The Free City of Danzig (1920 - 1939)
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- Опубліковано 21 вер 2024
- The Free City of Danzig (Freie Stadt Danzig, Wolne Miasto Gdańsk) existed between 1920 and 1939 and was a semi-autonomous city-state that was created by the Treaty of Versailles after the First World War was over. Officially it did remain under the authority of the League of Nations. The constitution had many similarities with the one of the Weimar Repiblic. The Danziger parliament, named the Volkstag, did issue its own passports and its citizens were referred to as Danzigers. There was the Danzig Police Force, named the Schutzpolizei. The Nazis gained control in 1933 and abolished the democracy. In June 1939 the SS Heimwehr Danzig was established. They would help the German army with the invasion of Danzig in September 1939 when the Second World War broke out. Danzig would be fully incorporated into the Reich and became the capital of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia.
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Recorded in Gdańsk, Poland in July 2020.
IMAGES
Images from commons.wikimedia.org and my own.
VIDEO
Video material from Danzig 1930s
• Danzig 1930s
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MUSIC
"Heroic Age" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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"Mesmerize" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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"Devastation and Revenge" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
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SOUNDS
Freesound.org.
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Learn more about Polish history:
ua-cam.com/video/vBldCyj1VUA/v-deo.html
Unfortunate I'm from Alabama, U.S.A. I've never visited outside the 4 surrounding states of Alabama. I've found this information interestingly educational though & thanks 4 sharing be blessed.
@@traqueliacooper5132 Sorry for the late reply. Thanks for watching!
you missed something, the city was reconstructed in a Flemish (low countries) style, that is why the townhouses resemble those found in Ghent or Bruges and to a lesser extent Amsterdam and Antwerp. much of it's architecture had after all been built and designed by Flemish architects and artists
by 1939 however most of those residential buildings had been replaced or renovated in a more North German tradition, the Poles inherrited it as a ruine and had the German population expelled to east germany as well, but due to the soviets claiming much of eastern poland as part of the USSR and specifically the russian republic many poles were expelled to poland, many of these were then settled in now depopulated former German majority area's including the ruins of Gdansk, the Poles eventually decided (despite many vocal oponents) to rebuild it but in light of then recent history would not do so in a German style, instead opting for a return to the narrow tall low countries style houses based on old maps, paintings and plans, (and I assume Dutch and Flemish blueprints as well)
the city looks, feels and in fact sounds (low countries carillon bells were there) as if you are walking trough a city like Bruges Ghent or parts of Amsterdam or Antwerp but with some destinct Polish (central european) twists.
Thank you for this! My mother and nearly half her brothers & sisters were born in the Freie Stadt. Her father was a German Junkers and her mother a Yiddish & Kaschubian speaking Jewess. My Jewish family there were deported to Theresienstadt (and most from there on to Auschwitz). My German/Kaschubian family were expelled by 1946 (some 30 died aboard the Wilhelm Gustloff when it sank it 1944). The Polish family that owns the home our family lived in has helped us get some furniture - and twice when doing renovations they've found caches of photos! It's always amazing seeing photos of people I HEARD of but of whom no photos had been thought still existing. During the Communist era, my grandmother would send them food parcels twice a year (all that was allowed). Sorry, I'm blithering. Again, thank you!
Thanks for sharing this.
Did your ancestors talk about how the Poles massacred 10s of 1000s of German civilians?
Lol@@redwater4778
@@redwater4778 No, they didn't. It was the Soviet Army that committed reprisals for the slaughter of millions of Russians, Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Kashubians etc. by the German Nazis.
My grandmother was born there in the 20s, she was expelled from there at the end of the war. She spoke quite fondly of the city.
Interesting. Thanks for sharing this.
My grandmother, b1927, grew up there also.
So it was basically like how Hong Kong is to China.
No, if you see Poles as Brits. Gdańsk was established by Slavs/Poles in the end on X c. and it's history was Polish / under Polish rule for some 750 years out of 1000
Thanks for answering this, Marcin!
Kinda, but nationalist Poles will deny any wrongdoing
Since 10-11th cent in was place of commerce, as Vistula river was the easiest road to transport goods from mainland Poland, called Gydansk by native slavic Kaszubians, and ruled by Slavic dukes of Pomerania often bound by treaties with Danish rulers. By 11th cent it was one the most important ports on the Baltic with special status given by Polish kings and Pomeralian dukes. Later Gduńsk, or Gedania in Latin, became part of Hanza in one of the most important trade coalitions in Northern Europe and large numbers of traders settled, many from Europe's Low Land countries. Also the native Baltic Prussians lived in Gydansk vicinity and every mission by the church to convert them to Christianity ended with fiasco, so in 12th hundreds Mazovian Konrad invited Teutonic Knights (the Crusades in Holly Land were over, and they got kicked out of Hungary for instigating against Hungarian King) in order to fight pagan Prussians, which would seasonally plunder northern borders of Mazovia. As the Northern Crusades began, Teutonic Knights grew stronger and conquered the Prussian lands around Vistula. During the war between Brandenburgs and Polish rulers after the Pomeralian dynasty seized to exist, area around Gdańsk got in Brandenburg hands and Polish rulers ask Teutons for help in regaining the Pomeralian territory and City as an ally. However, they decided to take a valuable land for themselves, overtaking the city and killing it's inhabitants and defenders.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teutonic_takeover_of_Danzig_(Gda%C5%84sk). This is the beginning of colonization by Germanic rulers. Later after Partition of Poland in 1772, it was again colonized as the Dutch left and more Germans settled. However, within 15-17th century the majority of not Slavic population living in the city itself were not Germans, but ... DUTCH. Yes, Fahrenheit was born in Gdańsk, most likely a descendant of Dutch who settled during the war between Protestant Dutch and Catholic Habsburgs. So Gdańsk existed as free city with special rights and mixed population for at least seven centuries before League of Nations gave it special rights in 1920s, other than Poles, Germans, Dutch, there were also Scott's, Jews and others. My father's great grandfather was Danzinger, but before or around WW1 he left Gdańsk, married Polish woman and became a farmer. It is quite possible that even his ancestors came to Gdańsk as traders or colonist, because his family name is typical of Prussia or Low Land Germany. Also during times Imperial Germany and Bismarck reforms to unite Germany with Prussia, German Government gave special incentives to settlers from Germany to move into less developed territories.
Gdańsk history is more complicated than one would like to see it, and despite it's large German population before WW2, it's hard to called 'German' Free City.
Yep
No offence, but starting the history of Danzig after the second partition doesn't give the full background. It was established in X century by Slavs and was Slavic until the German (Teutonic Order) conquest in XIV century, later it was reincorporated into Poland again in XV century and that's the cause for the Polish-German conflict
History starts with the first people writing things. Again, on-location videos are more consise. Thanks for the additional info, Kev.
@Overton Shift according to modern molecular genetics Slavs did not move "west". If that would be the case then there would exist the YDNA N haplogroup in central Europe. And it does not. They literally "fell" from the "sky" (according to the official history in 500 AD (as you claim) or they were there before. Even more, the migration of R1a1 and R1a was rather moving into the East than west... and the proto Turkish (so called "latino" or "celtic" R1b haplo group is originally in the newest scientific (natural science is not a pseudo science, official history is actually from this scientific approach) studies the proto turkish in origin. What was discovered was the R1b which was aggressively migrating into the east and pushing out R1a from the central Europe and R1a1 from 1st century... as a result R1a "pushed back"...with other words; only empires (such as "roman empire" was moving east into the "territory incognito / great territory" or "tartaria magna" where also existed another empire) were "spreading", creating new "territorial borders"... as a result wars started and so called "migrations" where people already existed before the new border of a new empire was created.
@Overton Shift The question here is not who was inhabiting the place (and Germanic tribes are also passer-byes btw), but who established the town. Got the difference?
@Overton Shift Its the History of Gdańsk\Danzig, not the area itself, it starts, as usually with the first written record, (960s). I don't understand what's your problem exactly? It's not about Slavs or Germans, it's about the actual history itself. I don't understand why should we skip the first 800 years of cities history and act like it started with German annexation? We should forget abut the early Polish state, Kingdom of Poland, The Teutonic State, Thirteen years war, the period when Gdańsk was at the height of its power and the crucial role the city played not only in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth but the overall European trade? It is very important to understand the complex history and structure of the city, to get why the Free City was created.
@grafvonstauffenburg I was writing about things which were going on before the "official" 10th century AD. If you are a natural scientist you have to study migrations of YDNA (while mtDNA was generally "staying at home"; men were those who were conquering new territories, women were generally "taken over" (read: raped). And the main haplogroups of men in Europe were/are beta (which was wiped out during the "neolithic"), I and later arrival of R1a (new R1a1 was formed as its derivative in ca 3500 BCE in current Poland, Ukraine) and later arrival of R1b (which took over copper mines in current Spain and wiped out I and R1a haplogroups) from current Turkey (Anatolia / Paflagonia)... And these speaking people were of proto turkish lingual group, a group which created the proto sumerian (proto turkish) speaking civilization, before moving into Europe over Spain, pushing out R1a carriers... The German civilization was formed later in 16th century, out of the Gothic people...
Today Gdansk, Gdynia and Sopot in the middle are collectively known as the Tricity or Trójmiasto in Polish.
Didn't know that. Thanks for sharing, Artur.
Lovely beach and Pier at Sopot
@@desolate1959 Sopot rocks, love that area. and the Hel peninsula.
I was there in 1999. It was my first time in Poland and my introduction to that country. I loved the city and fondly remember it’s huge cathedral and historic center. I was looking for the post office where the war started, but I didn’t have a lot of time to find it or Westerplatte. I only had two days in the city before traveling to the Czech Republic, where I now live. I enjoyed your video 👍
Thanks, David!
Danzig was not polish. It was a German speaking city but it was given to Poland after the war and its really a shame what happened to the civilians in Danzig after the war. Out of Danzig/Gdańsks 400.000 people before the war, 96% was German and 2.7% polish. After the war, the free city of Danzig was given to the Poland and 280.000 German civilians were expelled and tens of thousands were killed or sent to the gulags. This ethnic cleansing went on in every soviet occupied country after the war in areas that was originally German speaking. More than 2 million people were removed from their home because of their German ethnicity.
@@Jonsson474 You’re right, and my comment was not meant to disrespect the city’s German heritage. One reason I wanted to visit was to get an idea of the place where the Second World War in Europe started. But the city of Gdańsk is in Poland now, and my hosts are Polish, and it would be just as disrespectful not to acknowledge that.
@@Jonsson474 good
Doufám, že se Vám v naší republice líbí.
Right off the bat, first shot is really nice.
Thanks! I seriously got up at 6 AM to get a shot without people in the background. Only a lonely fisherman haha.
Major Suchodolski great polish soldier
@@takasmaka820 From the bloody battlefields od Bombas
To understand why Free City of Gdansk was created you must know history of Gdansk .Gdansk the first written record in 997 Saint Adalbert of Prague baptized the inhabitants of urban area Gyddannyzc, early name of Gdansk. The city was polish until taken by Teutonic Order in 1308-1454.Gdansk became Danzig in 1793 twenty years later after first partition of Poland when Prussia with cooperation of Russia and Austria took by force part of Polish territory with Gdansk . Since then German can claim that the city was their, just because they Germanized the city population it became German majority .In between 1807 - 1814 was first time free city . When Poland re-emerge after Germany was defeated in First World War Poland legally claimed the territory to Poland . What may you expect after 125 years of Prussian -German occupation the population remain Polish .Danzig is the German name of this city with history over 1000 years, and it was Teutonic (1308-1454) 146 yrs, as Prussian (1793-1871) and German (1871-1919) 126 yrs. So, this city was German only 272 yrs in over 1000 yrs of history .
Thanks for sharing this additional information.
This is History Hustle at its best. Five minute intros into quirky facets of history, especially European, that make you want to go off and read more. Cheers.
Thanks for your comment, Steve. Glad you liked this video.
Best type of teaching, to have students interest piqued to expand their own knowledge.👍🏾
Those new videos are really improved, one can see the progress.
Many thanks!
Hope to visit Gdańsk soon. Looking forward to W.W.II museum and lech Walesa. I am just fascinated how the city was recreated out of ashes. Thanks for this video
I found this very interesting, I knew that Danzig existed but I never really knew anything about it. Thanks for the good video!
You're welcome, thanks for your comment.
I believe that whole story about 'Polish influence' in FSD is greatly exaggerated. City authorities were dominated by Germans, Poles consisted of ~10-15 (at most) population. Custom union was not so crucial in fact and Poles did not press on their regulations after Gdynia had been established (1926). Plus, 'Westerplatte garrison' was in fact some 150 soldiers (after mobilization end of August 1939).
Thanks for sharing your thoughts on this.
The Polish minority's Party received between 4,000 and 9,000 votes in the Danzig elections (about 230,000 eligible voters). It's not even close to 10%.
@@thomaswolf2896 Sources? Are you going to suggest that elections in Gdańsk were free, equall and Just?
@@marcinterlecki6021 The Free City of Danzig was under League of Nations' supervision, at least in the 1920s the elections were - off course - free, equal and just. source: www.gonschior.de/weimar/Danzig/LT1.html
@@thomaswolf2896 We both know that League of Nation was powerless in Gdańsk. Your source - yeah, rock solid. let me create web page with my numbers ...
Thanks for the video
You're welcome.
A good overview of the history of Danzig. It's short and right to the point!
Thanks, Roger. Next video more about the specific battle that took place here.
Fun fact: there is a government-in-exile (not recognised by any country, but it still exists) of the Free City of Danzig that still exists to this day.
Didnt know! Very interesting. Thanks for sharing.
I love this city
So many aliases :O
More alias' than a mobster. 😂
Sounds like a train moving
Thanks, very interesting, European history is so complex sometimes, I feel sorry for some of the Germans who were expelled after the war, and also for the poles who were moved in from the east, an absurd situation really
Biggest ethnic relocation in Europe's history
More about this: ua-cam.com/video/B0DjYT5zQ7M/v-deo.html
Out of Danzig/Gdańsks 400.000 people before the war, 96% was German and 2.7% polish. After the war, when the free city of Danzig was given to Poland, 280.000 German civilians were deported and tens of thousands were killed or sent to the gulags. This ethnic cleansing went on in every soviet occupied country after the war, in areas that was originally German speaking. Millions of people were removed from their homes, forcefully relocated or sent to be worked to death in the gulags. Much of this we see today in the eastern parts of Ukraine, where Ukrainians are removed of their passports and sent to some rural part of Russia to become Russians. The ethnic Ukrainians are removed from areas Crimea and Donbas in order to make them Russian.
This is really cool. It is cool how city states can be created just because of an ethnic dispute.
Fascinating history indeed.
Great video, Stefan, only the background music was a bit loud.
Gdansk is great and has an interesting history. Besides its own currency and flag, Gdansk also had its own national anthem.
I understand, thanks for sharing.
Fun fact about Gdańsk : Everyday at 12:00 a Rota is played from the town hall.
This patriotic Polish song dates back to 1908 when Poland was under German, Russian and Austrian occupation. This song talks about resistance to Germanisation of Poles with its most iconic lines being. "No German shall spit in our face, Nor germanise our children, so help us God!" ua-cam.com/video/B7GPRi7B-zU/v-deo.html (Skip to 0:40 for the Rota part)
Thanks for sharing.
A very underrated, and interesting topic! Good job history hustle
Thanks!
I love the enthusiasm!
Thanks:)
My Great Grandfather lived there for a while in the 30s. He was there to make Deals with animal goods, because my family used to own their own butcher shop. When the war broke out he was called into the army and only came back to Danzig in the early 90s. He died in the mid 90s. What makes this weird for me is, if the war never happened he would've likely never left the city and i would not exist.
The Radio Station in Gliwice/Gleilwitz would be a good episode.
Yes, perhaps..
The name of the currency as the Gulden kind of makes sense since there was Dutch influence in the area.
Dutch settlers established a dairy industry, and historical names show this, e.g. Preußisch Holland was the pre-WW2 name for present day Pasłęk, about 70Km SE of Gdansk
Interesting!
Great videos! I love your ENTHUSIASM! I wish my history teacher in the 1990s would have had 10% of your enthusiasm..
(One small thing: "how did it came" should be "how did it come", although as a fellow Dutchman "how did it came" also sounds fine to me :-) )
Thanks for your comment and yes, I am aware of it now. Thanks!
This native English speaker enjoys the small ways you speak English differently than me, it helps me be brave when trying to speak German. I’m learning but it is intimidating.
You are 💯 able to be understood.
My father visited his grandfather, Albert Unger, in Danzig, during the war. Originally from Koenigsberg, he was a senior official with the Reichsbahn (a Reichsbahninspektor) and I presume he ran one of, if not the primary railway station in Danzig at the time. Interestingly, he got into trouble with the Gestapo when he complained about the brutal deportations of the Jews (along with my other great grandfather). As punishment, he was sent to Russia to run one of the captured railway stations until they started retreating. He survived the war and lived until 1970 or 71, passing away in Hamburg.
Very interesting to read. What else do you know about his experiences? Did he Saw Königsberg after the bombing? And what were his thoughts on the Soviet annexation of the place? Love to know!
@@HistoryHustle I’ll have to get back to you on that. My aunt is one of the few people who still remembers him from when he was alive. I might talk with her this weekend.
Feel free to post your information in a NEW COMMENT, then I it comes on my radar automatically :)
Nice video man keep up the good work.
Many thanks! :)
Thank you!
You're welcome.
Nice video. Will you do a separate episode about the battle for the Polish Post Office as planned? Ps. Once again, as a reminder, the relocation was also forced upon Poland. Over 3 million of Poles were expelled from "Kresy", a what is more Poland had no influence over the borderline, it was dedided by the Great Three. The new borders caused a lot of controversy since many cities inhabited by the Polish majority, like Lwów, Brześć, Wilno, Grodno were left outside of the Polish state.
Stalin was one who decided where the border was to be. Churchill had a plan to re-establish most of the prewar boundaries but the US wouldn't go to war with the Soviet Union over eastern Germany, Poland and the Baltic states, especially Roosevelt.
Thanks for your comment Jan. Tomorrow more about the Polish Post Office!
Excellent Research including narrative, what beautiful City 👍 Thank you for sharing you knowledge ✌️
You're welcome!
History Hustle 👍
Good job!!
The info is good, and sofar I know it is all right
The eddits are awesome.
Much better than I can
Thank you, Christian!
I enjoy visiting Danzig/ Gdansk, it's a beautiful city, a wonderful place to visit.
Agree.
Gdansk was not begun in 1793. Good Lord! Gdansk existed already in the 10th century as a Slavic settlement, jusst like Dresden, Leipzig or Berlin, they were also founded by Slavs. The Dutch are racist, not necessarily ignorant.
And what has racism to do with this? Through the centuries I believe we (dutchies) never had any issues with Poland. Quite the opposite, for a matter of fact. The took Dutch refugees during the religious fights (and that is why there are 'dutch' buildings in the harbour of Gdansk), and don't let me even begin about WWII. General Maczek liberate us (at least where I live). So if you think that 'the Dutch' are rasist, it is time to take a look in the mirror.
@@tomekjankiewicz7095 I guess you never heard about 'Generalplan Ost'. Hitlers plan to remove all slavic people and give the land to Germanic farmers (yes even the Dutch). In other words a lot of Dutchies would have to move away from their homes. O btw there is nothing wrong about prefering your own race/ethnicit, and racism is overused.
@@xXTheoLinuxXx in Poland the Dutch are perceived as racist, I have in mind experiences of the recent migration of Poles. Ukrainians consider Poles racist, I'm against migration of any kind. Religion wars? Which ones? Poland successfully avoided conflicts based on religiion.
"The Dutch are racist". Didn't see this one coming. Based on...?
@@xXTheoLinuxXx ever noticed how tall were Goebbels and Himmler? Only Heydrich was blond and tall. Only amongst laborers the Duch appear to be very racist. Once I had to take my clotthes off to demonstrate my white skin, it turned out that Englishman claiming that Poles were darker than germans was actualy Italian, and quite dark. People in Western Europe lack the knowledge about Europe and its history.
Great content!! Keep it going
Thanks, Marcin!
I would love to visit this city with its fascinating history. I believe it is very important to the Poles too because this is where the Solidarnosc movement was born.
It is important becouse for all Polish history it was Polish main sea port
True! Another reason for me to return to this lovely city.
I'm reading 'The Tin Drum' by Günter Grass, which is an amazing book, and this video was a great help to contextualize Danzig from a political standpoint during those times.
Grass described himself as Kashubian, an ethnic group that is strongly attached to this region.
Thanks for sharing!
My grandmother grew up in the city of Danzig and was friends and school mates with Günter Grass.
can you please do a video about the polish post office who fought in September 1939
nice video!!!!
Lucky you, this Wednesday.
@@HistoryHustle i´m looking forward to this episode
Me too.
DANG that's some noisy wind
Yeah, agree.
My city
Thanks!
Great work as always. Keep it up 👍
Thank you, Joe.
Been there,lovely city and of course the place where WW2 began,the Westerplatte is well worth visiting and you can get a ride on the ship which is based on the canal.
Great city indeed.
Thanks a lot for the video. Danzig is the only thing I was ever told about the Prussian side of my family. I dont think they looked into it. My grandfather fought for the allies in WW2. So we were U.S at that point. .... Any more videos on Gedansk or Danzig would be great. Great channel!
Thanks. Have you seen this one?
ua-cam.com/video/ujMvby9etUo/v-deo.html
@@HistoryHustle
I have now...... Thanks again!
Actually Gedańsk, not even Gdańsk is how it would be most likely called by native Slavic Kaszubians and Pomeranians even before the Teutonic Knights took into their possession at the beginning of 14th cent. Since it was a very prosperous city of Hanza, once it was in Teutonic hands it ment that it had to pay taxes to the Knights, just like other cities along Vistula.
Writer Günther Grass was born in Danzig and in many of his books growing up in that city plays a big part. I can highly recommend Die Blechtrommel / De blikken trommel / The tin can which made it into a great film.
I've seen that movie long time ago. It indeed takes place in this city. Thanks for pointing out.
could you do some vlogs on your trips? Tanks
You should've followed me on instagram my friend. It was all there in the stories.
I love this series! Its interesting to learn about these nations which barley anyon knows however have a large impact on world affairs eg: invasion of poland
Nice to read.
Hallo ich hab dir ja schon auf einen anderen Kanal über meine Oma geschrieben über Danzig haben wir viel geredet aber das würde den Rahmen hier sprengen. Ich hab noch ein 5 Gulden Stück von ihr !!
Thanks for sharing this.
The first Polish king, Mieszko founded Gdansk. Yes, it had a German majority - a German majority that was loyal to The Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth. Gdansk's German majority rioted when they found out that they came under Prussian rule! Earlier, this city withstood the Swedish invasion of Poland, though it was the first to experience the invasion!
Nice channel
Thank you!
Stefan if you were standing at the exact spot a few centuries before, there would be some Dutchman shipman saying that two of you might be related, and the conversation was in Dutch.
My father's great grandfather sold his shop and moved out from Danzig and becoming a farmer before WW1. Gdańsk is one of my favorite cities and I do have family living there - my mother's uncle worked at the Shipyard decades before the 1980s, remembering 1970 very well.
The Old City was practically a burning ghost town after it was taken by the Russian army. Some of the buildings would be burning for another months, so what you see today is reconstruction based on what the Old City might have looked around 17-18th century, with a large Flemish influence.
Cool! Gdansk is a great city. Thanks for sharing this.
Yes, Stephan. I went there on a history tour. Love Poland and Holland.
Cool!
@@HistoryHustle I find it so cool to see Poland and Holland names so similar haha
beautiful city. i admit.
Indeed.
Thanks for this video. I made a trip from Amsterdam to this city with my sister, mostly because it was the cheapest flight ticket. Only then i learned about it its fascinating history (and Dutch links). On top of that it even is the city where my ancestor Daniel Zwicker comes from. So i even spent some time in the city archives during my holiday. Although we did find Daniel Zwicker we could not confirm the missing link to the first Zwicker in Amsterdam.
Cool! Thanks for sharing, Erik.
Excellent again 👍
Only one boring video I did not like in this channel .... I think this is a great compliment, Hustle 😊
Note. I publish posts everyday in FaceBook. I know how difficult it is to please readers. 😊
Thank you for your message. Glad you liked it!
Hey man . Amazing content you have here. Ok so I have a very unrelated question. During WW1 I remember the Brits had a policy in which only 19 year olds could go overseas to fight . Was this policy revoked later as in the UK the draft got implemented in 1916 and the draft age was 18 and i am pretty sure they were having a manpower shortage?
Thanks for your reply. As for your question, I cannot answer it. Sorry!
History Hustle ah ok . Well thanks for the response anyway.
Interesting. I was aware of this state but I never knew anything about it.
Thanks, glad you learned something today :)
Where my people come from and our surname danziger, its my great grandads surname.. we have been in the u.k for 3 generations now well to me anyway and i now have grandkids
Poland set up the city in early middleages, then Teutons took it... Then after ww2 things got back to what was before... For Americans it's important that Fahrenheit was born there and ww2 started on Westerplatte with polish heros defending the post 7 days
I see.
So this is were the coat of arms was from :)
Indeed!
@@HistoryHustle Two crosses were used quite often by Teutonic Order (see Order-funded Elbing/Elbląg flag) but the crown had been added after Thirteen Years War when Gdańsk with whole Pomerelia went back to Poland (1466).
Have you ever done a video about the opening battle of World War II , the battle of the Westerplatz?
Watch the video till the end for a title card to that video.
It’s a very good name. Has a nice ring to it.
Sure does!
How many small states were there after WW1? Is there a list. I have Hungarian overprinted stamps for a Raterepublik that lasted a month
There were many. I did cover quite a bunch of them on location.
why it didn't become a free state after WW2 ??
Oh, mother…..
?
Finally someone got it 👌👌
@@HistoryHustle its from a song called Mother from an American singer named Danzig who was former singer of the Misfits
The history of the city itself is also very interesting. Probably you have spotted dutch architectual influence. Why? Many protestant Dutches escaped during the religious conflicts from the Netherlands. Why did they they choose Vistula Fens? Well, it is flat and it is located by the sea. The city was also wealthy. So they felt they were home. Thanks to tham the historical main city is full of manneristic edifices. Lots of buildings were designed by people like Isaac van den Blocke, Anton van Obberghen, Peter Willer, Vredeman de Vries. Do the names sound familiar to you? :P Greetings from Poland. We had also a lot good architects but for a reason Dutch ones have been the best for ages.
Yes I have seen it:)
Unfortunately all people of Danzig were expelled. 97% were germans. Unfortunately was not considered in any way this fact after WWI and WWII. With the expulsion of all the germans after WWII another crime was completed. Like to remove 750 years of history. The only positive thing is that at least Poland rebuild the city and gives this city the importance and the beauty of the past. I am italian tyroler and my wife is polish from Wolyna. In a future we could go to live there. Who knows... It could be a dream.
Gdansk is a beautiful city.
@@HistoryHustle totally agree. Polish made simply a great job.
Gdańsk*
Ok.
Interesting and tragic.
Thanks for watching.
In Gdańsk now. Feels very German
True.
The post war Free City of Trieste lasted much shorter.
Indeed.
My mother was born in Danzig in 1938.
She must have seen a lot.
@@HistoryHustle Yes, she lost her mother in 1943, brother 1945 and separated from the rest of her family and not reunited with them until 1950. Fortunately, another family from Danzig looked after her as if she were her own. She could never watch war movies, it was too much for her.
I am sure u receive many interesting links but the part of the Free City was also Żuławy (Werder). The shape it has taken for ages was mainly thanks to Dutch settlers. Here is a english documentary movie about this region. ua-cam.com/video/1mCf701hxc8/v-deo.html
Thanks for sharing.
Danzig is a german city ✊✊✊
Das war einmal.
@@Sidneymoch Danzig was german et will be oin day german. Nobody has the power for destroy the story of a people. I don't understand how you can defend the desicion of Stalin !
I'd live there.
Cool!
There is even today a government-in-exile od the Free city of Danzig.
Where?
Didn't know that. Love to know where yes.
I see you have been answered. Also the Danzig government and the governemnt of the Belarusian Peoples republici are the two oldest governemt-in-exiles in the world. The Belarusian government is in exile since 1918.
Fun fact is that if this government was created 7 years erlier, not two years after the war, the Free City of Danzig could exist up to today. Formally Dazig was invaded by Germany and after theirs defeat Poland took that territory as abandoned.
BTW. Those 3 tweets all from November 2018, FREE DANZING FROM GERMANY AND POLAND, wow! Danzig can to game, FREE DANZIG FROM POLAND (so not from Germany anymore? ) doesn't proof much LOL
@@Dziki_z_Lasu not true. The government of Danzig after the invasion of Poland disbanded itself because most Danziger wanted to be part of Germany. The idea of Danzig government in exile came in the wake of the german defeated in ww2, after it was clear that Danzig will be transfered to Poland. I would also wish to know who is befind this tweets and who runs the Danzig government today.
Ten gość robi dobrą robotę!
English please.
This guy (you) make a good job!@@HistoryHustle
@wojciechslusarczyk5915
Tak, to prawda. Czy mieszkasz w Gdańsku?
@@annivlaflipfan9184 W Bydgoszczy.
@@wojciechslusarczyk5915 Dziękuję.
Why wasn't the city incorporated in East Prussia?
You mean after the Germans took over? Or before?
@@HistoryHustle Before. After the treaty of versaille. Sorry forgot to mention the time
That wasn't agreed. This it's because of weaken the post WWI German state.
@@HistoryHustle Ok I see thanks!
You should have mentioned that Gdańsk was Polish for hundreds od years, that's why it was a disputed teritory although inhabited by Germans.
That was beyond the scope of this video.
@@HistoryHustle Not really I think. Without knowing it, someone could ask why the hell those Poles have anything to do with Gdańsk.
I understand.
My German Mother was born there in 1931. She visited in the 1990`s and found the home she lived in. She always comments the Poles need to give it back.
From her point of view I can understand it.
Well, she could either buy her old home or go to court? Of course the latter option wouldn't work, didn't hear about any instance of Germans winning such law suites.
My Grandmother and Grandfather were both killed by Germans. Is there a way for Germans to give them back alongside 6 million other Polish citizens? If your mother is aware of a way to do so, maybe we can talk.
@@janherburodo8070
I`ll ask her if she knows of a way.
Well perhaps tell her it started as slavic settlement, that was for over 700 years a part of Poland. It was always Poland outside of those times you stole it from us(Teutonic invasion first and then Prussian occupation, and of course during WW2).
Would history change course if the1919 Versailles people had given Poland access to sea east of East Prussia using Memel as the major port?
Perhaps..
You ever heard about this Republic: nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiek_Gersau
No, interesting.
I was wondering that the Blue White and Black Horizontal Tricolour Flag was, I found it so you don't need to, it's the flag of the"territory of the saar basin" at least I think and hope it is
Territory of the Saar Basin, yes.
@@HistoryHustle woooah the legend responded, aight cool, I just didn't want to spread misinformation, big thank
What about Catalonia puppet state under Napoleonic ocupation of the Iberic peninsula? Maybe the shortest live state ever. I would like you'll treat It on the future.
If I visit the area that sure is an option 👍
@@HistoryHustle Thanks for taking into account my suggestion. And thanks for your job. I have a lot of fun watching your videos.
Thanks!
👍
👍
Out of Danzig/Gdańsks 400.000 people before the war, 96% was German and 2.7% polish. After the war, when the free city of Danzig was given to Poland, 280.000 German civilians were deported and tens of thousands were killed or sent to the gulags. This ethnic cleansing went on in every soviet occupied country after the war, in areas that was originally German speaking. Millions of people were removed from their homes, forcefully relocated or sent to be worked to death in the gulags. Much of this we see today in the eastern parts of Ukraine, where Ukrainians are removed of their passports and sent to some rural part of Russia to become Russians. The ethnic Ukrainians are removed from areas Crimea and Donbas in order to make them Russian.
True. Don't forget to mention the Germans themselves exercises similar acts which eventually provoked the Allies to retalliate.
Because surely Poles did *NOT* suffer a similar fate from the hands of Germans and Soviets? *SURELY* it was a pure profit for Poles? (no, not really)
There is always a certain level of stupidity when it comes to matters like this. One bad doesn’t justify another bad. One evil doesn’t justify another evil. One crime doesn’t justify another crime. Everyone has to take responsibility for their own actions and admit to being wrong, no matter what someone else did.
Wasn’t there foul play from the polish that forced the German hand?
Please explain.
History Hustle I heard or read somewhere that the poles behaved distastefully to the German citizens of Danzig. Does this have any truth to it?
Stilian Georgiev a bit but people WAY over exaggerate it to justify Germany invading Poland .
@Fabian Kirchgessner can you cite some examples of this? I'd like to research more into this.
What?
"Short-lived state"
Weimar Republic: Pathetic
I know..
East Germany is very beautiful with its masurian lakes, old templer castles and historic city buildings👍
Some Recommendations:
Danzig-Westpreußen/ Danzig-West Prussia:
Gdingen/Gotenhafen
Danzig and the Westerplatte
Stargard Danzig
Thorn
Kulm
Pommern/ Pomerania:
Stettin
Kolberg
Schneidemühl
Schlesien/ Silesia:
Breslau
Hirschberg
Glatz
Gleiwitz,
Kattowitz
Beuthen
Provinz Posen / province of Posen:
Posen
Thorn
Bromberg
Gnesen
Ostpreußen und Memelland/ Eastern Prussia and Memel:
Königsberg
Pillau
Ortelsburg
Rastenburg
Osterode
Allenstein
Marienburg
Elbing
Tilsit
Memel
Prökuls
Cranz
Nimmersatt
Immersatt
Austrian Silesia und Galizien-Lodomerien:
Krakau
Lemberg
Ternopil
Sudetenland and Böhmen und Mähren:
Reichenberg
Eger
Karlsbad
Budweis
Krummau an der Moldau
Ostrau
Kuttenberg
Pardubitz
Prag
Olmütz
Brünn
Pilsen
Siebenbürgen und Donauschwaben-Land
Klausenburg
Reschitz
Kronstadt
Hermannstadt
Schäßburg
Bistritz
Thanks for sharing this information.
East Germany LOL, many of cities are in lands annexed from Poland that belong for hundreds of years to polish kingdoms. Some like Kraków were never German(outside of ww2).
Most of those cities aren't German
Danzig´s Schicksal ist erneut ein Beweis welche Ungerechtigkeit der Vertrag von Versailles zu verantworten hat
Ok.
Ironically a good chunk if inhabitants of Gdańsk nowadays consider themselves more Danziger than Polish and the tradition of independence is cultivated in some small ways.
Kinda like with Amsterdam in my country.
Ehhh, what? No. Not to mention that most of Gdańsk's modern population comes from Eastern Borderlands and other Polish regions.
Silly that they made a German-majority city a separate entity. The Polish got their access to the Baltic’s through other land so the League of Nations must have realized putting Danzig in such a circumstance would not only outrage it’s own inhabitants, but those in the Reich as well…
That's where it came down to.
It was because of city's unique history.
Actually I thought that it was part of poland
Now it is. Back then is had a status aparte, albeit that the Poles had a certain influence.
Short live state
Crimea ám i a joke to u
fair point
Danzig was Hanseatic city.Tallinn was also German-Swedish city Revel.
Yes, the old name of the Estonian capital was Reval.
Majors of Danzig
RechtstadtBearbeiten
1342-1347: Dettloff von der Osten
1342-1354: Henrich Burmeister der Ältere
1346-1355: Steffen von der Osten
1354-1374: Hillebrand Müntzer
1356-1360: Johan von Stein
1359-1372: Johann Wallrabe der Ältere
1361-1362: Casper Bock
1362-1390: Gottschalck Naase
1368-1387: Paul Jann
1372-1385: Johann Wallrabe der Jüngere
1379-1386: Johann Wackaw
1381-1384: Nicklaus Gottsknecht
1384-1392: Herman Rolberg
1392-1405: Reinhold Hittfeld
1395-1399: Lubbert Haacke
1399-1404: Peter Fürstenau
1402-1418: Tideman Huxer
1405-1411: Conrad Letzkau
1407-1410: Peter Vorraht
1408-1411: Arnold Hecht
1411-1417: Herman Hittfeld
1412-1413: Albrecht Dödorff
1413-1430: Gert von der Becke
1415-1416: Steffen Plötzker
(vorher 1436): Nicklaus Rogge
1419-1433: Johann Beisener
1430-1441: Peter Holste
1431-1432: Albrecht Huxer
1433-1446: Lucas Meckelfeld
1433-1443: Heinrich Vorraht
1436-1449: Meinert Cölmer
1442-1456: Martin Cremon
1445-1454: Albrecht Huxer
1447-1480: Reinhold Niederhoff
1452-1462: Herman Stargardt
AltstadtBearbeiten
1377 Walter Olsleger
1377-1380 Claus Lange
1399-1404 Matthias Stubbe
1399-1405 Matthias Lange
1405 Peter Schifhower
1406-1407 Matthias Stubbe
1418-1420 Johann Bloding
1419-1437 Peter Becker
1420-1436 Jordan Lovenstein
1430-1433 Nicolaus Wilde
1430-1434 Klaus Witte
1437-1438 Hans Gödeke (Jodeke)
1438-1454 Nicolaus Friedland
1439-1448 Nicolaus Fischer
1442-1454 Baltazar Gute
1451-1454 Nicolaus Zankenczin
1454 Martin Kandeler
JungstadtBearbeiten
1400-1407 Siegfrid Koch
1405-1407 Johann Zedeler
1406? Herman Schröder
1408? Herman Schröder
1408 Johann Lepil
1409 Siegfrid Koch
1409 Fridrich Böttcher (= Fridrich Wittenburg)
1410 Johann Lepil
1410 Johann Monch
1411 Siegfrid Koch
1411-1414 Johann Zedeler
1412 Hans Wittenburg
1413-1414 Fridrich Wittenburg
1415 Arnold Metzner
1415 Peter Clettendorf
1416-1417 Klaus Kiel
1416 Michael Kosker
1417-1418 Peter Clettendorf
1418-1419 Michael Kosker
1419-1420 Klaus Kiel
1420-1422 Peter Clettendorf
1421-1434 Walter Schönau
1434 Paul Bener
1435 Peter Stoltzefuß
1435-1437 Heinrich Ewerd
1436 Walter Schönau
1437-1439 Paul Bener
1438-1440 Walter Schönau
1440-1441 Peter Stoltzefuß
1441-1442 Paul Bener
1442-1443 Augustin Glibitz
1443-1444 Walter Schönau
1444-1445 Paul Bener
1445-1446 Augustin Glibitz
1446-1447 Walter Schönau
1447-1448 Paul Bener
1448-1449 Augustin Glibitz
1449-1452 Hans Wagemann
1450 Walter Schönau
1451-1454 Augustin Glibitz
1453-1454 Nicolaus Stoltzefuss = Nicolaus Heyland
Königreich Polen 1454-1791Bearbeiten
Königliches Preußen (Königreich Polen) 1454-1569Bearbeiten
1454-1461: Wilhelm Jordan
1457-1461: Jacob Falcke
1461-1475: Johann von Scheren
1462-1478: Johann von Walde
1462-1478: Johann Veere
1470-1483: Philipp Bischoff
1477-1483: Johann Angermünde
1479-1501: Johann Ferber
1483-1485: Marten Bock
1484-1502: George Buck
1484-1490: Johann Schewecke
1489-1505: Henrich Falcke
1492-1501: Henrich von Süchten
1502-1513: George Mand
1503-1512: Johann Schewecke der Jüngere
1504-1513: Matthias Zimmerman
1506-1507: Antoni Backelman
1510-1526: Eberhard Ferber
1513-1525: Greger Brand
1514-1524: Henrich Wiese
1517-1535: Philipp Bischoff
1524-1529: Matthias Lange
1525-1538: Cordt von Süchten
1526-1535: Edward Niederhoff
1526-1554: Johann von Werden
1531-1547: George Schewecke
1536-1539: Peter Behme
1538-1549: Barthell Brand
1540-1560: Tiedemann Giese der Jüngere
1548-1577: Johann Brandes
1550-1554: Johann Stutte
1555-1588: Constantin Ferber
1557-1578: Johann Proite
1558-1576: Georg Kleefeld
Königliches Preußen (Polen-Litauen) 1570-1792Bearbeiten
1577-1585: Reinhold Möllner
1578-1592: George Rosenberg
1581-1619: Johann von der Linde
1586-1602: Daniel Zierenberg
1589-1605: Constantin Giese
1592-1612: Gerhard Brandes
1603-1611: Johann Thorbecke
1605-1614: Barthell Schachtmann
1612-1616: Andreas Borkmann
1612-1625: Johann Speymann
1615-1617: Barthell Brandt
1617-1629: Arnold von Holten
1618-1636: Eggert von Kempen
1619-1635: Valentin von Bodeck
1626-1620: Ernst Kroll
1630-1642: Johann Zierenberg
1630-1631: Adrian von der Linde
1632-1654: Constantin Ferber
1636-1644: Hanss Rogge
1637-1639: Johans Ernst Schröder
1640-1649: Nicklas Pahl
1643-1644: Elert von Bobart
1645-1646: Daniel Falcke
1645-1682: Adrian von der Linde
1647-1654: Henrich Freder
1650-1665: Friederich Ehler
1655-1663: Nathanaël Schmieden
1655-1673: George von Bömelen
1664-1675: Nicklas von Bodeck
1666-1685: Gabriel Krumhausen
1677-1701: Christian Schröder
1677-1686: Daniel Proite
1683-1700: Gabriel Schuhman
1686-1704: Constantin Ferber
1692-1707: Johann Ernst von Schmieden
1702-1707: Reinhold Wieder
1704-1722: Andreas Borkman
1707-1716: Friedrich Gottlieb Engelcke
1708-1712: Joachim Hoyge
1708-1740: Gabriel von Bömeln
1712-1721: Ernst von der Linde
1716-1710: Carl Ernst Bauer
1720-1745: Johann Gottfried von Disseldorff
1722-1720: Salomon Gabriel Schumann
1723-1734: Gottfried Bentzmann
1730-1739: Carl Groddeck
1735-1757: Johann Wahl
1740-1753: Carl Gottlieb Ehler
1741-1746: Joachim Jacob Schwacher

Christian Gabriel von Schröder (Kupferstich, 1764)
1746-1748: Johann Carl Schwartzwald
1746-1755: Nathanael Gottfried Ferber
1750-1753: Fridrich Krüger
1754: Christian Gabriel von Schröder (1692-1762)
1754: Michael Schmidt
1756: Johann Kenner
?: Johann Ernst von der Linde
1762-1776: Gottlieb G. Weickhmann
1763-1767: Daniel Gralath
1777: Gottfried Schwartz
1780-1793: Johann Gottfried Reyger
1787: Johann Bentzmann
1790: Zernecke
1793: Eduard Friedrich von Conradi
Königreich Preußen 1793-1806Bearbeiten
1794: von Lindenow
Freistaat Danzig 1807-1814Bearbeiten
1807-1808: Carl Friedrich von Gralath
1808-1810: Gottlieb Hufeland
1810-1814: Johann Willhelm Wernsdorff
Königreich Preußen 1814-1919Bearbeiten
1814-1849: Joachim Heinrich von Weickhmann
1847-1862: Samuel Friedrich Schumann
1850-1862: Carl August Groddeck
1863-1891: Leopold von Winter
1891-1896: Karl Adolf Baumbach
1896-1902: Clemens Delbrück
1903-1910: Heinrich Otto Ehlers
1910-1918: Heinrich Scholtz († 8. Oktober 1918)
Freie Stadt Danzig 1920-1939Bearbeiten
1920-1931: Heinrich Sahm (ab 1920 Präsident des Senats)
1931-1933: Ernst Ziehm (Präsident des Senats)
1933-1934: Hermann Rauschning (Präsident des Senats)
1934-1939: Arthur Greiser (Präsident des Senats)
Deutsches Reich 1939-1945Bearbeiten
1939-1945: Georg Lippke
Polen (als Gdańsk) ab 1945Bearbeiten
Volksrepublik Polen 1945-1990Bearbeiten
1945-1946: Franciszek Kotus-Jankowski
Ok thnx
This is not a good piece. Incredibilly biased
Please explain.
@@HistoryHustle 1. He starts the history of Gdańsk pretty much by the end of WW2. While the city is at least 1000 years old and most of the time was just another Polish city. The crown in the coat of arms is a symbol of it. 2. Author disregards the fact that Pomorze and Wielkopolska were parts of Poland brutally grabbed by Prussia. BTW almost 150 years of germanisation effort was futile due to Polish population resistance. So the lands of former German Empire were RETURNED to Poland not "Given". 3. The Heimwehr heroes burned Polish postal workers alive using gasoline. Among dead was 7 yo girl. A true danger to Great Reich... and so on. To sum up, guy goes along the German propaganda.
@Fabian Kirchgessner Herr Kirchgessner, first check what did your grand dad during the WW2. Was he in SS? Wehrmacht? Check your familly pictures and compare with history. Some murdered civilians? Rape? Looting? All that was made by Germans in my country. Then read the history of Gdańsk. The city was in fact german speaking but so was Kraków at the certain point. In late XVIII' Danzigers fough Prussians to stay within the kingdom of Poland. The historic rights of Poland to Gdańsk are beyond any discussion.
Fabian Kirchgessner well I don’t understand you either . So can you explain your point ?
@Poland Daily Live: this video is about the Free City of Danzig in the interwar years, so I don't start the history of the city by the end of WWII. Furtermore I do a recap about its early history.
i feel sorry for holland , when you get rich some europeans in bulgaria get rich , when your euro is poor no matter how free trade and profitable nederlands is , you get dragged down as poor as well... i often wondered if uk (me) was to be 51st state of english speaking usa, normal analogy to show whatbeing tightly linked to other nations or peoples or money unions is to do to an individual in the way. i wonder how happy those people in litchenetein were post 1945 to stay out of war, could ye do a video on litchenstein affairs too??? europe , as a brit, is tres interesting. if uk joined in de gaulle 's union idea with uk or if uk joining its canada in some way to itself, it makes me appreciate having directly accountable and electable lwadership. one main reason brexit went onwards is people said we can get mep easily but the lawmaking and executive part in eu power is and would be never elect from the people, thats why i love hre and zollerverin trade area, the elect get made with the true involvement of the people, not love this , becauseq it elects princes but did democracy get killed in moder÷n europe or what!!!...
Bulgaria rich? I don't really understand what you're trying to say.
Danzig ist Deutsch
Nope, not any longer.