Die Neunfachbestattung von Salzmünde | Museum exklusiv
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- Опубліковано 27 вер 2024
- Der Fundplatz Salzmünde, nach dem die jungsteinzeitliche Salzmünder Kultur (3400 bis 3100 vor Christus) benannt ist, liegt auf einem weitläufigen Höhenplateau über der Saale unweit von Halle. Unter den vielen bemerkenswerten Befunden, die hier zu Tage kamen, ragt einer als besonders ungewöhnlich hervor: eine Neunfachbestattung von vier erwachsenen Frauen und fünf Kindern. Welche Rückschlüsse auf das Totenritual der Salzmünder Kultur können anhand der Bestatteten gezogen werden? Welche Kuriosität wurde ebenfalls im Grab entdeckt? Welche Vorteile bietet die Konservierung archäologischer Befunde im Block?
Diese und noch weiteren Fragen beantwortet Museumsdirektor Harald Meller in dieser Folge von "Museum exklusiv". Im Rahmen einer Kurzführung wird dieses Highlight der Archäologie anhand der im Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale) ausgestellten Exponate beleuchtet.
Mit der Reihe "Museum exklusiv" laden wir Sie ein auf einen Rundgang durch das Landesmuseum, präsentieren archäologische Funde von weltweiter Bedeutung, erzählen Geschichten aus dem Leben unserer Vorfahren und werfen einen Blick hinter die Kulissen der spektakulären Inszenierungen der Dauerausstellung. Kommen Sie mit!
Weitere Informationen zum Landesmuseum und zu seinen Dauer- und Sonderausstellungen finden Sie unter: www.landesmuse...
Eine Thomas Claus Medienproduktion im Auftrag des Landesamts für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt - Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte in der Archaeofilm-Reihe "Museum exklusiv", 2022. "Archaeofilm" ist eine geschützte Wort-Bild-Marke des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt (LDA).
Bildgestaltung: Felix Greif
Ton: Simon Hückstädt
Schnitt: Alexander Woltexinger
Grafik: Oliver Thomas
Regie: Thomas Claus
#Archaeofilm #Archäologie #Museumexklusiv #LDA #KulturLSA #SachsenAnhalt
Wieder mal ein sehr guter Vortrag, immer wieder faszinierend!
Mir gefällt eure Reihe sehr gut. Wissenswert und interessant. Grüße an Herr Meller, macht er richtig gut.
Besten Gruß aus Lübeck, Axel
Spannend! Aus Salzmünde stammt ja auch der Befund der sogenannten "Geschundenen Frau". Zu Salzmünde wärn weiter Vidios sehr interessant. Ich war diese Woche bei Euch im Museum - beeindruckend wie Ihr die 1. Etage umgestaltet habt! Nach 4 Stunden ging bezüglich Wissensaufnahme bei mir nichts mehr und ich habe nur die 1. Etage geschafft. Neben den spektakulären Inszenierungen, fand ich die Gegenüberstellung: Billendorf/Saalemündungs-/Unstrutgruppe/Thringische Gruppe sehr interessant. Was mir zwischen den Stelen fehlte, waren Antworten auf die Frage gab es ein Kontinuität der Menschen, d.h. die Kultur wanderte ein, oder wanderten Menschen mit einer neuen Kultur ein? Auf jeden Fall werde ich zeitnah wiederkommen!
Fantastisch und spannend !
Was würde ich geben um in diesem Museum und mit diesem Professor zusammen zu Arbeiten !!!
It is very unfortunate, that so little about Salzmünde Group is published in English. So, here is my translation of this video. Time stamps are approximates.
00:31
Here we have a ninefold burial from the Salzmünde earthwork.
00:37
You might be surprised - you don't see nine people straight away.
00:43
Here on the right lies one woman. Here lies a woman. Down there lies a woman and here lies a woman whose skull is missing.
00:51
We see two children facing the women.
00:54
The younger child is about one and a half years old. The next child is about two years old.
01.05
Here, the woman is holding a toddler and here the woman is holding an infant.
01:10
So we already have eight people. But there are the bones of another baby in this woman's pelvis.
01:17
This gives the impression that it is a newborn baby.
01:20
We looked at the teeth and, together with the anthropologists, established that they have a ‘nursing signal’.
01:25
This means that the child had already been nursed.
01:28
So the child is at least ten, eleven, twelve months old and was simply placed on the woman's stomach.
01:35
So what we have here is a carefully arranged picture that has certainly been deliberately created in this way.
01:45
The fact that this picture is constructed and that it is not just any burial, can be seen from the sequence in which the dead were put in.
01:52
First the two women with the children were put into the grave, then this woman with the toddler and finally this woman was laid across with the other child and this woman's legs were cut off. They were in the way.
2:07
And the legs were cut off with relatively great force, as if with a spade, so that this woman could be forced crosswise into the narrow pit.
02:17
They are all hocker burials, so that the picture is consistent.
02:19
As I said, the whole thing dates from around 3200, 3100 BC.
02:26
It is interpreted by colleagues as a sacrifice, possibly a sacrifice of women and children, to save the Salzmünde fortifications, because Salzmünde ended precisely between 3200 and 3100.
02:43
From the north, groups of funnel beakers - people whose ancestors had fled from the area around Salzmünde a few thousand years prior - came pressing in.
02:53
They had been hunters and gatherers.
02:57
When the Linear Pottery revolution arrived - people from the Near East - they went north and continued to live there.
03:01
And they became very strong economically and then pushed south again.
03:06
And these descendants of the Linear Pottery people, so to speak, are thus displaced and the last fortress they hold is the fortress of Salzmünde.
03:14
But it could also be a different scenario: We know that houses are repeatedly ritually burnt in Salzmünde and that this does not necessarily always have anything to do with war, and that this ritual burning of houses then ends in a burial ritual.
03:31
And it could be the same here: We have a layer of burnt clay from house walls at the bottom and, above it, huge quantities, hundreds of kilos of pottery in these so-called sherd-packed graves.
03:46
If we take a closer look at the skeletons, we see evidence of violence.
03:51
This one child here, which the lady is holding in her arms, this three-year-old child, was beaten to death on the skull.
03:59
We are seeing a massive impact.
04:02
What is also exciting and interesting: Down there we see the hamster that has crawled into the grave.
04:06
We have dated the hamster. Incidentally, it is Neolithic.
04:10
So what we have here is a Neolithic hamster.
04:13
Skull cult plays a role, as we can see from the fact that this woman and this child are missing their skulls.
04:20
The lower jaw of the child is still present.
04:23
Apparently something was done with the skulls, and we know that an extensive skull cult was practised in Salzmünde.
04:29
The skulls are lined up in the trenches of the settlement, and since these skulls come from different times, I once hypothesised that it could be a kind of skull house, like the skulls were kept in New Guinea, in a skull cult, and to create a kind of magical curtain against the enemies, the skulls of the ancestors were put up.
04:56
They ended up in the ditch.
04:59
What else is special?
05:02
The other special thing is that they are all somehow burnt, these bodies.
05:06
In other words, it may have something to do with this burning down of the house, with this ritual destruction and this rebuilding of the whole, in the grave, so to speak.
05:19
In other words, a destruction, a destruction like that which occurs in later cremations.
05:24
An incredibly interesting, rare and special find.
05:30
We have known of Salzmünde Group for almost 100 years.
05:35
However, the graves were mostly destroyed and not professionally excavated.
05:44
That was different when the A43 motorway was built.
05:47
This motorway construction has yielded fantastic archaeological finds from the Salzmünde earthwork.
05:51
This is just one of them, and I am glad that we were able to preserve it for the future.
05:57
I find it particularly impressive that we were also able to prepare the verso also, because there we were able to obtain very important information about the skull impact, the killing of the infant, for example, and this preparation was also important for the anthropologists, because you can always examine the whole thing in situ and it is much, much better than dismantling the grave.
Klassische Scheidung.
Herr Meller, der Held der Himmelsscheibe. zeigt wieder einmal wie Archäologie geht. Schöner Vorspann, kurz und prägnant. Danke :)
herr meller ich bin fasziniert von ihnen
Toll präsentiert, vielen Dank.
Sehe ich das richtig, dass die Schädel der Frauen auch eingeschlagen wurden? Mancher Schädel sieht jedenfalls so aus.
Bin ich der Einzige, dem so etwas trotz so einer langen Zeitspanne nahe geht?
Guter Beitrag ! Sind die Toten miteinander verwandt ? Wäre eine Gen-Analyse überhaupt möglich ?
Genetische Analysen sind möglich und wurden auch bereits durchgeführt. Die genetischen Analysen schließen Mutter-Kind-Beziehungen zwischen den beiden als »Paaren« arrangierten Skelettgruppen aus. Eine Verwandschaft zwischen zwei anderen Individuen ist möglich.
Genauere Informationen gibt es hier: www.researchgate.net/publication/323907359_Eine_Neunfachbestattung_der_Salzmunder_Kultur_am_eponymen_Fundplatz_Salzmunde