The Secret Life of Social Norms | Michele Gelfand, PhD | TEDxPaloAltoSalon
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- Опубліковано 29 лис 2018
- Take an epic journey through human cultures with cross-cultural psychologist Michele Gelfand, PhD as she describes how tight and loose cultures wire our world.
This talk was part of TEDxPaloAltoSalon, Imagine Anew, held on October 28, 2018. For more information about TEDxPaloAlto and TEDxPaloAltoSalon please visit www.tedxpaloalto.com. Michele Gelfand, PhD, is Distinguished University Professor at the University of Maryland, College Park. She uses field, experimental, computational and neuroscientific methods to understand the evolution of culture and its multilevel consequences for human groups.
Gelfand's work has been cited over 20,000 times and has been featured in The Washington Post, The NY Times, The Boston Globe, NPR, Voice of America, Fox News, NBC News, ABC News, The Economist and De Standard.
She is the founding co-editor of the Advances in Culture and Psychology Annual Series and the Frontiers of Culture and Psychology series (Oxford University Press) and the co-author of The Handbook of Negotiation and Culture (2004, Stanford University Press), Values, Political Action, and Change in the Middle East and the Arab Spring (2017, Oxford University Press) and Rule Makers, Rule Breakers: How Tight and Loose Cultures Wire our World (2018, Scribner).
For a full bio please see www.TEDxPaloAlto.com This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at www.ted.com/tedx
Brings a whole new meaning to "lefty loosey, righty tighty."
LOL! omg I never thought of it that way!! :)
Indeed. And by extension, it has real-world implications if you want things to stay together or fall apart.
anyone here cause of school 😭
Im wid chu😞
yup 💔
:(
akron u gang
No, how come?
Superbly written and delivered, and like many of the best ideas, easily graspable on the surface but huge research potential. Bravo!
She is an amazing speaker, and this was amazingly written!
*I can't give you a sure-fire formula for success, but I can give you a formula for failure: try to please everybody all the time.*
I concur completely, especially regarding family and friends, more so family!....love and respect for those closest to us doesn't automatically equate to obligation. In our heads we tend to fear the illusion of loss of their respect.
Great worth adopting idea for a happier life.
The behavior in traffic is a great example of this mindset.
Loose mindset: rules are there to break
Tight mindset: rules are there to obey and not question
Excellent talk. Thanks from NZ
Summary of the video in one word "BALANCE"
Summary in 16:22
1. Understand your tight-loose mindset
2. Cultivate empathy for other's mindset
3. Harness the power of social norms to better the world
i honestly loved this
Years ago, I lived in Singapore. There was even an inspector that would come into my house to inspect for mosquitoes. Very clean country. No flys. Very strict rules, but easy to live with.
Mosquitoes spread malaria and dengue in tropical countries
Great and important talk.
Thanks for sharing this interesting talk!
Balance is the first step toward harmony
Harmony is an ever-changing state of balance...
Super interesting topic!
Incredible insight
Balance is exactly what is hard to achieve.
Great lecture.
Great talk
*Social norms are subjective “situation ‘ethics,’” (which always leads to double “standards”), and thus relativistic as they are continually evolving and cannot be clearly defined.*
The most important thing is to find a balance
How's the balance going in Poland these days?
@@oliversissonphone6143 everyone is looking for balance in their own way, the most important common sense 🤞
*WHOEVER IS READING THIS HAVE A NICE DAY*
Have a nice day too 🙂
Thank you! You have a nice day too
YOU TOO!!!
Great video
I must meet this wizard lol
OMG! SHE NILLED IT!
Great work
Great talk...
Thanks much, I hope you like the book RULE MAKERS RULE BREAKERS which expands upon all of this!
Thanks!!
Good topic, Lady. Cualture is one side of the human less developed in the last twenty years. Congratulation from Ecuador (South America)
The right balance between tightness and looseness. The power of slack.
This may sound like a cop-out, but I think the one that is better is the one that is responsive to your situation. If people are experiencing physical threat, I can't advise them to be more loose (thinking rules on a construction site). However often times threat can be more perceived than experienced.
You make an important point that she did not have time to address given the limitations of a TED talk. There is no doubt that beliefs -- religious, ideological, etc. -- have a profound impact on what people perceive as a threat. "The Coddling of the American Mind" by Lukianoff and Haidt delineates how those differing perceptions play out generationally.
Please add subtitles
Çok güzel bir konuşma Türkler kendini belli etsin 🇹🇷 Greetings from Türkiye 👋
Altyazı olsaydı iyi olurdu da çünkü hepsini anlayamadım
Perception... is a huge thing in this world..
I once read about study how natural recources and social norms have connection. If area or coutry is low on natural resources, it has tight social norms and vice versa. Bringing western values to countries low on natural resources is like waisting time. And people coming from those areas to open societys think we are living wrong in our home coutries.
Ahh, that time, and its expandable waist!
IS THERE ANY LINK BETWEEN VACCINE HESITATION and tightness and looseness of social norms.
I don't know what her idea of "tightening" the internet looks like. But I feel the act of doing so would some how take away freedom of expression and speech. So I'm not too accepting of her idea in regards to the internet. But everything else, as far as social norms applies in a physical environment, makes sense. It makes sense that balance is required. However I feel like the idea of "tight" and "loose" is a little too broad of a concept to apply the many problems we face in our societies. The very idea of "tight" and "loose" can be deciphered in many different ways which potentially could be dangerous.
Check out my book RULE MAKERS, RULE BREAKERS to learn more--I think you'll see the concept applies to many problems, populism, terrorism, climate change (see chapter 10 and 11).
I'd go with choking off Twitter, as that tech has more likely undone both civility and capacity to reflect upon, evaluate, think. Like a projectile weapon, it is largely used for drive-by shooting.
Tight versus loose - Conscientiousness versus Openness to experience.
Partly yes, but also at the individual level self-monitoring and self-regulation
@@michelegelfand7115 Is Australia tight or loose?
@@michelegelfand7115 Internet causes tightening because gossip and news on bad behavior spread rapidly though internet. We see this with phenomenon of on line shaming.
Loved this until the end... the internet does not need tightening in my opinion. It's supposed to be normless.. we have free will to ignore or pass on anything that might be offensive, etc., on the internet. Just my 2 cents.
Agreed.
It's very complicated--but I do believe that we need a balance of constraint and latitude on the internet as we have in regular face to face interactions. See my book RULE MAKERS, RULE BREAKERS for more information on how the anonymity of social media produces a ton of normless behavior
I understand and respect your opinion :) I dont much use social media anymore, it's toxic to one's health, the way its abused.
The internet should be as loose as possible. Rule breakers will easily find ways to circumvene restrictions on the internet. Tightening it only makes it much worse for everyone.
hi guys!
Very interesting. I just dont agree with the working vs upper class behaviour in terms of tightness - the upper classes have always been very tight on social behavior, way of dressing, way of speaking (such as not swearing and loudness), what activities they can do. Interesting that the studies mentioned by the speaker didn't find this pattern when it's very visible in all societies
Maybe because it’s a norm….. just like if you go to a lower class society it’s the exact opposite…. It’s a normal behavior in that area around them the speaker is speaking depth of the social factors involved
Upper class people may be tight in that aspect because technically they are facing a threat- alienation from other upper class people, which may lead to their status as upper class being diluted.
It may be that the loose-tight distinction is moderated by the particularistic-universalistic dynamic: particularistic cultures apply their norms only to themselves; non-members are generally given a pass, or there is more tolerance for deviating from norms. Universalistic cultures apply their norms to everybody; norms may be enforced more loosely, but people -- members and non-members alike -- are still evaluated and treated in accordance with those norms. And, of course, the 3rd Law of Social Science also applies: It's more complicated than that.
video liked just because of the wizard of NZ factoid :)
I would rather live in New Zeland than in Singapore. Life in Singapore and Japan sounds suffocating and constricting.
When you say secret it's clear that I'll watch the video
Alpha Strength literally
.
People in different places adhere to different rules [as hands dance up and down , back and forth, like - follow the syllable ball], cute little stories because, well, you know = social arts vs objective sciences making a point.
I disagree about tight cultures have less alcoholism. Self-medicating adaptive behaviors can be broad and tight cultures cause more problems with creating false self that deviates greatly from the true self. For instance, look at the consequence at perfectionist parenting.
Also, Japan has lots of alcohol on after-work drinks with the boss.
Great point, the data do show less alcoholism in both nations and states, but there could be other forms of release in very tight cultures. Also I talk about perfectionist parenting in my book RULE MAKERS, RULE BREAKERS.
@@michelegelfand7115 Thank you for the response. It's unprecedented and appreciated.
Communal narcissism is a product of tight parenting.
Yup, alcohol acts symbolically as well as through its GABAergic problematic induced dementia, and release of poor social impulsiveness.
Culture and traditions are beautiful values. Culture,society, identity,language and moral/ethic laws/norms are essencial parts of all individuals.
Culture = social norms....... Sometimes however what is considered normal in a society is actually dysfunctional - especially regarding boundries: who is responsible for what..... or so it seems in some families and/or communities....
Nothing wrong with private businesses or individuals choosing to enforce masks, wear masks, or enforce vaccines for customers/employees. The problem is government mandates, whether that community is tight or loose.
How can I get to the quiz??
Just google Michelle Gelfand quiz.
Saying the internet is normless is... not really true. It just accomodates many cultures and subcultures and they create their own communities with their own norms. It's just that these cultures aren't separated geographically.
In certain ways, I don't believe in society and norms. As far as I can tell, these things go without context and undermine it. To clarify with an example, what would you guys think of a guy who started high school at age 16 and graduated at 20, with no context about his background whatsoever?
If a loose culture is open to different people with different religion, etc. does that mean that its a loose culture or that no culture at all is in play, because there are so many different cultures that there is no overarching culture?
The data show that people in loose cultures agree that the culture is permissive--that suggests there is a culture--it's just that it is very tolerant
But if the culture is loose and permissive doesnt that mean that other cultures/cultural influences also permeate the culture which changes the culture as a whole?
Im from Germany and when I was young I said: "German culture is that many cultures are represented."
Its like a cake recipe. Tight is perfect following of the recipe but loose is like a loose following of the recipe and maybe adding two or three more ingredients. then more/less of the other ingredients and maybe replace the brown sugar with stevia. Until when it is still the same cake?
Tight vs. Loose? Authoritarian vs. Anarchy. It applies to culture as well as law. That's all this is about. Looking at the two ends of a dimensional continuum and calling it tight vs. loose is okay.
Liberia and Somalia would be very loose.
I live in a country with loose social norms and it is unbearable.
Wow interesting .... any body Nepalese is here please fellow mee..
"No other species has it?" Under which stone has this lady been living?
Doesn't take away this is a great talk and she's a great speaker.
tight
How about feroe islands are they tight or loose?
Not sure, what do you think!
Kinda loose, but still almost no one has committed any crime as far as I know
Wait, some people I know have gotten speeding tickets
Use threat to tighten and safety to loosen
Exactly--we're doing experiments now on the latter
Oysaki daha yeni gelmiştim ama İngilizce bilemediğim için geri gidiyorum
I would rather live in New Zealand, than Singapore.
Traducción en español
IfJapan has tight culture but people are technically sound.
Yeah, they function biologically quite well. Should one be amazed?
The video thumbnail should have been her flipping the bird.
Hello from azerbaijan
Hey! How are you? How is it going in Azerbaïdjan ?
@@mhkjunior2768 l am fine my frend azerbaijan is great country it is gafgaz s star shine too l live in baku that is moderin and old city
Bruh, what has FACS brought me too?
Belarus and China are very tight.
Rude states are more tolerant and fun - very paradoxical.
Culture
I'm not sure how you came to these conclusions but Texas is most definitely loose from what I can tell of your metrics. The saying there goes, "It is better to ask forgiveness, than permission."
TO BE ABSOLUTELY CLEAR, Culture is NOT homogeneous. You can blend & distill to get a national character. Culture is heterogeneous, especially in heavily diverse cities & neighborhoods. In fact some are trying to shock or stand out.
16:28
is she cidney in scream film?
Nahed Ibrahim no.
@@theshape7214 ok.. tkank you.
😀 experience
*. . . one can hardly pack more biases in 15 minutes than shown in this short presentation . . .*
I have heard in certain dense & tight population Cultures, the first words out of both drivers mouths involved in an accident is SORRY.
👌
Facebook has become very tight, I feel I am walking on eggshells on facebook because I might violate rules.
God as punisher/God as love.
Hmmm...you didn't mention religion: Good idea.
En español o frances please.
La cultura es un valor muy importante. En diferentes paises hay diferentes culturas y leyes sociales.
Les normes socials sont très important,parce qu'ils améliorent le comportement des gens.
bruh mrs warren
Her data (in USA) is completely off and biased. I've lived in Boston for many years and now in the south. I hated Boston because of its tight culture, and came here specifically because of how loose it is in the south. I hate when these intellectuals speak like they're saying the truth; they are mostly fudging data and variables to get the results they want/expect to see.
You are not going to get punished in south for burping and flipping people off.
👍
One correction not spoken of openly in our culture - and therefore you not incorrect kinda- that is all animals have a cultural even when they are held captive to supply love to big headed self righteous people.
Am I the only one that can't figure out what she's saying at 5:03 ??? 😂
umbrellas ay ay ay
For a less anthropocentric , less vague and narrow view of culture, look to social science, and work on Japanese Macaques (the sweet potato-washing acquisition and variants), the mammalian conscious and direct instruction from birds to bears.
Then note that human culture is persistent within individuals, just as it is in other animals.
Social norms are indeed enforced within animal groups, and some do have differing incidence of norm violations.
Humans are merely more intraspecies-attentive, less able or willing to note obvious cultural learning, development, and activity in other species.
While human adults are, as I said, resistant to change, they are really only malleable within noticeably narrow limits. (gun is an Amazonian and Central American phenomenon. it is stress-relieving, due to the neurological wiring of chewing with stress-reduction.
Eating is not a safe occupation when under acute stress, and so, like ALL behavior both self-signals - to Parasympathetic circuitry, inn the case of chewing, and signals to others, that one is less likely to threaten during feeding, unless food is taken - a articular learned norm violation in a species with which I'm familiar - one that remains facultative!
In fact,I first highly attentively noted intraspecific cultural difference in a circumstance of intimacy with a highly facultatively behaving mammal, and the entrance into proximity of a human member of a culture that regarded that animal as "unclean". Observing the extreme discomfort of the human (the other, a dangerous-looking recognized as wild, in its real meaning - self-willed, animal is one of a highly communicative social species, that exhibits numerous intentional communications, and very specific discriminatory response, along with far clearer signaling of individual social attitudes to specific situations, to which few humans are alert).
In life, it remains wisest to recognize that we are ambassadors, exquisitely attentive to the social norms of others. Tis quality has been remarked on as rare by indigenous and those to whose territories we, humans and US citizens, travel.
The very discriminatory deer who enter my large yard, as well as a bear we often met, long-accustomed to individuals, although she raised her successive offspring in a manner promoting their safety, constantly illustrate both individual capacity to learn lifelong, and greater attention than is common among ourselves.
They ALL clearly signal, both consciously and in other, ways, their desires and norms.
We , like other species, individually, socially,, and culturally learn. Wild dolphins of my childhood were able to recognize our intent, and transcended careful norms in response to our own not being adults. This is a curious thing, this evaluative, contingent capacity for behavior.
We ourselves must NOT let culture become mere alluring and inaccurate heuristic. We will miss most communication and experience.
(I eagerly wear a mask for your protection, though it is less useful for me than respirator, goggles, level-4 PPE)
anything about culture. Really, overspecialization.
Japan have crimes. some are random killings.
So, the researcher needs to study the nature of the crime, not the quantity of crimes.
How do we know for a fact that other animals don't have culture? 😅
Animal cultures HAVE pecking orders, use of tools, convey hunting methods, & may restrict thru combat or punishment who can mate.
Get rid of musterbation.
*where is your mask*
Is normal to wipe melon with tissue
im a normie boies
Understanding culture is easy - don’t study it through the behavioral school of social science with sociology and social psychology - and instead study it through the naturalist school of social science with reductionism to evolutionary biology. Evolutionary biology identifies that the human species and condition is determined by the biological phenomenon of tribalism, specifically church-state tribalism. Tribalism manifests through a ubiquitous hierarchy of institutions, spanning militarism, religion (the top two hierarchical positions of militarism and religion establish the ubiquitous church-state system), politics, economics, and culture, in that order. Human tribalism - church-state tribalism - is fundamentally conservative, and conservative values that defend and enable a church-state agenda dominate the supporting institutions of politics, economics, and culture. Liberal and progressive values always exist in a secondary, frequently criticized, and discriminated against capacity. Church-state systems demonstrating liberal and progressive social values remain subject to conservative economic values.
“Tight and loose” are artificial nomenclature verbiage developed by the behavioral school of social science because they don’t understand the biological determinism of tribalism, and church-state tribalism. “Tight and loose” could be considered a way to describe the degree of heightened conservatism, authoritarianism, and punitive consequences, versus liberalism, secularism, and freedom in a society, culture, or environment. Meanwhile, unless understanding the biological phenomenon of tribalism somehow helps you solve the endless problems of violent deluded growth-model church-state tribalism competing in an evolutionary arms race - simply understanding the function culture serves in the hierarchy of church-state tribalism isn’t suddenly going to enable you to design a better world.
Yes, I agree with you! You described what I was thinking in beautiful way. Thank you.
@@ayarikiyo2178 Thanks so much - glad I could help!
Any indian here?
Yes
Use a fork to eat. Not your hands.
@@flyguyry1 that we wll decide okkkk.
@@jboss2824 nop
@@flyguyry1 that's none of your business.
I disagree with how
learnt nothing new from this video. I'm
Do we really learn something important and profund here that we don't know. Michele Gelfand discovered (4:25) "how strictly people abide by social norms...how much we need social norms" ! Wow! Who could think of that? Yet this is very very basic sociology! So basic that we don't need a PhD to get it!
Hope you listened on--the discussion is on what causes tight and loose to evolve and its consequences along with the Goldilock's principle of norms
Arab countries are tight and are not equal as japan or germany, african countries has a lot of threat and aren't developed as japan or singapour.
But yes culture is the key iceland used to be full of young kids involved in drugs and know it different and sweden it's the opposite
ISLAM is tight religion if someone follow it and regulate it there will be so much peace in the world..
ISLAM IS PERFECT but MUSLIMS AREN'T...
SALAAM
this was mediocre. do better ted.
💯