"Why is language so hard for autistic children?" Joy Hirsch, PhD.
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- Опубліковано 24 лип 2024
- Little is known about how the brains of autistic children differ from those of other children. In this talk, Joy Hirsch, Professor of Psychiatry and Neurobiology at Yale School of Medicine, describes groundbreaking research showing that children with autism have deficiencies in their ability to understand language. She posits that this difference in language processing may be one of the first biological markers of autism.
Joy Hirsch is a Neuroscientist who has made pioneering breakthroughs in understanding the workings of the human brain. She was one of the early developers of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which enables the visualization of the individual brain structures that are engaged during specific tasks such as language, as well as specific perceptions such as vision and hearing, and specific emotions. She is currently a Professor at Columbia University where she is the Director and founder of the university-wide Functional MRI Research Center, and has been recently recruited to Yale University to head a new Brain Function Laboratory. Her research has focused on understanding the relationships between the mind, brain, and behavior, and the translation of these advances to medical applications. With her students and colleagues, she has developed an imaging diagnostic for autism, and discovered neural mechanisms associated with over-eating behaviors, anxiety disorders, and addictions. In addition to these clinical applications, her basic research has made fundamental contributions to understanding the neural basis for learning a second language, and how emotion-sensitive systems in the brain influence cognitive and executive systems during decision-making. Professor Hirsch has published over 120 peer-reviewed scientific papers and chapters, is a popular world-wide lecturer on the brain, and served as a curator for the 2010-2011 Brain Exhibit at the American Museum of Natural History. She was awarded the prestigious Gamow Science prize in 2009 for her accomplishments in science and was one of the five women scientists featured in the 2011 World Science Festival.
As a 33yr old man with autism I can say we are not always broken or handicap. Maybe handicap in a civilized world but not in nature. We are more animalistic humans with special skills. We are more focused on one thing at a time and more aware of things others miss while we miss the things you find important.
John Phillips- Oliveras would you say your conscious perception and orientation to the world is not as readily moulded, defined and restricted by the more “regular” social, intellectual and cultural value systems that fundamentally structure the majority of people’s perceptual consciousness of the world?
Yes.. you are very good in specifiques task.. its very hard to understand.. it has passed 7 years?? No answers 🥲
That’s interesting, but out of context therefore little misleading. First, if it is true that you are a 33 year old with autism and wrote this, then you have what is called in medicine High Functioning Autism, which is much less severe than “normal” autism. Second, to say that you are more animalistic humans with special skills doesn’t really hold merit, why? First, if by special skills you mean able to do high level math or play the piano or hold “photography memory”, then this would be called Aspergers, where you’re social skills lack and hold true to an autism diagnosis, but an specific skill exceeds that of a “normal” brain, but again, this isn’t a typical autism case, is a different type of autism. And the more aware of things that others missed is a symptom found in people with Aspergers or OCD, maybe even anxiety, but not autism in itself, unless if it is co-o current to another disease wrote above. Having Autism doesn’t necessarily make you handicap or broken, I agree with that you said there 100%, but we cannot be ignorant to facts, it does make you different, just like being blind or having glasses ales you different from a 20-20 eyesight. The second we ignore facts to accommodate a false sense of“fairness”, is the second we create more problems than answers. Stay well and God bless, if your claim is true then I pray you keep doing the good work and surpass yourself everyday.
@@DD-nt8uj What did you just type? 😅 As a doomer I see something in your comment that goes against my perception of the "so called" intellectual collective.
@@blumen9724 hi Blumen could you explain a little more what point you are making?
My son had a severe speech delay as a child, today you would never know ❤
I have heard many people on the internet share stories similar to yours. I am hoping and praying that my five year old will one day be able to express himself well. We have gotten him in an IEP and are doing speech therapy and occupational therapy as well. He really doesn’t say much more other loosely repeating children’s songs and sometimes mocking my wife and I.
Did you use ASL until he started speaking? Mine literally started speaking using college level words.
Are they autistic or it was just a speech delay?
My now 13 yr old NEVER was unable to express himself DESPITE being non-verbal until at 7yrs old he CLEARLY AND PERFECTLY SPOKE to me " Momma, I no longer want to sign. I want to speak, can I start talking instead of signing". Naturally I almost fell to the floor because 7 YEARS he was FLUENTLY using ASL to tell me about his deep inner world. The Deaf world guided my son to his power. NOT the hearing/ speaking, NOT the audiologist, NOT the Speech therapist, NOT the doctors, NOT the nutritionists. PLEASE stop sleeping on the Deaf population they can get your kid understood THEN you can reason with him/her and help them fix their struggles. If anyone wants to ask my son questions I will gladly ask him and report back his answers.
What comes first? Language or socialisation? Most of the time, frustration of not being able to process incoming and outgoing language leads to stress which manifests in lack of (or blocking) socialisation. The ones who found language, improve on their socialisation skills almost immediately .... but not vice versa. Having said that, it's such a wide spectrum that one can't answer in black and white.
I think language is first.. the lack of language decrese socialisation!🥲 🥲
First socialisation
Language
Just your average..you are very lucky you can speak..my son 18 yrs old is a non verbal.autistic..I.hope someday he can speak.. my dream..even speak a liitle..i will.be very happy if that happen..very difficult parenting autistic child.. God bles.u!!! And Thanks for sharing for the informative..video..
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Did he learn to read ? If yes then how ? Please share .
Q: Why is language difficult for children with autism?
A: 12:45
skip to 12:55
Logan Moises thank you for noticing this what are your thoughts on it.
Great talk. I would love to see research on bi-lingual ASD kids. We decided to use English as our sole home language, our son made great improves in language use afterward. We moved him from the German to American school system and he receives excellent support through an IEP (SLP, ABA, Spec. Ed.). I've always felt there was some physical or chemical dysfunction in his brain for language reception as his ability to mimic or remember phrases is uncanny. Also, his math and music abilities are beyond his 6 yrs. Once he had a firm grasp of a mother language, his German improved to some degree. Also, the DSM-IV is still used in Germany. They are years behind in ASD treatment and support.
What about written form of language? Or even computer programming, could he see written language almost like software programming language, like a puzzle to take his time to solve?
@@alexandeon I am a high functioning Autistic, yeah I see written language somewhat same as you explained.
I am pretty sure it is not the way my family members or oter neurotypicals see.
I just learned that not using a language that was designed by others before an autistic person was even born can actually be a choice. It makes sense. What we humans call language has its limitations and those limitations make language less suitable for and hence not necessarily liked much by autistic people.
There are many more ways to communicate. Maybe autistic people are much more aware of that than you and I, so they may feel that they have more options and can choose.
(I am starting to think that they may experiment more whereas the rest of us put up with what we're told to do. Want an example that may help? Physicist Richard Feynman used his own math symbols etc until he reached a point that it became more practical to adjust and use the math language that others were using, but up to that point, his own method had served him fine.)
Read my comment and come talk to me. I don't have my research compiled in one location but HI
Thank you for uploading this.
It is not that children with ASD have difficulty with language receptive processing rather they have difficulty in earlier right brain subcortical emotional (afffective) co-regulated isocial-emotional reciprocity nteractions. As the child's HPA axis (our stress response system which dynamically connects into the autonomic nervous system, parasympathetic ventral vagus calm or conversely fight, flight or freeze) the auditory/prosodic processing of others' language communication is either more or less smoothly registered and regulated or in a state of physiological hypervigilance, dysregulated. It is NOT that wernicke's area is blocking coding of language reception(i.e., coding deficiences) but rather these so-called, deficient coding mechanisms (are much more fluid) and become much more effiicient and smoothly operational as the synaptic connections begin to re-wired much more effeciiently with respect to increase interoceptive feelings by the child of "internal relational safety" (reduced hypervigilance, manifested in terms of either overarousal or underarousal).
This is why we now understand that many of the same areas of auditory atttunment or disatttunment; flat affective facial/visual connection or animated straiated facial visual, auditory/prosodic connectedness (again we are talking about the ventral vagus), we see very similar if not identical patterns (areas of brain affected) with those who suffer from moderate to severe complex PTSD. One is due to constitutional etiologies (ASD) the otehr due to emotional-trauma both areas are identically affected to more or less extents.
Sensory overload causes pain which activates threat detection and management patterns. Threat detection and management patterns inhibit affective empathy. Affective empathy is the building block for social learning before analytical theory of mind.
Don’t tell him/her to calm down. The connection to PTSD is real. People with PTSD have difficulty with social interaction, become withdrawn and isolated. Autism and our faulty disability model cause the early manifestations of PTSD in developing children and shut down social systems, trapping the individual in an early stage of development, repeating pain management strategies in loops, locking the prefrontal cortex. Until we understand that we need need to construct an entirely different culture/environment for these children to flourish we will continue to see tragic outcomes which further reinforce false perceptions of innate deficits.
Autism as a trait distinct from intellectual disability does not inhibit language learning. It is the interaction between autism and the earliest environmental conditions which produce language delay.
That’s difficult for parents to hear because it does reaffirm some responsibility, but it’s the truth. What we think of as a more sensory friendly environment is only a slightly less traumatizing environment. There is a kind of environment waiting to be discovered in which normative minds are impaired and autistic ones are hyper functional. The focus should be on adapting parts of our culture rather than adapting autistic minds to fit the culture we already have.
I see so many videos of frustrated parents on the verge of emotional detachment, videotaping their low functioning children as they are in serious distress. All while bright light is shining through uncovered windows, while intense colors are all over decorations across the house.
Babies with ASD can’t speak for themselves, so they are traumatized horribly before they even have a chance to ask for help. Early detection and radical environmental modification is the future.
I wish you had gone more in depth about the encoding deficiency in Wernicke’s area!
Hi.. thanks for the awsome information! How can I have access to the articles that were published? I have a son who is on soectrume and I want to be an educated mom to better handle the situation. Tanx.
I'm on the spectrum and I didn't really have much difficulty with language. I had more difficulty with reading a book and understanding what I was reading. I could read it sometimes 4 or 5 times and still not get it. It is like this most people on the spectrum are excellent in some things and in others things we are very lously.
You seem to have 'dyslexia'!!!
Lauren Marzlock same here
@@mamunurrashid5652 What she means is that although she could read all the words in the text she was not taking in what was happening in the story, and she did not understand what characters were really up to.
@@alastairhopkins245 Language has its limitations. Why is an apple apple and green green? Who decided that the color green should not be called blue? Why is a door a door and not a window? When you take one such word and repeat it a lot, it can start to sound like complete gibberish. Ever tried that? (No, am not autistic, but am trying to learn more about autism.)
Thats not autistic. Neurotypical people are like this too. But whatever makes you feel special
My daughter is 9 and completely non-speaking. She can vocalize but does not even engage in echolalia I always wonder what her receptive language skills are like and how does she process information without using verbal language. Is it a chicken or an egg with language and social skills? Does the language impairment affect the social interaction? That is my hypothesis as these children develop they just do not process language the same way that typically developing children do which then inhibits their later social interaction. I wish I could convince a neuro to give her a PET scan to see if her Broca's region and Wernicke's region are damaged or not receiving enough signals. I don't think there is a disconnect between the front and back of the brain, my daughter has "normal" hearing. One thing I also suspect is that there was a teratogenic mutagen I was exposed to during the prenatal period which caused some alteration to the proteins in the brain which changed the way that her brain signals interact. My daughter was dx'd before she was 3 but I suspected she was autistic by the age of 17 months because she was not imitating language. I just hope that by the time my daughter is 15-16 we can use the collected information to develop further interventions to help her have a higher functioning level as an adult.
She vocalizes but otherwise does not have speech? She may been having some motor difficulties, this article may resonate: www.communicationdevelopmentcenter.com/articles/speech.pdf
Natalie Daniels Does she vocalize at all.
Natalie Daniels the guy above that told you to go to 12.55 on this video is that she's saying it's in the Wernicke section of the brain. Which means it could be a simple B1 deficiency.
If your child is vocalizing listen very carefully repeat what they say serving return is very important for their brain synapses. Make videos and try to decode what she's saying and respond to them with her. Ask other people if they hear anything that she saying. You've been taught to ignore her vocalizations by people like the ABA she might be mumbling she might be singing find out what she is talking about if she's talking about anything at all repeated and enforce it write it down if it's ABC write it down and reinforce it.
Natalie Daniels Did she learn to read ? If yes , then how ?
Next time please please please continue to show the slides
My son is autism,he has adificul in speaking fluently,he can save number and quran ,and also now all street in my country and district,how can ihelp him to improve him self😭
Same. When did ur son start talking?
thank you
Where are the slides???
How does Pineal gland and pituitary gland plays role in developing or affecting in speech regardless of having atypical and typical austism?
Thanks for the processing specifically the north and south nodes ^_^
Great talk! The presentation could have been a bit more concise though.
Thanks
For what it's worth, I would much prefer silence to the constant interruptions in the form of uh's and ahem's, etc. I understand the need to formulate sentences and gather thoughts in your head, but for some people it is impossible to listen to someone who cannot utter a sentence without a few of these fillers tossed in. It completely ruins thought flow and thus I had to abandon ship early. Very interesting research though!
Dani68ABminus I totally agree with you,it’s more than just annoying
Dani68ABminus agreed. It was very difficult to make it through this smh
I it is very annoying specially when you are with a neurotypical family and you are the only one Autistic.
That is the reason why I most of times keep my mouth shut even though I have accurate details more better perception than others.
A HIGHLY INFORMATIVE VIDEO, MY DAUGHTER 8 YEARS OLD, APPRECIATES MUSIC BETTER THAN MYSELF THOUGH SHE LACKS VERBAL COMMUNICATION SUBSTANTIALLY.MUSICOPHILIA , A BOOK BY RENOWNED NEUROLOGIST , OLIVER SACKS ALSO SUBSTANTIATIES THE BETTER MUSIC PROCESSING CAPABILITY OF AUTISTIC & OTHER BRAIN INJURED PERSONS
I believe Noam Chomsky's ECP also draws on the relationship between linguistic processing, and autism.
Slides please
TED talks are renowned for lack of good camera skills
? How many moms took an antibiotic before giving birth because of a vaginal bacteria being present? The lack of these natural germs is thought by some researchers to keep the brain from a natural brain synapses trimming. Just curious! Thanks!
Language is developed late enough that this doesnt make sense as a causal mechanism, especially if this part of the brain works normally for other inputs. There was a video on add/adhd that was suggesting it was "caused" by not "learning" to stop and process information however it seems more likely that natural dopamine deficiency (too many reuptake receptors) is the cause of that as opposed to high level learned processes being core to a genetic disability
Language comes first but speaking is what is difficult. Teach your kid ASL which IS NOT English therefore easier.
@@michellef520 actually i have autism myself. My point was that the thing people care about enough to label as a symptom can easily result from something much more fundamental. Its kind of like suggesting that a blind person would be able to read paper and ink books if only someone had taught them
@@michellef520 and my point about adhd was that a lack of interest can be confused with or result in a lack of proficiency as the skills that tend to be lacking are just relatively boring to initially develop with very delayed payoffs
skip to 12:54 for the answer to "Why"
New Chap thank you!!🙄 lol
Interesting. I noticed a couple of comments pointing to this. Here’s the thing...
What she states here is patently untrue. I find it fascinating how often the so-called experts in this field seem to forget about the “spectrum” part, seeing as they’re the ones who gave it that bloody label! She’s only considering part of the spectrum when she states that it’s “intrinsic to the autistic brain,” and I am living proof that she is wrong.
When I was about one year old I was recognizing letters and trying to figure out words in the storybooks being read to me. I was reading extremely early, and by the time of kindergarten, I could imitate the behavior of NT 5 year olds well enough to socialize. So of course those “diagnostic milestones” were never even considered in my case. When I was 10, my mom brought me to a child psychologist because I wouldn’t shower. In 1979, the sensory processing issues in autism were not well understood and Dr Asperger’s work was still a decade away from being translated. I wasn’t diagnosed until my thirties. I’m 51 now.
I know I’m going on and on here. All this... basically to say that this lady needs to get some people like me in her fMRI machine and study that whole other side of the spectrum that this talk completely neglects.
stvbrsn my twin sister at a young age was the same. There needs to be an objectification and reconsideration of the importance that is place upon “typical milestones”. These milestones are typical for people who develop emotionally, intellectually, psychologically and behaviourally within these predetermined confines of the “round hole” we are all *expected* to grow into. It really lacks consideration for those that are otherwise considered to be the “square pegs”... the question that needs to be asked is: what if the problem or deficiency is actually the “round hole” that needs to be deconstructed and redefined, and not the “square peg”?
Raising s child is like raising a rose garden. Onl if you do lots of things correctly in the correct sequence, will the garden grow beautiful. Any error and the roses will die outvor look ill.
1. By three months old, you need to get your baby accustomed to lying on the cot/pushchair and communicate with you without being held.
2. By four months, the first solid food ( pureed vegetables, no sugar!) freshly nade, should replace one of breepastfeeds.
3. By 5 months, the second meal of solids ( porridge or cottageccheese with egg yolk) shouuld replacecanother breastfeeding meal.
4. By 6 months, 3 meals a pre solids and 2 meals are breast.
7. By 7 months, the baby is comfortable playing on his own on the floor, eating vatiety of tastes and is not given a bottoe for water any mire, only cup or spoon drinking.
8. By 8 months, the baby should be a floor inhabitant of your household, crawling, reaching, learning the word STOP, NO.
9. By 9 months, 1 breast meal is left and three solids, with meat, purees go, replaced by normal pieces-like food. The baby must sleep through the night. This is achieved by filling meal before bed.
10. By 12 months, the toddler eats with the family at a table in a high chair, eats exactly the same as everybody else, just without hot sauses, and already has havits of obedience: does not take anything from the table until asking by kesture or voice and given permission.
I HAVE YET To meet even one mum of autistic child who did this during the first year. None of them did that! Their roses are spoilt before giving the first leaves!
Wspaniała kobieta.
She said that there is no under-connectivity. Seems there's sufficient research to show that there is.
source?
@@cnw3903
Notice this talk was about 8 years ago, so much more has been discovered since then.
This video is extremely brief, where she mentioned MRI Scans, one of the tasks done is seeing the difference between how the brain responds to their special interest in comparison to social cues. When autistic children saw an image of their interest there was great activation in multiple brain regions including those involving language.
If they saw a social cue, things didn't activate very well. It was vice versa with nonautistic people, nonautistic brains were more activated by social cues than their interest.
It's been seen when you allow an autistic person to have a one way conversation about their interest with you, they have greater vocabulary, are more enthusiastic, make more eye contact, stimming reduces, anxiety reduces.
Some schools have integrated their interests into the lesson. A child interested in space was given a book about space to read as homework instead, as a result, they found within 2 months she progressed in reading by 18 months and had more language.
There's more linked than what's mentioned in this video. Autistic brain have less dopamine, dopamine is required for learning, attention and memory. Their special interest produces dopamine giving them the dopamine required to learn.
Ask yourself, did you find it easier to remember and learn about the things you like?
Do you pay more attention to the things you like?
I can safely assume yes, that's because you're dopamine levels rise when you do what you're interested in, so your learning, attention and memory all rise.
Ive heard research quoted that there can be fewer connections, fewer global but more local, or fewer local but more global (i think) so it could just be that if you average those out average for the group is normal even though you measured 3 groups with outlier scores
And every person on the spectrum is also unique from other on the specctrum.so u can not generalized the things on the every person with autism.
Im here to understand my own autism
In order to interpret the meaning of words correctly, both listener and speaker must have some kind of collective consciousnessUnfortunately, for each autistic person itself has is unique way of thinkingDue to the reason above, autistic would have the tendency to use the words that are not regularly usedeven sometimes, due to the condition is too unique, it can not use words to express their feelings or thoughtEven autistic people find the words to express themselves,Due to their processing method is different from social expectationsIt requires listeners to pay attention to what they are talking about for certain period of timeFor my experience, in most circumstances listener would not have (or not willing to spend) enough time to understand what autistic people are talking about, some people even think that it was nonsenseAs I am an autistic, I have to admit that autistic itself need to speak it's opinion to the worldBut, most importantly society needs to LISTEN !
Are autistic people generally better with written form of language?
power215s I knew it! Thank you for your words! I'm doing my best to learn how to listen.
@@alexandeon I'm a Senior, and never diagnosed.
I had Speech Tx, in K and 2/3? of 1st. Grade. (I'm a "Lefty" that's 98% Right-handed.)
After severe Nazi Narcopath induced "c-PTSD," my mild Dysgraphia (Writing) was as 💥 Out of the Water, as my Bocca Region! - And entire Brain seemed to be.
Before EMDR. (4 PTSD) Which only helped some. But, Tamed about 50% of the Worst Trauma, the 1st. time, rather Miraculously!
It's too damn Slow to have wasted a year on it though, otherwise.
My speech was so tangential - with 60+ Years of memory 💥and barely there. And, I couldn't write, at all.
My li'l 'adhd' seemed aggravated, as did my few, but, long suspected Asperger's? "overlaps" - all exacerbated! + some OCD.
I understand I have an "expressive" issue, as per a Speech Therapist. ... And, even problems with "Echoism" - where your words disappear ... or, gets Terrorized out of you!
I thought I'd overcome all that! Good eye contact developed, I was* reasonably outgoing.
It's different than "select mutism" - kind of??
Which I recall x 2, as a kid.
Probably, those 2 - 2nd Grade girls that were Bullies! Was 1.
We are not broken, we are different. Nothing is "broken in the brain".
stop being politically correct.
@@vice2versa
But, we’re not. I don’t need to be PC when talking about MY Autism.
@@happypiano4810 your autism is not the same as another autistic person, so you can only speak for yourself due to the variation
@@kuzianmak8480
Am I not speaking for myself here?
@@happypiano4810 I was referring to the 'We' in the 1st part of your sentence. For quite a good number of autistics it can be quite debilitating, and they have to rely heavily on others throughout life
I wonder why it is that it's hard to talk when you're upset.
A prime example of circular logic. Language is hard for autistic childrem because only children for whom language is difficult are labeled autustic!
Language is not difficult, it's how people use it. YOU don;t say what you mean, or mean what you say. You don;t keep to the rules of language. You use vanities a very large amount I like suspect, clearly spoken elegant language use. Not ostentatious, but elegant in the sense that it;s all meaningful and not filler. of the time. Plus, much of the time you spend talking is pointless.
This seems more like a result of bad early socialization than a direct symptom considering it processed music normally. Something else must be causing language to be an unrewarding skill
mother.
Always treatment and not prevention. Money money money
Autism is not a disease; the only prevention therefore is murder. If autistics were allowed to be who they are, instead of being forced to endure the discomfort and exhaustion of pretending to be just like however the people around us are, there would be less burnout, meltdowns, etc. and we'd be just as productive and healthy as neurotypicals. We'd just go about it a bit differently, in a way that works for us. Like left-handed people being allowed to be lefties, instead of being forced into the unnatural-for-them use of their right hand because of some absurd superstition that left-handedness is "of the devil". *smh*
I love my autistic grandson. In Georgia it is considered a mental disease and Aba and other expensive therapies and businesses have grown around this one in fifty boys who have it are not covered by insurance. Every avenue should be looked into to having healthy children. It is true once a child goes into or is born with autism we should support and love them but their life would be better if it had not happened so instead of money and treatments like the 1960’s March of Dimes let’s put effort into prevention. And for autistic people who have answered I’m for your best life. Much love.
Aren’t you interested in the cause of autism? I am 67 and autism has increased. Why?
Autism has "increased" because it was always there and just now being identified (and still largely misunderstood) by the neurotypical majoity.
Autism is genetic. It's simply a difference in brain wiring. It's like having two computers with different operating systems; they'll both run whatever programs you want, but their build -- the different components and amount-of, etc. -- means each will run some types of program better than others.
They're both still computers. Just wired different. Maybe one has a better graphics card, but the other has more RAM and happens to be in an area with a faster internet-connection. Where one shines, the other is weak, and vice versa.
Still, again, both are good computers, but maybe one is being made to run a program it's not designed for.
What if every one child in fifty had cancer? Would you want to know why? Would you say it’s just because the tests are better and it was always there. My grandson has autism love him but wish other children could be spared this condition.
She was correct when she said "Act". An act written by the pharmaceutical industry. She just needs to sit down and go back to her nonsense science.
There are no pharmaceuticals to treat autism.
Normal??? Why not use it if it is true
bs
we dont need research,, we need exact or accurate treatment for them...
How do you come up with such strategies without research first?
What a waste of time, said nothing helpful
There is an intermediate area of the brain that looks different, several areas look the same. May lead to treatment some day, or maybe not.
Every time she says "um" she loses more and more credibility with me. Filler words in a seminar is either, failure to plan, or regurgitative BS.
Leighanne Holmes Pauses in speech that use “Um” is a very common form of speech pattern so I don’ t see how it alters the credibility of the content or the reliability of the speaker. Why the need to be so judgmental? She is a scientist thinking as she talks not an actress reciting a script.
oh I'm sorry... you're a robot that never needs to collect your thoughts??