you good sir
Awesome video. Great pacing, no bs at all
+Ryan Dodds Thanks, short and to the point is how it should be
Nicely done video! I wish I knew as much about anything as you do about fuel pumps.
+Coolest Thing thank you glad you learned something
My car's fuel pump is giving me problems so I'm here looking for videos and you explained every single piece of the fuel pump. Respect! Excelente video!
Glad it helped you out!
Just what I needed to learn: thank you! You saved me the trouble of taking my old one apart.
My Astro's fuel filter is separate from the tank, and its pressure regulator is built into the carburetor. It thus requires a return line to the tank from the carburetor.
It's amazing that my new pump can put out as much as 60 psi with just that simple impeller you showed us, that is, if the fuel is blocked from flowing by a pressure measuring gauge. I didn't measure the flow rate, but adjusting the constriction to flow is how the pressure is controlled.
Excellent - quick and to-the-point. Didn't leave anything alone - opened it all! Well narrated. Good job!
This is how a great informational video is made. Good edits, no nonsense, not having to watch all 8 bolts being removed, just all pertinent information. Good job, thanks.
+edenorchestra thanks
Short and to the point is my style
No need to bore you to death unscrewing bolts
very true, engineers are direct to the point... that's why we dont mix with sales people that are wired with spaghetti logic 😎
Very good tutorial. All we do is sit and drive our vehicles. Without the fuel pump we are going no where.
Agreed. Just as vital as...your tires or engine.
@@speedkar99 Yes...thats right..
A lot of UA-camrs can learn from you. Brilliant video.
Sure they can, we learn from each other
Driving for one year and never got to know there's even a motor in the fuel tank. This video makes me wonder how complex ICE cars are.
Btw, this video is great. very much straightforward
Great visuals, great editing, great video. No bullshit; just the bones of what we need to know. Brilliant.
+Labrador McGraw thanks
Short and to the point is my style
Really interesting and educative
My Hyundai santro has got a problem,when the engine gets hot, there is a missing, is it due to faulty fuel ump
Literally the best explanation video on anything I've ever seen. Well done. (not to mention funny!)
Thanks
Imagine if he forgot to press record. Impressive video by the way.
Hey fella just wanted to come back and thankyou for this video because it taught me that my GM Agila a uk vehicle fuel filter was in the fuel pump assembly and it was stuffed full of crap. I had done the usual that is changed the pump initially and no change until I saw your video. cant tell you how brilliant your video was for me. I bought a complete unit and tested it off the car like you did and the pressure went from 7psi to 55psi and I new I was on the right track. Most other videos only focus on the pump. yours showed it all and I am a definate follower for the duration. You are a star in my view. Thanks for helping me!!
I dont however understand why manufacturers put fuel filter in the unit anyway. I always thought fuel filters were outside so that they could more easily be changed. Go figure ay!! I really like you style especially your big spanner LOL!!! keep them coming. are you in the trade? excellent!!
+colin Lyne thanks I'm glad you appreciate my videos and it helped you understand things clearer. I am an engineer in the day and a backyard mechanic at night...haha
I could tell you are an engineer. Cause mechanics don't open up things into little pieces to see what's in them. Only engineers do that. Long live our species. :)
@@thomashvnmusic ? I open up everything to find out how it works or has stopped working and ive been a mechanic for 42 years
Best educational video I've ever seen on UA-cam. Thanks!
+Shane Schaffer Whoa, you haven't seen it all, check out my other videos for more!
I love how with every step you take further, you always saw open the next part. Excellent video!
I get so much out of your videos. You could be a lecturer or teacher of anything. You are really smart! Thank you!
One day I'll probably be a teacher who knows
Another awesome video! 🚗 Thank you! 😊
+Christopher McColm thanks for the feedback
I have been dissuaded from building my own fuel pump after watching this very well-made video.
This is one of the best edited videos on youtube, consice, informative and not one wasted second.
As someone who doesn't know a damn thing about car stuff, I find this fascinating and educational. Well done.
Thanks
Great content as usual, your brother needs to keep an eye on his clothes hahahhaha
Dude! That was a fantastic explanation. Bien hecho!
+dougdevine27 thank you!
You guys are amazing. Short of breaking open the wire- damn you showed the system in detail. Great job.
Packed with useful information. Tight, fast-paced but comprehensive. Doesn't miss a thing. Love this video. Thank you.
Thanks
I'm working on a fuel pump tear-down video of my own; should be out within a month. The fuel pump I have is twice as tall, and I didn't have to use any power tools to get into the metal casing, so the inside will be a little cleaner. It's interesting how different the spinning element of the pump was between mine and yours.
+Cars Simplified thanks, yes there are quite a few different pumps out there. Let me know when you post your video too!
Forgot to tell you when it came out. It's posted now!
D:
The fuel level sensor is a thermistor that stays cool when submerged so its resistance is high. When not submerged, it starts to get warm from the current and heat up. More and more current flows as it warms which allows the light on the dash to illuminate.
+Jay _ that a a good thought, thanks
Jay_ you are wrong. The fuel level sensor is not a thermistor. It is a variable resistor (rheostat) whose output resistance (middle terminal) depends on the position of the arm which in turn depends on the amount of fuel in the tank. However, there are some vehicles, especial those with a return fuel line, that have a thermistor in the fuel tank. The purpose of this is to send the fuel temperature to the ECM for engine performance
You're talking about the low level light for the thermistor. The fuel quantity or fuel level is a series of resistors.
Good explanation of the thermistor though, the fuel level wording kind of throws us a curve.
So much technology and details in a fuel pump, it is a magnificent complex of ingenuity. The more he cuts to find details, the more I appreciate engineering.
I agree! I have a totally different perspective on cars, engineering and mass manufacturing now.
It's a good time cause I have a project coming on this week to change my fuel filter,housing and the strainer on my car
Thanks again for these valuable information
+moe raw Glad it helped!
That showed why its so important to never run out of fuel. The fuel going through the pump actually cools and lubricates the motor. Without it a fuel pump will overheat very quickly and that shortens its life.
Good point
If you run out of fuel the engine stops running.
CUT OPEN ALL THE THINGS! Another excellent video and your brothers sock made a surprise appearance.
+Gene Fever Haha thanks. Yep I had to steal is sock. Its not like he needs it anyway.
And yea cutting open everything is my plan for this car.
That's a damn fine plan.
Legend has it hes still cutting into the fuel pump. What a great video explained every single peice love it.
Glad you enjoyed it
I'm just preparing to replace my fuel filter, didn't think I really wanted to get into the fuel pump / sending unit assembly at the moment but it's really quite simple and clever. Didn't realise the float and low petrol light were different mechanisms, I guess it's good to still have the dash light if your float circuitry fails for any reason. And it's just using the fuel as a conductor which disappears below a certain level, again so simple. I think we often get tricked into thinking things are really complex because the overall system is. It's great how you break these things down to make it more digestible.
Agreed. Very simple.
Very informative. Great video!
+Eric Weiser Thank you for your feedback
Can't thank you enough for your videos. Your detailed explanations are the best I have seen. May I ask where you acquired your knowledge? Did you attend university and obtain some sort of engineering degree? I have not seen anyone on UA-cam with the level of engineering knowledge that you have.
Check Engineering Explained on YT
Yes I have engineering degrees but we don't study this in school. I learn as you learn taking things apart on video and from repair manuals and reading up online
@@speedkar99 yep, you are curious and like to understand complex engineered systems.
The devil is always in the minute details that make things perform right, efficiently or fail prematurely 🙂
The more you learn the easier it gets because you aquire "brain muscle" to organize your knowledge
🤗
@@speedkar99 why pin 86 and 87 of fuel pump relay has already got power even when KEY IS AT ON POSITION??
IS NOT IT SUPPOSED TO GET ACTIVATED ONLY WHEN ENGINE RUNNING??
Brilliant - no fluff, to the point and very informative - Thank you!
WOW! you sir really know how to break it down in teaching about how a fuel pump works!I I learned a lot more watching your video than I did watching 2 other videos before yours about fuel pumps!! Thanks!
Glad you learned
This video makes me feel like a mechanic.
Why?
Good stuff.
+Hugh Jafro thanks
Ah-ha! That's why my low fuel light quit working several years back. The pump and fuel level sender continues to work so I ignore that problem. Great video. Good pace.
+joeaverager so what now if you run low on gas?
If I could like this video 100 times over I would, thank you for the video!
You are the best.
+Rahul thanks Rahul
So this is one of the best things on UA-cam I've ever seen, I learnt so much. I'll admit that initially I thought it was Donald Trump, my bad.
+wrapdump I'm glad you learned something!!
He leatnt
You are the best auto mechanic in the world.
Thanks for the video sir.
Great work - rapid and to the point explanations, plus good visual details. Very much enjoyed it. Thank you!
Your welcome
Why do the sparks generated by the brushes of the DC motor not ignite the fuel???
+NutsandGuts you need air to ignite fuel. There is none inside the pump
speedkar99 ok i get it, but what if I run out of fuel? Then air gets in right?
I'm guessing gasoline does not conduct electricity like water. If you tried this with water it would short the motor out and it wouldn't even spin.
they are bushless motors
guess i should of watched video befor commenting
yay the toothbrush is back!
+RipJawsX 95 yes it sure is
best pointer 🏆
Dude! You are the best! Toothbrush caught me off guard. but I dig it. Thank you for the explanation, keep 'em coming
+Ekaterina Koroleva thanks I'm glad you enjoy my video. Check out my other videos for more toothbrush
This is how people should explain things Great work
Entry and exit of fuel got mixed up.
... is the pressure regulator after the filter media, right?
EXCELLENT EXCELLENT!!!!Yes very good, very educational, very easy to to follow and understand. Your video describes how a fuel pump works and breaks it down in steps and the individual mechanisms...EXCELLENT EXCELLENT!!!!!
Thank you for taking the time to make this very detailed video. Great job!
Could the fuel filter be replaced with your brother's sock?
+joshuag94 yes.
+joshuag94 in fact I am literally using my brothers sock on my vacuum right now because I can't find the right filter size.
Dude has PhD in fuel pumps..
+Sychonut No I only have a masters degree
Interesting about the fuel level sensor graduations. Thanks for the *excellent cuts and no stock music* and use of technical terms like series resistance. A+++
Thanks, that's my style!
@@speedkar99 Well, I had better subscribe, then. Done.
This guy is 4 years of automobile engineering degree in videos. I learn here much more than I do in college.
Thanks. Unfortunately I didn't learn any of this in my engineering degree
@@speedkar99 heyy! Yes definitely. This knowledge is never found within the textbooks. But only if one knows this practical stuff (that you do), he is assumed to be a good automobile engineer. And this knowledge comes with hands on experience only. Ironically....
Btw you are a legend 💯
@@speedkar99 btw, Today is engineer's day! My greetings to you brother 😊
Give away Tooth brush at 1m subs !!
+Yathu prem Haha good idea
Or how about a video on what's inside a toothbrush and how it works?
speedkar99 That would be awesome
Thanks, very nice video to understand insights of a fuel pump. I found very valuable to see the pumping volume while working and also the working principle of the filter fuel bypass valve.
Damn! This guy knows his shit. This is the type of self confidence I want to expect from my mechanic before and after dropping off my car...
Thanks!
I learn as you learn while making the videos.
Never knew this small part was so complex! Good video!
yeah this video makes me wonder how insanley complex ICE cars are
Quick explanations and dirty demonstrations. Love it!
+Pavel Paul thanks Paul
Now it is so easy to know various topics. You just need to find videos like this. Thank you.
Thanks a lot. Now I have it much more clear than I really needed. You are a real expert.
Thank you !
Very explicit and straight to the subject video
+Pavel your welcome
The amount of technology that went into making this one piece of a car is mind blowing.
Perfect presentation. Everything covered. Thanks
You are welcome!
Excellent dissection of this device.
+Tanitoluwa Oyegoke thanks
Im gonna replace the fuel filter for me car soon, this video really solved all my questions in my mind.
I always thought that the small tea bag was the only fuel filter for the whole system, until I watch this video and you cut things out for us
Great video ! 👍
This is so detailed. Thanks very much for the video.
Your channel is one of the best. We got chrisfix to show us how to replace parts and you to tell us HOW it works!
+Leo glad you enjoy it. Thanks
Hats off to you hardwork to explain all these stuff
Awesome thanks
Very good demonstration. Excellent
Awesome video!! Thanks for going so in-depth!
+Marcos Herrera glad you could benefit
I like that you get to the point, I think most people that post videos just like to hear themselves talk. Good Job!!!
Glad you appreciate my video style
Thank you for making entertainingly destructive instructive videos!
You are welcome
Excellent video dude. Nice clear and fast paced.
Thats a lot of stuff! Thanks.
You make the best videos anywhere but man you are brave to do this without gloves
Nice, quick and very informative.
I like the way that you open everything and explain and do all this quickly.
Thanks. Short and to the point is my style
@@speedkar99 the good thing is you consitently do that with a LINEAR LOGIC that is easy to understand, your trade mark !
🤗
Outstanding video! I'm showing this to my children so they understand why they shouldn't run their cars down to empty. LOL.
All your videos are great man thank you for taking the time!
+James Towne glad you enjoy them
I like! Straight to the point no fluff!
Yes, this guy is very good explaining, very clear. Thank you
I have that exact fuel pump assembly. Those were the easiest to work on;however you go above and beyond by slicing up the pump and showing us the guts.
Thanks. This pump is used in Many different Toyota models
@@speedkar99 I like the larger filter but the Philips screw driver bolts needed to go. That was a design I didnt mind because those bolts get stripped too easily. Now you just need a hammer.
You answered everything in the text. Thanx again.love your videos
Thanks
Man, I love how you do your vids they are awesome and super informative. You’ve earned my sub.
this Video was a hidden Gem. Very good. Allot of info and 1st hand observations.