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I talked a a girl about this she works at a hospital and she is training the ai to recognize proteins of pathogens. This could be pretty cool, automating administering drugs for bacterial and viral infections instead of having to go by symptoms
@AOSP-is-still-Linux Image recognition is AI. AI is not only limited to Generative AI or chatgpt but a very wide discipline involved with a multitude of different methods, Image recognition is one of the largest uses of AI and far from being a "solved problem" it is one of the more rapidly advancing,active and exciting subfields.
@AOSP-is-still-Linux Mostly trickier problems within protein structures such as protein folding. Think of proteins as segmented ribbons in a 3-D space with each segment having a certain degree of charge creating forces that attract and repel. Except proteins are ridiculously complicated and interact with each other at times. This... 'protein origami" is so immensely complex that we do not have enough computing power to accurately simulate each step. So AI can 'guessimate' how each intermediate step will fold. And we can feed it confirmation that the end result is as it predicted and train it up to be more accurate.
A number of you have asked a great question - why is the untreated Ebola survival rate at 50%? If Ebola so thoroughly trounces the immune system, how does anybody survive? This is a difficult question to answer - upon looking at the literature, Ebola viral load is a major determinant of Ebola prognosis. One reason this might happen is infection with a less virulent Ebola strain, or certain patients might have immune systems that are slightly better at eeking out an antiviral response. One could speculate that if the immune system is slightly better at mounting an early response, that might buy some b-cells the time to make the right antibody.
@@phylumchannel activating the wrong B cells shouldn't prevent the right obes from being activated later, so maybe it mainly depends on how early the correct B cells get activated
Please do a video on Yersinia Pestis (plague). I've always been so fascinated as to how our immune systems are literally completely helpless against this bacterium, but can't find any good video on it.
@@phylumchannel I can't wait to see it. No other bacterium is quite so incredibly amazing at completely overwhelming our immune system, and this one has fascinated me because other Yersinia species only cause minor disease, if any disease at all. It's almost like this bacterium was DESIGNED to completely annihilate us, even though humans are only an accidental host for this bacterium.
@@deathclawproductions6723 It's especially fascinating as the other Yersinia bacteria only cause very mild illness, and it evolved from a pathogen that causes a minor stomach bug. TWO mutations turned it from a stomach bug to a mass murdering killing machine. And humans aren't even the intended host of Y Pestis.
I recently graduated from a biology degree, but along the way I became burnt out. Your videos have helped me in rediscovering my love of biology. Being well presented and researched, and in a higher level of biological detail than most things I'd find on UA-cam, these are exactly the kind of thing I need. I feel like my brain's waking up a bit again and I'm remembering and learning biology again. I enjoy your humour a lot too, it's an important part of your appeal
Please do group b streptococcus next - especially in neonatals. It is sadly not covered enough, and even a still significant risk in some developed countries.
EBOLA MAIN WEAKNESS AND ACESSEHEEL: soap water hand wasthing taking showers, tolet paper, baby wipes, rubing alcoal and moderns medcal satsion cleaing and hazzerd handling proacgers. also proper septation of bioglacl waste and fresh water also is major factor preveing elboas spread into most contreys with proeper medical fecitles with proper sanation and contamtn procedors.
Would be cool to see a video on Dengue virus, how a single mutation results in inefficient furin-mediated cleavage of prM glycoprotein resulting in a population of immature and partially immature (mosaic) virions that can cause antibody dependent enhancement, how that relates to being infected by different DENV serotypes, and how that informs us about vaccine development. Also a video on SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of variants would be cool too!
BSL-4s are scary. I'd love to see you do a video on the grim reaper known as Variola (aka smallpox). I've always been a bit awestruck by the story of how humanity went to war and exterminated the thing, but it sure is one historic virus. ... Which probably means that video will take until the 2030s, but I'll dig in the couch cushions and find some patience.
Sometimes, culture provides the perfect answer. Someone dies of ebola, and their family.members come.to.wash the body. They get infected and pass it on. And the cycle continues. But the real answer is that the ebola is only this deadly because of our immune e system. Other creatures, like certain bats can live with ebola,.with no problem..
Ebola's natural reservoir is still unknown, but it's been confirmed to be a significantly less dramatic disease in bats. Rendering humans as carrion may be beneficial if there's a scavenger that also relatively passively carries it, but there's a fair chance it's just an unfortunate side effect of it being introduced to an environment unprepared for it.
God I hate my English. The 16-minute movie I watched with a translator for probably more than 40 minutes, and I still didn't understand everything. But it was still worth it, great video
I am currently doing A-Level Biology and Chemistry first-year, and my dream job is to become a researcher on the immune system. I discovered my love for this from Kurzgesagt (although science books laid down the foundations long before) and about three months ago I found your channel and instantly clicked with you. For me, seeing your videos has become a special occasion and I am currently typing this with hot chocolate in my mug to celebrate. Thanks for the video :)
@@phylumchannel thank you! currently doing histology in classification (Bio.), proteins in human (Bio.), alcohols in organic (Chem.) and i think we just finished hydrogen bonds in inorganic (Chem.)
I have been wondering why the algorithm left me w/o scientific content for a year. I am pleased to report a change in this pattern. You have earned yourself a subscriber, Sir!
So, the untreated death rate for ebola is 50%, right? But as you stated in the video, the ebola virus does a pretty great job of shutting down the inmune system and staving off any defense. So, what happens in those 50% of cases were the victim doesnt die? What part of the inmune system is still able to fight off the virus in those cases?
The trypanosomes are also a cool example of eukaryotic parasites that also use variable surface glycoproteins to evade the immune system, it's fascinating!
Such a cool video, love the pathology videos you’ve got as it’s my biggest passion (even planning to go to school for a career in neuropathology once I graduate high school!) Ebola was one of the diseases I recently covered in my AP Art project too, it’s so cool to me that something so small can be so dangerous. And personally despite the risks, i would love to one day work with Ebola or Marburg to figure out what exactly makes them tick and contribute to the research of deadly pathogens like them! For now though, videos like this and scouring through the cdc and library of medicine databases will have to sate my hunger for more pathology knowledge :)
Would love to see a vid on some "classic" encapsulated pathogens like the pneumococcus or B. anthracis, or maybe ones that form biofilms (K. pneumoniae is one of them I believe?). Sure, they're not as trendy on the news as ebola or rabies, but they're pretty neat defense mechanisms/virulence factors that could use the attention
This video has caused me to realize... my strategy for my plague inc... is literally just "Hey Ebola, can I copy your homework?" "Sure, just change it up a bit so you don't get caught." BECAUSE IMMEDIATELY AFTER YOU EXPLAINED THE MECHANISMS OF EBOLA, I JUST WENT "Oh." Because, yeah, that is the plague inc strat, go undetected, spread a bit, then, BAM! SYMPTOM WATERFALL! ANNIHILATION COMPLETE!
This might be a bit dumb, but why do viruses bother with antibodies? I know that in multicelllular organisms it helps with cell signaling but it seems like it should have evolved out of viruses?
I have stumbled upon your channel as a biology passionate and hopefully, a future medicine student and dear Gods, I can tell I’ve struck gold! You’re humorious, you have nice graphics and voice and you explain everything in a detailed but not boring way. And you talk about my favorite topic! Diseases! The only con is that you have a small amount of videos, since your channel is pretty new, but that’ll change with time I’m sure. Just keep it up, bud :) I can tell you have become one of my fave youtube channels from now on.
@@phylumchannel I've heard you mention this a few times and I'm genuinely very curious what about the "greek nature" actually implies this pronounciation. The word comes from apo + ptosis, right? pt was a perfectly fine consonant cluster in ancient greek and it was pronounced as /pt/ according to everything I can find on that. Why shouldn't I pronounce the p? Do these people also not pronounce the p in helicopter? It's the same situation there (helico + pter)
hi youtube i don't want to watch videos on ebola please honor my not interested flag thank you *clicks not interested because i am not interested in ebola*
To try everything Brilliant has to offer-free-for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/PhyTheNeutrophil/ . You’ll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
nuh uh
Congrats on getting a sponsor.
@@fireiceuk9221 thank you!!
Medicine is one of the few places im actually excited about the developments in ai
I talked a a girl about this she works at a hospital and she is training the ai to recognize proteins of pathogens. This could be pretty cool, automating administering drugs for bacterial and viral infections instead of having to go by symptoms
@@sakesaurus Image recognition is a solved problem tho. Why use AI for it? It feels wasteful.
@AOSP-is-still-Linux Image recognition is AI. AI is not only limited to Generative AI or chatgpt but a very wide discipline involved with a multitude of different methods, Image recognition is one of the largest uses of AI and far from being a "solved problem" it is one of the more rapidly advancing,active and exciting subfields.
@AOSP-is-still-Linux
Mostly trickier problems within protein structures such as protein folding. Think of proteins as segmented ribbons in a 3-D space with each segment having a certain degree of charge creating forces that attract and repel. Except proteins are ridiculously complicated and interact with each other at times.
This... 'protein origami" is so immensely complex that we do not have enough computing power to accurately simulate each step. So AI can 'guessimate' how each intermediate step will fold. And we can feed it confirmation that the end result is as it predicted and train it up to be more accurate.
@@Kyrolysis Thanks for the explanation
A number of you have asked a great question - why is the untreated Ebola survival rate at 50%? If Ebola so thoroughly trounces the immune system, how does anybody survive? This is a difficult question to answer - upon looking at the literature, Ebola viral load is a major determinant of Ebola prognosis. One reason this might happen is infection with a less virulent Ebola strain, or certain patients might have immune systems that are slightly better at eeking out an antiviral response. One could speculate that if the immune system is slightly better at mounting an early response, that might buy some b-cells the time to make the right antibody.
@@phylumchannel activating the wrong B cells shouldn't prevent the right obes from being activated later, so maybe it mainly depends on how early the correct B cells get activated
Please do a video on Yersinia Pestis (plague). I've always been so fascinated as to how our immune systems are literally completely helpless against this bacterium, but can't find any good video on it.
yersinia pestis is going to be a BIIIIG one. it may or may not be The Big One i release in 2025 or 2026.
@@phylumchannel I can't wait to see it. No other bacterium is quite so incredibly amazing at completely overwhelming our immune system, and this one has fascinated me because other Yersinia species only cause minor disease, if any disease at all.
It's almost like this bacterium was DESIGNED to completely annihilate us, even though humans are only an accidental host for this bacterium.
i’m super excited to see this, it’s always been interesting to hear about
Oh yeah full agree with you here, Yersinia Pestis has always been interesting for me as well in how it does what it does and so effectively.
@@deathclawproductions6723 It's especially fascinating as the other Yersinia bacteria only cause very mild illness, and it evolved from a pathogen that causes a minor stomach bug. TWO mutations turned it from a stomach bug to a mass murdering killing machine. And humans aren't even the intended host of Y Pestis.
Virology PhD student here with collegues who worked on EboV! Thank you for mentioning the phosphatidyl serine story, it's super cool!
I'd love to know what your colleagues think!
Ebola is like an anime villain that always has a counter to our heroes.
@@secondbeamship Cells at Work final boss
Okay the 'misinformation insurance' logo is pretty tight wow.
@@Clockworkbio real
Wassup!
omg, clockwork is here :O
10/10
@johannbauer2863 The only reason I make videos is because I was starving for biology content. I'm a MASSIVE Phy stan for life.
"If immune system came back to his full power,he might cause me a little trouble"
"Would you lose?"
"Nah, I'd Win"
I recently graduated from a biology degree, but along the way I became burnt out. Your videos have helped me in rediscovering my love of biology. Being well presented and researched, and in a higher level of biological detail than most things I'd find on UA-cam, these are exactly the kind of thing I need. I feel like my brain's waking up a bit again and I'm remembering and learning biology again. I enjoy your humour a lot too, it's an important part of your appeal
Im just overwhelmed by your quality content! Take my money and never shut up!
🫡
Please do group b streptococcus next - especially in neonatals.
It is sadly not covered enough, and even a still significant risk in some developed countries.
one day for sure!
Ebola: the final boss of Cells at Work. Disaster level: God.
EBOLA MAIN WEAKNESS AND ACESSEHEEL: soap water hand wasthing taking showers, tolet paper, baby wipes, rubing alcoal and moderns medcal satsion cleaing and hazzerd handling proacgers. also proper septation of bioglacl waste and fresh water also is major factor preveing elboas spread into most contreys with proeper medical fecitles with proper sanation and contamtn procedors.
So to sum it up, this virus has plot armor
I am powerless to stop myself watching a new Phy video.
Would be cool to see a video on Dengue virus, how a single mutation results in inefficient furin-mediated cleavage of prM glycoprotein resulting in a population of immature and partially immature (mosaic) virions that can cause antibody dependent enhancement, how that relates to being infected by different DENV serotypes, and how that informs us about vaccine development. Also a video on SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of variants would be cool too!
Very well made video. The tone was perfect: serious but still a couple of gags and jokes in the right places. Congrates on the Brilliant sponsor btw
Thank you!!!
Just found this chanel
I haven't find biology based youtube chanel, that good...!
Subscribed :)
BSL-4s are scary. I'd love to see you do a video on the grim reaper known as Variola (aka smallpox). I've always been a bit awestruck by the story of how humanity went to war and exterminated the thing, but it sure is one historic virus.
... Which probably means that video will take until the 2030s, but I'll dig in the couch cushions and find some patience.
Question; what could motivate a virus to evolve to become so deadly as Ebola? Isn't it better to keep the host alive for as long as possible?
If there’s any animal that it needs to be that strong against it’s a bat.
Sometimes, culture provides the perfect answer. Someone dies of ebola, and their family.members come.to.wash the body. They get infected and pass it on. And the cycle continues. But the real answer is that the ebola is only this deadly because of our immune e system. Other creatures, like certain bats can live with ebola,.with no problem..
Ebola's natural reservoir is still unknown, but it's been confirmed to be a significantly less dramatic disease in bats. Rendering humans as carrion may be beneficial if there's a scavenger that also relatively passively carries it, but there's a fair chance it's just an unfortunate side effect of it being introduced to an environment unprepared for it.
@angrymokyuu9475 Ebola's natural reservoir is in bats.
Bats are fucking weird things - They have the best antiviral immunity in all known animals but have zero antifungal immunity
i love u so much. u are literally one of my fav youtube channels ever! i always wanted find a beautiful channel with immunology
God I hate my English. The 16-minute movie I watched with a translator for probably more than 40 minutes, and I still didn't understand everything. But it was still worth it, great video
i speak perfect english and didn't understand all of this lol
Never stop these types of videos! Brilliantly presented and loads of fascinating detail!
Honey, wake up, the GOAT droped a new banger
I am currently doing A-Level Biology and Chemistry first-year, and my dream job is to become a researcher on the immune system. I discovered my love for this from Kurzgesagt (although science books laid down the foundations long before) and about three months ago I found your channel and instantly clicked with you. For me, seeing your videos has become a special occasion and I am currently typing this with hot chocolate in my mug to celebrate. Thanks for the video :)
good luck in your studies!
@@phylumchannel thank you! currently doing histology in classification (Bio.), proteins in human (Bio.), alcohols in organic (Chem.) and i think we just finished hydrogen bonds in inorganic (Chem.)
It would be great to do a video on the history of H5N1! I love your pathogen videos!
I have been wondering why the algorithm left me w/o scientific content for a year. I am pleased to report a change in this pattern. You have earned yourself a subscriber, Sir!
Your content is the literal definition of 'underrated'
I do love how the ebola virus looks like a hydra
would be really cool to see you talk about covid in detail like this!
1:24 50% survival? I thought it was much deadlier than that
Every time is see a video from this channel I am amazed by the quality vs size
Great video, thanks for synthesizing this information, it must have taken a long time. Please keep making these
So, the untreated death rate for ebola is 50%, right? But as you stated in the video, the ebola virus does a pretty great job of shutting down the inmune system and staving off any defense. So, what happens in those 50% of cases were the victim doesnt die? What part of the inmune system is still able to fight off the virus in those cases?
Oh wait, just saw your other comment lol
Mmmmmmm ebola, the reason why I went into virology in the first place
The trypanosomes are also a cool example of eukaryotic parasites that also use variable surface glycoproteins to evade the immune system, it's fascinating!
Such a cool video, love the pathology videos you’ve got as it’s my biggest passion (even planning to go to school for a career in neuropathology once I graduate high school!) Ebola was one of the diseases I recently covered in my AP Art project too, it’s so cool to me that something so small can be so dangerous. And personally despite the risks, i would love to one day work with Ebola or Marburg to figure out what exactly makes them tick and contribute to the research of deadly pathogens like them! For now though, videos like this and scouring through the cdc and library of medicine databases will have to sate my hunger for more pathology knowledge :)
Another great video as always. Can’t wait to see what’s next.
kung pow references? im sold
there are so many good one liners from that movie...
Osmosis jones review 🥺
aw yeah we got a upload
2013...? oh god It still feels like last week
Great work
Watching this whilst building a lego sailboat, thanks a ton, Phy!
Biology videos are already so intriguing, but the ones made by a certain immune cell are irresistible. its too interesting
VP35 is the biggest op
Video suggestion: Cases where the immune system succeeds for once. Maybe with various pathogens that make it further and further into the defences.
Interesting idea! I'll have to think about that one!
0:14 what in the scp?
me when the containment breach
Would love to see a vid on some "classic" encapsulated pathogens like the pneumococcus or B. anthracis, or maybe ones that form biofilms (K. pneumoniae is one of them I believe?). Sure, they're not as trendy on the news as ebola or rabies, but they're pretty neat defense mechanisms/virulence factors that could use the attention
So, rabies is the key to immortality you say....
Cool vid man
This video has caused me to realize... my strategy for my plague inc... is literally just
"Hey Ebola, can I copy your homework?"
"Sure, just change it up a bit so you don't get caught."
BECAUSE IMMEDIATELY AFTER YOU EXPLAINED THE MECHANISMS OF EBOLA, I JUST WENT "Oh."
Because, yeah, that is the plague inc strat, go undetected, spread a bit, then, BAM! SYMPTOM WATERFALL! ANNIHILATION COMPLETE!
So the ebola virus is a stand user?
B Cell: My [B antibody] cannot be deflected!
This might be a bit dumb, but why do viruses bother with antibodies? I know that in multicelllular organisms it helps with cell signaling but it seems like it should have evolved out of viruses?
OMG PHY POSTED!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
see with the bacteria phage stream will you make a video on them
1um! Thats a chunky virus!
Hey, how's your day going? I hope it's great. I wanted to ask you some questions about biology, if you have time, please talk to me here in replies.
Cross check the OG version genome of C19 for the immune evasion factor. 😮💀
I have stumbled upon your channel as a biology passionate and hopefully, a future medicine student and dear Gods, I can tell I’ve struck gold!
You’re humorious, you have nice graphics and voice and you explain everything in a detailed but not boring way. And you talk about my favorite topic! Diseases!
The only con is that you have a small amount of videos, since your channel is pretty new, but that’ll change with time I’m sure. Just keep it up, bud :)
I can tell you have become one of my fave youtube channels from now on.
The question is, was these traits Evolved... or Designed?
oh lawd
where evolution?
I am scared.
@phylumchannel Can you do HIV. ebola seems to be very similar to hiv.
I feel like you should create chubbyemu-ish videos. 2 chubbyemus would be pretty sweet.
Isn't it pronounced apoptosis?
apparently not, haha. Apoptosis nerds love correcting people due to the greek nature of the word.
@@phylumchannel I've heard you mention this a few times and I'm genuinely very curious what about the "greek nature" actually implies this pronounciation. The word comes from apo + ptosis, right? pt was a perfectly fine consonant cluster in ancient greek and it was pronounced as /pt/ according to everything I can find on that. Why shouldn't I pronounce the p? Do these people also not pronounce the p in helicopter? It's the same situation there (helico + pter)
Never been this early, lets go
Do plague inc cure mode
This vidya is so cool
damn....
nice
❤
speak for yourself
wow so early
hi youtube i don't want to watch videos on ebola please honor my not interested flag thank you *clicks not interested because i am not interested in ebola*
Dude the ebola scare was so funny back in thw day