Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains Measurements
Вставка
- Опубліковано 26 чер 2024
- Did you know there are certain measurements that will never be completely accurate? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice dive into the minutiae of measurements in this original StarTalk video. Neil tells us why, for certain things, we will never be able to get their exact measurements. Find out about the kilogram and its recent change. We investigate the process of measuring the English coastline. And, you'll hear about the atomic clock - and Avocado's Number. (We know... just watch!)
Support us on Patreon: / startalkradio
Subscribe to StarTalk: ua-cam.com/users/startalk...
Follow StarTalk:
Twitter: / startalkradio
Facebook: / startalk
Instagram: / startalkradio
About StarTalk:
Science meets pop culture on StarTalk! Astrophysicist & Hayden Planetarium director Neil deGrasse Tyson, his comic co-hosts, guest celebrities & scientists discuss astronomy, physics, and everything else about life in the universe. Keep Looking Up!
#StarTalk #NeilDeGrasseTyson
0:00 - Intro
0:08 - How Tall Is Chuck?
1:34 - Atomic Clocks
2:52 - Can You Know Exact Measurements?
7:36 - The Real Weight Of A Kilogram
9:40 - Avogadro's Number
10:35 - Closing Notes - Наука та технологія
If Chuck answered "I'm exactly 1 Chuck Nice tall" that would be a perfect measurement, if you agree that Chuck itself is the ruler
Fantastic thinking
While your point is true there's only so many things that you can measure with a "chuck nice ruler". It's clever but not applicable to real life acts of measurement ;)
But that ruler changes its size so its not very useful
Well depends, if you use it as a ruler it has to be usable for comparisons, so it should have a fixed value. Do you take chuck nice's values in the morning? Night? Do you count hair? You can't even say "this is a chuck nice" if you don't decide in which instant to measure it, and if you measure Chuck Nice with that measure again in a different moment, the result is going to be different
It might help if you shaved and froze a Chuck Nice 😂
"How tall are you?"
Me: "One."
"One what?"
"One me."
Bingo!
But me taller.
But where are you between the O and the E
Exactly man
@@EvanMoon you sir.... Made my day loooooool
I love how Neil and Chuck interact in this show.
Me too
Rogério Costa it’s a little much sometimes. I cringe extremely hard. I just like the facts from Neil.
Yeah I’d say Chuck takes it a little bit too far sometimes. But they work pretty well together.
i dont..
Because they're drunk
Perfect argument for when you're pulled over for speeding.
police: +- Xm/s, you are still speeding with p value of 5%
@@oldcowbb there is always someone that doesn't understand sarcasm.
@@RobsKoiPond ironic
@Calisharp I think by saying his first comment he was adding to the comedic affect to the first joke.
@@oldcowbb Thanks Fisher.
Damn Chuck is really listening and learning.
Imagine working on this show and leaving empty handed.
Yes
He's not the only one.
That's pretty clear if you watch these to be honest.
He's not he's interrupting constantly
The chemistry between these two legends is just brilliant!
And the physics, too. 😉
As a total nerd, this is the episode I never knew I needed. So cool
True
We nerds will rule the world! we are kickass!
@SeanPrestonFed looool in high school one rugbier tried just that with me, he was 1.62 did not take into account I was 1.78 and my longer reach carried the day.
He should have come in force, that one
@@Kriegerdammerungrunning the world yet?
@@kinnymane8593 Have you heard of a board of bullies dominating us? I didn't
Amazing how the sentence "You cannot measure with unlimited precision" can be stretched into 11 minutes 21 second video... or is it 11.21227633848372727923849402827373....~? Hmm
@@MithamoKagume yeah but 1 second isn't ACTUALLY 1 second. It's supposed to be the rotation of earth around the sun, yadda yadda yadda, so you can't be precise with imperfect measurement in the first place
...Vsauce music in the distance
Right click, nerd stats... the 1080p video has 20194 frames, they can be counted. Displayed @30fps, that should take 673 and 2/15 seconds to play, by definition. Note, that doesn't mean it took 673 & 2/15 seconds to record, or to actually play....
@@jeremylakeman 1. Your monitor most likely doesn't display the perfect amount of fps
2. UA-cam has flaws and the framerate AND quality is wack
@@MithamoKagume That's good to know
This is like Morty discovering true level.
You deserve recognition sir
Lambs to the cosmic slaughter.
@@-Zer0Dark-LMAO stealing this
Thanks for this
@@mtfsamsara8668 Yes he does, and you too, you deserve some recognition for recognizing his recognition
"How much do you weigh?"
"..."
"...I've got a scale."
😂😂😂
Chuck knew how to zero out the scale way to easy. He's NEVER used one of those 🤣
@@mandreadfg the tare button exists on the vast majority of scales so i'm not sure what you're implying
Yeah, I'm in the weight spectrum.
@@La_sagne that Chucky boy rolls hella blunts
@@mandreadfg he claimed that he USED to in another Star Talk episode, but I'm sure if he still does he wouldn't admit to it
Neil: "Well, if you look at a tape measure: the mark that indicates 5'-10"...has a thickness."
Me: "Neil, stop."
SeedsOfHatred Vsauce just entered the chat.
Vsauce: "...or is it?"
@@ArKritz84 -- "It has a thickness...but what IS 'thickness'? ...And how much does it weigh? Vsauce, Michael here..."
SeedsOfHatred 😭
SeedsOfHatred *insert existential questioning Vsauce music*
Rest in peace measurement accuracy we will miss you
Accuracy is not precision, you can have one without the other.
Applies to both, rest in peace measurement precision too!!
Ibbe Abbas im dead 😂
1: babe you need to ask for directions.
2: no hun , I'm not exactly lost.
3. ????
4. PROFIT!
"As far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality." - Albert Einstein
Sounds more like something Werner Heisenberg would say. 😁
1:51
Tyson: "oh boy he's being smart" *rolls up sleeves*
Dr. Tyson, I love this show and I've read all your books. Thank you from Hampton Roads, Virginia
Why Neil has not had a major role in a sci fi movie is beyond me, he's bursting with character
The Kilogram is no longer defined by a silicon sphere.
Since May 20, 2019 it is defined using a special scale, for instance the Kibble balance, after the redefinition of the Plank constant to an exact value.
The silicon sphere was never actually used for the SI definitions. it was a contender along with the "watt balance" that won - basing the Kilogram off of the Planck constant, speed of light constant, second also a constant, so there's now no longer any ambiguity.
This video reminds me two things I learned in high school.
1) A point has no measurement. Our math teacher showed us how what we used to think it was a point was made by smaller points, etc.
2) On another subject we where tought how to make measurements whith different tools. We always had to had the estimated error depending on the tool we where using.
I always learn from Neil, so cool to be able to peek into the great minds of our time.
Imagine talking with Neil and you be like "Hey you're late!" And he be like "Am I?" *Hey Vsauce in distance start playing*
Nice!
Forgot "or"
Vsauce has already made a video on how big you can get, and what size is. What defines you? Your frame of your body or is it the essence of your smell or the visibility to another being?
Vsauce has also made a video on time.
9:39 this is just gold, I can't stop replaying this
Avocado's number🥑😂
Wait.... Is it the Avocado mistake?... Or the other thing? 😸
"ff you do not know your level of uncertainty your measurements are meaningless."Professor Walter lewin MIT
Flerfers and denyers of knowledge and experience of any degree, completely fails in understanding scale nor referens frame and deny the existance of their uncertainty. Their numbers are arbitrary and meaningless in any serious discussion..
UA-cam : Neil deGrasse Tyson explains < anything > .
Me : ok
Underrated...sorry I'ma reuse your comment
Blas you really shouldn’t because scientists are human and have biases and personal belief systems. That leads them to look at the facts that science gives and they interpret those facts based on their own agenda or on the agenda of the people paying for the research.
@@gregsmith5134 someone that actually thinking/reading between the lines.... what a breath of fresh air...
When ppl talk to me about "science"
I ask is it "sudo" and I also ask what is the difference between facts and theory?
Once that is cleared that up we can then have a meaningful, intellectual conversation about what these 'scientists' are trying teach... if you can call it that... personally I'd call it mislead but hey, what do I know🤷♂️
@@t8365 you should really search more about Neil though cause he doesn't mislead that much, he wants his students to be the scientists, not to follow his science
@@goncalobaia1574 Yep. Neil's only "agenda" is to get people interested in science and physics, so I tend to believe him. Of course anyone can make mistakes but he's not trying to mislead anyone.
Greatings from the Netherlands. Ik love listening and watching your show. Always learning.
This is easily one of the best channels on UA-cam.
I love this. A topic, a Deep dive, the spirit.
You guys are the perfect coupke to host videos like these. Thanks!
Just remember you measure from the base
I am now disappointed.
@AmplifiedSilence dick joke
And take into account the angle of the shaft
first thing u learn in a proper technical/scientific highschool is: every measurement has its associated TOLERANCE !
No one will believe me, but the EXACT day this video came out, I had an extremely similar random conversation with my classmates in my highschool American history class. Had the conversation during the last period of the day, went home, saw this video was posted. Still boggles my mind how this happened.
Dang, didn't know we perfected a kilo. Haven't heard about it in a while but I knew there was variance. I need to make it back to Star Talk more often. Keep it up!
"That's dope" - Chuck Nice on Measurements
This is basically what we’re doing in my Engineering Experimentation class LOL.
Great video! Will you make a video on other measurements also like arcminutes and arcseconds? Now i know why my electronic scale does not give me a good number there is a few kg difference many times, and it also depends where i place the scale.
Didn't know I needed to hear this conversation between Chuck and Neil. More like this please
Someone needs to make a standardized squigly line threshold where a certain amount of turns of the string within a certain area is defaulted to a straight line.
or a simple curve...?
MyTech But with how big of a radius?
Don’t buy weed from Neil... his scales are wack!
Underappreciated comment of the year !
😂😂😂
LS Starrett once said…. “Work to the tolerance specified. Not more. Not less.”
That won’t mean much to most folks in the audience, but any engineers or machinists are definitely familiar with that quote.
I’m not 100% sure that’s the exact wording he used. But if anyone would know it would be him.
Two things to remember: One is "Ray's Rule of Precision", and the other is a corollary to it. Ray's Rule is "measure with a micrometer, mark with chalk, cut with axe." And the corollary is "any string cut to a precise length is 1/8th of an inch shorter than you need".
I'm a normal kid but my classmates think I'm lame because all I'm watching is startalk HAHAHAHAHAH
They think your lame for furthering your education outside of school. You'll do great things if you keep your mind sharp brother.
@@brianharris2098 Thanks, but I think they get annoyed with me because I keep on giving trivias to them HAHAHAHAHHH
Don’t compare yourself to normal. Normal is the average and average is awfully stupid
Daniel Lariosa keep being yourself, don’t mind them if they say anything to annoy you
Stay bright and embrace your curiosity. A sharp mind needs books.
I thought that Neis was going to explaing how they mesure how far away a planet or star is.
Imagine if distances you can measure here on earth take this much work. For stars and planet it gets way harder, but parallax does the job with great precision. Then you verify with modern accurate techs like radar and interferometry. They match.
Esteban Ilabaca yeah, just like that, but how this techs equipment works and how accurate they are, should be a nice suggest for incoming videos.
@@matttaylor7563 I just explained that. Research parallax and triangulation. No assumtions. You can calculate distances that way. You can test it on your backyard. Also the tech I mentioned works even better and confirms parallax measurements. Research please.
@@matttaylor7563 not mine! That knowledge belongs to anyone willing to learn it. You could do it yourself. Go outside and use parallax on any far away object (a tree, a car, etc.). All you need is to observe the object from 2 different positions. Compare the results with another measurement to validate it. There you go..
Same ): I was disappointed he just overly explained something as simple as continuous vs discrete data.
This was a brilliant episode and what makes it even better is Chucks reaction when he realises how it all works. I may show this next year to my students in class to spice things up a little. What a great performance. I have watched it 3 times and I still enjoy it very much. I might need to forewarn or remind my students though what an ounce, foot/feet, inches, pounds are. You could always remind Chuck that all schools in the US now (since like 2001) in science classes must teach using SI (standard international units). I see the emotion of keeping imperial going but it still should be replaced gradually if we want to reach for the stars together. I doubt space x and others do any of their internal calculations in imperial these days.
Yeah, for a science guy, I'm a little suprised that Neil Degrasse Tyson doesn't use/reference the metric system more. Of course I understand he's targeting an American audience and he wants to make it accessible. That's cool. But still, it's a science-themed show, so he should mix in the SI units when appropriate as well. And it would help to familiarize his American viewers with those units.
I love this show! Thanks guys. Also, good choices on your guest hosts, most of the time. :-)
"You will always have a thickness"
- Neil Tyson c. 2020
"…In that Empire, the Art of Cartography attained such Perfection that the map of a
single Province occupied the entirety of a City, and the map of the Empire, the entirety
of a Province. In time, those Unconscionable Maps no longer satisfied, and the Cartographers Guilds struck a Map of the Empire whose size was that of the Empire, and
which coincided point for point with it. The following Generations, who were not so
fond of the Study of Cartography as their Forebears had been, saw that that vast Map
was Useless, and not without some Pitilessness was it, that they delivered it up to the
Inclemencies of Sun and Winters. In the Deserts of the West, still today, there are
Tattered Ruins of that Map, inhabited by Animals and Beggars; in all the Land there is
no other Relic of the Disciplines of Geography." Jorge Luis Borges
Adam Savage has frequently mentioned that his first epiphany in measurement was "which side of the line are you measuring to?" or something to that effect. Fun Fact: the kerf of a typical flush-cut saw is thinner than the line markings on a typical measuring tape.
I actually had to rewind "avocado's number" to confirm that Neil had deliberately misspoken. Chuck, take note: that's what funny sounds like.
Nice job countering with the atomic clock Chuck. A Nice contribution to the conversation.
6:33 I thought he was going to talk about Zeno's paradox here.
You are correct in expecting a discussion of Zeno's paradox, since this essentially boils down to wether or not Space/Time is quantized or not, which is a problem in physics currently since Space/Time needs to be quantized in order for objects to successfully traverse from A to B, yet it needs to be infinite for Black holes to work.
Personally I think it's obvious that Zeno's paradox or the Archers paradox clearly tells us that Space/Time is quantized, and that the infinities produces by Einsteins field equations simply resolve in some other real space (i.e. 0-space).
Infinitely divisible space/time is just ridiculous.
StarTalk always makes me doubt everything I have ever learned but also reassures me that its ok to not know it
Really enjoy watching, listening, learning and laughing with Neil and Chuck. Thank you for sharing your friendship, laughter, and knowledge with me and the world.
Best Show Ever!!!
You a handyman?
I’ve just started reading Hawking’s History of Time and this is exactly what he’s been explaining for the first two chapters. This video made me understand all the important points in less than 5 minutes
I actually had to read some papers trying to understand some of the concepts from the book, tho it wasn’t much work and I enjoyed it :)
Neil gotta weed scale. That’s where all them deep queries come from. 😂
Chuck knew exactly how to use it too 🤣🤣
They both might be old enough to remember actually using hands to measure weed . 2 finger bag anyone???
😂😂😂😂😂🤦🏾
What if we measured on the plank scale? I can’t remember how to spell his name correctly... wouldn’t that be the most precise measurement physically possible?
This.
Plank length is the smallest possible measuring stick. Using this, it is possible to finitely and specifically determine the exact length of something. There are other similar smallest measuring sticks for other measurement types.
I was thinking that as well, eventually with any type of measurement you will reach the Planck scale
Agreed. I was just about to post this, when I got to my senses and scrolled down to check, so I pasted it here instead:
except there's a thing called the Planck length - the smallest agreed upon length by physicists that is possible in our universe.
Subatomic particles seem to be bound by it. So for a perfect measurement in our universe, measuring in Plancks would suffice.
.. would be impractical to actually try and do this for a coastline, but still
Correct, however, you will find physicist being rather vague or non-specific on this topic due to the fact that it's unclear wether or not Space/Time is quantized or infinite, i.e. wether or not there is a planck-limit.
It clearly needs to be quantized in order for objects to successfully travel from point A to B, Yet it needs to be infinite in order for Black Hole physics to work.
Personally I think infinite space/time is a clearly ridiculous idea, and that everything intuitively works when you genuinely consider the infinities produced by Einsteins field equations (i.e. Black Holes) as being literal ruptures in our quantized Space/Time.
Car Audio.etc That will only create new problems.
How do you measure anything when everything is movin around like a mad man?
Also the scale differences are huge. Think about measuring earth-sun distance using millimetres.
I included Neil in my latest video about 5 people whose way to speak English makes me love the language (as a non-native speaker) even more.
I love the way this guy speaks!
His parlance is so clear
@Dr.Tyson do you mean to say even planck distance is not an accurate measurement? Is there variations in Planck distance too!!!
I'm having flashbacks to college physics forgetting to round to the correct significant figures...
And how do you decide where the coastline is, when waves are constantly changing it?
There’s no need for a tiny level of precision in coastline measurement, or even that small, so it’s mainly a theoretical discussion.
@AmplifiedSilence as you wish sire. Lets do so. Sending the recquired notifications now.
Mind blowing knowledge! 🤯 Love listening to you guys! 👍🏽 👍🏽 👍🏽
Im a CNC machinist. Once in a while the part is so precise we take the temperature into consideration. The part measures differently at 70 degrees than it does at 80.
The great comedian Steven Wright said, " I have a map of the United States. Actual size. Last year I folded it."
I don't get the joke. Please explain
@@princeofallnegros4035it doesn't make sense to have a map which is actual to the size of a territory, by definition the map is a mini representation of that surface
@@princeofallnegros4035Yeah, a little obscure on my part. First, Stevens cadence (and his type of comedy) sells the joke, but I was attempting to show how people use and see scale and measures. Unfortunately, my sense of humor doesn't always work.
"you're making me not believe in maths" yeah same
"maps"
but point taken. Lol
@@osamabinslangn6619 lol
maps*
Osama Bin ladin gaandu
When you realize that Mathematics are in fact an axiom. You will know the truth.
9:39 so adorable the way Niel grabs Chucks finger ^^
There are great videos on fractals that discuss this coastline-measurement problem.
I'm exactly 5'10" down to the plank length.🤪
I'm 2'11 😆
Planck. It's okay though 😅
amazing man.. neil is the best i already read so many books from neil.. i love his way to express and see the world.. is so unique.!!
I've been watching his videos for about a week. My whole life changed, i don't see the world the same way. It's amazing
so miah.....so can you really see what insignificant vermin we humans are in the universe??????
What a pair of characters, love it!
It’s called the coastline paradox.
Yes my PhD mentor ignited this scale of measurements and the problems in 2004 when I was recording RAMP rate and temperature in thermal cycler in PCR reactions.
This show is amazing... I used to be interested in this stuff when i was younger but then life happened lol and i forgot all about it and that i would feel stupid bkus alot of times the people i watched on it didnt elaborate and explain to me in the way yous are but i understand yous and i dont feel confused.lol yous are awesome and so so smart and funny!💯❤
Damn atomic clock 😂🤣
I think what he meant is like the question, "how many dots are in a line?" Infinite conceptually, but physically we first need to measure a quanta. If String Theory is correct that is. Precision of a circle is in fact infinite but that's why we have calculus to understand infinities.
Another interesting fact is how we measure something. Which fundamental force was used to measure it? It's usually the electromagnetic force but there is also Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and quantum non-locality which will always leave us to "decide" at some scale.
As a global science channel, why do you insist on using imperial units? Everything scientific, NASA and military uses metric. While you are at that, dates go Day/Month/Year
I'm pretty sure dates go Month/Day/Year here because people in America say it that way, such as saying today is March 3rd, 2020 rather than the 3rd of March, 2020.
@@SlickMcClick Don't wanna imagine how you would write "half past ten" with that logic. 30:10 maybe?
Only dates are ordered like that. Month/Day/Year still makes sense unlike Minute/Hour
A few years ago you came to our planetarium in Prestonsburg,Kentucky and I had bought a ticket to see you but got sick a couple of days earlier and didn’t get to visit with you. I really hated that but I watch yo on you pod casts and star talk. Love learning.
I cannot believe it. I have been thinking about this question for years! Thank you for helping my sanity.
“American non-drug dealer”...hmmm
1st... I MEAN it!!!
when you're 15 seconds too late
Now I get it why I couldn't get the correct size of StarTalk merchandise t-shirts.
These videos are so amazing they should be compulsory in any high school syllabus. Wait... compulsory? No, I meant recommended.
36-24-36
Only if she’s 5’3.
The old playboy standard, eh? Tons of playmates are 5’3-5’5 because a big cup size at that height looks even more massive.
At 5:20 - We can measure the circumference of Colorado because it has square sides... Hence a perimeter of Colorado can be measured whereas circumference refers to measurements of round things.
Ahhh... the good ole' days when we could share moist air with each other.
I've been digging into the archives so to speak and re-watching episodes and explainers. This one is a favorite.
When chuck mentioned the atomic clock, Neil wasn't ready for that, he literally had to look for a way to explain it, to get time to relate both, Neil asked chuck when he was told, while chuck was talking neil worked on ways to make chuck understand both and was ready to explain it once chuck was done talking, absolutely brilliant.
Keep looking up! That’s cool.
He is talking about "least count" of a measurement right.
But the way he explains it is amazing 👍
My favourite UA-cam channel.
This is cool never thought of it that way
Love you guys !!! Keep up the good content 🚀💪🏽🌌
Understanding that a measurement is only a measurement is a big step in understanding the world and nature/universe . Money, time, area, data, lengths, power, pressure, speed, temperature, weight, volume are only measurements; however, people get hung up on them and forget/don’t get what they’re measuring, and what they’re really for.. (only a tool)
Chuck nice is living proof of the company you keep mattering a great deal. Dude has legit started to think differently and shown more intelligence to the point of being comfortable in a conversation with scientists.
I expect to have my mind blown by Neil, yet here I am revisiting my first lecture for my intro to chemistry class.
Coastlines are way more complex examples, as coastline length doesn't approach some number with increased precision, it's likely to approach infinity as you increase the resolution. As Chuck correctly mentioned - it's a kind of fractal. It has a fractal dimension that describe how coastline length changes with the ruler length. The whole "agreed upon" thing is especially important here, as you could get basically any length you want depending on the ruler length.
Just a FYI
Mr. Tyson is correct when he says that all measurements are imperfect. There is a degree of uncertainty in every measurement. So we express those measurements as the measurement with the amount of uncertainty added to it. Uncertainty of a measurement is done by a statistical analysis of things that can affect the measurement such as temperature, the person making the measurement, the manufacturers stated tolerance of the measuring device, etc. The end result is, instead of one single measurement, a range of measurements that the "true" measurement is likely to lie. We then also use a confidence interval to state the odds that the measurement wiill occur at any particular point within this range.
I’ve actually referred to different point on a pencil line when cutting materials in precision. “ 45 and a half ‘leave the line’” would mean to cut on the side of the mark so that the finished piece would still have the full line visible. Or conversely, “cut the line” meant to cut the line all the way off so it is not visible on the finished piece. And lastly “right down the middle”. He absolutely correct!!
Measure twice cut once
A whole episode on the accuracies of measurement and not one reference to genitalia, nicely done ✅
Neil DeGrasse Tyson is so amazing at putting things into perspective and explaining things in a common sense way.
The way to correctly state the result of a measurement is to say a value +/- an error. For example, 12.5 +/- 0.1 Kg.
This information, if the measurement and the error were correctly assessed, means 12.4 < W < 12.6 Kg.
You know Chuck has really learned something if he can remember them from few episodes back.
I brought this same concept up to a teacher once and she told me I was wrong. So here’s another problem, how do you measure some one as right or wrong? If you have 3 people and 1 person has “evidence” that proves a “fact” but the other 2 don’t believe its valid evidence, is the 1 person right or wrong? A fact is a fact regardless if anyone has evidence for it or not because objective truth is independent of anyone’s belief. A truth is a truth whether we are aware of it or not; but if no one accepts the evidence as evidence then no one will label a fact as a fact.
29 and 30 are both stable isotopes of silicon. Although we can count the number of atoms in the sample, the ratio of 29-Si to 30-Si will still vary from sample to sample unless we can purify one of the isotopes. Ultimately, I think this difficulty led to the Watt balance definition of the kilogram using the Planck's constant definition. There are also minimum levels of other trace elements.
I’m a trained geospatial intelligence professional and I absolutely love this topic. Squiggly Lines!!!!