XRD Analysis: Full Width At Half Maximum FWHM Interpretation

Every crystalline material exhibits its unique characteristics shape/pattern for identification just like a "fingerprint" for human identification.
Using Scherrer equation, the peak width (FWHM) can be link to the crystal/crystallite sizes/ (if and only if, the crystallite size in nanoscale range).
D= κλ/βcosθ
D is the crystallite size (which may be smaller or equal to the grain size) which may be smaller or equal to the particle size; should be in nm
k is constant, dimensionless shape factor depends on the crystallite shape (~0.89 - 1). For homogeneous sample (k = 0.94) and for heterogeneous sample (k = 0.89).
lambda is the wavelength of the incident X-rays (if Cu-Kalpha~0.154 nm or Co -Kalpha ~0.179 nm).
B is the full width at half maximum (FWHM), measured in radian (we have to convert the degree value to radian)
Theta is the diffracted Bragg angle (theta = 50/2 = 25 degree)

[@EFTcoach111]

U deserve an appreciation from the core of the heart, lucid, n really well explained, plz sir make more n more videos or xrd n other such techniques

[@qamarwali]

Right, I will make. I am very thankful for your nicest words .

[@MuhammadHassan-uu4of]

sir, please tells us the complete method how you plot this xrd graph of multiple samples in origin ? and how to make the table in my result lab operator did'nt send me word file

[@qamarwali]

Response to the first question: To draw multiple XRD in one graph is called Stack plot. Pleas watch this video ua-cam.com/video/srz_YBjU02I/v-deo.html
Response to the second question: You should ask the XRD operator to provide the Word and excel file. The system has these files. By the way how will you draw the XRD plot if you don't have these files ?

[@MuhammadHassan-uu4of]

@@qamarwali they send me the all the sample result in coded form which can be used in origin to make the full plot

[@qamarwali]

I got it. They sent the raw data in Text file. Then you have to convert it to excel or origin to plot it.
Anyways, in my case during my PhD, the XRD operator provided both with excel file as well as the Word file that contains all the data such as intensity vs 2 theta and the Table contains all peaks miller indices and the d-value etc....
Wish you good luck!

[@MuhammadHassan-uu4of]

@@qamarwali i know how to convert it in excel file and how to paste it in origin but i don't know how to plot the XRD graph and also the how i know my graph JCPDS card number that's all the question which i want to solve someone who tell me in his video

[@qamarwali]

@MuhammadHassan-uu4of how to draw it ? I have shown in many videos like the one I provided for the stack plot.
For the ICDD card , please watch my videos
There is a dedicated playlist where I covered most of the XRD related topics

[@sivarao7126]

it is soo direct to point, highly recomended.

[@qamarwali]

Welcome and thank you for nice comments

[@amberhhh6056]

you saved my degree. thanks you sir

[@wafazina4225]

Great work, I have a question: the width of a peak profile can be described by two parameters : FWHM and Integral breadth (IB) which inversely proportional to crystalline size in amorphous or crystalline material. So what is the important of using FWHM and IB ( NOT difinition).. thanks a lot

[@qamarwali]

Actually what I understand is, peak width tells about whether the material is single, poly crystalline or amorphous. If sharp peak, the former while broad peaks shows the later.
FWHM helps in finding the size of crysatallite using Scherr's formula

[@AnwarAli-ee3ch]

MashaAllah sir g May Allah live you long....

[@AnwarAli-ee3ch]

Sir why we take cos@ in scherrers equation

[@qamarwali]

I am not well sure but there is angle factor when measuring XRD of a sample and we must need to use the function cos or sin because this angle is varying.

[@sairayasmeen5345]

Sir i got the value of FWHM from origen software, now directly i have to convert it in radian or first i have to devide the value by 2 as it was 2theta??

[@qamarwali]

Yes convert to radian and then divide by 180 or pi. But please also confirm it from some one.

[@shaizikhan8805]

Thank you for such a useful information. i have a question can you please tell us that what is the range of sherrer formula? why we take FWHM in radian why not in degree same question for cos theta? why we have to convert it into radians

[@shahzadahmed5012]

Nice video. Allah bless you. Can you please make a video on XPS technique especially the analysis part.

[@qamarwali]

Thank you very much for your appreciation. Sure I will make asap.

[@shahzadahmed5012]

@@qamarwali thank you so much. I am waiting for your next lecture. Seriously I learned very deep concept from your lecture.

[@geetajoshi7171]

why we take just FWHM why not another lenght ????

[@qamarwali]

Actually we are interested in Peak.

[@AnangKatyayanrandomvideos]

thanks for the video, they are very helpful for me..

[@qamarwali]

I m happy it helps.

[@qbird3713]

Is FWHM in 2 theta or just theta in the scherrer's equation?

[@qamarwali]

Understood. The 2 theta must be divided by 2 to get theta as in the Sherrers equation, tere is theta, not 2 theta.

[@Attaullah-jr1py]

Thank you so much sir G you make everything easeyfor us

[@qamarwali]

I am happy it helps. Welcome

[@michaelviti5091]

This was great! Thanks so much!!

[@qamarwali]

I am happy it helps

[@maryamdaud1018]

Well appreciated 👍

[@qamarwali]

Thanks 😊

[@techtimes1985]

Superb man,

[@qamarwali]

Thank you

[@vinnis5080]

Great work 👍

[@qamarwali]

You are welcome

[@Shade4C]

Thank you sir

[@ainaalharthy9747]

Thank u so much🙏

[@qamarwali]

Welcome

[@johncorabi5676]

1.18-1.20 it was an invocation XD

[@qamarwali]

Sorry I don't understand

[@johncorabi5676]

@@qamarwali 1.18 - 1.20 me neither

[@qamarwali]

@@johncorabi5676 Oh I see. You are talking about this particular time duration. Let me check it

[@NaseemKhan-hl3jh]

Kindly make vedios in urdu on this

[@qamarwali]

Noted