How did the Arabic script come into existence?
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- Опубліковано 7 сер 2023
- This is only a brief history of what the development of the Arabic language may have looked like.
📚To find out more, you can start here:
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/f....
15minutehistory.org/podcast/e...
15minutehistory.org/podcast/e...
🖋The translation of the Namara Inscription (328) is sometimes disputed.
Here's an another possible translation: This phrase has been read by Dusad as: "‘ "ملك العرب كلهking of all Arabs”. If we deal with The Namara Inscription as a classical Arabic text this reading cannot be grammatically right. The word ‘ عربArabs’ is feminine while the pronoun (h) in the word كلهwhich refers to the Arabs is masculine. This contradiction forces us to look for another reading that could settle the gender contradiction. The only one who seriously tried to challenge Dusad’s reading of the word ‘ العربArabs’ was Kropp. He suggested that the word could be read with gh ‘ الغربthe west’ but without noticing the gender problem in the phrase. This was an interesting suggestion. But it needs some kind of fixing. Instead of understanding the word to mean ‘the west’ I suggest that it means: ‘the border’. In Arabic the edge and the border line of everything is called: الغرب،الغراب. So the word could be read as alghurab or algharb: the border. If this is right, then Umruʾū Al-Qays was the king of all of the border area around Namara not the king of all Arabs. Therefore the inscription might be referring to the Roman border line in Syria: Limes Arabicus. Find out more in "The Namara Inscription and the Roman Limes Arabicus" Z. Mohammed, www.academia.edu/42994650/The...
🎵🎼Music: "Energizing" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
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#Arabic #ArabicHistory #History #arabicstudies
This video aggregates hypotheses and recent elements of research regarding the development of Arabic. I appreciate research is still ongoing and many elements remain to be questioned, analysed or discovered. As explained in the description, there are other hypotheses about the Namara inscription for instance.
We can all share the pieces of information we aggregated through our research in the comments, in a respectful way.
I made a mistake regarding Syriac, which came later on as a language. But I have corrected the video accordingly.
Thank you for watching.
يجمع هذا الفيديو الفرضيات والعناصر الحديثة للبحث حول تطور اللغة العربية. أقدر أن البحث ما زال مستمرًا والعديد من الجوانب لا تزال تحتاج إلى تساؤل أو تحليل أو اكتشاف. كما هو موضح في الوصف، هناك فرضيات أخرى حول نقش النمارة على سبيل المثال.
يمكننا جميعًا مشاركة قطع المعلومات التي جمعناها من خلال أبحائنا في التعليقات بطريقة محترمة.
وشكرًا على مشاهدتكم.
I'm very fluent in classical Arabic and know ancient long poems, some of them pre-Islamic الشعر الجاهلي, and parts of the Koran by heart, and I find your presentation scholarly and highly informative, I truly can't thank you enough for posting this gem ❤❤❤
So if you are fluent in classical Arabic then read المتنبي
He is the iconic Arabic verse.
I have to listen to this video a couple of times more 😊
Its really strange that such a very important video has only 300 views!!!! Belive or not i spent over 300 hrs on youtube to find answers on Arabic origins and i only found it here in your video.. all other videos either avoiding talking about Aramiac origins due to religious conserns or they just scratch the skin.. sorry for my lengthen comment but i really want you to go on... thx ❤
Thank you so much for your incredibly supportive comment. Your kind words mean a lot to me. On UA-cam, my videos sometimes get buried because they don't receive as many likes and comments, causing the algorithm to assume they're not very popular and, consequently, not promoting them to a wider audience. Nonetheless, I invested a substantial amount of time and effort into researching and producing this content, so your support is truly appreciated. 🙂
@@nofridaynightplans your video might be the most historical honest video, other available info is either inflating arabic with historical fantasies or replacing the history of other language groups and people(hebrew,aramaic,geez/sabaic,persian) with arabic to fill a huge ego gap
@TS-788 I think that it is difficult to determine what is correct and what isn't. Most information usually belongs to the realm of hypotheses based on discoveries, new and old. I do try to research the topics thoroughly but there are always missing parts and things that may be incorrectly conveyed, for a variety of reasons.
Despite this, there are a few comments here that indicate that other hypotheses do exist and that nothing about this whole thing is set in stone. I belong to those who do not mind appreciating that we may well never know how it happened at all :).
I also belong to those who think that we should be able to address all subjects, no matter how sensitive they may or may not be :).
Thank you for your supportive comment ^0^
@@nofridaynightplans actually history archeology is actually very clear ,and with every find things only get clearer what makes things confusing is the fake narratives, baised assumptions,invented terms that mix historical accuracy and are drilled in many peoples assumptions (semetic,old arabic,arabian ect.) Some history will not be accepted as it is,some baises will even be repeated despite full historical evidence, look into the zabur miniscule cursive script the oldest inscriptions being in Eritrea it is where the Arabic script came from without having to do gymnastics with the nabeteans, plus the early scholars already knew it and wrote about it ibn nadim,al hamdhani list goes on, but the preferred story is the nabeteans which the historians know the reality about that story, let me know if you have previously checked out the zabur cursive script previously
Hey! Sorry, I wasn’t notified about your response!
I haven’t read about this but I will make sure to look into it.
Regarding archeology and the narratives, this is true. But I also tend to think that any definitive answer is virtually impossible. You can have strong certainties but being 100% sure is difficult. They keep changing their minds about the origins of mankind...
Very interesting. Packed with information but not overwhelming. Definitely will check the resources you mentioned.
Meant to leave a comment the other day but forgot 😅
Very interesting video. Didnt know much about the topic and found it a good intro to the subject for those who wish to know more. Thank u.
Thank you for your lovely comment :) I'm happy you found it interesting!
Outstanding Presentation! Thank you for making and sharing this.
Thank you for your supportive comment.
Nice one. Loaded with information that one can piece together a puzzle. Even if the information is incomplete or lacking important facts, the truthful information that is provided is profound.
Please do share all necessary information in the comments, that would help all those interested (including myself) to further investigate the matter.
Thank you for your comment!
Thanks for the nice video, one thing to mention that it is much better than what you think, dialects are there but if any one reads any newspaper from any other arab country he will understand it extremely well, adjustment to tone or speed and slightly avoidance of slang words will make a success communication between any 2 arabic speaker dispite their country. It is not worse than if a person from london tried to talk with a person from Scotland
شكرا لكِ على هذه المعلومات القيمة
وشكرا لكَ على هذا التعليق الجميل.
@@nofridaynightplans عفوا آنستي ، هذا لطف منكِ إذ جمعتِ بين الإنتقاء السليم و السرد السلس 🌷
رغم انني لا اعلق عادة ولكن ساعلق فقط للدعم. .فيديو جيد
شكرا جزيلا!
I appreciate your efforts to tidy up the most intrinsic question of philology. Thank you. May I venture to demand more simplicity than compact or compressed massive information.
Thank you for your comment. I appreciate your taking the time to share your thoughts for constructive criticism. I think it would have been difficult to explain the development of the script without offering a proper historical background. I always strive to proceed in a 'logical' way so that the audience can "rebuild" the process in their heads. But I appreciate this may require a lot of attention.
Nonetheless, this simply serves as a gateway to explore more on your own. Anyone willing to consolidate their knowledge and understanding is encouraged to seek more by themselves.
A new video is dropping on Friday. Hopefully, the historical narrative will help people understand the question that is explored in that one. Fingers crossed! ^0^
Thank you again for your comment! May I venture to ask you how you would have proceeded?
Sharing insights can help :D
I think you need to change the title from Arabic language to Arabic script. The language and script are two different evolutions and subjects.
Thanks, I did.
I speak levant Arabic dialect , I only know how to write Arabic alphabet and my name in Arabic,. I was raised out side the Middle East as a child, can say my first language is English. I would like to do further studies in learning how to writing and reading in Arabic, knowing the Arabic Alphabet is a stepping stone to learning how to read and write in Arabic. new info for me.
Thank you.
I made a video on how to learn the Arabic alphabet using mnemonics. This may be helpful : ua-cam.com/video/lCQ3q8rwdaw/v-deo.htmlsi=ztjIIKN7td1fqH6D
Thank you for your comment ^.^
Can you help me explore the language dear , hoping for a positive response
Don't waste your time
Learn French instead
good work
Thank you very much
Nice video, but the projector sound effect is pretty annoying.
Since you are interested in researching the origins of the Arabic language... Arabic is now written with punctuation (dots above and below the letters). In ancient times, it was written without punctuation and with the same pronunciation, and the Arabs were more eloquent... Another point: Arabic is the mother of the languages. .. The Arabic language includes letters that are difficult for non-Arabs to pronounce and sometimes impossible... such as ( ض) (ع) and others.....
Arabic, like any language, presents its own set of challenges. It is fairly likely you'd struggle to pronounce Chinese sounds, not to mention the intricacies of its various tones. This is because the plasticity of your brain, which allowed you to effortlessly absorb and mimic a wide range of sounds during infancy, diminishes over time. However, these pronunciation challenges can be overcome with dedicated practice and a certain level of adaptability.
The loss of eloquence holds true for all languages, especially in our contemporary era. As for the notion that Arabic is the progenitor of all languages, that topic is outside the scope of this channel.
Thank you for your comment.
This video was amazing ♥️
Btw can I call this script the Nabatean script like how the English script is called Roman script or is that wrong?
The Arabic script is classified as the descendant of the Nabatean script, which itself comes from the Aramaic script, etc.
However, it is also important to consider the enormous influence the Persians had on the script to make it what it is today (e.g., the dots).
This clearly indicates the continuum of influences in geographically close areas.
Thank you for your comment.
Islam in general owe its existence to Arabic language especially the poetic one in time of prophet Mohammad
Such a shame Arabs didn't create their own grammar
Ahmad al jallal my man! 4:07
You began at 1000 BCE, but in reality all scholars of language begin with the alphabet of Ugarit, Syria around 1400BCE which gave rise to Aramiac, Hebrew and Arabic.
*Wow 😮! That’s definitely news 🗞️ to so many that the Arabic script is the 2nd most used after Latin. You’d think Chinese or one of the Indian languages since they make up the largest chunk of the world 🌍 populations. 🥸*
Could you please provide some references to the information you mentioned. I am a researcher and I need to find sources to cite
Have you checked the description box...?
I enjoyed the video; however, the conflation of script with language diminishes its quality. A language can be written in nearly any script. Additionally, languages exist prior to them being written down.
Its ok. I’ll do better next time hopefully. Thank you for your comment!
I did love the vid but an honorable mention of its derivatives of the ancient egyptian language/writing system. ❤
Languages and writing systems are unrelated.
What does Arabic mean? What does Mohammed mean? What is the language used to name the early humans of the Islamic clan? What does the word Islam mean? Does it have any etymology? Everywhere I looked over the internet, it was looking like a European dominated descriptions rooting it all to the romans. But I am genuinely curious to understand, where the words such as pygambara, Persia aka paarthia, Arab, etc came from or belong to? 🙏🏽 thank you in advance for helping me learn the origins.
The conflation of script with language is very confusing
The research studies related to the development of the Arabic language typically start with an exploration of the development of writing systems in Arabia. Unfortunately, since the technological marvels of our era did not exist during that time, there are no relics of the sounds of the languages as they were spoken back then. Consequently, researchers rely on these writing systems to trace the evolution of the language. The information presented in the video offers a condensed presentation of this research.
I agree that a script does not define a language (as evidenced by Japanese and Chinese, which are separate linguistic entities). However, the discussion about these scripts aims to demonstrate how certain peculiarities of the Arabic language were already present in some scripts at that time, as indicated by the reference to North Arabian.
Thank you for your comment.
@nofridaynightplans abdolute hogwash! As if philologists of old didn't first trace the history of a people before they explored their language. Early Church Fathers say a man named Scythianus was a Saracen who traded with India and had a disciple named Buddas. Confirming that the Saracen were the Indian Surasena is the fact that in their travels west from Mathura, they dwelt next to the Gedrusi next to the river Arabi : the proto Arabs are sometimes styled Jedur ( Gedrusi). Arrian specifically mentions that they didnt speak sn Indian language. They probably could tead the Aramaic inscriptions of Asoka. Pliny says that Alexander forbade the " fish eating" tribes aligned with the Gedrusi to fish. Here Pliny conflats Alexander with Ashoka who forbade them to fish
@@danielhopkins296 I'm not quite sure what the "hogwash" is in what I wrote. My point is that using script to trace the history of a language is a sound strategy since there was no sound recording at the time (no pun intended in this sentence, but oh well)...
I am not aware of this Saracen story as it did not appear in my research. And this is not quite the point of the video.
I appreciate all this is to forever remain in the realm of hypotheses, as it is unlikely we will ever know with certainty...
Thank you for your comment.
@@nofridaynightplans your claim that you have to use scripts to decipher languages because " there was no sound recording at the time" implies that historical attestations, such as the Saracen reference , are useless. I appreciate your work and do believe you offer interesting evidences but I challenge you to research the topic and not merely repeat what others have found. Thnxs for the feedback 🙏
I don't claim anything and don't imply anything - you infer peremtory statements based on my response. However, it is evident that historians, linguists and others will use all elements at their disposal to try to recreate the development of linguistic entities. Written relics and scripts being one of these elements.
Your hogwash message is extremely confusing (you may have written it a bit fast?) and I do not understand the logical connections between the sentences you put together.
I also do not see how this paragraph contradicts other research on the topic of the development of Arabic. If you wish to expand, you're welcome to do so.
All recent DNA researches suggests that the ancestry of Arabs in Yemen and the Arabian Peninsula is linked to the Natufian farmers, who inhabited the Levant region over 15,000 years ago. This shared ancestry could explain the similarities between Arabic and other Semitic languages like Canaanite, Phoenician, Aramaic, and Hebrew. However, it is important to remember that language development is influenced by various factors beyond just shared ancestry, including historical interactions, cultural exchange, and geographical isolation.
There is a big difference between Arabic LANGUAGE and the Arabic SCRIPT.
This speaker often uses them together incorrectly.
The Northern & Southern Arabs have been occupied by & intermingled with other Nations & therefore, their spoken Arabic LANGUAGE changed over time as well as their written SCRIPTS.
Central Arabia has never been conquered & the Arabs living here had little (if any) contact with the outside world & so their LANGUAGE remained unchanged.
Arabs living in towns would send their young kids/babies to live with Bedouins/Nomads in the desert & learn the purer Arabic for many years before going back to their own Families .
These are some of the factors which has led to its preservation over many millennia.
Classical/Qur'anic Arabic is the most conserved /preserved language of all. In fact, Linguist use Arabic to reconstruct the original Proto Semitic language that was spoken in the region about 6000 years ago. (the earliest known humans lived in Arabia over 100,000 years ago).
I don't think this is correct. I do specify that the peoples that lived in Arabia did not speak Arabic as we know it today. I even explain that despite using similar scripts, they did not speak the same languages...
But your take is interesting. Classical Arabic has never changed. How did it come to exist? It must have had an original form, like any language. This implies it has changed over time, doesn't it?
Arabs were nomadic merchants... How could they not have had contacts with the outside world? If we take the word فردوس as example, this Arabic word comes from the Persian , پردیس which itself was taken from Greek παράδεισος.
The development of languages is a very mysterious thing and there are objective historical reasons that can be explored to understand how they came into existence.
Your entire video seems to be about the evolution of the modern Arabic writing system, almost nothing about the evolution of the language, even though your title claims it's about the language. I second this sentiment, you seem quite confused between the two.@@nofridaynightplans
@mikhan5191 Whilst Arabic is indeed very ancient, and has changed very little, it's not the only language used to reconstruct Proto-Semitic, nor should it be. Yes it's the most conservative surviving Semitic language, by far, but there's a few areas it has undergone some innovations.
@@SemiticRoots I'm really looking forward to your video on the topic (I think your channel specialises in this). My knowledge is limited and I'm always looking for ways to expand it.
Thank you for your comment!
What are you talking about man the arab were in ancient Rome and egypt and bayblon and travel around the world
I believe that the First Caliphate “standardised” the script, not the language, when they centred the administration on Baghdad, comment? Thank you for your work.
The script is said to have been standardised in the 10th century indeed, with a significant input from the Persians. I'm going to produce a video on this topic at some point, discussing the evolution of the script from the advent of Islam onwards, and the mutual input from both Arabs and Persians in this area. This topic deserves to be explored further, I believe, especially after the many insulting comments penned under the video on Persian. However, I have quite a lot of things to put out before getting around to working on this. So, patience is key ^.^
Thank you for your comment! Very much appreciated!
@@nofridaynightplans please don’t be put off by stupid bigots, some people can’t separate the actions of religious zealots from the people from which they originate. Your work is important, again, thank you.
In Damascus
Good video. But I don't believe that the Arabic script has developed from the Nabataean script. I am very sure it has developed from the Garshuni script
There are diveriging opinions about it. As much as there are for the origin of Arabic, or the Arabs themselves. And as is the case for many things in this world, we need to accept we may well never know. But it is important to continue to dig deeper into these topics of course.
Thank you for your comment.
🔥🔥🔥
You mentioned that your Jews root may be there BUT you forgot my mother's root Somalis whose language is Cush- Afro-Asiatic language who also share with (Arabic langage) were there before anyone else lol.😂
Latin script is so popular
Because of colonialism
8:00 The word "bar" (son in Aramaic ) does exist in Arabic, but has a more comprehensive meaning...
Just an observation, we find the word "son" in old testament a lot, and in Aramaic Son is "Bar" as translated..
Could it be that was a bad translation of the real meaning of word "bar" in Aramaic ?
There are instances in the Qur'an where that word was used, but it was used in plural form..
إِنَّ ٱلْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِن كَأْسٍۢ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا ٥ Sura Al-Insan " Indeed, the virtuous will have a drink ˹of pure wine"
إِنَّ ٱلْأَبْرَارَ لَفِى نَعِيمٍ ٢٢ Surah A Mutaffifin " Surely the virtuous will be in bliss,"
Some Mufasiroune explained it as Prophets "الأنبياء والصالحون"
Just something to think about ..
Thank you for this insightful contribution! I genuinely appreciate comments of this nature. They contribute to expanding knowledge and provide valuable insights that others might have overlooked or not encountered during their own research.
Extremely interesting. Thank you for this valuable input!
Bar doesn't exist in Arabic, becase in Arabic it's still bin and didn't shift. Aramaic has just undergone a phonological shift here, the word is just bin but pronounced weirdly, so it ends up as bar.
@@SemiticRoots Where does ٱلْأَبْرَارَ come from?
@@nofridaynightplans From the root b-r-r, not sure what that has to do with the topic though. Aramaic bar is from the root b-n not b-r-r. In Aramaic a few roots have undergone a shift n > r
e.g. t-n-y (< ṯ-n-y) > t-r-y = "number 2"
High Quality Content!!! 😊
Thank you for your supportive comment 😊
Syriac didn't even exist when the Nabataeans began using Aramaic. also this video seems to be a little confused between writing system and language somewhat.
Ironically it was actually an offshoot of the Nabataeans who developed the Syriac language.
Does that mean the letter to Antigonus many articles refer to as written using Syriac is not a real relic? I think it's important to accept that there are different hypotheses about the development of languages and not everyone agrees on the subject. This will most certainly forever be debated...
Can you provide some evidence of this? Syriac does not appear until 1st century C.E, I wasn't aware of any dispute amongst linguists of it having arisen earlier. Real relic?@@nofridaynightplans
For some reason, your comment doesn’t show on my side anymore. Thank you for pointing out the mistake regarding Syriac though- that’s important. Also don’t hesitate to come and share the link to your video on the development of Arabic. I’d like to watch it if you decide to make one.
I’m mostly into language learning but I also like to research the history of the languages I’m interested in -even though this is not my primary interest.
But it’s great to be able to share insights and improve knowledge in a communal way!
Nabateans used Aramaic SCRIPT to write their language which was Arabic
@@fadyalqaisy No, they primarily just wrote Aramaic language in Aramaic script.
There are a few inscriptions that do contain some Arabic and some Aramaic written in Aramaic script.
And of course the Arabic script we use today was developed from this.
Why do you provide the wrong information? From Iran to east, not even one country speaks Arabic.
Surely, you did not pay much attention to the video. The map does not show countries where Arabic is spoken... It shows the countries where the Arabic script is in use one way or another...
ওকে
Please why make funny things here ?
Arabic is master sematic languages and you say something may understood that Arabic was depending on Aramic language which is funny
Well if this gave you the laughs, I guess it’s a positive 😅 لا تنس الإعجاب والاشتراك في القناة 😄
The Arabic language most definitely doesn't depend upon the Aramaic language, it's far more archaic and could not possibly have come from it as it's replete with Proto-Semitic features that Aramaic lost in its ancestor languages thousands of years ago. But the modern Arabic alphabet did evolve from the Nabataean Aramaic alphabet yes. But language and alphabet are two entirely different things, this video has just conflated them a little.
The people who migrated with the Prophet Abraham along his way from Iraq to Palestine were originally Arabs. The Canaanites, the inhabitants of Palestine, called them the Hebrews because they crossed the Jordan Valley. 🤷
The first human being Was arab
Arabic is the mother of all the languages.
Arabic didn't come to existence, only if your idea about Arabic as a Language/Script is synonym to Modern Arabic "Fus'ha" "Quran's Arabic" (The clear Arabic/اللسان العربي المبين)
Actually Arabic is Old as Old the Human's existence.
What is called "Semitic languages" and even the "Non-Semitic languages" (such as Aramaic, Phoenician, Punic, Akkadian, Berber, Amazigh, Egyptian, ancient Greek, ancient Spanish, ancient French, Ethupian, Hebrew, Syriac, Assyrian, Lihian, Nabatean, Difarian, Dadanian, Tifinac, Persian .....) are actually slangs of the same Vocabulary and Grammar of Ancient Arabics (non-clear Arabic/اللسان العربي غير المبين), with some twist here and there due to migrations and its distances.
Whilst Arabic is extremely ancient, and has changed very little in the past 4,000 years, your claims are simply not true.
Arabic is actually a very New language
And most of the languages u Named are older
This is a very bold statement.
Do you have evidence for that.
I feel this is quite loaded and biased
Good in English to research about Arabic
Ancient language in Europe
Latin and Greek
In Asia oldest languages
Mandarin
Sanskrit
Arabic
Korean
Kannada
Hebrew
Aрабский язык и письменность создали ЕВРЕИ!!!!
Евреи создали также языки Ладино и Идиш!!!
آدم وحواء اول من نطقا بلغة الظاد وباقي اللغاة انشقت منها
هذا كلام إيماني
نريد أمور تاريخيه من خلال الآثار
The Nabateans are Arab lol first son of Ishmael
Learn Arabic letters
أ
ب
ت
ث
ج
ح
خ
د
ذ
ر
ز
س
ش
ص
ض
ط
ظ
ع
غ
ف
ق
ك
ل
م
ن
ھ
و
ي
ء
The map is wrong. From Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan , do not speak Arabic.
Some use the script not the language
The scripts are from Arabic.
Bro, the West is afraid of Arabic language because it's survived for more than 2500 years and never changed compared to many languages like English that changed many times throughout the history and some afraid to extinct like French. According to recent research, many languages will extinct, and among these languages is English. This is why Arabic language is almost prohibited in the US. Ironically, the youtube removed autoplay from video talking about the greatness of Arabic language. If you forced playing the video, the UA-cam gives you notification its sensitive material 😂 because it's only talking about Arabic language. The Western world is even afraid of the Arabic language 😂. The Arabic language will survive because it's the language chosen by God.
Why would the West be afraid of a language? Especially one that you can actually study at state universities?
You’re yapping a lot هواي تخرط انت
Uhh the Arabic language has changed a lot throughout the years hahaha. Ca down, there is no superiority of race or language in Islam
ARABIANS COPY ANCIENT TAMILS LANGUAGE AND WRITING
bullshit, its from semitic origins
Arabic is a Bantu language
Bantu is a German Dialect