Transport across the Cell Membrane / Plasma Membrane | Active and Passive Transport

Transport across cell membrane is of two major types; active transport and passive transport.
PASSIVE TRANSPORT:
In this transport, energy is not used and substances move along the concentration gradient from a higher concentration gradient towards a lower concentration gradient. It is further of two types; simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
Simple Diffusion:
In this transport, substances move along the concentration gradient directly through the cell membrane. Examples include oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.
Facilitated/Carrier-Mediated Diffusion:
In this transport, substances move along the concentration gradient by using some carrier protein. This transport is also called carrier-mediated diffusion. Examples include movement of glucose into the muscles, etc.
ACTIVE TRANSPORT:
In this transport, energy is used and substances move against the concentration gradient from a lower concentration gradient towards a higher concentration gradient. It is further of two types; primary active transport and secondary active transport.
Primary Active Transport:
In this transport, energy is used directly from ATP to move substances against the concentration gradient. Example is Sodium-Potassium ATPase Pump in the cell membranes. These pumps use ATP energy to actively pump sodium outside the cell and potassium inside the cell.
Secondary Active Transport:
In this transport, one substance (which is usually sodium) moves along the concentration gradient. Energy of this movement is used to move another substance against the concentration gradient.
If both the substances move in the same direction, it is called "Co-Transport or Symport". For example, sodium-glucose co-transport.
If the substances move in the opposite directions, it is called "Counter-Transport or Antiport". For example, sodium-calcium counter-transport.
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[@sketchy1113]

And for active ...there are two forms....primary and secondary based on the type of energy consumed

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Sir could U also explain special types of transport:
Bulk flow, filtration, osmosis(osmotic pressure, reverse osmosis)

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@@gitaranibagadi8130 Video on "osmosis" is already made. Others are coming soon.

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Sir u explained it very beautifully🙂❤... Im here for Secondary active transport

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Sir what is the difference between passive transport and non mediated transport

[@MedTimewithKhan]

Passive Transport is of two types: Mediated (in which carrier protein is required) and Non-Mediated (in which carrier protein is not required)

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[@KumarKadimisetty]

Sir @ 4-10 you said Glucose moves against the concentration gradient...I am a little confused ..as both are moving from higher concentration to lower concentration gradient..can you please clarify

[@MedTimewithKhan]

In Secondary Active Transport, one soulte (Sodium) moves from higher concentration gradient towards lower concentration gradient. In this process, some energy is released. This energy is used to move another solute (Glucose) from lower concentration gradient towards higher concentration gradient. You are confused only because direction of movement of Sodium and Glucose is the same. However, keep in mind that even though their direction is same, Sodium is moving downhill along the concentration gradient. And energy produced from this movement is used to move Glucose uphill against the concentration gradient. Movement of Sodium is producing energy which is being used to move Glucose at the same time.

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does all secondary A.T depends on primary A.T ?

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Yes

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In facilitated diffusion Why it doesn't not occur transportation directly through lipid bilayer?

[@MedTimewithKhan]

Lipid Bilayer allows diffusion of lipid-soluble non-polar molecules only, like carbon dioxide and oxygen. Whereas, other molecules which are polar require some carrier protein for diffusion. For example, glucose. So, glucose cannot cross lipid bilayer directly because it is a polar molecule (lipid non-soluble).

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Sir I'm simple diffusion co2 move from lowe to higher concentration..... 😊

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[@KumarKadimisetty]

Sir @ 6-42 you said drugs like Digitalis...could block the Na K pump and it affects the Secondary active transport too....
Is this Digitalis..the herb one thats used for treating edema ?

[@MedTimewithKhan]

Yes Digitalis is the herb used as a medicine. It's main active component is Digoxin which is used in the treatment of specific heart conditions.

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Co transport and anti transport kya passive m nhi aate aapne active m bola h

[@MedTimewithKhan]

Nahi. Ye Active mein hi aate hein. Kyunke energy use ho rahi hoti he. Lekin wo energy direct ATP se nahi aa rahi hoti balke kisi solute ke Concentration Gradient se aa rahi hoti he.

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These are basics of biology. So, it is for students studying any branch of biology, etc. Even medical students start from the same basics.

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Thanks for your comment. Playlists are made now.

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Diffusion of any kind is passive

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Nope... I don't have any lung disease...

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