Normative and Informational Social Influence - Social Influence - Psychology A-Level Revision Tool

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In this video, we discuss Deutsch and Gerard's (1955) Dual Process Model of Social Influence. This model proposes two forms of social influence - normative social influence (NSI) and informational social influence (ISI).
At the end of the video, we also introduce Turners (1987) Self-Categorization Theory into the mix, and discuss his proposal of a unified Referent Informational Influence to replace NSI and ISI.
The key references in this area are:
Deutsch & Gerard (1955) - Dual Process Model of Social Influence (Normative Social Influence and Informational Social Influence)
Asch (1951) - Lines Study of Social Conformity, as an example of Normative Social Influence
Sherif (1935) - Autokinetic Effect Study, as an example of Informational Social Influence
Moscovici & Personnaz (1980) - Chromatic Afterimage Effect, as an example of Informational Social Influence (or Referent Informational Influence)
Boyanowski & Allen (1973) - Racial prejudice and social influence study, as an example of Referent Informational Influence
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[@benjohnxxx]

Thanks

[@elliotreeves7579]

This is great, thank you

[@PsychologyUnlocked]

Thanks Elliot

[@anchenita26]

Thank you!

[@PsychologyUnlocked]

You're welcome!

[@ninavlogs6898]

I just wrote an essay and thought Asch was informational social influence as it's the desire to be correct and shows how we are willing to change our actions to conform.

[@PsychologyUnlocked]

The way we can tell whether Asch's participants were trying to give the correct answer (using informational social influence) or the same answer as everyone else in the group (normative social influence) is by asking them privately after the group experiment. If they still give the same answers that the rest of the group were giving (even though this is the wrong answer) then we could say that it was informational social influence at work.
When Asch did this private session to check, the participants gave the correct answer (not the group's answer). This shows us that the participants who gave the wrong answer in the group knew that it was the wrong answer, but they wanted to fit in with the group. Because the influence was to fit in with the norm, it's an example of normative social influence.

[@ninavlogs6898]

Psychology Unlocked I see, thanks. I was a bit confused. Is there a study for informational that I could refer to instead? (sorry if you answered this in the video.)

[@PsychologyUnlocked]

I would use something like Sheriff's autokinetic effect study or have a look at the chromatic after image effect study in our minority influence video. Both of those are demonstrations of informational social influence because when the participants were tested privately afterwards they maintained the answers that the group had "taught" them.
Almost any study on minority influence would be a good example for informational influence because minorities are trying to challenge the group norm (so obviously can't rely on normative influence).
You can even refer to topical events (such as minority protests and campaigns becoming mainstream) as examples to show how you can apply the theory to the "real world", but make sure you still back up your points with references to studies!!

[@thegingerfuljourney9335]

Hello, Thank you for the video it was really helpful. I really agree with Turner's theory about Self-Categorisation however this doesn't appear in my AQA study books. Would you advise this still to be a relevant variable that I can out across in my exams?

[@PsychologyUnlocked]

Hello Gingerful Journey! Yeah, you can absolutely use Turner's theory in your exam answers - it's a great theory and shows a level of reading beyond the course as well, which is impressive to the examiner... The thing to be mindful of when going beyond the course material is to make sure that you still demonstrate a clear understanding of the specific points mentioned in the syllabus. So you could refer to something in the syllabus and then critique it using Self-Categorisation as the basis of your critique. In terms of "playing the exam game" it's better to use additional sources in this way, than to only talk about the extras and not show the examiner that you've also read and understood the core syllabus.
If you're interested in Turner's theory, it's also worth having a read of Tajfel's Social Identity Theory :)
Good luck for your exams!