Ten Minute English and British History #20 - The English Civil War
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- Опубліковано 5 сер 2024
- Twitter: / tenminhistory
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This episode of Ten Minute History covers the late reign of Charles I and his problems with the Bishops' War and the conflict with parliament. It wasn't long before Charles' duplicity and method of rule saw the outbreak of war between Parliament and the king's forces. The civil wars spanned about a decade and eventually saw the execution of Charles I and the ascendancy of Oliver Cromwell as the Lord Protector of the English Commonwealth (a republic). His rule saw the conquest of Ireland and war with Spain and the Dutch Republic and after Cromwell's death in 1658, it wasn't long before Charles's son, Charles II, was restored to the throne.
Recommended reading:
Barry Coward and Peter Gaunt - The Stuart Age: England 1603-1714. Fantastic and very detailed work which I'd recommend for undergrads but a bit dense for those simply interested in the period.
John Miller - Early Modern Britain: 1450-1750. A phenomenal book. It's an overview of the entire period and really a must have if you are looking to study Britain during the era. Cannot recommend this book enough (or the others in the series).
So you’re telling me England was a Republic for a short time, most colonies supported the Monarchy, and a Frenchman wrote a book supporting Royalty over Democracy?
Hey just so y'all are aware,
I'm joking. You don't need to correct me on history I know, I watched the video and I took AP Euro, we covered this.
France was a very absolute monarchy until louis 16 england was starting to loose in the 17th century
He was an englishman exiled in france
You got it, hole-in-one 😂
And people believe that, which is very clearly historians trolling everyone.
No, after English civil war the UK moved to the dictatorial regime with the dictator were Sir Olive Cromwell, but after the death of Sir Cromwell the English Royal retake their throne and hunged the death body of Sir Cromwell.
"So they hatched a clever plan: They lied."
Can't argue with a good plan.
Well.... Guns..
This was a great episode and the funniest as well to date.
Cunning plan? No?
It would seem today's politicians still use their "Ye Olde Guide to Democratic Proceedure".
Technically they didn't lie, many MP's and Lords were Presbyterians that would have been happy to see such a church as England's National Church.
Fun fact: because Virginia was so loyal to the royalists, it was given the nickname the "Old Dominion" and because of that, the sports teams of the University of Virginia are known as the "Cavaliers"
And some of the counties were named after the monarchy.
Sounds like the name of a whiskey.
And there’s another university in Virginia called Old Dominion
@@CreeperDude17 fittingly known as the Monarchs haha
That actually is a fun fact. Thank you for sharing.
Parliament tried to disband the army, but the army, led by one Thomas Fairfax, said no, which is pretty hard to argue with because guns. Loved it.
It's ironic that Cromwell has a statue outside Parliament given that he decided who could sit in it and shut it down when it disagreed with him. Completely unlike a King.
Logic < A Musketball to the Face
And people say there's no logic behind the Second Amendment!
@@Svensk7119 There is a gigantic difference between civilians with arms and soldiers with arms.
If the precious Second Amendment protected anything in the US, why are things getting worse and worse? Why are more, and more, rights compromised in favor of cooperations and profits for the rich?
@@MrBell-iq3sm That's one way to look at it.
“They hatched a clever plan, they lied” nice to see politicians haven’t changed in 400 years
well rather a few thousend years...
People lie. Boo hoo
@@andrpaulino they're in charge of you though...
@@frosty6297 The same argument can be said against your parents. They were in charge of you (until a certain age), they lied to you constantly. People are people.
@@LZin-uk5nh lmao, one runs a household one runs every household and establishment in the nation, not quite the same lad
One essential thing this video leaves out though is that even though the monarchy was restored with Charles II, it was a much reduced monarchy. A monarchy that had to answer to Parliament much in line with what Parliament had originally demanded from Charles I. Thus, Parliament eventually got what it wanted, though only after having endured Cromwell's dictatorship.
Then later, after they invited William of Orange to become King, it was on the condition he sign the Bill of Rights 1688, which further reduced the Monarch's power and increased Parliament's, and is an important piece of the British Constitutional framework to this day.
Charles II dissolved a parliament though.
@@liamcollins9183 And 20 or so years later, after Anne died, Parliament gives the crown to a non-English speaking German.
@@liamcollins9183 unfortunately, they forgot to include "don't commit genocide against the Scots and Irish" in that bill of rights
It leaves it out because title:Civil War. Not Restoration.
“Most of the American colonies backed the Royalist side”. What a big difference 126 years makes.
Well, actually, support for secession wasn't as popular as America likes to tell itself. And without France it may never have happened until much later.
'The Patriot' was an awful film at portraying that period of history.
@@SenorCrazylegs more than half of the people wanted separatism
@@CoolioXXX52 Well yes, but also, no. I understand Robert Calhoon suggested 40-45% of the white populace were "patriots", with a lower percentage as "loyalists" and neutrals. So that was my meaning. It wasn't a clear majority in favour of secession.
There were more people both loyal or neutral.
You are pretty much correct, but it's a tad more complicated than that.
Actually a lot of support for the Roundheads. Puritans came from the farm lands of East Anglia, Mayflower country.
cambs 01
There were at least two that were definitely Royalist leaning; Virginia got the nickname ‘the Old Dominion’, by Charles II, in honour of their loyalty to the Crown- there was also Maryland.
Logic < A musketball to the face
you really cant argue with that
*golf clap*
4:50
@Alshamari Baha2 inaccuracy is made up for with mass fire, and the '30 seconds of reloading' was taken care of with tactics and formations which allowed loaded muskets to constantly be on the front line of the regiments formation.
It's hard to argue with his assessment
Since it's been 3.5 years, am I wrong to hope for this series to continue?
No. Although, I do want others series for different countries.
i spent minutes trying to click on that glorious revolution sequel video 😔
This series has the best death scenes...the "thud" says it all. My favorites are the unexpected surprise thuds.
This almost feels like it could be 2 episodes.
I wish I’d split it in two. One for the civil war and one for the commonwealth. But alas.
@@HistoryMatters Yeah, this one should have been two. You could still do that. Thomas Fairfax got short changed I feel with just the quick mention. He's my favourite historical figure. He fought against Charles I when he thought he was a tyrant, but refused to be any part of his trial. Then he refused to invade Ireland and when he thought Cromwell was becoming even worse he fought to restore Charles II. The rare British historical person who seemed like a great guy.
You also could've mentioned Cromwell's corpse being put on trial.
Is this the end of the British series?
@@HistoryMatters Hey, where is the next video of the series? We're all waiting for The Glorious Revolution.
@@anguseverist4178 I found one on the glorious revolution but it’s more of a debate on if it was an English coup or a Dutch conquest. It does summarise what the revolution is though
@@HistoryMatters another would be great
I love the ghost of Charles I saying 'so now it's ok?'
I know it's probably a sailed ship, but I'd love to see this series completed.
I second this notion
One thing that makes this channel superior to other history channels is your use of scholarly historical works (rather than pop history) for sources, as well as your clear citing of those sources (which some "history" channels even flat-out refuse to do, like Extra Credits). Lot's of respect for your obvious passion for the subject and academic integrity.
Or outright making things up like EC.
nuttex
Who?
Every channel has its charm.
You cite EC however you are wrong in the fact that their history series started as a sponsored series
Extra Credits is trash now
Here's a fun fact, the Cornish largely sided with the royalists because the royal family had preserved their rights as a unique culture under the crown, and after one battle, they hosted Charles the first at Pendennis castle in Falmouth whilst he recovered. The irony that about 300 years later the Cornish culture and language would be basically completely stamped out by the Victorians.
For those that didn't watch the previous video in this series or are unfamiliar with early American history the northern colonies gave more support to Parliament because they were Puritans.
Merritt Animation the University of Virginia sports teams are known as the Cavaliers.
@@armorsmith43 pretty neat callback
Yeah the Parliament didn't like Catholics or Anglicans very well
@@northchurch753 For Anglicans that should read High Church Anglicans as the English puritans (Presbyterians and Independents) were still a part of the Church of England and aimed at a second reformation from within the church.
The Brownists and separatists on the other hand while holding similar theological views to the puritan parliamentarians were as their name suggests not particularly welcomed by parliament. In their quest for freedom of religion it was the independents or congregationalist puritans who first set sail for the new world.
The American Presbyterians differed at the time from their English counterparts by embracing the same ideal as the independents in regards to freedom of worship. This is reflected in the American revision of the Westminster Confession which is the statement of doctrine held by that denomination.
Support for the Royalists bit the Puritans of Massachusetts Bay Colony in the butt after the Restoration when Charles II revoked their corporate charter, appointed a royal governor, and ordered some antidemocratic practises of their colonial government changed immediately. The Puritans here deliberately kept their corporate charter in Boston so they could establish a theocracy in English North America, which they did.
This series needs to be brought back
I still hope we get that 10 minute Glorious Revolution video someday.
Yeahhhh and maybe further
2:45-2:52 Another important thing controlled by Parliament were the presses, allowing the Parliamentarians to unleash a war of propaganda. (This war had already been going on for some time before the civil war itself broke out.)
Lugenpresse!
Charles the first recalling parliament: *I once again ask for your financial support*
😂
The army opted for a different strategy: RUN AWAY 😂😂😂
I never knew the English army learned French tactics
@@mrvictorian4004 I heard the French took lessons from King Arthur.
@@mrvictorian4004 Predictable commentary
Brave Sir Thomas ran away
@@mrvictorian4004 since 1066, they were led by Norman aristocrats for a long time - Normans are French
Yeah that republic thing didn't work out for us. Turns out handing power to an ultra-religious military guy goes badly.
Just like some Austrian guy who became President of Germany
@@tinton08568 That Austrian guy was a secular humanist (not to mention a vegetarian.)
@@stevenichols2938 Humanist is rather debateable, but otherwise there's also a Coriscan artilleryman and a Georgian double agent who have similar stories and career progressions.
@@Omegan101 In the same way that there is a democratic peopels republic somewhere in Korea that is neither democratic, representative of its people or a republic.
Cromwell wasn't anti royalist but he was anti Stuart. It is this period that helped the UK to become a constitutional monarchy. This in turn prevented the revolution that saw the end of the French monarchy.
Incidentally, Cromwell saw the fight as a fight for religious freedom and liberty of conscience.
On the 3rd of September 1658, Oliver Cromwell made his most important contribution to British political history.
He died.
LOL
based + stuartpilled
It is incresibly sad this series was not completed. Got an alright grounding in English + British history. Thanks for that.
Em no offence but historical english/british people are celtic/germanic people, that means Mohammad that isnt really your history,
@@francoisdaureville323 It is if he lives in the UK.
@@greva2904 isnt sweetie ancestors and origins dont care where you live hes british in nationality not in ancestry or history, or even european of other origin like Scandinavian or iberian, hes history is in the the indian subcontinent probably im gonna assume he is pakistani
@@francoisdaureville323 he never said it was his history… 🤨 He was simply commenting on that fact that the series wasn’t finished, and that the English +British History Episode was an acceptable substitute. Who cares what someone’s ethnicity is anyway, it just makes you sound ignorant for bringing it up. 🤫
@@rjames4427 i dont care about etncity but yes in this regard because this is about history, you being mad about me pointing it out make it obvius that you are probably one of those people who are triying so hard to not appear as racist and say things like etnicty dont matter but then talks about cultural apropiation and how it insults other etnicities, and their history im not the ignorant here
I really want the Assassin's Creed franchise to explore the English Civil War.
That’d be so neat! My boyfriend loves assassins creed and I love history so that would be amazing!
The civil war and glorious revolution shaped Britain and therefore most of the worlds history in unimaginable ways. Yet for many it is a footnote in world history and a small section in british history.
Very happy to see another high quality british history video, keep them up.
@Rockabilly hick well not only that, but yep
Yeah it was them Godamn Anglo saxons!
@@wholelifeahead anglo Saxons is what people who don't like us call us, as it implies we are foreigners in our own nation as we are not britons.
@Tom completely agree, always pissed me off that the constitutional significance of the whole 17th century is not taught more in school! many parliamentarians writings like John Lilburne also later influenced the American Revolution
Mattallica901 Without the English revolution there would have been no French Revolution.
Fun fact : Charles 1st was the one creating the strength of the Royal Navy, by insisting on having dedicated large men of war, against the Parliament will of using smaller vessels and hired merchant vessels like the Dutch did.
And then they dug up Cromwell and bashed his corpse up.
That always communicated to me how bitter the conflict must have been. He's been dead for awhile but you're still going to dig him up and desecrate his corpse to get back at him?
Yeah, I guess they wanted the head on a pike, it probably rankled with them that he died of old age instead of being rightfully overthrown. These times were more barbaric than a lot of people think.
Too scared to fight him when he was alive, so they do it when he was dead. Bunch of cowards!
"Not so tough when you've spent a few years decomposing, are ya, ya roundhead bastard!".
Take away our Christmas,eh(thud). Puritan piece of shite!
Would love the next installment of this series!
I really admire your map work!
I like your fuengirola video
More, I need MORE! :( I started this series because I was promised 46 episodes (if I remember corectly). MOOOOORE, oh please, I am invested now!
RIP Ten Minute British History #21: The Glorious Revolution
You will be missed
Where's more of these histories of England? Why'd they stop?
I see Thomas Wentworth took the Monty Python approach to military strategy
Bring this series back!
Where's "The Glorious Revolution" that was advertised at the end of this video????
The series was cancelled, probably lost interest in it, I guess. 🤷♂️
Sam Lund it is sad if he never finish it, because it was almost done anyway. He already covered the early and late british empire :(
@@Jacob-lv6zy He had 44 parts planned with much more detail, but said in a Q&A video that it just didn't do the numbers to justify the effort compared to other topics, and also, yes, I think wore him out a bit. It would be nice to see it completed, but I'm skeptical that he will ever return to the ten-minute format now. For what it's worth, the Glorious Revolution is somewhat covered in a recent video, "Did the Dutch conquer England?"
I would pay to have it done. Time to go to Patreon!
@@Doogie2K3 " it just didn't do the numbers to justify the effort compared to other topics" these videos got close to half a million views. Isn't that good numbers?
Also been called "The War of the Three Kingdoms" ultimately there were many wars going on at the same time. The "three kingdoms" being, Ireland, Scotland and England.
In Ireland
Irish confederate wars. Where Ireland fought against....
The scottish coventeers
The parliamentarians
In Scotland the scottish conventeers ruled but were against the royalists within scotoand
In England, the English civil war of parliamentrians vs royalists.
wales ?
@@thewolfofswingthat2035
Wales at this point was fully integrated into England I think
I never understood why englishmen call it the "English civil war" even though Scotland and Ireland were heavily involved on both sides.
*Sips Tea*
Bloody hell...
This channel mostly reminds me that I'm happy to be alive now and not back then
Definitely an enduring theme throughout history lmao. "Man it really sucked back then!"
I bet future generations will say the same about us, if we don't nuke the planet that is
zeker
The present is always the best time to live
Don't speak too soon.
I miss when 10 Minute History was a thing.
The English Civil War and French revolution has taught me..be aware of any committe that says its for the peoples safety.
I love how accurate the map is that county Monaghan is perfectly done on it
I watched an interesting documentary about how the new printing press in England greatly influenced the outbreak and eventual outcome of the Civil War. From what I can remember, Prince Rupert's massacre-ing was widely reported by the Parliamentarians, who had access to the then press of the time, and swayed public opinion against the king. Great video btw! :D
8:12 THE IRONY 😂😂
I really hope you'll continue this series one day.
Funny how the Parliamentarians fought to stop the king from doing what he wanted without their approval only for Oliver Cromwell to act like a king who did what he wanted and purge Parliament when it suited him.
tends to be the case, those who deserve power and wont abuse it rarely want it while those that want it rarely dont abuse it
At 0:35, I like the reference to Van Dyck’s “Triple Portrait” of Charles I.
I am the big sad that this series ended
we need this series to CONTINUE 😩
I’m happy to see that UA-cam is picking up and recommending the newer stuff so our boy can get paid, but damn I love these older 10min videos. So much dense and informative information.
If any Americans from the states of North Carolina or South Carolina are here, know that these two states are named for King Charles I. Carolus is the latinization of Charles.
Sees Ten Minute History in real life
*TROTS UP TO HIM WITH A SIGN IN MY HAND*
More videos now!
I still periodically come back here in hopes of seeing the sequel appear. COME ON THEN, GLORIOUS REVOLUTION!
Such a shame that the glorious revolution episode is gone, would have loved to have seen it.
"but instead the army opted for a different strategy of running away"
laughed my morning oats into my ducky
Will there be anymore ten minute history episodes someday? I would love to see more English and British history episodes, right up to the modern day.
Dude this was two years ago, time for the next phase -- give us more British history!
Interesting fact: Shortly after Charles was buried, a lone figure in a cloak went to his tomb and muttered “Cruel necessity.” then left. No-one knows who it was, but some think it may have been Oliver Cromwell.
Please start this series again! It's fantastic :)
This channel continues to teach me random stuff that I never knew, even after studying this period for a while. I never knew that Cromwell was offered the crown, nor that he refused it to avoid looking like he had thrown a coup.
One year still waiting to find out what is the glorious revolution....
I really like how he is simple while speaking, so I can easily understand nut he also uses historic therms
Can you continue the series?
Been making my way through these, absolutely gutted to realise that this was the last one :(
Same. But, it also made me reflect on how many 1 or 2 hour lectures I sat through in college that could really have been presented in 10 minutes, but you know: money.
Joining the masses in hoping you return to this, even if it's no longer the 10 minute format. I enjoyed running through these, honestly my only gripe (which I think got better over time) was slapping the mic for deaths, the lack of processing of that sound is like clapping someones ears (and although it's probably fine, there's a paranoid part of me concerned it might wreck headphone drivers haha)
Still waiting for the Glorious Revolution. I really hope it comes around (because I believe its quite glossed over)
I just love the "so now it's ok" from the ghost of Charles I
XD
Please finish this series
This was brilliant. Thanks for helping me pass my A-Levels!
Has this series been cancelled? If so, why? There isn't any way to watch the next episode, right?
Yeah I was wondering that as well
I want to watch the next episode so badly...
Sad that this was never continued...
Next part please
It should continue
Still sad this series didnt continue after this episode
Charles I, Parliament, Strafford, Pym, Essex, Fairfax, Cromwell, Rupert, the Covenanters, Royalists, the Levelers, America, Scotland, Ireland, Church of Scotland, Church of England, Protestants, Catholics, Triennial Act, Hobbes and Leviathan, Charles II… this video is packed with History
6:52
The irony
Not sure if you see these comments with how many you get, but I just wanted to say thanks for making these.
They are informative and I often play one or two of them in the background while I work. Amazing job :3
One key point you miss about Cromwell is that for his many faults he did not want to be a king or lord protector. Multiple times he gave up, or tried to give up, his title and power. Each time he did everything deteriorated rapidly and he stepped back in to shore up the ship of state
Half the history books seem to go completely out of their way to demonise Cromwell. He was clearly a VERY complicated character, and yet we normally just get accusations of genocide and tyranny - despite the fact that it is recorded that he executed his own troops for pillaging/rape after battle, and that he rejected the crown and did not want to rule. Those records of him, and then later things he's described as seem to be in conflict with one-another.
It's a little bit sad that such a one-sided view of him is held by the masses; I guess its largely because the Irish used him as a part of their new 'foundation myth', which like most myths is not really rooted in 100% truth, and generally is prone to a lot of exaggerations and distortions to better justify their own beliefs about themselves and their place in the world.
Quite true, and nicely expanding on my point. John Green's favourite quote comes to mind here: Truth(or Reality) Resists Simplicity.
Cromwell from all accounts was a humble man and refused to have portraits of him be removed of his facial imperfections. He was the kind of man who would walk down the path he talked with pride and with accountability.
Well for all the accidental and concious atrocities, Cromwell was also trying to soldier up corrupted egotistical English nobility, and since they were sponsoring/writing history books in further centuries, no wonder they demonized him in every way possible"
I spent minutes clicking on the glorious revolution link before realising it doesn't exist 😔
Man, the next episode is going to be glorious.
Parliment: "We'll give you lots of money if you help us in the war."
Covenanters: "Where will you get the money from?"
Parliment: "Erm, from the treasury we refused to pay the king to pay you from."
When are you going to finish this series? It was so good
Wow, I learnt so much about the English civil war from this short video , that I didn't know before. Well done.
I'm still a little sad that this series never finished :/
Please continue this series, its amazing! I would donate
Its amazing how we can simplify historical events like this. Even detach thinking about all the people that died
I love your videos. Your pronunciation of Drogheda was a high crime but your videos are still amazing 🤣🤣🤣
Too bad you seemingly abandoned this project, I always enjoy the humor with which you retell history ^^
I love your version of the painting shown at 1:49. (Its shown before and after then but still.)
One of the best explainers on UA-cam! Thanks!
I see a new Ten Minute History...I click.
Still waiting for British and English history part 21
Great series, watched all episodes so far!
What happened to episode 21? I hoped we would go on until contemporary times!
I did enjoy this episode very much indeed sir.
1:07 i like the reference to "Charles I in Three Positions"
Interesting Fact: Some of The Irish STILL use Cromwrll’s name as a swear word after his campaings there.
Don't blame them we should use it in britian as one aswell.
@@RoyalRegimentofScotlandfair point
@charliefarmer4365 Of course, the guy was a tyrant dictator hypocrite. He claimed he got rid of britians "tyrant king" yet he was far worst
2:20 *"Jog on"* LMFAO XD 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣
One important accomplishment by Oliver Cromwell: He invited the Jews, who had been expelled from England back in 1290, back into England. They were able to return in 1656.
History revision of the civil war needed? This helps when you have a short attention span, I love the way the people are drawn!
Now make a video about that time when a French general in Africa basically did a coup and put Charles DeGaulle in charge. Yeah, that sentence didn't end the way you expected, did it