Evolution of the Berlin Rapid Transit (U-Bahn, S-Bahn) 1902-2021 (animation)
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- Опубліковано 28 кві 2021
- The history of Berlin's rapid transit system, U-Bahn (Untergrundbahn, "underground railway") and S-Bahn (Stadtschnellbahn, "city rapid railway"), from 1902 to 2021 is shown in this animation.
Notes:
The nomenclature, line colours, and routes of the services, especially for S-Bahn, have constantly changed throughout history. The video only highlights major opening, suspension of the tracks in service and does not show minor name changes, route changes, etc. I did try to capture the route and name changes of the lines as much as possible, but the video may not accurately represent the actual routes of the lines at that time as there are not enough records of these changes. Hence, these changes only happen in the background and are not shown as separate event.
For the colours, the lines are shown in the colours that are used today unless they were previously part of a different line. (For e.g. current Line U4 was initially green as it was part of Line B, then changed to blue as it was designated as a separate Line 4 in 1966, then changed again to yellow for better visibility. In this video, the colour only changes in 1966 from green to yellow.)
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Map data ©2021 Geobasis-DE/BKG (©2009), Google
BGM:
After the Movie (by Plaid) - Remix Version by Ricardo Tobar
Rue Calme (by Ulrich Schnauss) - Remix Version by Ricardo Tobar - Розваги
This is definitely much more complex to figure out than other cities...
And be glad that he only have put in the S trains after the electrification... most of the lines were already steam local lines before. and he avoided all the RB and REs :D
Agreed even though London has a much larger system than Berlin, the history of the Berlin Underground is surprisingly complex
@@acmenipponair Ich würde nicht sagen, dass die RB/ RE zu den Öffis gehört(, außer man ist ein Spandauer, aber sie ticken sowieso anders). Also finde ich ziemlich legitim, was er gemacht hat. 👍 - I wouldn’t say that the RB/RE belongs to public transport (unless you come from Spandau, but they tick otherwise anyway). So I think what he did is quite legitimate. 👍
@@blueslime4103 Of course they do. Much like Tram and Bus servive do too.
This video simplifies the process. There are stations build that were never used, lines build that are secret, lines abandoned and reopened, lines build and never used, lines that ended nowhere, bunkers connected to lines.... I am sure nobody knows exactly all existing parts and all parts that exist but are not used any longer.
It's really cool to see the growth, decline and rebirth of the system is also tied with the history of the city as well, really interesting!
666th like
732 likes.
As a Berliner i approve this video
What's your filling?
@@tiagoprado7001 Fun fact: BVG is called Berliner Verkehrbetriebe but it should've been BVB but as what i've heard the staff were calling it BVG or something i don't know.
Whellyy
@@TamworthTheOfficial OH NO
Jawoll
When we're only 5 minutes in but still have 80 years worth of transport expansion to go 😲
With Berlin i wouldn't bet in only expansion after the 40s
You even mentioned the short lived M-Bahn. ^_^
That moment when the wall falls and service is restored…*chef’s kiss*
True, but it took 15 years for the S-Bahn Ring to close. That was always my symbol for some true healing setting in. I remember my excitement when I took my first round trip with friends and family.
This video tells a great story. The way the music swells after the fall of the Berlin Wall, and seeing "restores service" as the city and country heals gives such an amazing feeling.
Love your videos and I'm looking forward to whatever your next project is.
Music should have gotten darker and darker after 1918
I wanted to say the exact same thing! :)
@@peterlustig6888 Why?
@@neu8966 Because Germany and especially Berlin died at that point
@@peterlustig6888 What do you mean by that?
You can not only see changes of Berlin transit but also the history of the city. Incredible.
As a Korean, I felt same tragic feeling when they closed their railways because of division. I hope for situation of my country getting better and watch unification like Germany already done.
By the way, It's a good video. I'm looking forward to see Seoul metropolitan transit system. There are big constructions like GTX(High speed express metro like london's crossrail),and LRT going on, so hope to see video that introducing transits until future.
I live Seoul's metro, one of the cleanest in the world and so expansive.
P.S. Solidarity with Korea!
I have been in the Korean DMZ two years ago and also visited the sole train station there with only one train daily running through. That was an eery feeling. I did not experience living behind the Berlin wall much as I was just a child when it fell, but it must have been a similar feeling in some abandoned train stations.
I really hope you will have your reunification soon.
Is it true that the upcoming Wirye subway line will be a street-level light rail/tram instead of an underground LRT? And does Busan also plan on introducing street-level light rail?
@@lawrencebautista1 I heard that there are two plans for wirye area. one is wirye-sinsa line which is underground LRT, and other is wirye tram which is tram for locals. YES, Busan also has a plan for street level train. I don't know much about it, but there are lines like O_ryuk_do line.
There’d be a massive gap if they reunified. They’d still be split up in or their ways for decades.
As someone who is from Berlin and loves public transport... Thank you so much for the visualisation, its beautiful! I even shed a tear
this is the most uplifting video i've ever seen on public transportation
Some notes (as I'm from Berlin):
→ The tracks for most of the S-Bahn lines ("Stadt-, Vorort- und Ringbahn") (which were added to the image in the 1920's) already existed since the 19th century, but then were run with steam powered trains. This was just the time of the "grand electrification".
→ The street map in the background is the map as it looks nowadays. It also changed quite a bit in this time frame.
Such an amazing video. Railways are a great part of our history, and the history of the world’s cities: what you’re doing is invaluable!
Vote for Milan, Italy!
I like how this keeps the balance between mentioning everything relevant (even the M1), without getting lost in details and anecdotes. Ask a Berliner like me about any of this and you'll be lost in the whys and what-ifs around all of the dead-ends and re-evaluations that led to this system.
A video about the Berlin Tramway would be interesting. It would be interesting to see the Tram completely die in West-Berlin when it was abandoned in favor of buses. It is a barely known episode of history not like the S-Bahn boycott. you also don't really have any infrastructure left in west Berlin where most of the S-Bahn linies where preserved, that is way they could reactivate the S-Bahn linies so fast after the wall fell, they also Plan to reactivate the Siemensbahn until 2029. The last major reactivation of the S-Bahn after that there will probably be never be a S-Bahn expansion in the city:( Well at least the Tramway and U-Bahn is growing.
A Video to the Straßenbahn (Tram) Would take easily over an Hour
That’s not true. For example they are building the S21 right now. The S-Bahn is also proposed to be expanded to Stahnsdorf, Rangsdorf and Finkenkrug.
Incredible! You describe the history of the city through the metro.
Finally i could understand how the metro worked during the berlin wall era
I have family members working for the BVG (Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe [Berliner transport services, responsible for the U-Bahn, buses, ferries and trams, but not the S-Bahn]). Therefore I got a little bit more knowledge about it and I have to say it is quite interesting to see the transit system like this.
One thing I would like to mention is the difficulty that the land itself provides for the every underground construction project in the city. Berlin is quite the swampy area. (Berlin got more bridges then Venice) To build some tunnel the surrounding earth had to be frozen for the machinery to work, at places where the earth was just to wet, like for the U55 as example.
Stuttgart's "Stadtbahn" development would be an interesting one. Hamburg, Hannover, Rhine Ruhr area rapid transit would also be cool.
Especially the gauge change from the 1m gauge of the Straßenbahn (streetcars) to the standard gauge that the Stadtbahn now uses. There are still a lot of sections with three rails, so the historic streetcars can still operate on parts of the system.
Frankfurt U-bahn in Germany has trams operating as multiple unit carriages in tunnel under the CBD and at grade with railway crossings for the outer suburbs. The Frankfurt tram/ light rail system with other strange German tramways also deserve a mention.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt_U-Bahn
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadtbahn
Hamburg would be a sad joke, as the development stopped after the 50s
Yeah Hannover would be cool, interesting development!
Props to you for spelling out all the line and station names, even with ä, ö, ü, and ß, that must've taken ages without a german keyboard
Depends. If he's on Windows, he could've memorized the Alt-codes for those letters (like I did when I took German in school), or copied them from Character Map, or set his keyboard to US-International (which turns some symbols like " and ` into dead keys for adding the accents). If he's on a Mac, there are key combinations using the Option key.
And on Linux, you can set a Compose key to type those (I use my right Win key). ö is Compose-"-o, for example, and ß is Compose-s-s. (though it does take a little practice to work the Shift key in for the " step)
I've been waiting for your video.
I enjoyed watching it again this time!
I will wait for Seoul, too!
Oh, hi!
Yes, finally it's here. My home town! Been here since the first upload! Had some tears😂🥳🥳!!
I have learned new, too and had questions that are now answered well. Thank you soo much!! Well made and lots of praise from me and my fellow Berliners 🐻🙏
I’m not joking; when I saw he uploaded I screamed😂😂😅
Same
Fun fact: Even during the division by the wall there were two western subway lines running through East Berlin. As mentioned one of them stopped at station Friedrichsstrasse as border station. The checkpoint building was called "Tränenpalast" (tear palace).
Not to forget with those U-bahn stations East Berlin Patrols had to secure those locations too to prevent escape. They literally cemented one entrance and put barbed wire and fences at the other entrance. Imagine thise bizarre picture.
U6 and U8
I’m hoping that Berlin would see it’s railways back after the 1st and 2nd World Wars and of course the collapse of the Berlin Wall. And to have more extensions being added to other areas to the Northwest of Berlin.
hi
@@CoolTransport Hi (Or Hallo in German) :D
@@AndrewG1989 lol hi
@Andrew JG Berlin plans to Build a new s Bahn to Falkensee in the northwest
Give look at www.i2030.de/
These are the actual project in progress
As someone living in Berlin, I am extremely interested in when (and why) certain lines were extended or rerouted. Many things make more sense now. Thanks a lot for making this video!
Another big kudos from a Berliner ! It beautifully visualizes some of the quirks of having metro lines more or less in parallel to S-Bahn lines, which no one would have built that way, if it wasn't for the weird fact that Reichsbahn (another stange fact that the "anti-imperialists" in the East kept that name ) was still owning the tracks in the western part of the city even after the Wall was built.
Super Idee, die vielfältige Geschichte Berlins aus dieser Perspektive zu erzählen. 🤗🥰😍👏👍
Respect! You even included the maglev that only existed for a few months. Yeah, Berlin's story reflects the constant changes in the 20th century more than any other city.
I just got to know that my 'home line' U2 has existed since 1908. Quite an age!
This is so dope! Thank you for making this video! I used to live in Berlin and loved learning the U-Bahn and S-Bahn histories. I’d randomly go to stations just to see the architecture, as most of them were unique.
However, it would have been cool to have mentioned the “Geisterbahnhöfe” or “Ghoststations”👻. I know Potsdamer Platz was highlighted, but there were more that sat vacant during divided Germany. Frozen in time with the adverts of that day still posted about on the walls…eventually reopened once the wall fell.
I love this video! I’ve been asking for a Berlin since the New York video and I finally got my wish. And you did a fantastic job at that. Now I hope you will get to Chicago and I will be completely satisfied.
Yay! Thank you!
These videos only keep getting better and better.
Berlin has a wonderful rapid transit system. Also great that the tram system is expanded.
yeah because it completely died out in west berlin
@@daimhaus True. After WW2 trams were abolished in the Western sector. But it's my understanding that thr tram system might expand into the Western parts of Berlin since building new U-Bahn and S-Bahn lines are too expensive.
Stunted growth.
But as always, an amazing video. Not many foreigners get the distinction between the various railway operators and types of public transit right.
I knew Germany and Denmark in particular uses U and S bahns. When watching this video I finally understood what S bahn is. It's a diffrent way of saying what we others calls commuterrail. :)
@@swededude1992 Ah but it gets more complicated: In Germany there are also Regionalbahnen (RB) and Regionalexpresse (RE) which generally have a greater servicing area than S-Bahnen (often covering the whole state or part of one) but in practice are often very similar, again depending on the state.
So from bottom to top it sorta goes:
Tram < U-Bahn < S-Bahn
@@swededude1992 no, it's more of a mix, at least in Berlin and Hamburg. It goes at least every 10 minutes, and many lines are on the same track in the centre, so there is a train every 2-3 minutes. It's more like an overground metro, with many lines sharing the same track. In the centre it's like a metro, further outside it is more like a commuter train. That's why it is its own category
As a Berliner I have so much to tell about the more than 150 years of public transport. Before the establishment of the so called electrified S Bahn there was a huge network steam engine public transport lines. For example the Stadtbahn Route and the Ringbahn route were serviced by steam engines sind the 19th century. They built specifically steam engines for the local transport purpose. Those were light weight steam engines with high acceleration but small high speed.
Another thing I wanted to mention, I thing you forgot the S Bahn line to the Görlitzer Bahnhof. It was shut down after World War to after the planned detonation of the Görlitzer Bahnhof.
Awesome work 😍 can you do a part 2 in Berlin with the tram, and metro tram?
Das würde ne Stunde gehen haha
@@nonnadiona2659 safe 😂
Exactly, because Siemens, not being allowed to build the electrical underground, “accidentally” built the world’s first electrical tram line in Berlin Lichterfelde :-)
Part of what I see is from my lifetime in Berlin, some of my early memories have to do with closures and (re-)openings of train lines. This city shoulders a ton of history, and to visualize it this way must have been a daunting task. Well done! I chuckled when the 1920s were over, because expansion then largely stopped for decades, and today, about a century later we still have not reopened all the city once had. Also, noticed the jump after 2009? ^^
Awesome work! I came to Berlin by my own in the early 80s and moved to it 1987.
Have hat a lot of rememberings watching that video to that specific lines during those years (openings, using it or shutdowns)
Can you do Moscow next? Пожалуйста)
Согласен
@@Avoskya What Language is it??
@@radilfavaia6217 Russian) Русский.
@@radilfavaia6217 It's russian and it means "I agree".
@@radilfavaia6217 tatarian.
Great video!! Thank you for listening to our wishes! As a Berliner I can tell you, you did a great job! The history of this city‘s U-Bahn and S-Bahn is fascinating
Wow, I really liked the Ulrich Schnauss remix in the background. Completely fitted in!
Very very very good. Accurate in all details as far as I could see, and excellent choice of colours reflecting both consistencies and ever-changing idiosynchrasies in the official designs.
Been waiting for this video since your London episode, and I was not disappointed!
Finally! A new video about a thing i requested for! :D
Thank you so much for making up this history of development, probably the first and most complete
Interesting and informative video I bet that took a LOT of time to complete! Great effort. Well done!
wow.. I like Berlin! I want to visit there :))
im korean
You're very welcome to visit! :)
I`m from Berlin and I want to visit Korea some time xD. But realy when covid is over come here it is a great City even with all it bad sides.
You cna see both west and east architecture, it's quite fun
Berlin is disgusting, I can't recommend visiting
But im so afraid of the asian racists.. are there many of them in Germany?
Amazing video, and masterful use of the music.
I was waiting for this one, tysm!
Thank you so much for that Video! Great Job!
Do Vienna next please :)
Gread video, kinda wish it'd include trams as well, but I get that it'd probably be way too long and hard to make. Still, glad you added the M-bahn in :D
Great video! Never knew about some of those strikes and old lines.
What mapping software do you use?
Best video so far, purely because of the met need to consider historical events which were key factors to the development of the rapid transport system. Super impressive!
Very comprehensive. Thank you!
finally :D
i have been waiting for this
One of my favourite cities! I love the video!
Do Vancouver next man, it's really fun to see what started as a demo for new technologies at Expo 86
I loved it. Future expansions are about to come!
Great presentation, I have only one thing to point out. The extension in 1929 to Lichterfelde (shown at 2:50), was in fact a conversion to S-bahn standard type electrification. The line was electrified already in 1903 in a project that was intended as an experiment, but that was so successful it was kept in full operation throughout until 1929. It therefore could be argued that it should be included already then, although it wasn't nominally called S-bahn at the time. (A small matter I guess, but it deserves to be mentioned efter all.)
AMAZING! I've just suscribed to the channel. Thank you!
Might not be a "Metro/Subway"Underground" network, but may i suggest the Copenhagen S-train network? Adding the Metro on top of it, adds a little "subway" theme to it.
I can help you with the story, changes, line colors and such. I have a 360-page book that explains the story of the network.
This video includes the S-Bahn, which is pretty much the same kind of railway system like the S-tog, so I don't see why they Metroliner couldn't :)
In order to understand all the underlying changes especially the cutbacks you really have to get into history - probably more than in most other cities.
Amazing work my friend.
I was with the U.S. Army in Berlin in 1979-1980. I don't remember any S-Bahn strike. Allied solders were not allowed to ride the S-Bahn or the U-Bahn lines that went into East Berlin.
I can not decide either the trains are more developed by its time or dramatic to see the connection loss for a long time. Brilliant job!
p.s. i’ll be waiting for you to make a video about Istanbul’s metro :)
Yess congrats on 16k subs!
Cool! Do Moscow next plsss))
@Печенька Пельменьевна I'm metrocucumber sub too)
Hi
@Печенька Пельменьевна I'm Russian too :D
@Печенька Пельменьевна лол, кста ты где живёшь?) (Я имею ввиду город)?)
@Печенька Пельменьевна аа, ок, я в ПоДоЛьСкЕ (тоже М.О) )
Great video man keep them coming
Wahnsinnig schönes Video. Vor allem alles richtig. Respekt dafür. Liebe geht raus.
Geoff: 'and the original alignment is now an allotment.'
Amazing Video! Btw can you do Prague underground (Pražské metro) next please?
Fascinating! Thanks for that.
Splendid work! Can we expect upcoming videos for Seoul, Osaka or Taipei?
Great video! I'd love to see the Buenos Aires underground and commuter trains network.
Love this. Thank you for sharing. Which software was used?
good video dude, hope you upload soon madrid metro and cercanias :)
Berlin has also an extensive service of bus lines in the west and trams in the east.
so true, ich mag die Straßenbahnen aber mehr. I like the trams more than the buses.
Thank you for doing my suggestion
Would love to see Stockholm next
Jag har faktiskt åkt igenom hela Stockholms tunnelbana. Näst på tur är Oslos och Helsinkis tunnelbanor, då Helsinkis tunnelbana är så liten så tänkte jag även åka hela Helsinkis spårvagnsnät. Näst på tur i samband med Oslo och Helsinki blir det även att åka igenom hela Stockholms pendeltågsnät. :)
@@swededude1992 Hvorfor ikke også København :(
@@noxiteprova8878 Jag åkte igenom Københavns tunnelbana år 2016, precis när dens tilbyggnader hade börjat. Jag åkte dom "gamla" 2 linjerna. Har inte följt processen hur tillbygget gått, men gissar på att det är i slutfasen nu och redo att öppnas. :)
Jag rekommenderar UA-cam-kanalen "Stockholmshjärta" som handlar specifikt om tunnelbanan och lokaltågen i Stockholm.
Bellissimo! I’m waiting for Naples please! It should be easy (mmmm not enough) 😅
Great Video and great research!
Ein gutes Video... ausgezeichnet !!. Danke
What a fantastic video, thank you very much! What are your sources for all the data?
Great Video! I think, you just forgot the transfer of the S9 in the 90s to Pankow an back to the centre-east-west-line 2018. 😄
Wonderful as always
Great video video dude, maybe you should make Frankfort Germany next,
Nice video
11:30 you missed a small detail: when U55 was folded into U5, the station Französischer Straße in U6 was closed and replaced with the new interchange with U5 at Unter den Linden. For a city with so much history and transit disruption, it is surprising that there are only 3 former U-Bahn stations. Französischer Straße has the distinction of being closed twice.
Amazing! I had no idea that so much construction was done during the Weimar Republik. Other than in the arts, the WR is usually considered a failure.
Intresting map of the development of Berlin metro and suburban railway system its good to see many lines were restored after the reunification in 1990
Wonderful video. Best wishes from Berlin
Hey, nice Video! I have also a question, can you do in the next time Munich? 😅
1929 was crazy!
I really enjoyed this one!
Nice video! Would have loved it to see the S85 here though
Looking forward to Hong Kong, Guangzhou, Washington DC or Taipei!
P.s. You can even tell from today that how the separation of East and West Berlin impacts the transit rail development, as well as the lives of generations of Berliners and Germans.
Bahn waiting for this one!! Amazing
It was my birthday when you made this video
If you are wondering why comparatively little S-Bahn and U-Bahn was built in East-Berlin, that is because the government very heavily invested into tram lines instead which aren't shown in this animation.
The West-Berlin government instead closed all tram lines in the 60s, to open the streets for cars and built subways which wouldn't get in the way of cars.
You should do LA, California--even the tracks that were never opened--to really show just how much public transport was cancelled. Politicians just had to keep their pockets lined with gas money! And the only way to do that is to force people to drive :D!
Edit: Too busy ranting to say your videos are great, educational, and high quality! Excellent job.
Every city in the us apart from nyc has the same problems tho. Even tho california prolly got hit worse
9:44 M-Bahn opened in 1989 and closed in 1991 (demolished in 1992 I think) It was a kind of maglev monorail line for 3 stations and also the music really combined the video