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Making Hydrogen Peroxide Attempt 1
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- Опубліковано 14 сер 2024
- I attempt to make peroxide using the anthraquinone process used in industry. I will try again using higher pressure, temperature and perhaps a different catalyst.
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A couple suggestions. 1) prepare the hydrogen separately and store it in a balloon or something. Then make your setup capable of separately having vacuum and hydrogen input. Separating the two system gives a lot more control.
2) when purging the system, it's a good idea to do 3 cycles. So vacuum and fill with hydrogen, then vaccum again, 3 times, just to make sure there is like 0 air left. Air remenants might not actually be a huge deal though.
3) palladium is rarely used as raw palladium powder because of cost, and efficiency.
The efficiency is intimately tied to the surface area. Usually the palladium is supported on a solid support like carbon, al2o3, etc. which increases its surface area immensely.
I'm interested in seeing what you try next!
I hope codysaw your coment. im also internested in another video like this one
How about you try them?
dol- -lod Uh, I hope you know NileRed makes chemistry videos too... and goes a lot more in-depth...
I am a big fan of NileRed man
@NileRed can you give us a clean video on this? There are quite a few folks interested in this now in the USA since you can't buy 35% from ANYWHERE anymore.
Famous last words in the chemistry lab: "Eh, it's probably fine"...
@Parody Poops Attempting shutdown! It’s not… it’s not… *Loud explosion* *Screams*
Well shit, now i can't do my video on hydrogen peroxide synthesis. lol,
But seriously good work Cody. I look forward to the next video.
Lol, look on the bright side tho. Gives you more time to scrub down that fume hood.
How come, would it not be just dandy to have more than one example on the subject? I mean, no two experiments are identical. You both produce great content.
NurdRage make anthraquinone :)
Please do a collab video soon. Like i just suffered Cl2 inhalation - that would make my heart swell.
Seriously?
I didn't know making H2O2 was that complicated.
It feels strange to be the first to watch your video.
RandomElectronics - Poser
Alexander Knight Patreon supporters
Pffft all you need to do is burn some water, it's ez
O-O bonds are pretty unstable very similar to halide-halide bonds. This is due to high electronegativity.
Two chemistry students come into a bar.
First one says "I'll have a glass of H2O, please."
Second one: "I'll have a glass of H2O, too."
Second one dies.
Eliphas Leary i knew this comment was coming before I clicked on the video.
takin my lines lol
And now please watch his video where he actually drank H2O2 und survived ;)
Two chemistry students walk into a bar.
The first one says "I'll have a glass of H2O, please."
The second says "I'll have a glass of water too."
The first one is devastated that his assassination plan has failed.
@Hunte13 Very dilute peroxide is fine in small volumes. However, drinking any substantial quantity of even 3% would be quite harmful. Dose makes the poison, as always.
I feel your pain Cody. This is the same thing that happens to me nearly every time I try to replicate an industrial process in the lab. The industry guys have the advantage of purpose built apparatus and lots of research/trial and error to build on. Good job getting at least a small result! That’s a success in my book.
I can’t stop seeing the “lol” on the xylol can
lol
lol
lol
lol
"Ok so lets see if I have any peroxide"
Totally thought it has going to be a taste test.
Nathan Fitzer this video was uploaded 6 hours ago
“2 weeks ago” uhhh
Nathan Fitzer when did you watch this video
Payton L l
@@MooxOG 3 years ago
Thank you for posting your attempts & not only your successes. We really _do_ learn so much from our mistakes, as well as watching others. You rock man. Please keep up the fantastic work!
The trick with those cans is to pour with the spout at the top, not the bottom. You won't spill any that way.
The spout is in the exact center of the can.
Hi Cody,
to test for H2O2 with the classic test (using KI and soap) you need a concentration of peroxide about >7%. Under this the foaming is so small it will not be visible.
You could use permanganate to check the conc. of the peroxide.
Love from germany :)
Watching your work here, and with other solutions, really makes me appreciate the bulk chemical industry production.
I dont know a lot about the process, but half an hour of air bubbling (without stirring?) at room temperature might not be enough to oxidise the anthrahydroquinone. Also, with the low amount of starting materials and assuming not-so-great yields in both steps (as is usual for homemade chemistry), you wouldnt expect to have more than a little bit of hydrogen peroxide in your solution. (2 grams of anthraquinone and 30% yield would lead to only 3 mmols or 0.1g of hydrogen peroxide, making your test solution roughly 1%)
Cody, have you ever been questioned by anyone about buying quantities of certain chemicals? That would be an awesome video to make. Maybe just talk about some chemicals and why they're watched by authorities. Thanks for what you do. Very cool!
Silas Taze second this
third
UA-cam would probably give him trouble for it for “teaching us how to use dangerous chemicals”
William Griffin I would assume it could done vaguely enough, yet still interesting. But I see your point.
pretty bad idea if youre cody lol
"anthraquanine"
First "blech" and now "anthraquanine"
The light might be destroying the o-o bonds. Prolonged exposure of H2O2 to light will cause it to break down in to oxygen and H2O.
Iron Beard
Only on a very long term. It takes a year or two (if it is conserved without any metal ion contamination) to observe a significant change in H2O2 concentration, in 30% solutions. If the solution is more diluted (like cody's), it will take longer.
That’s a cool bong where did u get it from
Yee
Khaffit XD
What the frick! I thought that was an Xbox card. I mean an Xbox remote.
Khaffit vape nayshe V/\
Could you actually melt and cast a piece of SILICON ? It would be challenging, I guess. You could then ask the waterjet guys to cut it or the hydraulic guys to crush it.
No
Awesome videos man, I love how you test new things rather than the same old experiments everyone else does
A smart guy like you should have a nice lab area to do all your work, instead of working on a piece of drywall. Your channel does very well, so I'm surprised you don't have a well lighted area with a beautiful lab setup and backdrop.
Stop being elitist.
Cody, you should try to spot the ISS at night. NASA has a website called spot the station and it lets you see what times the ISS will pass over you at night. You just type your location and it shows sighting times around you, the amount of degrees it is in the sky, and also what direction it comes from. If you use a very good telescope you'll be able see the solar panels and US part of the station. If you do everything right you'll see a small moving dot that looks like a star. Zoom in on the moving star and maybe you will see the station. Tip: Even if your location is not on the website, you can just use the places around you.
Also, Anthraquinone is pronounced An -thra -quin- none
My uncle setup a 16" telescope to try and catch it based on the cordinates NASA gave out. You could see it shoot past the lens and could almost make out the solar panels if it wasn't moving so fast.
It is extremely difficult to find and track ISS in a telescope.
I want “Eh it’s probably fine” to be my last words
Cody, is it possible some day that you can show how you break down an experiment like this? I mean the cleaning and maintenance of the glass ware. Thanks
Cody’s made me fall in love with chemistry. Unfortunately I only know minimal reactions and I can’t even remember the atomic weight of anything past the reactive metals on the periodic table so I must therefore live vicariously through Cody
Just out of curiosity what audiobook were you listening to
How to make hydrogen peroxide: A beginner's guide?
darude sandstorm
Hey Conner
Attempt 1? When will attempt 2 be uploaded?
Just after the explosion.
how high will be up- loaded?
Joaquin Elio 😐
apparently not for a while
Cody so simple from the outside and nonunderstandable from the inside thats why im lovin Cody :) and no change after 1m subs.... good vid and keep it going.
"Cody angrily makes hydrogen peroxide to distract himself from the loss of his egg-children"
-a better title
Can I say that I’ve never seen a video on UA-cam titled anything like “making hydrogen peroxide” that wasn’t made by codys lab
cody thats a nice lime cola that you made, looks tasty
Cody, you kick ass!! Been watching for probably 5 years and always enjoy your videos. Keep this science train going!
I just want to say, I like every video I see where Cody makes a slab, writes codyslab on it and then says "this is a cody slab". Havent seen this one all tge way through, but its gold.
Cody, I think your videos would benefit from filming/editing with 60 frames per second. You move a lot and the shots with your hands will feel more realistic and easier on the eyes at 60fps.
I almost clicked away from this because I misread it as "making hydric acid attempt 1."
The Cody who cried wolf.
Cody, I did and do enjoy all of your videos. I don't understand all the knowledge you have, but I'm fascinated at all you do.
And the "Mad Doctor" Cody is back at it in his hidden lab... Lol. You do have the ability to make these videos enjoyable and educational to watch. Thanks again for doing what you do here!
Cody can you do some stuff involving thermodynamics, I think that would be interesting.
I agree! I've seen a lot of thermodynamics in action from..... less than standard living conditions in a cold climate.
Hey Cody. I didn't get a UA-cam notification for this, nor is it showing up in my feed. Only knew it existed via reddit. Is UA-cam messing you around again?
It's unlisted. Nobody can see it unless they're given a link
Once you buy glassware, you never stop haha! I debated for a few months whether or not I wanted to purchase something (knowing full well that a million more purchases follow if I did) and ultimately pulled the trigger and got a heating mantle off ebay. But then I had to build a temperature controller. And buy a simple distillation glassware setup. And a sep funnel. And an addition funnel. And... well you get the point. Now I have a full organic lab, in my bedroom haha
I'm so glad to see you do this experiment! I am even more certain that buying H2O2 is my only option!
Super video, thanks for sharing !
I just realized, Cody could legit be the irl Breaking Bad😂
Make good use of ur “new glass” and ur country side land
Garen1 so original.
Haha.
Garen1 ya, most chemists especially those with PhDs, which I THINK Cody has because of "Doctor Reider", could just as easily be Walter white too. It's pretty simple science.
Really, if Cody had any latent Breaking Bad tendencies, he wouldn't have put all his knowledge on display at YT. At least, he'd have hidden his face.
Everyone who's anyone is on the list.
You need more soap for elephant toothpaste to work plus a more highly concentrated peroxide. I've found that 30% peroxide and copious Dawn dish soap work best.
No Nile Red stuff?
Nile red litterally commented above you hahaha
Super cool Cody! I did enjoy, thanks for taking the time.
Perhaps try 2-Ethylanthraquinone. It's what is used in industrial scale hydrogen peroxide production. Straight anthraquinone isn't used, it's usually an alkyl derivative.
Doesn't the bottle of purchased peroxide have the strength by Volume written on it? ie %Vol
Yes. All peroxide bottles have clearly labeled concentrations. That's kind of a law. :p
Thanks
Palladium very expensive.
Rob Carstuff And Platimun is shockingly low 😭
Gold is more valuable than platinum right now.
Yea well who cares if it is a catalyst, it should be reusable.
Caveman speak right here
Yes, because you can use it to make an Arc reactor
Don't feel too bad, that was very interesting to watch as always. Thanks Cody!
I love your channel and your videos please keep making them. While I get lost in the technical jargon I love how you have the ability and knowledge take 1 (or more) item and turn it (them) into something completely different.
Yes, finally someone read my comment thanks Cody! I've been to few different channels of the same content requesting and, commenting that someone try this and, Cody's the first to do it. Cody rocks!! He is the modern-day MacGyver👍✌
except he has to do stuff that actually works
lol
Ay thats a cool bong! oh......ehemmmmm..... i mean vase .
haha i was admiring his glassware too ^_^
I find that experiments that don't go as planned are much more instructive. Always fun to witness the learning process in action!
Chemistry student here, I got some more info on the antraquinone process
Taken from Hollemann/Wiberg - Lehrbuch der anorganischen Chemie 102. Edition pp.534-535:
"The technical synthesis of Hydrogenperoxide is nowadays achieved by the hydrogenation of oxygen from the air at 30-80 °C and 5 bar by anthrahydroquinone (BASF-Anthraquinone-Process).
In the organic phase , anthrahydroquinone is used as the hydrogenation agent. The hereby produced anthraquinone is catalytically rehydrogenated to anthrahydroquinone by Pd and Hydrogen at 40°C and 5 bar, thereby furnishing hydrogenperoxide.
By extraction from the organic phase (with water) one receives a dilute solution of hydrogenperoxide, which can be concentrated by fractioning distillation (removal of water from the solution)."
Coolest video I've ever seen. I love your channel.
Isn't it possible to make H2O2 by bubbling O3 through water?
And a spoon
my understanding is no. O3 is very soluble and apparently just dissolves
Could you? Yes. Would you want to? Probably not. You'll end up with superoxides as the rougemillenial pointed out, even without using anthrahydroquinone. Though the concentration of peroxide formed would be very low, as would the concentration of any superoxides. Like atari7001 said, it's very soluble and oxygen transfer may not happen at all.
LOLZ and you think ozone is easier to make? good luck bud
Ozone is pretty easy to make. Just need a high voltage source and wire.
I understand absolutely nothing about the chemistry behind all of this, however i still get exited whenever you upload a new video
I know when you pull a vacuum on hydrochloric acid you get a lot of hydrogen chloride vapor. I dont' know if that happened here, but as the H2 went into solution on the anthraquinone side, at some point you probably had some HCl coming over as well. I can't say for sure but I can't imagine it doesn't have some effect on the kinetics of the anthraquinone process. Maybe just stick with the sulfuric acid?
Cody could probably be a real life Walter White if he wanted to
You mean, a chemistry teacher?
I swear people can’t watch a chemistry video now without mentioning breaking bad
Pharmaceuticals Music really sad tbh
Is it just me, or is he definitely pronouncing Anthraquinone really incorrectly?
Anthraquoinine? lol... Just like every Americans: "nukelor" instead of "nuclear", "aluminum" instead of "aluminium", "garilla" instead "guerrilla", "kornal" instead of "colonel"... Mispronunciation is typical American.
+SymbolX "Aluminum" is the proper way to say it, though.
SymbolX what kind of Americans are you talking about that can't pronounce nuclear or guerrilla
SymbolX I've never heard anyone pronounce nuclear as nukelor, it's spelled Aluminum over here so of course we aren't going to say "Aluminium", and how tf is colonel pronounced over there?
Aluminum is how it is actually spelled here, not just pronounced. And no one says "kornal", they say "kernel", because that is how it is pronounced. There are definitely dummies that say nuke-you-lar though.
I find it cooler when you show us a practical use of them chemicals you make.
So just a safety note, if that whole setup is under pressure, removing that clamp won't keep it from blowing up. Those fittings can be very tight and you would need to have some kind of outward flow to have that male glass connection pop out. I'm sure there was not much risk here, but just be aware.
Either way, always make sure to engage safety squints
Sorry about the eggs.
Video came out 12 seconds ago but people commented on it two weeks ago ._.
G0D is hiring reddit
G0D is hiring on his subreddit he posts the unlisted video, only people with a link can watch an unlisted video
I pretty much just received the notification on youtube
BOT Zachary ohh that’s neat
Hmm
@Cody'sLab
Apologies for a possibly stupid question, but aren't You pulling acid (in vapour form) into Your vacuum pump using that
procedure when "evacuating" the system ??
As always thank's for another interesting video (of which I comprehended some small parts ;)
Best regards.
"There isn't a whole lot of literature on this topic" Now there's a whole video that he wants to scale up to industrial levels lol
Do you have a “real world” job other than UA-cam ?
Standard/typical/day job might have been the phrase(s) you were looking for, if thats the reason you were using quotes.
Reddit is my new notification bell
Same for me xD
Plebbit users are the worst
edit: I'm serious
edit:I met this plebbit user once and he smelt like shit and wouldn't stop talking about how Ubuntu is the best operating system and he wouldn't stop going on about how Raspberry pi and the ARM chip is the future, didn't surprise me because he was quite on the obese side.
edit:I really hate leddit.
edit down voted.
you didnt even edit your comment idiot
Thomas W
Being this stupid.
"I met this plebbit user once"
You met one shitty user out of millions so all Redditors are the worst. Great logic
Walgreens: Don't call Cody yet. At every step I am yelling, "just light it". Fire department arrives to find a crater at Cody's address; "Crew reports to Chief, all we found was a GoPro." :-)
Would be nice to see the reactions written out so we could see what was happening (or expected to happen) chemically.
For the first attempt that was good.
Why are you making all of these chemicals and telling us you may make them in industrial sclae (nh3,h2so4,amd this)?
Are you planning to make a chemical plant or a rocket to take you to Mars?
He's planning to make a hybrid rocket with H2O2 and wax (saw it elsewhere in the comments)
seems legit
and he wants to make a fusion reactor.
I want to help with cody's competing project for falcon 9. We can do it without millions of dollars and just engineering! We'll just mine some ore laying around the ranch, hook up some mercury stills, mine some platinum off the road......
Don't drink this!
on a scale of one to dead... how much should i not-drink it?
Don't breathe this!
It's not even as strong as 3% drug store peroxide. Wouldn't that be harmless?
MrRoboskippy - I've seen pretty weak hydrochloric acid with a little "weak" 3% peroxide added. It was then able to do some gnarly things to metals. I wouldn't drink even 3% in fear of the reaction with stomach acid.
so then i should drink it? okay will do.
I figured I'd shoot this your way in case you could explain it or use it. I accidentally concentrated hydrogen peroxide in an aquarium setup once.
I was injecting CO2 at a very slow rate and as part of that you need a bubble indicator so you can meter how much co2 you're sending into the tank. A bubble every few seconds is common. The system is under pressure though because the feed eventually lead to an atomizer and that's where the "magic" may be. I know the atomizers won't work properly at anything under 30psi so that might be a start. Anyway, I used over the counter 3% H2O2 as a way of preventing organic nasties growing in the liquid needed for the bubble indicator and creating another thing to clean. However, as it turns out, I was greatly concentrating the H2O2.
One day, maybe a week or two later, I did some maintenance on the system and opened the bubbler and spilled a very small amount of the remaining liquid on my thumb and it quickly turned porcelain white and burned like fire. I dropped the remainder in the sink where it quickly decomposed and bubbled on it's way down the drain. The white coloration dissipated after about an hour but the burn area was red and irritated for about a week after.
Anyway, it got me thinking if this could be done more quickly without decomposing the H2O2. Can it be that the dry CO2 was somehow preventing decomposition while taking water with it? If so how efficient is that? You'll see in my reply that I found a paper indicating you could actually create H2O2 in a CO2 solution with a Pb catalyst so I think there might be something to the CO2 thing. Is the pressure a factor? Is that keeping the H2O2 from decomposing?
Food for thought.
No worries Cody, keep up the great videos! I love learning from your channel!
10 mins later.. DEMONETIZED.
2 guys walk into a bar... the first guy says id like a glass of h20... the bartender serves him... the second guy asks for a glass of h2o too, he died... what happened?
Is h2o2 is hydrogen peroxide
h2o2 is hydrogen peroxide
He recited the same joke he heard in the last bar.
he got corrosified from the inside out
Aaahhhh..! A joke to be listened not read. I tought the second guy was from Signals.
Do they make stir bars that are safe for cooking? I'm no Martha Stewart. Anything I cook needs to take care of itself or its gonna stick and/or burn. Growing up, my mother told me when I hear the smoke alarm, come on back inside the house because that means dinner's ready. So, it runs in the family. I hate standing around stirring things too. I can cook a great chuck roast though...in the oven.
I know no reason you couldn't buy brand-new lab glassware and/or such items as stir bars and so forth, clean the new items thoroughly and utilize them exclusively for preparing edibles. Stir bars are typically covered in Teflon, which is extremely inert and safe for cooking up to around 500F. But it's firm policy that equipment used in a lab must never come in contact with food. Keep kitchen and lab items strictly separate.
i cant think of much use as a cooking took for these... the thicker something gets, the less it will be mixed up by this. most times you need to stirr is, until starch etc. gets hard, which would, if at all, maybe get stirred in the middle of the beaker, but not on the sides because its not soft enough to overcome the adhesion. thats like just stirring in the middle of the pan.
and dont forget; these machines cost much money, too much to simply try it out.
DUDE!!! This is so cool! Sorry you didn't get the result you were hoping for, but thank you so much for sharing the process anyways!
So... all of us watching this come from the subreddit?
Doctor Disco seems so!
facebook aswell
Doctor Disco yeah
Doctor Disco no
What is a subreddit?
Glad to see you post. I've been wondering where you were
My dad worked for FMC where they made hydrogen peroxide, but it may have been a different method. I could ask him how it was done, but it was on a mass scale and they used a boiler to remove the water and concentrate the solution up to 95% or more...
Thanks Cody! Very cool attempt.
I love how Cody shows this things didn't quite work out too.
I recommend a pressure vessel. Glass is nice and clean, but I've never seen a hydrogenation done in glass. Maybe 2 bar to start with. Include a pressure gauge so that you can see the hydrogen depletion.
Purge the vessel with N2 (vacuume/fill at least 2 times) before adding the hydrogen.
Purge the vessel with N2 when you remove the hydrogen, as the Pd/C can burn in air once it is saturated with H2 (I've seen it happen) it's not like Raney Nickel but can still happen.
I understand the purpose of your experiment and it is not cost related, but out of curiosity. I recently found another use of hydrogen peroxide besides putting on a cut or wound. It can be used in to garble in a solution that is 1/2 water and 1/2 hydrogen peroxide. It does not taste pleasant but isn't terrible. I had a sinus infection and thought maybe it had to do with a tooth problem, so I wanted my teeth nice and clean until I went to the dentist. No tooth problems! Hydrogen peroxide can also be used to gargle. Swashing the mix around the mouth for 1 minute kills a lot of bugs and apparently helps with bad breath.
Hydrogen peroxide is very cheap at $0.50 a bottle.
Amazing video! I like the use of metallic palladium as a catalyst!
Rewetting drops are $78.70/ounce, or $10,000 plus/gallon. Make a 55 gallon barrel and it would be close to 1/2 a million.
*I LOVE when Cody does chemistry videos !!*
I was an operator at Duponts huge waste water plant in Deepwater Nj. I off loaded an outside waste truck once that was 5000 gallons on waste water and millions of stir pills. Clogged the pumps up for days lol
Glassware set up backwards. Bubble the H2 gas through the anthraquinone.
Use fecl2 to caöstlyse the breakdown of h2o2. Collect the gas with a cork and hose It can displace water with the same pressure. Measuring the water displaced will give you an answer in ml. 35% 1ml h2o2 gives about 350ml of displaced air for example..
I subscribed instantly during an ad because I clicked on vid based on thumbnail... which I thought was a bong.
Gonna stay subscribed though cuz SCIENCE!
I totally enjoy that. Hope to see more in 2020.
Can you do a video on brake parts cleaner? Explaining what the different chemicals do, and why they’re added?
Have you thought about making more peroxide related videos? I think the topic is interesting.
Keep up Cody! Nice video about peroxide! Can’t wait for your improve on the process. The serie about the mine is going to have more videos? Would like to see that coming! Keep up the good work and content! Thanks!!
Nice, I remember seeing you comment on a NileRed video about getting this glassware; good on ya, this type of kit seems really nice to work with :) looking forwards to more chem
Nice try and great learning experience. I'm sure you'll get it next run.
Cody, consider making a machine based on electrolysis of water, with the oxygen going to one batch of anthraquinone, and another hydrogenating it. You could switch them so that the hydrogenated would be then oxidized, water coming in along with a stabilizer, but that could be hard to set up.
Maybe a side by side electrolysis in solution with a membrane that allows the polarity to be switched, along with maybe sodium carbonate, sodium borate, or urea to make the peroxide fall out of solution better. Of course, I don't know if palladium is a good catalyst while in such an environment, but maybe an organic catalyst that could maybe (I don't know if this is possible under normal circumstances) adduct with hydrogen, or maybe a reducing agent like benzoquinone that is easily reduced and oxidized to absorb and move the hydrogen. Something might have to be done to reduce issues with hydroxyl radicals oxidizing things too far, maybe something to stop that, too. Combined, I'm sure that the process can be done for you !
Also for a electrolyte, you want something that doesn't mess up your solution, naoh would probably be bad because of the hydroxyl radicals, sodium carbonate would turn into co2 and naoh, maybe sodium iodate? No wait potassium iodide catalyses peroxide decomposition, chances are that would also do that. Maybe you could use pyridine as a catalyst or a adduct with it. Also perhaps aqueous acetonitrile could be used as a solvent, and as a way to reduce uncontrolled oxidation with the nitrile making less water available for electrolysis to suppress reactions? The acetonitrile could be hydrated to acetamide, from the overionized water too. Actually acetamide is good as an electrolyte, and I wonder if it would work as a solvent, and I am not sure if acetonitrile could hydrolyse to hcn off the top of my head or if the out of solution peroxide would dissolve in these or not some research is needed, and this is all based off general thinking.
Maybe thioureas or 4 dimethyl aminopyridine
Or maybe you could direct the hydroxyl radicals to do either something preferable, like doing oxidation by itself or winterizing to more peroxide, or maybe just have them quickly oxidizing each other to oxygen fast enough and with low over potential to hope that they don't oxidize anything.
It's official. Cody's crossed over into a real world mad scientist. All he needs is the goofy laugh and lab coat.
Good vid , keep up with the amazing work
I asked to see this once. Love your videos Cody, and I love your personality. We are similar in so many ways.