I once saw a documentary about this man. The saddest thing that sometimes happened to him was that he saw himself in a mirror and that he wouldn't see himself, a young man, but an old man. When he realised he was the old man infront of the mirror he started crying. Fortunately he forgot about that after 15 minutes.
My Dad had Alzheimer's. I took him for rides at least twice a week. We would drive over the same beautiful bridge in one direction, turn around and drive over it from the opposite directions. Both times he would say, "Wow, this is the most beautiful bridge I've ever seen!" Rather than be depressed about his inability to remember he had just seen the bridge, I decided to call it, "The beauty of the first impression!" He was never bored seeing the same thing over-and-over again. It was always fresh and new to him.
Seriously now? Try to comprehend you; your self at 20 has the memory of your 20 year old face. now I want you to get up and walk to the bath room look in the mirror and what you see is a 80 year old man staring back at you in abject horror when your genuinely expected to see yourself as a 20 year old. Now think about it this, H.M died thinking he was young. thats why a mirror is terrifying.
3:57 *"EVEN THOUGH HE HAD NO MEMORY OF PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS, HIS UNCONCIOUS MOTORS CENTERS REMEMBERED WHAT THE CONCIOUS MIND HAD FORGOTTEN"* that was like a passage from a romantic novel.
Yeah.....it's like a fantasy romance novel. It's like when when the two lovers are connected from their past life. This is just my assumptions tho....it can be different from whatever you thought.
This is incredibly interesting, but I feel so heartbroken for HM. His memory of himself and his life was essentially removed, and he never got to remember most milestones in life, if he made any at all (other than age). I appreciate that there is sometimes seemingly only feasible one way to study something, but the studies of HM feel equally as a scientific breakthrough and a robbery of life. Then again, they did not know most of the crucial role the hippocampus played.
Exactly There was unparalleled research and development in Neuroscience thanks to him, but no matter how much people thank him, from his perspective he was alive but no memories, memory itself make us who we are as they propel our decisions He shall be remembered but only as a Test Subject ={
omg, this is amazing. I had 3 brain surgeries & my hippocampus was removed. I do live w/ memory problems daily as well as cognitive. However, I have to keep in mind that I have been SEIZURE FREE since 2011. Thank you for making this video. It's very hard to explain to people. This video makes it a little easier to help people understand. Thnx :)
Mara since you've had your amygdala removed do you still experience fear? do you worry a lot? because the amygdala is meant to be the part of the brain that is associated with fear and anxiety disorders like GAD, OCD and PTSD.
i feel sad for this man, but i'm glad he seemed to have a peaceful life despite the severe memory impairment. we learned so much from him, and we never have to let someone lead a life like that again (at least, not without the patient knowing what the surgery entails).
Wow, I'm so sorry that had to go through that, but I wish I could tell him thanks for helping the world learn so much. He deserves a lot of gratitude, as do the researchers.
RIP H.M. You may not have memories of your own but I and many others do and you will always occupy a spot in ours. Thank You for your continued approval to further scientific research, True Hero.
+Deathcap Rabadon (Deathcap9087) Well, he only forgot a certain amount of information. If he had a favorite movie say 10 years ago, he'd still remember.
Tobias Weckop Then he would already remember what happened in the movie, so its always like seeing it a second time( or third depends on how many times he's watched it before the surgery), so not as exciting as seeing a movie the first time.
Did they have the facility to replay movies? Just just turned on the tele to old movies because he seemed to enjoy them, but how could he remember the beginning of the movie by the time it got to the end? Always little mysteries inside bigger ones.
As a traumatic brain injury surviver with frontal lobe damage, among other types of damage to my brain, I relate to this topic. The accident I had, wiped away an enormous portion of my education, memories of long term friends, and make it increasingly difficult to form new memories. Muscle memory remain intact, whilst my life memories, are simply wiped away from life’s chalkboard, with a large eraser leaving nothing, but a blank space. So that’s fun. Luckily my ability to draw, paint and create were left unscathed.
I began having epileptic episodes in my hippocampus at age 41. The first signs were that I forgot where walmart was. I would forget I had encounters with people at work or dinner with friends; like they never happened. I lost all memories of dating my wife, my son's first birthday, etc. It didn't bother me at all. I didn't know what I forgot to remember :). It's been hard on my wife explaining things over and over. I've had to become a world class organizer to survive. Meds help but not completely. My seizures are simple partial meaning I can have one while continuing to do whatever I was doing. They feel like dejavu. I still have no ability to put names and faces together. People at work smile and ask detailed questions about my life, kids, wife, etc. and I have no idea who they are. Procedural things I can do just fine. Like the video shows, the best part is I get to watch Silence of the Lambs, Star Wars, and Breaking Bad over and over and not know the ending. Music is different. I remember most all the music I've heard. Just the band names are iffy. It's a very interesting predicament.
Hazel Chief-rabbit Pen and paper...symptoms are better now with better control of seizures. But running out of meds feels like falling down a rabbit hole, forgetting simple things that I know should be easy to remember. Very unpleasant.
+Kenneth Place Yeah, I could imagine. I mean, my mum has trouble remembering so she too has to put all her accounts and passwords on pen and paper, and she doesn't even suffer from epilepsy or anything of the sort. Well, I hope things get better for you though. :)
Sometimes I forget my password and let my fingers do the work. I just re-type my username and my fingers seem to recall the whole process of typing my login info. I do this fully conscious that if I stopped for a brief moment, I could remember the right password for that username, simply by trial and error. That's good but, honestly, that also happens because I'm losing my memory because of lack of sleep. And here I am, at 2am, typing this comment, instead of sleeping.
I recomend you change your password every 14 days, atkeast the most importants. Good excercise of mind and people in my field of work dont get to your personal data as easy.
I have hypoxia brain injury died 26minutes spent weeks months in coma rehab hospital learning talk walk again been a recovery massive discovery never ever give up on yourself keep going doing amazing things stay strong stay safe sending love from UK takecare xxx
there better way. there tv show Blindspot. There drugs that can remove your memories selectively. For example propranolol it removes memories of fear. It works as you remember something scary memory extracted, but drug blocks putting it back. But it only works for removing fear/anxiety component of memory. But there other drugs that may remove everything in similar way. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_erasure
Selective memory suppression is the idea that someone can consciously block an unwanted memory. There are many different therapeutic techniques or training that has been done to test this idea with some success. Many of these techniques focus on blocking the retrieval of a memory using different suppression techniques to slowly teach the brain to suppress the memory. Although some of these techniques have been useful for some people it has not been shown to be a clear cut solution to forgetting memories. Because these memories are not truly erased but merely suppressed the question of how permanent the solution is and what actually happens to the memories can be troubling for some. Selective memory suppression is also something that can occur without a person being consciously aware of suppressing the creation and retrieval of unwanted memories. When this occurs without the person knowing it is usually referred to as memory inhibition; the memory itself is called a repressed memory. Interruption of memory reconsolidation One of the ways scientists have attempted to erase these memories through suppression is by interrupting the reconsolidation of a memory. Memory consolidation of a memory is when a person recalls a memory, usually a fearful one, it becomes susceptible to alteration, and then gets stored again. This has led many researchers to believe that this time period is the best time for memories to be altered or erased. Studies have shown that through behavioral training results showed that they were able to erase memories by tampering with memories during the reconsolidation phase.
Imagine finding an amazing TV show that you love and getting to see it over and over with the same excitement because you never remembered watching it before. It would be like an endless supply of amazing episodes to a show you love. It isn't all bad -- there's a silver living here and there.
It is covered in memory topic in psychology 101 and the role of hippocampus is a common exam question. Severe chronic stress also affects this crucial area and thus has an impact on long term memory.
The story kinda made my head hurt. Not a kind of pain that you get when you're absorbing a lot of data...More so that sensation you get when you're watching a movie where someone get's their neck slit and you feel a strange sensation in your neck. Kind of like pain empathy. But in any case, it's a fascinating story about the human mind and how at one point the same ingredients that would one day become our skin decided "you know what? We're going to band together and remember stuff instead."
I've watched enough Ted-ed videos now to recognize the animation style of Anton Bogaty. Not that this is that impressive to anyone, it's just impressive to me because it shows that he has surely developed his own unique animation style. :)
Not sure but while watching a movie we have to constantly remember previous scenes in order to make connections. Maybe that's how he managed to sit through an entire movie and understand it. (I could be extremely wrong though)
Not sure but while watching a movie we have to constantly remember previous scenes in order to make connections. Maybe that's how he managed to sit through an entire movie and understand it. (I could be extremely wrong though)
+Tayloraurrekoetxea I have a friend who has severe trouble moving memories from short term to long term memory. A film is easy - as long as it holds your attention you can work with it all in your short term memory. For my friend, however, if he has to stop the movie to run an errand, he'll really need to restart it when he gets back home.
Why did Dr. Scoville choose to remove the hippocampus out of the many parts of the brain? The video explained he was doing a partial lobotomy, but it was usually done on the pre-frontal cortex to damage the connections of it. Can anyone explain it do me?
the patient had an epilepsy due to an accident which caused damage to the hippocampus. It's called "temporal lope epilepsy". He had to remove the hippocampus in order to " heal" the epilepsy. X Greetings from Germany
I wonder how he felt, just being used for research and could hardly remember anything... If I were him, I would almost constantly be writing my thoughts down on paper so I can still be happy
3:57 reminds me of super soldiers and such from fiction who have skills and abilities but don't ever recall learning them. Hmm... train someone to be an assassin, teach them a suboncious trigger mechanism to make them kill and then damage or alter the hippocampus to erase conscious memory of the training. I have an unsettling feeling that this has been done...
I am 55 years old and disabled, with severe ptsd. If any scientists are reading this, i would like to volunteer for this procedure and you guys can do whatever you want with my brain after i die. I'd give anything to be freed from the memories that torture me during every second of my life. I'm not joking.
This video reminded me of a great film “Memento“. When the guys wife died, he lost the ability to create new memories and only remembered new things for a short period of time. He was on a quest to find his wife's killer with such a condition. I'd tell more about it, but don't want to spoil it.
he sure had to cut through a lot of brain to even get to the hippocampus! . How do they know it wasn't a damaged portion of brain that caused some of these phenomenas?! But great video btw
@@adeline4610 depends of seizures. I live a normal life with epilepsy , a disease known for many seizures in a life time ( Lucky me , Since 14 to 20 years I had only 4 seizures ).A seizure can cause memory problems only if the seizure is linked with high fever or from head injury during the seizure. In rare cases you will met a person with memory problem happened from his seizure.
I have had epilepsy for 40 years and have struggled with a bad memory for much of my life. I had surgery a few years ago and have been seizure free since then but my short term memory is considerably worse since then. I would still say that the surgery is worthwhile as there are other risks to your health with uncontrolled seizures.
Poor HM , he had it tough, yet he contributed to save infinite people's to come after him And props to his parents who had to watch all of this happen to their son.
I would need more information on this. My memory is so weak as I have been abused since early childhood. I feel this need to do better in life and in professional career but fail mostly because I can not recall things easily and I feel my brain function is disturbed
I came here because I was frustrated studying our physics lesson even though those are the basic ones, I didn't expect my head will ache more bacause of this. Nice video!
H.M wasn’t a hero, but a sacrifice. It was a brave accident, nothing more. The only good thing that actually occured was the knowledge we gained off of his loss. He gave his live to science, and he is to pity for it, not to romanticize.
Having had a severe brain injury at 15 where my short term memory was all but useless; I can tell you how frustrating forgetting stuff is! I improved after I was given; Harry Loraynes; "The memory book".... just an FYI to those out there wishing to regain some ability to remember.
I feel bad Henry Molaison... As if it did more bad than good what the surgery did to him... Though if it wasn't for that result, we would still have no idea about memories and etc... 😔
I have consumed a lot of psychedelics and now I know at the age of 65 that my hippocampus was damaged prior to the consumption of the psychedelic compounds. This is just what I have surmised in retrospect as my memory continues to image prior events.
I don't see the point of people calling him a hero, as if he had a choise, if he would be able to remeber, the odds of him doing all this for science would be minimum. He was forced because he had no way of deciding. I say forced but don't look at it like that. Yes, his brain did a lot for us to get to know how it functions but no, he had no way of chosing to do all this so he cannot be called a hero.
I have slight damage to my temporal lobe (which contains the hippocampus) and one of the things this caused was memory loss. How I would describe it is like the memory isn’t there when I try to remember it. It only really happens when it’s something like going inside to get something or remembering what someone asked me to do. I know that I need to remember it and it’s like searching for it but it’s just out of reach until it’s gone. Usually, if I’m reminded again I’ll remember it.
We still operate and remove the hippocampus for treating temporal lobe epilepsy. We however do not operate and remove both hippocampi. One of the big lessons learnt from HM was not to ever remove both hippocampi!
so the doctor just perform a surgical test of removing his hippocampus!?! without any knowledge what might it done for the body?!? what if the hippocampus was responsible for motor movement that kid would have been worse then before (paralyzed for rest of his life) I mean even the doctor was surprised about his memory lose and not gaining new info but what if it was motor problem? man doctors look careless back then! (not sure about now though?)
I asked this very question to my health teacher (she'd studied medicine and such) and she couldn't really provide me with an answer cause she didn't know of any cases where the hippocampus had been removed, I'm so glad I found this video. I wonder what happened to his emotions, was he able to communicate them? I guess I'll need to investigate more :D
Another thing that blows my mind is wondering where your parents are. I have to imagine that if he died at 82 his parents were long gone. I think that must have been extremely difficult too.
I can relate, I had my hippocampus surgery to control epilepsy, I am still a successful computer programmer but I have to fight with one factor....remembering names and things which either I don't take seriously or which aren't repeated
I remember an interview with him where he declared he had given consent for continued research of his brain, but it was highly controversial if a man who had memory problems could properly give consent, plus they did not approach any close relative of H.M.
Cooks With Spoons I study psychology and 2 of my professors told us about this case a week ago. It was not ethical however the operation happened in early 50s. They didn't have regulations like we have nowadays (doctors performed lobotomies and tried conversion therapies, read about 'Little Albert' aka a few scientists made a few months old child fear fluffy things etc.) Actually it was even worse than it seems because the guy who performed this operation had thought that hippocampus MIGHT be the area in HM's brain that may cause his condition. Dude had only suspicions he had no idea what would have actually happened if he removed it.
I had a surgery on my hippocampus removing a tumor causing uncontrollable seizures, they took out my hippocampus on my left side, as well as my amygdala. I can only thank H.M. and his contribution to neuroscience!!!!
I once saw a documentary about this man. The saddest thing that sometimes happened to him was that he saw himself in a mirror and that he wouldn't see himself, a young man, but an old man. When he realised he was the old man infront of the mirror he started crying. Fortunately he forgot about that after 15 minutes.
Name of the documentary plz
@@rupalkale6528 i saw that Documentary in discovery science channel
Awwwwww
Ohnoooo
@XYXYZ at least he would forget it, as if it never happend.
My Dad had Alzheimer's. I took him for rides at least twice a week. We would drive over the same beautiful bridge in one direction, turn around and drive over it from the opposite directions. Both times he would say, "Wow, this is the most beautiful bridge I've ever seen!" Rather than be depressed about his inability to remember he had just seen the bridge, I decided to call it, "The beauty of the first impression!" He was never bored seeing the same thing over-and-over again. It was always fresh and new to him.
Really love that story. Love that outlook
@@krish33319 assuming that he said that his father “had Alzheimer’s” he probably passed away
❤
@@sergiuss312 f
I wish I could just choose to forget certain things
Not forget everything, but forget SOME things
Thank you H.M you are truly and literally a forgotten hero.
We neuropsychologists know him very well
*a forgetting hero
XD Lol
He's not forgotten?! Quite the contrary; everybody studying psychology or neurology knows his name.
A forgotten forgetting hero
His memory died while memory of him lived on
Bonkers lol
susan jarman That’s... very ironic.
Deep...
That's poetic.
Uhhhhhhhhhhhhh I dont get it.......
Wow HM lived such a long life without the ability to form memories, I couldn't even imagine how his life would be.
I imagine it'd be quite dreadful to look into a mirror. Shaving must have been the single scariest event in his day to day life.
TrindyForce Why would shaving be a scary event for him??
Pirosbor the mirror obviously.
pokee9 um....sorry.....what's scary about a mirror??
Seriously now?
Try to comprehend you; your self at 20 has the memory of your 20 year old face. now I want you to get up and walk to the bath room look in the mirror and what you see is a 80 year old man staring back at you in abject horror when your genuinely expected to see yourself as a 20 year old. Now think about it this, H.M died thinking he was young.
thats why a mirror is terrifying.
3:57 *"EVEN THOUGH HE HAD NO MEMORY OF PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS, HIS UNCONCIOUS MOTORS CENTERS REMEMBERED WHAT THE CONCIOUS MIND HAD FORGOTTEN"* that was like a passage from a romantic novel.
from a romantic novel? you must read strange romance books LOLL
You should totally write a romance novel about HM. :)
Yeah.....it's like a fantasy romance novel. It's like when when the two lovers are connected from their past life. This is just my assumptions tho....it can be different from whatever you thought.
A romantic novel?? Didn't know the history of neuroscience is now considered romantic
@@hiiloveu1521 they said the passage, idk what you get from the comment
He died not knowing what he did for humanity. That's pretty sad :(
He is and will always be a hero :) that is nice
That's sad
Hans Bauer But he soon forgot.
:-(
@Hans Bauer i like how you fight for positivity😻
Rest in peace H.M. you did more for mankind than I could ever give.
This actually makes me feel sad. What if he had loved someone before the surgery? :(
haileyxin he would remember that person. He just can’t form new memories
Ziran yeah but he means forget not form
there was a movie based on this idea in india where he forgets his girlfriend too...... the movie name is ghajini
Unlucky
There is another peculiar case which might interest you ua-cam.com/video/Vwigmktix2Y/v-deo.html
This is incredibly interesting, but I feel so heartbroken for HM. His memory of himself and his life was essentially removed, and he never got to remember most milestones in life, if he made any at all (other than age). I appreciate that there is sometimes seemingly only feasible one way to study something, but the studies of HM feel equally as a scientific breakthrough and a robbery of life. Then again, they did not know most of the crucial role the hippocampus played.
Exactly
There was unparalleled research and development in Neuroscience thanks to him, but no matter how much people thank him, from his perspective he was alive but no memories, memory itself make us who we are as they propel our decisions
He shall be remembered but only as a Test Subject ={
aww I feel bad for him. it's like the meaning of his life was only there to be used
+Prin Nana But his case has helped further neuroscience more than most, if not all, other cases. In a way, it's an honor.
+Prin Nana he also won't remember it... at all.
+Jennifer Tung You wouldn't remember anything either if you were dead. ;)
+Prin Nana Well at least he was useful, unlike everyone else.
+Prin Nana
like all of us, tools of others for ourlves
"They said dont think about past or future, live in the present"- H.M, 1969.
omg, this is amazing. I had 3 brain surgeries & my hippocampus was removed. I do live w/ memory problems daily as well as cognitive. However, I have to keep in mind that I have been SEIZURE FREE since 2011. Thank you for making this video. It's very hard to explain to people. This video makes it a little easier to help people understand. Thnx :)
+Mara LG
Do you remember writing this comment?
Mara LynneG.
Sarcastic/Joking around.
was your hippocampus only partially removed?
My amygdala & hippocampus on the right side, yes. There is a tinyyyy bit of the hippocampus left
Mara since you've had your amygdala removed do you still experience fear? do you worry a lot? because the amygdala is meant to be the part of the brain that is associated with fear and anxiety disorders like GAD, OCD and PTSD.
He taught us how memories are made by not being able to make his own.
That's sad. I really feel bad for the people that lose their memories :|
Yes, but he helped thousands more people NOT lose their memories. .
Yes i didnt "forget" that fact :D
~respect
I have alzheimer's but i forget to give a f*ck about it ! xD
ShaolinMonkster liar u dont have anything if u did u wouldn't be able to do all ur dance moves! lol
do you remember writing this comment ;-;
i feel sad for this man, but i'm glad he seemed to have a peaceful life despite the severe memory impairment. we learned so much from him, and we never have to let someone lead a life like that again (at least, not without the patient knowing what the surgery entails).
Wow, I'm so sorry that had to go through that, but I wish I could tell him thanks for helping the world learn so much. He deserves a lot of gratitude, as do the researchers.
He probably wouldn't remember it.
RIP H.M.
You may not have memories of your own but I and many others do and you will always occupy a spot in ours.
Thank You for your continued approval to further scientific research, True Hero.
So, he could watch his favourite movie all over again, play his favourite game all over again (without "forgetting" how to play it).
+Álvaro Lopes but if he couldn't form long term memories there would be no favorite movie or game.
+Deathcap Rabadon (Deathcap9087) Well, he only forgot a certain amount of information. If he had a favorite movie say 10 years ago, he'd still remember.
Tobias Weckop Then he would already remember what happened in the movie, so its always like seeing it a second time( or third depends on how many times he's watched it before the surgery), so not as exciting as seeing a movie the first time.
Did they have the facility to replay movies? Just just turned on the tele to old movies because he seemed to enjoy them, but how could he remember the beginning of the movie by the time it got to the end? Always little mysteries inside bigger ones.
+Álvaro Lopes Dude they didn't have video games that long ago..Maybe while he was older...
Thank you Henry Molaison, you may not realized but you really have a big impact for medical world
This is really interesting, but geez, poor guy:/
first comment inspite having 1k likes
@@sathvikv.r5974 lol haven't been around here for 6 years, hadn't noticed
@@AlyssaTaylor9 Big up for replying after 6 years 🤯😁
@@AlyssaTaylor9 six long years! how's life to you now?
@@blupatches3030 Pretty good thanks! I'm working on my master's degree and am engaged. Life's okay!
As a traumatic brain injury surviver with frontal lobe damage, among other types of damage to my brain, I relate to this topic.
The accident I had, wiped away an enormous portion of my education, memories of long term friends, and make it increasingly difficult to form new memories.
Muscle memory remain intact, whilst my life memories, are simply wiped away from life’s chalkboard, with a large eraser leaving nothing, but a blank space.
So that’s fun.
Luckily my ability to draw, paint and create were left unscathed.
At the very least you can write and y'know put notes to help remember
I feel so sorry for you I hope your better now 😔💗
I began having epileptic episodes in my hippocampus at age 41. The first signs were that I forgot where walmart was. I would forget I had encounters with people at work or dinner with friends; like they never happened. I lost all memories of dating my wife, my son's first birthday, etc. It didn't bother me at all. I didn't know what I forgot to remember :). It's been hard on my wife explaining things over and over. I've had to become a world class organizer to survive. Meds help but not completely. My seizures are simple partial meaning I can have one while continuing to do whatever I was doing. They feel like dejavu. I still have no ability to put names and faces together. People at work smile and ask detailed questions about my life, kids, wife, etc. and I have no idea who they are. Procedural things I can do just fine. Like the video shows, the best part is I get to watch Silence of the Lambs, Star Wars, and Breaking Bad over and over and not know the ending. Music is different. I remember most all the music I've heard. Just the band names are iffy. It's a very interesting predicament.
I know this is kinda late but how did you manage to access your UA-cam account? Or perhaps you had your password written down somewhere...?
Hazel Chief-rabbit Pen and paper...symptoms are better now with better control of seizures. But running out of meds feels like falling down a rabbit hole, forgetting simple things that I know should be easy to remember. Very unpleasant.
+Kenneth Place Yeah, I could imagine. I mean, my mum has trouble remembering so she too has to put all her accounts and passwords on pen and paper, and she doesn't even suffer from epilepsy or anything of the sort. Well, I hope things get better for you though. :)
Kenneth Pace do you remember writing this comment?!
Kenneth Pace Well at least for you each game in the new super Mario bros series ACTUALLY FEELS NEW
“But this wasn’t a seen from a horror film, or a gruesome police report,” idk man, those doctors look pretty sinister to me
Sometimes I forget my password and let my fingers do the work. I just re-type my username and my fingers seem to recall the whole process of typing my login info. I do this fully conscious that if I stopped for a brief moment, I could remember the right password for that username, simply by trial and error.
That's good but, honestly, that also happens because I'm losing my memory because of lack of sleep. And here I am, at 2am, typing this comment, instead of sleeping.
I do the same with my school locker
I recomend you change your password every 14 days, atkeast the most importants. Good excercise of mind and people in my field of work dont get to your personal data as easy.
sleep sleeo ^_^
So you rely on muscle memory?
Smart, I do that too.
*EVEN I DON'T REMEMBER MY PASSWORD*
I do this when I cant remember a pe I'd on the piano.
I have hypoxia brain injury died 26minutes spent weeks months in coma rehab hospital learning talk walk again been a recovery massive discovery never ever give up on yourself keep going doing amazing things stay strong stay safe sending love from UK takecare xxx
I feel sad for that guy
Your picture fucks with my hippocampus...
Why thank you,
But that doesn't make me feel less sad for that guy
Jyothir Adithya Same here. I was kidding. I can't imagine living life like that. I'm not a completely heartless bastard.
I don't know why but this story is so inspiring and made me cry. God bless H.M. and all the scientists that made a huge contribution.
That's one way to forget about your ex
+Jew Macintosh error 404 ex not found
Oops, the previous memories including your exs will stay there, you just cannot make the new ones
there better way. there tv show Blindspot. There drugs that can remove your memories selectively. For example propranolol it removes memories of fear. It works as you remember something scary memory extracted, but drug blocks putting it back. But it only works for removing fear/anxiety component of memory. But there other drugs that may remove everything in similar way.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_erasure
Selective memory suppression is the idea that someone can consciously block an unwanted memory.
There are many different therapeutic techniques or training that has been done to test this idea with some success. Many of these techniques focus on blocking the retrieval of a memory using different suppression techniques to slowly teach the brain to suppress the memory. Although some of these techniques have been useful for some people it has not been shown to be a clear cut solution to forgetting memories. Because these memories are not truly erased but merely suppressed the question of how permanent the solution is and what actually happens to the memories can be troubling for some.
Selective memory suppression is also something that can occur without a person being consciously aware of suppressing the creation and retrieval of unwanted memories. When this occurs without the person knowing it is usually referred to as memory inhibition; the memory itself is called a repressed memory.
Interruption of memory reconsolidation
One of the ways scientists have attempted to erase these memories through suppression is by interrupting the reconsolidation of a memory. Memory consolidation of a memory is when a person recalls a memory, usually a fearful one, it becomes susceptible to alteration, and then gets stored again. This has led many researchers to believe that this time period is the best time for memories to be altered or erased. Studies have shown that through behavioral training results showed that they were able to erase memories by tampering with memories during the reconsolidation phase.
But your ex would still be in your long term memory.......
What a tragic life. Imagine waking up tomorrow morning being 80 when just yesterday you were a young man. For him, it went on for years
Thank you, Henry. Your contributions are timeless.
Imagine finding an amazing TV show that you love and getting to see it over and over with the same excitement because you never remembered watching it before. It would be like an endless supply of amazing episodes to a show you love.
It isn't all bad -- there's a silver living here and there.
4:45 'Upon his death his brain was preserved and scanned before being cut into over 2000 individual slices" - but yet we saw chunks. Way to go Ted-Ed.
Memory is essentially what makes us humans and how we function. Poor guy. Respect to the life and contribution of Henry Molaison.
replace it with a hippouniversity
lmao
lolll stop ittt,, 😂
Tomake credit card xvideos link or is plotting
XD
Damn! I can never unsee this comment!
A hero for mankind who contributed more than any of us could ever fathom. Thank you Mr. Molaison. You are a true hero. We will never forget you.
I wish I learned about him in my introductory psychology class.
You almost certainly did, you just forgot! lol
april487 lol
some of us we are learning about him in psychology
ARE U A PSYCHOO LOGIST?
It is covered in memory topic in psychology 101 and the role of hippocampus is a common exam question. Severe chronic stress also affects this crucial area and thus has an impact on long term memory.
That gave me goosebumps. He's helped us a lot. Thank you HM. We will ALWAYS REMBER YOU
The story kinda made my head hurt.
Not a kind of pain that you get when you're absorbing a lot of data...More so that sensation you get when you're watching a movie where someone get's their neck slit and you feel a strange sensation in your neck. Kind of like pain empathy.
But in any case, it's a fascinating story about the human mind and how at one point the same ingredients that would one day become our skin decided "you know what? We're going to band together and remember stuff instead."
I feel sorry for him. He meet ‘stranger’ everyday and not able to remember anyone after his childhood memory. So devastating...
ahhh that must be why people should study daily to remember something
Yep. It's just transferring your short-term memory of the thing you're studying into long-term memory.
I've watched enough Ted-ed videos now to recognize the animation style of Anton Bogaty. Not that this is that impressive to anyone, it's just impressive to me because it shows that he has surely developed his own unique animation style. :)
This is a perfect course on neurology, memory and irony.
Thank you H. M. You might forget whatever you did in your life but we won't forget what you did for us and we respect that.
How can he follow a 90 minute movie then?
good question. maybe he only partially followed. I don't know.
Not sure but while watching a movie we have to constantly remember previous scenes in order to make connections. Maybe that's how he managed to sit through an entire movie and understand it. (I could be extremely wrong though)
Not sure but while watching a movie we have to constantly remember previous scenes in order to make connections. Maybe that's how he managed to sit through an entire movie and understand it. (I could be extremely wrong though)
+Tayloraurrekoetxea I have a friend who has severe trouble moving memories from short term to long term memory. A film is easy - as long as it holds your attention you can work with it all in your short term memory. For my friend, however, if he has to stop the movie to run an errand, he'll really need to restart it when he gets back home.
+ady gombos You forgot you posted it the first time? ;)
So... did Dory lost her hippocampus?
THIS
Most likely not, she probably just damaged it in some way. (Or was born with a birth defect that made it not function)
i-
🤯
Why did Dr. Scoville choose to remove the hippocampus out of the many parts of the brain? The video explained he was doing a partial lobotomy, but it was usually done on the pre-frontal cortex to damage the connections of it. Can anyone explain it do me?
the patient had an epilepsy due to an accident which caused damage to the hippocampus. It's called "temporal lope epilepsy".
He had to remove the hippocampus in order to " heal" the epilepsy.
X Greetings from Germany
This is heartbreaking and fascinating at the same time.
additionally, Scoville was sued for malpractice in 1965
Was he ?
Really?
No wonder
I wonder how he felt, just being used for research and could hardly remember anything... If I were him, I would almost constantly be writing my thoughts down on paper so I can still be happy
3:57 reminds me of super soldiers and such from fiction who have skills and abilities but don't ever recall learning them. Hmm... train someone to be an assassin, teach them a suboncious trigger mechanism to make them kill and then damage or alter the hippocampus to erase conscious memory of the training.
I have an unsettling feeling that this has been done...
I am 55 years old and disabled, with severe ptsd. If any scientists are reading this, i would like to volunteer for this procedure and you guys can do whatever you want with my brain after i die. I'd give anything to be freed from the memories that torture me during every second of my life. I'm not joking.
Great job Ted Ed. Amazing info and animations. Keep up the good work
This video reminded me of a great film “Memento“. When the guys wife died, he lost the ability to create new memories and only remembered new things for a short period of time. He was on a quest to find his wife's killer with such a condition. I'd tell more about it, but don't want to spoil it.
Too sad, i dont even know this until youtube recommended me this. youtube algorithm wants me to remember him.
It's 2021 and I decided I will remember H.M as a hero always
he sure had to cut through a lot of brain to even get to the hippocampus! . How do they know it wasn't a damaged portion of brain that caused some of these phenomenas?! But great video btw
that's why it's there
Exactly, my girlfriend had both the left and right hippocampus removed and she has no memory loss. well at least no more than normal.
lol
nah boi
+Michael You don't lose memories you already have by removing/destroying the Hippocampus. It's the formation of new memories that gets impaired.
May the Science be with You but Henry has retrograde as well as anterograde amnesia and his hippocampus was removed.
Ted ed knows how to say what to say and just the perfect way to entertain and educate.
This is up there for one of the saddest videos I've watched on ted-ed.
His memory will be remembered forever👈😇🙏 R.I.P.🎁🤲
Poor champ. I wonder if he would rather have his memories and deal with his seizures if he had the choice.
TriiiKill probably not, since seizures cause memory problems anyway.
@@adeline4610 depends of seizures. I live a normal life with epilepsy , a disease known for many seizures in a life time ( Lucky me , Since 14 to 20 years I had only 4 seizures ).A seizure can cause memory problems only if the seizure is linked with high fever or from head injury during the seizure. In rare cases you will met a person with memory problem happened from his seizure.
I have had epilepsy for 40 years and have struggled with a bad memory for much of my life. I had surgery a few years ago and have been seizure free since then but my short term memory is considerably worse since then. I would still say that the surgery is worthwhile as there are other risks to your health with uncontrolled seizures.
Poor HM , he had it tough, yet he contributed to save infinite people's to come after him
And props to his parents who had to watch all of this happen to their son.
I would need more information on this. My memory is so weak as I have been abused since early childhood. I feel this need to do better in life and in professional career but fail mostly because I can not recall things easily and I feel my brain function is disturbed
I came here because I was frustrated studying our physics lesson even though those are the basic ones, I didn't expect my head will ache more bacause of this. Nice video!
H.M wasn’t a hero, but a sacrifice. It was a brave accident, nothing more. The only good thing that actually occured was the knowledge we gained off of his loss. He gave his live to science, and he is to pity for it, not to romanticize.
The procedures that the researchers conducted were amazing. Of course with amazing relevant results.
Read more about him in The Power of Habit. A fantastic book!
The man that died forgetting everything but in turn left himself never forgotten by no one
It’s tragic he wouldn’t probably even remember what he did for humanity !
*THANK YOU*
Having had a severe brain injury at 15 where my short term memory was all but useless; I can tell you how frustrating forgetting stuff is! I improved after I was given; Harry Loraynes; "The memory book".... just an FYI to those out there wishing to regain some ability to remember.
I feel bad Henry Molaison... As if it did more bad than good what the surgery did to him... Though if it wasn't for that result, we would still have no idea about memories and etc... 😔
That would be peaceful, he was probably the most forgiving person on the planet.
I'm curious about the effects of psychedelic drugs on a mind without a hippocampus. I probably shouldn't be, but I am.
Interesting thought you have there buddy
I have consumed a lot of psychedelics and now I know at the age of 65 that my hippocampus was damaged prior to the consumption of the psychedelic compounds. This is just what I have surmised in retrospect as my memory continues to image prior events.
On the bright side.... He can watch his favourite movie forever and enjoying it over and over.
I don't see the point of people calling him a hero, as if he had a choise, if he would be able to remeber, the odds of him doing all this for science would be minimum. He was forced because he had no way of deciding. I say forced but don't look at it like that. Yes, his brain did a lot for us to get to know how it functions but no, he had no way of chosing to do all this so he cannot be called a hero.
I have slight damage to my temporal lobe (which contains the hippocampus) and one of the things this caused was memory loss. How I would describe it is like the memory isn’t there when I try to remember it. It only really happens when it’s something like going inside to get something or remembering what someone asked me to do. I know that I need to remember it and it’s like searching for it but it’s just out of reach until it’s gone. Usually, if I’m reminded again I’ll remember it.
"50 First Dates" anyone?? :D
Yea, remember Tom?
We still operate and remove the hippocampus for treating temporal lobe epilepsy. We however do not operate and remove both hippocampi. One of the big lessons learnt from HM was not to ever remove both hippocampi!
Imagine playing a "new" game you never played before and you're op as f*.
One of the best Ted-Educational videos Ive ever watched
Where can I have this surgery?
the last line made me cry
so the doctor just perform a surgical test of removing his hippocampus!?! without any knowledge what might it done for the body?!? what if the hippocampus was responsible for motor movement that kid would have been worse then before (paralyzed for rest of his life) I mean even the doctor was surprised about his memory lose and not gaining new info but what if it was motor problem?
man doctors look careless back then! (not sure about now though?)
justsomeawesome dude It was for the sake of science!
mlg360 ProShooter still no good reason for a person XD
Aside from good memories he never had bad memories either. He didn’t need to struggle forgetting people things etc.
Remember Sammy Jankis.
I didn't realise this was an actual thing...
I asked this very question to my health teacher (she'd studied medicine and such) and she couldn't really provide me with an answer cause she didn't know of any cases where the hippocampus had been removed, I'm so glad I found this video. I wonder what happened to his emotions, was he able to communicate them? I guess I'll need to investigate more :D
Dr. Strange... you've met your match.
Even with hippocampus, I forgot where I put my socks next morning
His RAM got degraded
No, his RAM worked fine. His HDD/SSD died.
No, both his HDD/SSD and RAM worked fine. His cable(connection) between RAM and HDD/SSD died.
His HDD has bad sectors
4:00 couldn't you find some way to switch it ?
wait... does his seizure related to hippocampus?
yes
It’s sad that H.M. was never able to form new memories, but at least he could be still be happy.
I thing he was a happy man.Especialy if have bad memories of previousle life...!!!
Another thing that blows my mind is wondering where your parents are. I have to imagine that if he died at 82 his parents were long gone. I think that must have been extremely difficult too.
That was sad
I can relate, I had my hippocampus surgery to control epilepsy, I am still a successful computer programmer but I have to fight with one factor....remembering names and things which either I don't take seriously or which aren't repeated
Was that ethical to cut an area out of someone's brain without knowing what would happen?
I remember an interview with him where he declared he had given consent for continued research of his brain, but it was highly controversial if a man who had memory problems could properly give consent, plus they did not approach any close relative of H.M.
Cooks With Spoons I study psychology and 2 of my professors told us about this case a week ago. It was not ethical however the operation happened in early 50s. They didn't have regulations like we have nowadays (doctors performed lobotomies and tried conversion therapies, read about 'Little Albert' aka a few scientists made a few months old child fear fluffy things etc.)
Actually it was even worse than it seems because the guy who performed this operation had thought that hippocampus MIGHT be the area in HM's brain that may cause his condition. Dude had only suspicions he had no idea what would have actually happened if he removed it.
100 years from now, people will look back horrified at what we call medicine today.
I had a surgery on my hippocampus removing a tumor causing uncontrollable seizures, they took out my hippocampus on my left side, as well as my amygdala. I can only thank H.M. and his contribution to neuroscience!!!!
Cooks With Spoons the doctor usually reveals the risks so as long as he agrees it’s ethical I guess
I feel so bad for him, imagine always suddenly being there not knowing what happened and not knowing you existed before your memories
So removing part of someone's brain affects their memory. Wow! Who'd have thought!?
The specific part of the brain the hippocampus was unknown to hold memories beforehand tho
Lovely lesson. Thank you Sam Kean and team!