H1MIN: IOWA 16" GUNS - Gun Loading Sequence
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- Опубліковано 25 бер 2018
- The 16" Guns on the Iowa class battleship are a marvel of engineering and firepower. The loading sequence and mechanics are fascinating, and I thought I'd share the inner workings with you.
Reference sources on these links below.
Statistics:
www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_...
Training Film:
• Video
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The targeting system for the 16" guns of the Iowa class was so accurate as designed, that it was never upgraded. In '91 when reactivated and equipped with tomahawk missiles and new radar and air defense capabilities, the 16 inch guns were sent to fire on Iraqi positions with the same targeting system it had used to fire in Japanese positions almost 50 years earlier. Impressive.
Thank you for sharing those details. The Ford instruments Mark 1 electro-mechanical computer is an amazing invention, would be interesting to learn more about it. All that math in mechanical switches.
USS New jersey & Iowa were able to straddle (very near miss in wich fragments damage a ship) the japanese destroyers Maikaze and Nowaki at 35km. Thats absolutely insane
@@F4Wildcat jesus
@@H1MIN Let me explain this a bit the range finder found on the turret are actually back up system in case the main fire control radar is disabled, the main range finder is found on top of the bridge. Which you could see a radar dish ,that is the main range finder and the fire control radar, the radar are dual purpose, capable to measure range and track surface target, the data is transferred into the fire control director deep within the ship and the crew will use pre set calculators and firing sheet to determine the the turret range setting and lead require
@@H1MIN Not switches so much as cams, followers, gears and racks. Continuous real-time analog solutions.
According to Wargaming, the Reload Booster Consumable consists of feeding the sailors some crystal meth so they move faster, and with the generous use of WD40 in all the bearings, thus shaving several seconds off the reload timer.
The Turret Rotation Consumable releases several cages of battle hardened hamsters onto the turret gears. These hamsters are fed with the same crystal meth for good measure.
Good joke
Asnd dont forget they cant hit anything even at 5km away if u hit a dd it does almost nothing to them and 99% of shells overpen. Bb guns dont scare any player just show your side and the bb cant do anything. Wish they would make bbs scary again in that game and not a joke
I thought it was only th fascist pigs who were addicted to that stuff, who knew?🤔
@@kuninagako9035 you want it realistic? Try 50 shots and landing maybe 2 of them
Battle hardened hamsters LOOOL 🤣
Dear God, pls give this man more subs he deserves!
I agree
six you little bastard...im gonna get you here lil cheeky girl
@@Amiruny stfu
Minor point, but the guns were normally aimed from a fire control room deep inside the ship. They were sighted via directors on the superstructure of the ship, information automatically passed to the computers below, then the computer would slew and elevate the guns as required. The sights on the turret were there as a backup.
That's not a minor point. Fire control system is the core function of the gun. The fact they even have a backup gun directors tells you this.
@@nimay13 exactly and I agree with you: it's not a minor point at all! It must be said that the great advantage was the use of the radar to estimate even better the position of the enemy, both the ship or the objectives like Okinawa by seeing on the radar screen the blasts...
My grandfather was a fire control officer aboard the USS St. Louis. They had to go to a special school to learn how to run the guns and targeting computers. Bear in mind that sailors weren't issued with ear plugs when they were at their battle stations. When the guns were "run out", meaning the muzzles of the guns were over the port or starboard sides, it helped reduce some of the muzzle blast but imagine 300 pounds of explosives exploding out of a tube with the supersonic crack of the projectile... that would be loud as all hell.
This is also why many Japanese capital ships had that crazy stacked pagoda type superstructure. So they could get maximum height for the fire director optics.
If a WWII battleship was down to using the rangefinder in the turret, things had gone very badly indeed up to that point.
I noticed you took suggestions, anything rocket based, such as the V1, V2 or a type of aircraft launched rocket would be really interesting
Thank you, those are good suggestions. I will consider that for future installments. Always interested in unusual topics that haven't been extensively covered already.
@@H1MIN Submarine launched missile and who did it first.
@@gortnewton4765 i think it was a german uboat
I now work on the USS Iowa as an Education guide, this is by far the best animation I've seen of the process short of watching the guns do it themselves in news reels.
"Up to 2 round per minute"
*30 seconds!?*
Yeah the reload was that good
30 sec is arleady fast.
I need 35 seconds to load my 410mm guns. And that's with intensive use WD-40 and feeding the gun operators with Pevertin!
@@clevernamegotban1752 when you consider how big the bullets are or rounds.... 4-6 a minute is very good. you have to realize that those guns do lots of damage. I found a naval website that talked about a cargo ship decided to get in the middle of a gun fight...... well it left a hole in the ship the size of Chrysler mini van. I been telling people these ships can be reimangined put some missile, radars, modern fire control systems, a new engine and you have a great fighting ship.
@@neubauerjoseph It may sound like a good idea, but the problem with that is that the ships are already very expensive and require a lot of upkeep, mainly in fuel and food for the large crew.
In battle and in gun range of opponents it would certainly be a devastating opponent, but getting into range is a problem considering modern anti-ship missiles and even getting into the battle is a problem, as faster task forces will mostly just move around it. Its size also makes it a larger target for radar, sonar, missiles and torpedoes. Submarines and planes could very easily find and destroy it if they could get past whatever escort it had.
@@maxwelldanger1929 I see your points as I was a ex navy sailor. But if you want a proper navy its going to be expensive. But when you look at a battleship its like a big destroyer, but not as fast but can take lots of hits. If was was totally inchange of the navy I would have companies build a new battleship based on the plans of the iowa. But I would add modern engines, newest of the new radar, sonar, fire control systems, ciws, sea sparrow, sea ram, 5 inch guns, torps, tomahawks, harpoon missiles. and keep the 16 inch guns. Also make a way for the ship to load 16 inch rounds faster. I talked to a navy DDG capt he said one reason why the navy likes the 5 inch guns is you can shoot them much faster then a 16 inch guns. Sure they dont go as far or hit as hard but you can shoot a lot of them. My idea is it would not only allow better navy in supporting the army or marines, but it helps support the carrier and if we get back into sea to sea battles that is what the battleship is made to do. THey would suppor the carrier strike group much better because they have great anti air better then a CG or a DDG.
Videos like these is what I’m loving. Need more. Straight to the point , a demonstration, information at the rip! At the gate! No commercial, no 3-5 minute intro. No back story “real quick” and no body just sitting there and talking “ have you ever wondered how battle ships work? I do the same ….. etc etc. I’m against those ppl!
What I found fascinating about firing the guns was that you hold the triggers, but it doesn't fire untill the gyroscope completes the circuit. Pretty cool technology for the forties.
Dear H1: Your videos make me happy, I want you to know that. God bless you sir.
One minor quibble, the animation illustrates a WW2 or Korean war era Iowa class. Standard practice at that time as shown in period training films was that both powder car tiers (3 bags + 3 bags) would be dumped onto the spanning tray and then rammed (3 would dump, then the gun captain and cradle operator would move them to make room for the next 3). Your animation shows the early 90s procedure of ramming three bags dumped, and then ramming the last three bags dumped.
Should also do something on the Yamatos turrets. the ship itself sadly had a very underwhelming career but those turrets were a marvel of its own.
Just binged all of your videos! The production and amount of effort put into these fascinating videos are astounding! Keep up the great work, you deserve so many more subs than you have now!
Quality videos, thanks for taking the time!
The quality of these videos is insaine. Please make more!
Thank you for packing so much detail into these videos!
This channel deserves a million subscribers!!! deym cool videos man. Thank you for providing us cool military informations!💕
These video's are great! Keep them up
another well made and informative video.
I would like to see tank related any video 😁
And subscribed instantly
Taking the tour of a turret on the USS New Jersey was amazing. The powder bag hoppers in the bottom were non sparking brass. Apparently silk powder bags could generate enough static to cause a "premature ignition". And everything was painted white, so spilled powder could be easily spotted.
Would've been great to see a video on the Yamato's autoloading system
there already exist one
This, or the shells she fired, i heard she fires a grape shot or something
@@tabutog Yamato could use her 18" guns as anti aircraft guns firing shot or HE rounds.
@@tabutog They called it the Type 3 'Sanshiki' which made like a firework of shrapnel in the sky
All Japanese warships of the period could use these Sanshiki rounds in their biggest guns. However I heard that it wasn't that effective at shooting down aerial targets.
The optical rangefinder in the turrent was a backup. The main Central fire control was located elsewhere
You have very good animations, i dont understand why you have such a low subscribers... its very quality content!
I dont know where your animations come from but they are always beautiful
Great videos you make.
Great video. Though the creation and corrections of a firing solution are made through the fire director/ gun plotter. The turret rangefinders would generally be paired with the optical rangefinders and radar in the fire director station in finding fall of shot and thus making corrections. In essence they are more of a redundant system.
Not really redundant. A radar isn't particularly sturdy, neither is the central optical rangefinder, and they're fairly close together. One shell could potentially take both out, so it's good to have rangefinders on each turret if the central rangefinder is knocked out.
Your videos are really good, please make more videos on naval warfare, I specially liked the range finder video
This channel deserves more subscribers for godsake!
Very good history video and explanation
During the Australian bicentenary in 1988 I was lucky enough to see the USS New Jersey fire a full broadside off Sydney heads from about a mile away. That sight will never leave me. 😁
Great succinct reviews!
love your vids, man
Let me explain this a bit the range finder found on the turret are actually back up system in case the main fire control radar is disabled, the main range finder is found on top of the bridge. Which you could see a even larger range finder and also a radar dish ,that is the main range finder and the fire control radar, the radar are dual purpose, capable to measure range and track surface target, the data is transferred into the fire control director deep in the ship and the crew will use pre set calculators and firing sheet to determine the the turret range setting and lead require
one interesting thing to note is that in between every salvo the guns had to be lowered back to level for the loading operation, which means that one of the primary & unavoidable factors in the reload speed that could never be overcome is that anything that adds barrel weight increases reload time
Couple Corrections, Each gun was independent, so there was a switch for each gun that would tell when that gun was ready and it could be either fired immediately or wait for a three gun salvo, and the targeting and ranging on the Iowa's was done via radar with a mechanical computers in the gun director rooms to calculate the final firing solution.
Correct, however they could be fired solely from the rangefinders built into the turret in case communication between the turret and the rest of the ship was cut off during an engagement
Thought you would talk about the Iowa gun incident, but turned out it just a normal gun operation video. It nice anyway
Couple of inaccuracies here. The matter of the turret rangefinders being backups has been discussed elsewhere in the comments.
If you watch videos from Iowa-class BBs (remember, they were in service a long time, so we have video of these procedures), you'll see that they did not perform two ramming operations to load the six powder bags, rather, the loaders would push the first three away and drop the next three in before ramming all six at once.
The guns did not fire simultaneously, but with a slight delay between barrels. Ryan Sizmanski on the Battleship New Jersey channel has discussed the reasons for this in a couple of videos and showed photos of BB-62 firing a full broadside that show how the guns are firing in a sequence.
One thing that was noted, and was demonstrated in this video, was the fact that firing all of the guns on any of the main turrets disrupted their trajectory. It was found that firing one gun after the other in rapid succession completely dampened the possibility of trajectorial disruption by the shockwaves produced from the massive muzzle blast.
You made a very nice and interesting video. No blablabla Very good.
Awesome thanks
71 people
Operating one gun.
We sure saved a lot of field people having 1/3 of them caring a for a jet
How many of you know the shells contain dye packs, each lowa class ship had different colors so if a forward observers called in fire support they knew which ship fired.
Minor note, floors were greased to move shells easier
You can find old ww2 training videos for these and the 8 inch guns as well.
and they still work to this day
thx i always wondered what those fins were
its interesting to see The US loading, knowing how the RN loads its gun its quite interesting. the RN have 2 separate cages when loading, on for the ready room and one for the lower shell room and magazine, RNBreech has a vid on this and the loading of the 15" L/42 MK1 gun, MK1/N Twin mount.
i dont know who you are but your videos are awesome
It has to be pointed out that the guns weren't typically aimed and fired from the gun house. Those rangefinders at the back of the gun house are redundant, the main way of firing the guns would be from the main battery plotting room, which had a more powerful computer being fed information from the rangefinders at the tops of the ship's towers.
The optical sights in the turrets are only backup sights. All US 16" guns on WW2 battleships and even smaller guns on smaller warships were directed from the ship's fire control system where the gun director gives orders to the turrets. The optical sights are only in case of battle damage to the fire control system.
Now we can easily see the interest of electric canon, you can get rid of 76 sailors and 2 dangerous and heavy floors of ammo, loading elevators
Being near that thing without ear protection must a real special treat
You left out the primer man down in the pit who set the firing charge in the breech block while the gun captain and projectile-man were loading the shell and powder bags. Then he had to pull back into a very small space under the ram operator to be out of the way of the gun recoil - which would miss him by inches.
Addictive videos
A 'modern' version for this would be nice if you took suggestions! Either the AK-130-2 or the common 5-inch/54 mark 45 ?
The animations look like the kind of historic representations of like ancient Egyptian ships or something like that that you used to see on the History and Discovery channels
Just a few problems with your program but the most glaring is the rangefinder is in the number 2 turret not the number one turret as shown.
1:10..... That was one heck of a muzzle flash
And an accurate one at that
Please make more vids!!!
Why on does this video get stuck loading at 0:32 even on different internets?
Nobody:
World of healthbars, sorry, i mean warships: we have been hit by 6 torpedos and 17 mega bullets but we are fine :)
A video on how german flak worked would be nice!
the 88s, of course
У меня тока 1 вопрос! Зачем такой пушке нужны бронебойные снаряды?
Can u cover Bangalore mines ?
So how is it fired? Electrically, some kind of primer?
Bruh i didn't know if was control by the main deck and that why they a lot of ppl in one battleship
So maybe a stupid question, but did the shell shaft and powder shaft turn with the turret?
Nevermind 1:01 onward you can see that the whole whole column turns
Great video, but the sound is just not standing up to the general high quality
It's a pretty old video. Good to see he got better equipment over the years
Everyone who is interested in Naval warfare should watch this channel.
Your animation are better than war thunder graphic
What software are you using for this video animation?
So does each turret turn by itself with its own individual gunner? that be cool. its like having 3 independent tanks mounted on a single large, seafaring platform
Of course they do, flexibility is of outmost importance. Turrets must turn individually to not only fire on different targets, but to compensate for the parallax effect. Since the foremost and rearmost turrets are almost 200m apart, if they had the exact same direction then the shells would spread over at least a 200m wide area. So for all turrets to be able to aim at one single point, all must turn individually.
@@nikoolix As a matter of fact, the fire control system is NOT set up with the goal of every projectile landing at the same exact point. There is a certain amount of "spread" built into the calculations.
Imagine the sound inside the turret
How did they load shells INTO the ship from a depot or support ship?
Typically dockside. And through hatches like these next to the turrets < navsource.org/archives/01/057/015702f.jpg >
We really are kinda like weird ants with their skeletons on the inside aren't we. We even make our own little terrariums with tunnels made of steel and rivets.
Where did we, as a navy, think a 5inch gun is more terrifying to ANYTHING than a 16inch? Tbh shooting anything less than another battleship with this gun would be like hunting with a 50cal.
If I remember this ship was the first to have an actual computer on board.
Not even close. The US Navy, Royal Navy, and Imperial Japanese Navy all had some form of computer on ships as early as the 30s. Even just talking about the Ford Mk 1 computers that these ships got, the North Carolinas and South Dakotas had them first.
They made rounds for these guns that had nuclear warheads in them.
Do a yamatos 18 inch guns
Enhance... enhance... enhance...
How does the breech mechanism ignite the propelant since its just bags of powder instead of casing with primer?
Either electrical or a primer.
If memory serves me right, the primer has the same size of a 5.56 casing.
@@Commander_Koyke id really love to see some 3D vid about it
@@BOBO-xe6rl not a 3D model but i think this might help understand
There is a primer cartridge inserted into the breech by the primerman, who lives in the gun pit below the breech. It's a teeny bit bigger than a .30 cal M1 carbine cartridge casing. It is fired primarily electrically, but can be percussion fired. Each of the propellant bags has about 3/4 lb of black powder sewn into a pouch at the base of the bag.
Optical local fire control was a last resort due to their low line of site. The guns were aimed and fired from central fire control using data fed into an analog computer. This data came from radar and if radar failed then fire and aft range finders. Only if the central fire control station was out of action or communication lost did the turret use local fire control and the turret mounted range finding sites.
If you wanted to could you fire only one barrel at a time or do you have to fire all three barrels at the same time?
One at a time is possible
Very common during shore bombardment missions to fire one round at a time. At long ranges it takes 60-85 seconds for the projectile to land. Then your forward observers have to relay the spot, and main battery plot has to make adjustments. Normally no huge rush since the target is not going anywhere. Classic battleship engagements are much different, during those it's all about sending as many bullets as possible downrange as quickly as possible to play the percentages.
So...wait a second! - does every turret has to plot in the target's course and speed and elaborate a firing solution independently? ...each turret on it's own? I thought there was a centralized system for this and all the turrets were just receiving vector&elevations instructions from it...
They're redundant systems performing corrective adjustments
Guns are not limited by power, they are limited by usability. Japanese guns were even bigger, but they were firing via spotters over the horizon. Where the limits of the gun are drawn is about the starting point for typical attack aircraft. And so the battleship age died after this war. Navy is mostly missile and aircraft based now because of this.
Now do the reload system of the guns of the Yamato.
Already exists. Just search for yamato guns reload or something.
I
want the title " turret captain ".
how did they load when the guns where elevated
They didn't. The guns always return to loading elevation for loading. Only autoloading destroyer and cruiser guns could be loaded and any angle.
How do you have 14.3k subs?
The biggest brother of 3 missouri, new jersey and wisconsin
imagine waiting minutes to load a gun and then missing
also remember that it could shoot nuclear bomb shells. Iowa 16" Guns are the biggest nuclear launcher ever made
not bad but you need to do some audio leveling, watching multiple of your videos in sequence is painful due to the spiking and dipping volumes across them.
The sexiest ships to ever float the seas.
All done with analog controls no cpu GPS satellite tracking wow😮 that's American enginuity ❤
No primer? How do the guns fire?
Electric or a primer
The primer looks about the size of a 45-70 brass case but it is a screw together case with much heavier brass walls than the rifle cartridge. They have electric primers.
How are the powder bags ignited?
A primer in the breech block.
@@nikoolix Thanks - How is the primer ignited? By impact, all the powder bags?
@@mysticwine Electric; but there were backup methods available.
Bro said kilometer and kilograms ☠️☠️☠️
Barrage Balloons would filll one of these videos nicley.