Minor key from major scale

Learning minor scales is important, but this video shows you how to "extend" the major scale to adapt it to playing in a minor key.
The bit in the middle where I shift the tonality to E is a quick glimpse at playing in what is called modes. Chromatically, though in the key of C major (no sharps or flats), I am actually in the phrygian mode. Lots of pop songs are based on modal tonalities, which explains why they do not slavishly follow the "rules" of major and minor per se.
The natural minor scale used in this video is also modal - it is the aeolian mode. In other words, the same rules apply. I can use my major scale - shift the tonality - and play in a mode.... or..... a minor key.