DNA and RNA - DNA Replication
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- Опубліковано 19 тра 2024
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#DNAreplication #DNAmolecule #DNA
SCIENCE ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: Let's take a look at DNA replication, the process in which DNA copies itself. Why does DNA need to copy itself? Well, before a cell divides during mitosis, it must make a copy of its original DNA. This ensures that both resulting daughter cells will have DNA that is identical to the original cell's DNA. So at what point in the cell cycle does DNA replication happen? DNA is copied or replicated during the S phase of the cell cycle. A good way to remember this is that S stands for synthesis, which means to make. Now, let's see how DNA replicates during the S phase. If we zoom into the nucleus, we can see the DNA molecules two strands or sides twisted together in the classic double-helix formation. The two strands are connected by hydrogen bonds between their nitrogenous bases. The first step of replication begins with an enzyme called DNA helicase. The suffix A-S-E or ASE tells you right away that helicase is an enzyme. Helicase unwinds and then separates the two sides of the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between their nitrogenous bases. Each separate half of the DNA can now serve as a template or pattern for the creation of a new strand of DNA. This separation exposes all of the nitrogenous bases on both sides of the DNA to the environment within the nucleus where free nucleotides are present. This brings us to the second step in DNA replication, the creation of two new identical DNA strands. An enzyme that assists in this process is called DNA polymerase. It adds free nucleotides available in the nucleus to the original template strands. DNA polymerase does this by creating new hydrogen bonds between the available nitrogenous bases of the free nucleotides and those on both sides of the original DNA molecule. New nucleotides are added to the template strands following the base pair rule of nitrogenous bases. Remember, in DNA, adenine always bonds with thymine. Thymine always bonds with adenine. Guanine always bonds with cytosine, and cytosine always bonds with guanine. So these newly attached nucleotides form a mirror image or complementary strand on each template strand of the original DNA. As a result of this replication process, two duplicate molecules of DNA are produced from the original DNA molecule. With DNA replication now completed, the cell is ready to begin mitosis. We will cover mitosis in another video. In summary, DNA replication is a process in which DNA duplicates itself, making an identical copy. Replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle when a somatic cell is preparing to divide. DNA replication is necessary so that the two daughter cells produced after mitosis both have DNA that is identical to each other and identical to the DNA in the original cell. At the beginning of replication, an enzyme called DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases and unwinds the DNA molecule. Each side of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the creation of a new complementary strand of DNA. With the assistance of DNA polymerase and other enzymes, free nucleotides are added to the template strands following the base pair rule. The result of DNA replication is two identical duplicate DNA molecules from the original DNA molecule. ♪ [music] ♪
NSV16037
Wonderful work! This series deserves far more views than it seems to have.
These is the only video on youtube which explain DNA replication in a great and proper way
Best animated tutorial I never watched before like this
Thank you soooooo much. I don't know how I could understand biology without your videos ❤❤❤❤❤
It would've been good if you explained how the second strand is duplicated as it's not the same as the first... which could be misleading to those that do not know that... for those that need that information, keep searching the videos dudes for more accurate info.
@@Bub-n-Luci the process is different in how each strand is produced, one is continuous duplication, the other is done in stages
Thanks sir for Very impressive and clear teaching
Your videos are fantastic!! We consider them the best videos on this topic. Can you plz guide us which software do you use for generation of these videos
Finally understood how it's replicated. Very clear animation. Super 👍
thank you for explaining in a simpler but yet in a very clear and educative way.💯
Glad it was helpful!
Thank youthese videos have helped me so much!!
By far the most exquisite video explaining this. So awesome! Big shout out to the creator!
Thank you for this video. I didn't understand it when I read it in my textbook, but now I do!
WoW best animatic video in this topic to clear your base .💙🙏
I'd be very grateful if you'd kindly considering making this sort of videos covering the whole A level syllabus!
Thank you!
Thanks so much help me for exam very good explanation
the primer is a sequence of nucleotides after the helicase places the primer and then the DNA polymerase adds the nucleotides
Please make another associated video about how mutation occur during DNA replication.
Why they dont teach us with védios like that it's just very clear and simple ❤
Great video but, what about de SSB proteins? When the helicase cuts the hydrogen bonds, DNA needs a complex which maintain each strand separated.
Thank you so much for this explanation.. though it covered the concept but
I needed in a more deeper way like of you have mentioned about replication fork ,ssbp,other more enzymes involved etc..
Btw the animation & visualisation was good ✨
Thank you so much!!
Forever Thanks.
Best visual explanation, I have ever seen, very well explained. Thanks
*Nucleus Medical Media Thank You So Much ! You're Blessing for Us* 🤠
What about enzyme ligase for the rizipping of parent strand to newly formed daughter strand
This channel is the best
amazing! thank you.
Unbelievable!! Now, I know where the nucleotides that bind to the template come from!! THANK YOU!!!!!
Nice info 👍
Keep it up 👍
Thank you sooooo much 💐💐💐
Thank you very much sir
Such a life saver❤❤
Thank u sir❤
Thank you
impressive kudos
this vid was ok, could definitely go more into depth though, it doesn't even touch on the more important aspects of DNA replication
Tnx so much
Thanks!
Very useful video👍👍👍👍👍
Good explain .......
Aap kaha se hai sir which city
Thanks
Wow!!! thanks a lot.I am from Bangladesh 🥰🥰
Please upload videos more frequantly
This is the best video I have ever seen about DNA replication. Kudos!
Underrated guy...💀
What does helicase and polymerase mean?
we want more videos and quizzes based on biology ncert 🙏 ❤️ Love from India
Okazaki fragments?
Screw the lagging strand
what about leading and lagging strand? primase and ligase?
those don't exist.. neither do okazaki fragments.... apparently
serious answer tho, I think this just for like introductory biology, like high school level
why didn't u talk about DNA ligase
my science teacher said this was good
Does this happens at prophase stage of mitosis and meiosi?
yes! this is the process dna goes through to replicate for both mitosis and meiosis
No, this happens in Interphase before mitosis and meiosis.
Prophase is part of the cell division
What can I say exept THANK YOU
greatttttt
salam seko jawa tengah lek
❤❤❤❤
Ok thanks vai 🆗🇧🇩
Thanks🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🧨🧨🧨🧨🧨🎄
DNA is the condensed network in the form of chromosomes so why chromosomes are not divided in S-phase?
Chromosomes divide in the G1phase
Anyone got a summary of the vid
The reason "why" the double helix coils down, is because of the "movements of energy"! AGCT is a scientific name of the strands, but similarly, these strands "commit" to energies, that are not included in these studies, because: SCIENCE is based on "hypothesis", and they lack the "spiritual side" of the making! Therefore, "we" keep on studying with names, and forget to think! ENERGYS.....these are the "sublime" units that build up life, itself! - Yours, CLEOPATRA 2000+
No mention of primase or ligase, or the flow of polymerase from 3' to 5'.
3.5/5.
Disappointing!
All your other videos have been fantastic!
Right! He doesn’t even talk about leading or lagging strands and the Okazaki fragments
سبحان الله ♥️😍
Where is the RNA??
Ok maninho isto já não ta a ter piada, a salomé não me ensinou nada destas brincadeirinhas…. Abraço!
Where free nucleotide come from
they're floating freely in the nucleus
You are so cool UwU 🎉
Such a life saver❤❤