The Wild Story of New York’s Abandoned Skyscraper
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- Опубліковано 7 чер 2024
- This Manhattan skyscraper is tilting by 8cm.
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Correction: At 7:19 the text on screen should read “The details of the foundation system were never provided TO Pizzarotti”. This has been blurred in the video after publication to avoid confusion.
The name and title at 0:57 should read “Hiten Samtani, SVP of Content, The Real Deal”
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Additional footage and images courtesy of The Dronalist, Google Earth, Yahoo News, Bloomberg Quicktake and Christine Beldon.
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0:00 Intro
1:25 Context
3:11 Masterworks
4:00 Engineering 101
6:58 The Ongoing Lawsuit
8:09 Potential Solutions
10:25 Conclusion
#construction #architecture #engineering
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not another masterworks sponsor
It's sad that you're pushing Masterworks, a company with a troubling structure and questionable returns.
Masterworks --> Ponzi scheme
dont you feel yucky debasing good videos with that shady sponsor?
A supposed waitlist whilst heavy marketing across all high influence channels. Do you think we are stupid? Are you stupid enough to believe this? And if you aren't, then are you deliberately throwing your loyal channel viewers under the bus for $$ ?
6:20 has to be the greatest moustache ever to appear on the B1M
Came here to say that. Magnificent!
Almost reminds me of the Monopoly man.
@@robonaut-nyne2331 or the Pringles dude
Exactly how a professor should look!
Maybe one of the greatest on-air mustaches of the modern era
Lived near if for the past 9 years and kept wondering why it never has been completed yet. Thanks for shedding light on the leaning tower of New York
That's how long it's been going for? 9 years.
@@SectorfiveYT Construction started in 2015 and it topped out in 2019. I kind of want to know what industry Nico Amatullo works in to afford real estate in Downtown Manhattan. Just affording to live in most parts of New York City is a feat all on its own.
House the homeless in that building
Liar. This is well known, and you could have searched for it... You know if you actually lived there and had any interest.
some people still dont know how to google in all honesty @@Look_What_You_Did
We need a top 5 most leaning towers. There are actually many lesser known out there.
Do the Gate of Europe towers in Madrid count?
Millennium Tower, San Francisco
Ocean Tower, South Padre Island (demolished)
Go to China and you will find 100s of them having far more critical issues than just leaning and the best part is nobody cares there.
Chesterfield parish church.
Ah don't start all that TOP 7 BLAHBLAH, 12 SUCH AND SUCH YOU NEED TO SEE clickbait shite videos. Proper focused videos are the content this channel has almost always had and they're far better for it.
the fact that its so tall on such a tiny footprint would scare the crap out of me living in there
The simple answers is to take this down. Or like San Fran you finish it, sell units to suckers than fight it out in court until it falls over.
Second thought is that not all site are suitable for tall buildings.
I suspect nobody is going to want to live there even after they have 'fixed it' , I surely will not be applying for an apt !
So they saying that's not a safety And concern
@@Privat2840 That could be. There's just nowhere near enough information in this video to determine anything relating to the building's construction and why it's leaning. And this area is loaded with tall buildings that appear to be standing just fine. Maybe this particular building design itself just isn't suitable for the site. Maybe we're both right... The ratio of height to footprint area of these tall skinny buildings has got to be a unique challenge all it's own.
The statement from the contractor (7:17) that "The details of the foundation system were never provided to Pizzarotti". Who starts a multi-million dollar project without knowing how a major part is going to be built?
Well, probably they assumed that they would have received the details after signing?
Also, their lawyer may be dramatizing it a bit to stress that Pizzarotti was never involved in the foundation or in the evaluation of its adequacy.
Frankly I'm stunned that they were approved to use soil treatment for foundations so close to the waterfront - large parts of Manhattan go underwater when there's a storm surge, and there's a lot of subsurface infrastructure all over the island. Not using pilings is pure insanity.
7:13 - It's hard to believe the developer didn't have a supervisor on site who would notice the foundation process, and prior to that an engineering firm to insist the methods used "be revealed."
It is all about the Holy and Almighty Dollar.
its possible someone on the developers team knew and ok'd it. But they can't sue an individual for a billion dollars. And even if they did send the poor bloke to jail they still wouldn't recuperate their financial losses. So the only way they get out of this without writing off the entire investment is suing the contracting company.
@@sidharthghoshal I think the project engineer is the one we should be looking at
Believe me, everyone knew and money got in the right account so they can turn a profit before something happened. It's not hard to believe that all.
The glaring explanation is in the history books: the Lower East Side of downtown Manhattan along the waterfront is all landfill from over 200-ish years ago. The Manhattan granite bedrock is there, but it's deeper than just a few blocks inland. As NYC population grew, they started using landfill to expand before they started to move developments north on the island. The lean is almost 100% the result of them not using pilings in the foundation and instead trying to create strong enough soil out of old landfill. VERY expensive lesson!
thank you. I knew about the granite bedrock, but I did NOT know about the landfill issues..
Not expensive enough yet.
The courts need to demand the building be imploded- cannot be “fixed”
@@edwardharley9 stupid birds
I'm no engineer but it seems that the foundation should be wider. It's a lot of weight on a very narrow base.
That wouldnt mater with pilings@@andresinsurriaga1082
I think people often think that skyscrapers are a perfect science because they go up all the time unhindered, but this is an important reminder that it’s extremely challenging to get 60 stories of concrete and metal to stand perfectly straight, and is a massive achievement by developers. It’s just unfortunate that when a lean like this occurs, it’s so expensive to correct.
I just wish that they would automatically put pilings down to the bedrock with buildings as tall as this!
I build high rise apartments think 10 story to 60 story and theres 3 dudes out if 70 with a tape a level and a laser , and 1 of those guys always is an apprentice 1 guys always so foreign you don’t know what he’s says and the 3rd guys a dick. Trust me not me single thing is near perfect
well said. I live in Miami and its easy to get accustomed to high rises. But each tower is full science, engineering, and challenges that occurs behind the scenes. For me, I love when I see a tower under construction and all you see is concrete slabs cantilevered hundreds of feet in the air.
Well if your not going to use piles in an area where most skyscrapers do, well you built a lemon
But they are science? 99% of the time, when there is screw up as big as this, the reason is greed and/or whims of some rich nutjob, not science...
Loved it! Thanks Christine, Fred and the B1M squad for having me on. I think this tower is in for a lot more twists and turns.
Bruh...that 'stacbe is epic!?!
The developers are certainly facing the prospect of a lean time.
This skyscraper hasn’t changed for like 4 years at this point. The developers must be taking notes from the GTA V school of skyscraper construction
😂 someone actually tried to do a mod where that building is finished, but I think Rockstar rejected it.
Don’t forget the movie Idiocracy and the architects that designed those buildings.
You regularly have to retrieve the suitcase on one of the top floors.
Ahhhhhhh
It's a make work project! Jobs for life!
As much as I DESPISE that building I do want a solution to be found. It’s been looking unfinished for awhile now and it’s embarrassing it’s being dragged out.
That building not being finished isn't embarrassing....the out of control crime rates and homelessness are embarrassing. They will eventually have to take the building down. This is what happens when you build on top of a landfill.
I love seeing real estate investors getting shafted.
Why's it embarrassing? Being embarrassed for other peoples actions is a sign of low self-esteem
@@allananderson949 thanks for the unsolicited advice.
It’s an expensive tombstone for the worker that fell 27 stories to his death during construction
I see this from my office every morning, I thought it was a weird design choice. This part of downtown is all landfill in the river! You have to use piles, soil treatment/grout/etc, won’t work! (Solid ground is several blocks inland, the landfilling started all the way back when the Dutch were here.)
Ty[ical Dutchies always creating land from water.
As a builder I never never ever cut corners on the foundation. That is the single most important thing period . If you want to cut corners put in cheap cabinets or floor covers . Something easily fixed .
Its genuinely terrifying that Fortess could just be lying about the scale of the problem
Wouldn't be the first time a company lied to get a project done with devastating effects. I don't know shit about dick when it comes to construction but my bs detector is intact and I don't believe them for a second.
I feel like your tone was a little off when describing the death of a worker as a "string of bad luck" for the development. I would be a lot more scathing of a development that allows that to happen.
They just switched coffee brands...to the one that's "good to the last drop"...
It’s cool to see videos like this as a soil and concrete inspector! Great video!
Nice fursuit ❤️
I can’t even imagine living in a city that dense. It looks horrendous
Like a giant prison
It has its advantages
I work for a piling specialist in the UK. Can confirm, foundations are hard. Love the videos! 👌
They better be hard
To be fair, this one is apparently soft.
UK....???? ! ASSURE THE AMERICANS AND LEAD LIKE IN THE PAST CENTURY TO ALL THE SHIT HELL AND DISASTER...
ONLY WAY TO SHOW THEY ARE MORE THAN OTHERS .. THRUST THEM AS NO ONE ELSE IN THE WORLD DO IT ... OTHER THAN THAN THE MACRONE WIFE AND CO. OP
Abandoned skyscraper? How very chinese of them😂😂
Very witty
All of these super tall buildings are just insanity.
6:15 i hope you told Saaed what a magnificent mustache he has. Truly a work of art
A lot of lower Manhattan is landfill with no structural bearing capacity. In those cases, If you don't have foundations resting on bedrock, then you're probably building a disaster. Just ask the guys who developed Millenium Tower in San Francisco.
All of New York is a landfill...
"none"?
I want to get me some of that “lovely, strong bedrock”. It sounds like a great foundation
We actually have the same symtom with a building here in Copenhagen. It was due to a concrete foundation made of poor quality concrete. So now we have a tall building with some windows and a lot of open fronts.
Hvilken bygning er det? Jeg kan ikke finder det, jeg søger for "Copenhagen leaning tower" og får kun Rundetårnet og Bella Sky.
@@Szydencer Njals Tårn
"A simple redesign of the glass facade." If that does not scream "i'm guilty" i don't know what does.
This is what I call justice. I am from NY.C., and (like many other people) I am sick of the over-building and ugly character-less glass boxes that are ruining our skyline. This is far from the only glass tower that has serious issues. We are on a seafront, of course these types of buildings are inappropriate.
I'm surprised you didn't go with the title of Leaning Tower of Pizzarotti
Despite knowing it is a knowable number, the idea of the “weight of a skyscraper” is mind-blowing.
you have to know the weight just to bid the construction. you need to know how much steel and concrete you will need.
It's as boggling as wondering how many angles can dance on the head of a pin.
@@velvetbees I don't think any angles can dance on the head of a pin.... they're too obtuse to try it!
Yo B1M - not just the vertical weight has to be borne by the foundation, but wind loads, seismic loads, etc., are also transferred to the foundation. I've had to argue with structural engineers in California about door openings in a house - imagine how that plays on a 60 story building.
The leaning was caused by GREED.
I remember being in the city and seeing this unfinished tower way back in 2018...so its been a VERY long time since anything has happened.
buildings are not designed for exposed ocean salty Air, after is gets a nice salt bath , they will probably have to demolish it
The building's super structure also has an eccentric layout of core walls, which might cause differential shortening and leaning of the building to the direction of more shortening. All you have to do is investigate the shape of leaning because it is different whether the leaning comes from differential foundation settlement or from differential shortening.
100%. It's structural form means it will lean. This has to be compensated for during construction. Lots of tricky calculations and surveying, but it's not rocket science.
Wow, I thought that of all cities, NYC would avoid this situation.
Developers here are hungry, greedy, and wreckless. They are destroying our beautiful city.
How did the city of NY allow it? Something like this would have had to be approved by various NYC building departments.
Money.
$$$
The problem is even more basic than a broken foundation, it is greed...which means that this kind of thing will happen forever...
Today I learned the technical building industry term 'lovely strong bed rock'.
The sewers, drains and water mains, that is, any leaks or sources of subsurface erosion could undermine the foundation causing the lean. Not easy to check.
Even without the lean, I can't imagine anyone wanting to live in such a tall, skinny building. I mean, sure, the salespeople could have engineers on standby to educate potential buyers about its safety, but you really shouldn't need that. Frankly, the only point of even trying to keep it going, now, would be for it to be another empty, money-laundering building - which I suspect was the purpose from the start.
Another masterpiece production. Thanks!
Thats my biggest nightmare, spending millions on a defective building
Yeah. If you read about 1 Millennium in SF, some of the residents sank their retirement into buying the place they planned to live the rest of their lives.
@@craigpridemore7566 its not only case in high end apartment buildings, in my city 6 floors of the living room came crashing down one on top of other and the whole complex is deemed unfit as it was made with unpure water which had too much chlorine in it.
If you look up the history of the World Trade Center complex in lower Manhattan you would see that the whole area is basically reclaimed land from the Hudson River. The tallest building in the city sits on reclaimed land. Of course the building of the WTC complex they had to construct a retaining wall first to keep out the Hudson River and pile drive deep into bedrock.
The World Trade Center complex isn't sitting on reclaimed land, but the World Financial Center which is next to it to the west is. The land that the World Financial Center is sitting on was made from the soil that was dug up to create the bathtub in which the original World Trade Center complex's foundation sat.
@@jamesjohnson1050 And I believe any tall building in Manhatan is build on or tied to solid bedrock (which is exactly why they can build tall buildings in Manhattan). Maybe that was not the case wtih THIS building at the South Street Seaport....
@@jamesjohnson1050 The original Hudson colonial shoreline barely extended to where Greenwich St. is.
The condo tower is on 'river lots' fill; OG shore around there was what is now inland almost as far as Pearl St.
Take it from the famous "Viele Map" - Sanitary & Topographical Map of the City and Island of New York (1865), and surely on other old sources harder to access at a moments notice online.
That is the approx. edge of where the 'bathtub' of the west part of OG WTC site which included the towers was.
😳 How you transitioned into a commercial from your sponsor and back during the video is both astounding and astonishing! 😆
A real work or art...
I just wanted to say how much I enjoy this channel. Aloha from the island of kaua'i
Only B1M can make
Infrastructure video look cool😅
Right? Haha. :)
I think it's always been cool it's just that B1M presents it in a cool easy, digestible way for most people
Top notch as usual 👍
If you ever go up the CN Tower during any decent weather just lean against a wall. It's really trippy.
By design. 😊
@@MaidenHell1977 Good three point design. This one might be one of the last that got over engineered.
I just love this channel!
I'm REALLY surprised that all the skyscrapers don't have pilings in NYC. This one definitely should have, in my opinion. 😬
I really thought the skyscrapers normally required pilings extending down to solid bedrock below the island. Engineers have to include geological reports to ensure that all pilings stand on solid rock, avoiding having any resting on fissile or weaker rock layers that could potentially shift under the weight of the building.
Depends what part of the city they are being built. By lower Manhattan, Brooklyn, East and Hudson Rivers fronts and adjacent areas, buildings are all typically built on piles , as deep as 150 feet. Towards the center of Manhattan bedrock is relatively shallow, making piles a bad choice.
The city should consider requiring a completion bond in future from any developer before breaking ground on any such possible eyesore of this prominence.
In a "New York minute"...
I love these videos! The content, the production quality!
“Lovely Strong Bed Rock” 😂 really enjoyed that
You don't need to be an engineer to look at this building and say with certainty that it will fail. Greed has no limits.
Now I want to go downtown and see it 😅
Having the right foundation is most important before building any building, Even I know about that.
😱 " WHAT THE HELL WERE THE DEVELOPERS THINKING?.... Apparently, They didn't learn from ' The Leaning Tower of San Francisco ' boondoggle? I wouldn't go within a block of either one, until they're demolished. "
Here in the San Francisco Bay Area. Shortly after the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Houses were built to standards that no longer exist because of expense. Our 1,700sqft one story has roughly 60 six foot deep 2’ wide concrete piers that the subfloor sit on top of. Giving a small crawl space to access plumbing and systems. Now all new homes in our area on a poured slab.
I never really understand how anyone can decide to cut corners when building a skyscraper. I mean, it's not like it's going to go unnoticed...
7:13 what's with the blur on the left? Was the text supposed to pop out or something?
I suspect it's a redaction. Another comment around content at roughly the same timecode was deflected to telegram..
Love the videos bro!
New subscriber here. I'm loving these videos on NYC. Very interesting stuff!
designed by hill west, i remember this project when i was working there 🙂
Right on. Thanks for sharing.
Marketing it as the Leaning Tower of Manhattan will be a great idea. People will love to own such a condo
Masterworks is full of misleading statements
Many of the floors in NYC's Freedom Tower in are completely out of level. It is standard procedure to bring in floor leveling contractors to correct the situation. One of the floors I worked on in the 80's part part of the stack was out of level by 3" across the entire structure. Big problem is the workers have no real supervision and no accountability. Buildings only get this messed up when a lot of people are not doing their jobs and looking the other way.
It's interesting because I've seen documentaries about buildings in other parts of the world where leveling is checked on a daily basis to prevent any one issue compounding the situation. I have a retail space across from where I work. It's only a few stories high but they put in pilings. (noisy and the vibrations were something else). But it was done.
I hear you. My dad is a retired Concrete Finisher and a Legend in Boston union construction. I also was a laborer for years. It's amazing how sloppy some crews can get
That tower is elevated so much good modernization
Engineering Project
I think if there was a game like bridge constructor, but skyrise constructor, this building would be too wobbly.
It's nuts to build a skyscraper with such a ridiculous height to width ratio. Living in that would be like living at the top of a bamboo plant in the wind!
They go through wind testing usually before getting built
Not really.
@@meltedicecreamsandwich The design does (or should) go through wind testing, but the building itself is another matter entirely. NYC can get *really* nasty weather from time to time (remember Hurricane Sandy?)
That's real estate greed for you.
That building likely will be demolished. That still is the cheapest option. They could still reuse the glass facade.
NYC developers are good at demolishing things. They seem to get off on it.
Pizzarotti was building around 50km of highway in Poland and they were kicked out of site due to lack of progress.
Not enough poles in the ground
Always top notch reports🤓👍🏼
I believe much of the land at the rivers edge is fill dirt , probably a hundred years ago. In order to put up a structure that tall safely one must install pylons which connect to solid bedrock. Lots of luck with fixing this monstrous mistake.
As contractors finish surfaces, having the building out of plumb just makes doing doors and cabinets much harder.
Yep😂. I poured concrete floors in Boston for years
Unless it was structural,.they didn't care how flat the floor was
This one of the best channels on YT. This has to be a top episode…I walk by this once a week 😮
It's baffling how a construction leading companies making such catastrophic mistakes!
Poor scheduling of plannings, these buildings getting the green light depends entirely on investors backers and the likes which can vary and become unpredictable in which these circumstances can force developers to green light everything with out 100% surity that's everything is in place.
It's almost as though the patients of the financiers and investors dictates the meticulous planning and schedule of these buildings. 4:06
lmao "string of bad luck" , text from a article about a workers getting maimed on site
Fantastic Video! It's nice to see the B1M talk about something I've been talking about on my channel for the last three years!
Awesome job!
I understand on a typical American house the foundation cost about 20%. Is there a general formula for taller buildings.
Lots of mistakes were made. It starts with the planning commission. You have an existing tall building on land fill, and you start a huge project next door (trans bay), with lots of vibration. From there, a child can see what went wrong. The only solution is to stop vibrating the area, stop building so tall and heavy. If you are going to underpin, only augers (corkscrewing) should be done. Even then, it’s a gamble. To go big, you should go wide. Look at how the Marriott Marquis was built, and how Frank Lloyd Wright build foundations. Mr. Wright built the Imperal Palace in Japan that survived a huge earthquake, and the Marriott opened the day of Loma Prieta. Both of these cases should be required reading for anyone building on land fill.
I read before that New York has a limited amount of space where larger, taller buildings can be built due to much of the land being reclaimed and not with solid ground underneath but with stuff like landfill and old boats.
I think I read about this when I was looking up why they demolished the beautiful huge hotel built by Astor after he perished in HMS Titanic.
Such a huge luxurious building demolished after something like 40-50 years because the skyscrapers need the land with the solid rock deep below the foundations.
As someone that worked in construction for 40 years and specialised in concrete and highrised buildings the last 25+ years, that building is finished, it needs demolishing and starting again.
There is a leaning tower in Bologna, Italy, that is more than 500 years old! It's worth seeing!
I can well believe they have a problem. My local doctors surgery is about to close and be pulled down. It is a single story building that sits on "good" ground (I was there when a test trench was dug by an engineer who said as much when they looked in the hole). The fact I witnessed this gives a clue to the problem, its about eight years old and has suffered subsidence since the day it was completed. Cracks started appearing in the first two weeks it was open and are now 2 inches across. I remind you that this is a single story building on good ground. If they can screw that up I am sure a 60 story sky scrapper is a doddle to fubar.
for 10 for freds sponsor transition jeez smoother than silk mate
As a construction worker myself (structural ironworker) I can tell you that a 3" lean is totally unacceptable, ESPECIALLY from such a narrow building. I'm willing to bet this has to do with the contractor not using pilings, as the narrator pointed out.
Love the channel keep it up
Unlike this building.
altogether fuckingly farcical...fraudsters abounding universally..!
this channel signifies (corporateers') mere headlines...less than ⅒ of ⅒ of its drivel ever warrants further investigation, right
why do you suppose its puppeteering corporateers lump you their $ sign caged by love's heart..?
our own leaning tower being the tallest must be how come it's featured in album covers 💡
can we appreciate janbaz amazing moustache
I used to pass by it every day on my way to work (before 2020).
what is the blur at 7:14 supposed to cover? the document on the other side?
This episode was well written and well presented. I enjoyed it immensely. I fell more educaated.
Wrongly educated. 3” is nothing considering the height of the building
Pisa Tower: aaah finally a worthy opponent 🤣
the next building foundation on the tilt side is the problem. If they had built the neighboring foundation properly, this wouldn't have happened. That building must be deconstructed.
Bedrock or bust! They should've known better than to try and build a skyscraper in NYC on anything but solid bedrock with piles included. They'll need to tear down the building piece by piece, strengthen the foundation and start again, but that's expensive, so instead we get legal wrangling, finger pointing, and denial about the severity of the issue.
This problem should never have happened.
As both a Chartered Architect and Structural Engineer; PhD in Building Material Physics, I suggest that someone runs some old fashion hand-calculations over the imposed façade loadings related to compensating structural stiffness, respecting Castigliano's second theorem (deflection) and then delves into Rankine Gordon and Perry-Robertson formulae regarding one-end fixed encastré cantilevers; using the building as a vertical column/cantilever projected off the foundations. i.e. the fixed part in the ground. The opposite end; where the deflection occurs in the sky - in this case, the wind replacing gravity as the cantilever is exposed to super-load forces, perhaps not factored holistically into the original calculations - think laterally! This is really simple stuff and the design straight forward to fix; if you are old school with experience in designing 'slippery' air-foil façades - The fault appears to be embodied within two factual logics. (i) the encastré presumption of load transfer to ground has not been sufficiently researched, therefore, the foundations; as designed are unsatisfactory, and, (ii) the wind-load on the superstructure is producing a 'resultant' eccentric force that was not considered properly within the calculations, thus: inducing an overturning moment; as per the cantilever acting as a lever upon the foundations that have become the cantilever's fulcrum. Most young engineers would not know what I am talking about because they have never run a hand calculation in their lives nor researched materials fit-for-purpose through design. i.e. this building has to have a steel frame not reinforced concrete due to the risk of flexure. Many engineers these days have become little more than computer button monkeys having never run an 'eye-inspection' or hand-calculation as a structural analysis safeguard, taking for granted that software acts as a catch-all. If one reads ISO documentation it generally states in the preambles on page 1, that the recommendations are not a Code of Practice, and, that utilisation of such ISO's do not provide protection from professional liability. Nonetheless, it is obvious that the superstructure is causing issues with structural 'stiffness' that in-turn has influenced the foundations. Thus there are two solutions. (i) Knock the building down and turn the site into: a car park, McDonaldo's, Pizza-Hut or whatever the New York moneyed-class has to have, or, (ii) Stiffen the design of the building's spine; which should have been conceived as the service core, and built as aforementioned, in steel due to flexible acknowledging "tall-thin column theory". The trouble is that the world is full of arseholes who do not wish to listen or learn. If this project was managed using BIM to the ISO19650 series, then I expect that such risk elements would have been thrown-up during the Appointed Parties' Risk Evaluation Statement - that is, both Lead Parties supervising: Architecture and Engineering would assess the risk potential of such a design as a 'thin structures' liable to deflection due to 'slenderness ratio'. If not, then all parties involved are utterly stupid. On a well managed project; BIM or otherwise, this type of incident should just not happen. Currently, I work in South East Asia and this type thing would not happen as structural simulation respecting earthquake design would have flagged-up the issues as a problem. Also, many engineers are female Koreans who never let a presumption pass through their hands, as they listen, are vigilant, validate software calculation checks, and never assume to know-it-all. Still it's the Big Apple - Hasta La Vista Baby - That's the way the cookie crumbles baby! これが世の中というものさ．
Never underestimate a Korean woman
Because todays engineers are just software users, not the mind behind the software concept. Poor minds do poor buildings.
TLDR😢
That promotion was smooth. I didn’t even realize I was watching it. Haha
Love you bro
Here in Chicago the Sears Tower leans 6 inches to a foot to the west.
i never knew that! do you know if it was like that right after construction finished or occurred over time?
@@samuelcarter6645 they never specified, they said that the weight is uneven due to the tower being 9 buildings bundled together at various heights. I recall it was mentioned on a National Geographic documentary called megastructures.
Driving into Manhattan I was once asked if I knew why all the skyscrapers were built on the southern tip and middle of the island with only modest buildings in between. I didn't know but the answer should have been obvious. The whole island is mud except for those two parts, which is why I was confidently told there would never be skyscrapers anywhere else on the island. Maybe he should have been right.
This is downtown though. The issue isn't how far south it is, but rather how far east. It's sitting on artificial land which was added to the coastline.
Not mud. Just that rock is deeper. So it was easier to build rock foundations North of 30th street and by financial district. Builders are building taller buildings in the middle now because they are financially viable to build with an expensive foundation.