Hypothalamic Pituitary Thyroid Axis (regulation, TRH, TSH, thyroid hormones T3 and T4)
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- Опубліковано 16 вер 2024
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"The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis plays the major role in regulating thyroid hormone homeostasis in the body. The thyroid hormone are very important in fetal development and metabolism in adults. Important structures are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland specifically the anterior pituitary gland and the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the base of the neck and wraps around the trachea just below the cricoid cartilage .
Here is a zoomed in structure of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT axis) is under the control of neurons located in the medial region of the PVN that synthesize and release thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into the pituitary portal circulation. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is a tripeptide, stimulates the release of thyrotropin (TSH) from the anterior pituitary, which in turn stimulates the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones.
Again thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH), which acts at the thyroid to stimulate all steps of TH biosynthesis and secretion. The THs thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) control the secretion of TRH and TSH by negative feedback to maintain physiological levels of the main hormones of the HPT axis.
Reduction of circulating TH levels due to primary thyroid failure results in increased TRH and TSH production, whereas if there is high TH the opposite occurs, there will be low T3 and T 4.
The functional unit of the thyroid gland are the follicles made up of follicular cells. The centre of the follicle is the colloid. The thyroid gland has a rich blood supply. Here are capillaries. Next to the follicles are the parafollicular cells also known as C cells which produce calcitonin another hormone, which does not really have an important role in humans."
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Hi Armando, I just wanted to let you know how important your videos and teachings were to me and my career as a critical care RN. I am immensely thankful to you for proving this incredible free material to all. I often go back to your videos and I am forever grateful!
I have a midterm later today, this was so clear and concise. Thank you so much, you didn’t have to make this video but you did and I am so thankful for that!
Thanks for taking the time to explain the biomechnics of the thyroid gland and the way thyroid hormones interact with the human body. Excellently explained! Thank you
As always very clear, informative and fun to watch! That is what makes you my favorite medical youtuber
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Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
Have a test tomorrow, this really helped. Thank you.
Thanks helped a lot most people don’t go into enough detail on these
Thank you Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam for curing me permanently from hypothyroidism
Really great drawing. Great presentation. Just an observation you have TRH as thyroid releasing hormone on the diagram it should read thyrotropin releasing hormone.
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First time i read about thyroid hormone pathway i was so damn confuse. Your explanation make it so easy to understand
I can't win, my doctor tells me I got an overactive pituitary gland a underactive thyroid but my T cells are ok.. is it me or does this make no sense??? They won't explain nothing to me.. and when I sure this l thought this is great now I can find out what's going on.. wrong i actually need a medical degree to understand it.. this is mind blowing.. I have total respect for anyone who is in or studying in a medical field because you guys are amazing.. apart from my doctor. Well there's always one.. and I still don't know exactly what's wrong with you.. JUST ONE THING YOU SHOULD REPLY TO THESE GUYS QUESTIONS.. THEY ARE MEDICAL STUDENTS.. HELP THEM.. GOOD LUCK GUYS..X
This may help those of us who know something is wrong and need to be educated to ask (not self diagnose ) the right questions in the very limited time we have with medical professionals.
My genuine appreciation ♤°•~.
Nice illustration
Clear and concise, top notch vids
Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
TYVM for this infomative content. You must have a following in the medical field will share this with my Daughter who is in the field.
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Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
Great video!!!!! Thank you very much for your help.
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very clear and brief, thank you.
Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
Have you made a video that discusses the interplay between liver health and gut health when it comes to thyroid function? Seems these two areas help with the conversion from T4 to T3. Also, I’m trying to understand whether I should take iodine or not. I was taking it, but my numbers are coming back, looking like Hashimoto’s, which they say taking iodine could destroy your thyroid. So I don’t really understand what I’m supposed to do. I’m actually getting a redraw because my numbers are way too high, as well as I’ve taken care of myself.
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Where do D1/D2 cells come into play? are they just the target cells
s'il vous plait est ce que le stress stimule ou inhibe la sécrétion des hormones thyroïdiennes ... et merci beaucoup pour votre vidéo
Awesome!
Tq so much ❤️❤️
Hi doctor
So, I have a extremely high thyroglobulin count does that mean I do not have enough thyroxin or to much? What if TSH says you are making to much hormone, but T3 and T4 are very low? My main issue is staying stable, and trying to figure out why.
Purdy Lake
hello sir ,was wondering,if i have questions from this lesson where can i ask them? also i do not expect complete answer,just give the sources which i can refer to ,that would be enough too.thanks
thanks❤❤
What is a Goiter? and is it a serious issue?
Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
I don't understand all the medical terms...does all these means that my condition makes me more dumb and useless? cuz I feel that way now 🙁
Hypothyroidism causes mental retardation
Thyroid hormones are required for neurotransmitter synthesis
Myelination of axons
Growth of cerebellar cortices basal ganglia
Retardation is irreversible
Doctor my T4 is 1.42 ng/dl
TSH is 16.400 ulU/ml
Is everything in normal what can I do ? Should I use euthyrox 25 forever ?
you are great
Thank you so much, so my question is does T3/T4 control both TRH and TSH simultaneously OR does T3/T4 reset TRH and then TRH resets TSH...? Thanks in advance for any reply :)
Lost my sense of smell to Covid 19 and I also have hypothyroidism Last year and since then I've been searching for cure until I came across Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam channel with herbs remedy am completely cured.
what do I do? I sweat alot for no reason in my below area and my thighs are bigger then what they use to be
What if you have a normal TSH and low T4? Could T3 be high?
why I feel nausea when my tsh goes up above 3??? is it sth wrong with my brain????
a explicação parece muito boa, mas não entendo nada de Eng :(
So we have tiny testicules in the brain?
So in a nutshell, The Hypothalamus senses that we are LOW on T3, T4 and, as all managers do- pass this message on to the next in charge- the pituitary. The title of the report is called, Thyroid Release (Hormone). They say you got that Pituitary? Pituitary says, uhhhhh no, but I know who to pass that one to. And it sends its own request to the Thyroid. Their report is titled Thyroid Stimulate (Hormone). The thyroid goes oh shoot, we are slacking and management found out. Start cranking out the T3 and T4!
Ergo LOW T3T4 means HIGH increase in reports sent, TRH and TSH :)
Thank you Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam for curing me permanently from hypothyroidism
Emphasis on the syllables just needs a little work.
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his accent doesn't bother my American ears, but he puts the emphasis on different syllables. took me a minute to understand when he said trachEa and caPILlary
Thank you Dr iyaremoses on UA-cam for curing me permanently from hypothyroidism
Aren't you British Artist but also a Scientist?
makes sense now.. there are balls in the brain
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Hey
i dont get it at all