Gibbs Free Energy - Entropy, Enthalpy & Equilibrium Constant K

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  • Опубліковано 31 лип 2024
  • This video provides a basic introduction into Gibbs Free Energy, Entropy, and Enthalpy. It explains how to calculate the equilibrium constant K given the standard free energy change of a reaction and so much more.
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КОМЕНТАРІ • 133

  • @TheOrganicChemistryTutor
    @TheOrganicChemistryTutor  2 роки тому +29

    Chemistry PDF Worksheets: www.video-tutor.net/chemistry-basic-introduction.html
    Full-Length Videos & Exams: www.patreon.com/MathScienceTutor/collections
    Direct Link to The Full Video: bit.ly/3Zsdhoa

  • @jamessoto5723
    @jamessoto5723 3 роки тому +748

    Hey man, I used your videos to study for my MCAT back in 2018, now I'm currently studying for my Step 1 exam in medical school. glad to see you are still pumping out new videos. Thanks for all your good work!

    • @aojbooker8650
      @aojbooker8650 2 роки тому +19

      wait......why are you doing chemistry calculations in medical school???

    • @valorantyie9820
      @valorantyie9820 2 роки тому +30

      @@aojbooker8650 you can go to med school as a chemistry major, also you need to take gen chem and ochem for med school soooooo

    • @aojbooker8650
      @aojbooker8650 2 роки тому +2

      @@valorantyie9820 yes of course you can go to medical school as a chemistry major.....but as far as I understand he is doing chemistry calculations while already being in medical school, which is why I am confused. I'm not sure why in the world he would need to understand Gibbs free energy as a med student. And no I live in Canada so I do not need to take specific chem classes to go to most medical schools. However most medical schools do indeed have a chemistry requirement. For example a medical school could prerequire two introductory chemistry classes in which case I could do ochem and bio chem and completely ignore gen chem.

    • @yenydimas3598
      @yenydimas3598 2 роки тому +8

      @@aojbooker8650 perhaps he's studying with other videos regarding his subject and not specifically Chem and this was one of the users most recent videos and that's why he said he's glad he's still posting under this specific vid regardless what subject it is

    • @roshanrejit8844
      @roshanrejit8844 2 роки тому +4

      @@aojbooker8650 Wow you can take OCHEM and BIOCHEM without gen chem. Thats interesting.

  • @jackrubin6303
    @jackrubin6303 2 місяці тому +24

    I am 67 years old and am using your lectures to stop me getting Alzheimer’s disease.

  • @hootooh4562
    @hootooh4562 3 роки тому +86

    I started reading my General Chemistry module today and this was uploaded. You truly are Godsend! Thank you so much for all your work! You've made chemistry more interesting and understandable to students like me. 😭❤️

  • @bwharris2002
    @bwharris2002 2 роки тому +20

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  • @sshalominath2646
    @sshalominath2646 2 роки тому +22

    Man did in 44 mins what my teachers couldn’t do in 2 months amen

  • @qesava5297
    @qesava5297 3 роки тому +16

    Watching your calc playlist. Man you’ve been a massive help, thank-you!

  • @cicadarose3639
    @cicadarose3639 2 роки тому +11

    Thank you for your videos! You have helped me so much over the last three years. I am on my last assignment of chemistry for my degree, so I thought I should tell you what a positive impact you have had on my education. Thank you!

  • @kanyonbeecher4022
    @kanyonbeecher4022 3 роки тому +11

    Started this chapter yesterday. You are so clutch❤️

  • @biscotrash
    @biscotrash 2 роки тому +8

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  • @arahman2001
    @arahman2001 2 роки тому +15

    your calmness kept me attentive throughout the whole lecture, thanks for being a good teacher

  • @buddydiamond8736
    @buddydiamond8736 8 місяців тому +2

    I don't know who you are man, but you are an absolute god in my eyes. You have helped me in all my physics classes, my chemistry classes, as well as my diff eq classes. I tip my hat to you, sir. You have saved my life multiple times.

  • @joeyjohnsonson4341
    @joeyjohnsonson4341 3 місяці тому +2

    I use your videos to study, and to fall asleep to sometimes. Kinda like how it’s ten times easier to sleep in lectures than it is in my warm bed at night. Plus I get better in my chem class (maybe idk)

  • @AlexIsVeryBored
    @AlexIsVeryBored 3 роки тому +12

    Just did this today you're more helpful than my teacher xd

  • @GordLamb
    @GordLamb 3 роки тому +2

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  • @mariaeugeniagtba
    @mariaeugeniagtba 3 роки тому +10

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    @marinaserbantez951 Рік тому +8

    Helped me through undergrad and now I’m in my first year of pharmacy school!!

  • @rattyf6230
    @rattyf6230 8 місяців тому +13

    Exam in 13 minutes

    • @arielhickman6087
      @arielhickman6087 4 місяці тому +2

      HELP HOW DID U DO?? (mine is in 41 minutes)
      ...everyone said we're fucked

    • @NoName069
      @NoName069 3 місяці тому

      Congrats 🥂

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    @kozhayachallita3833 Рік тому

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  • @gabothusinfichane3021
    @gabothusinfichane3021 3 роки тому +3

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    @karabisarkarsaha2312 3 роки тому +4

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  • @adrisoa
    @adrisoa Рік тому +1

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  • @fathimafathi9987
    @fathimafathi9987 2 роки тому +8

    Hey!Glad to knw that u have helped many students...I'm an Indian student..nd i preparing for the NEET entrance examination 2022...Ur classes are helping me throughout to tackle many concept ♥️♥️Thanks a lot...
    With pleasure,love from India 🇮🇳♥️

  • @MuhammadAbdullah-cj6nx
    @MuhammadAbdullah-cj6nx 2 роки тому

    Indeed, you are truly godsend!

  • @manii2348
    @manii2348 Рік тому +1

    The timing of this is…pheNOMenal

  • @kabandajamir9844
    @kabandajamir9844 2 роки тому +1

    The world's best teacher

  • @elpuma92
    @elpuma92 2 роки тому +1

    Haven't paid attention in the last 2 lectures, 45min got me right.

  • @anetgobr
    @anetgobr 3 роки тому +2

    Very useful

  • @dhivyamaalya
    @dhivyamaalya 3 роки тому +5

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  • @elijahmunongo9432
    @elijahmunongo9432 Рік тому

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    @nurwahyuning9594 3 роки тому

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  • @ritikashrestha9994
    @ritikashrestha9994 6 місяців тому

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  • @sarahahaha4916
    @sarahahaha4916 2 роки тому +1

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  • @sweetie1208
    @sweetie1208 Рік тому

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  • @nimoosman7716
    @nimoosman7716 8 місяців тому

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  • @nehir2047
    @nehir2047 3 місяці тому

    I have 2 exams tomorrow. One of them is calculus 2 and the other one is chemistry. You helped me with both lectures. I hope my exams will go well. Thank you for everything!!❤️❤️

  • @vadaa4
    @vadaa4 6 місяців тому +1

    I have my chem final tomorrow, thnx

  • @evgenistarikov3386
    @evgenistarikov3386 Рік тому +1

    Dear Organic Chemistry Tutor,
    First of all, many sincere thanks for your efforts!
    A. There is ONLY ONE BASIC, fundamental Energy Conservation and Transformation Law. It is definitely unique and conceptually indivisible delivering two logically joint concepts - these are Energy Conservation - and Energy Transformation. Still, a more-then-100-years-old conceptual failure has brought us to two separate thermodynamic laws - but this has nothing in common with the actual physics. To come back, they have coined two more fake thermodynamic laws, employed the Probability Theory + Mathematical Statistics, and this has helped formulate the Quantum Mechanics, which is thus a basically metaphysical conceptual construction and thus ought to be only restrictedly fruitful.
    B. By dividing the basically indivisible law, you are telling about Combinatorics, you are touching Probability Theory, you are even stepping back to Thermodynamics for a while, but...
    You are NOT answering the poser: WHAT IS ENTROPY, sorry!
    1. In the formula S = kB * ln(Ω) you imply, Ω means not a "Huge Number of Microstates", not "Probability", which numerically ranges between [0,1], not even "Wavefunction", which ought to be a purely metaphysical notion, as it is... In effect, Ω ought to be a simplistic algebraic function of Lord Kelvin's Absolute Temperature. This result has been published 100 years ago in JACS.
    2. WHAT-ENTROPY-IS-poser has been answered not by Clausius, not by Boltzmann, etc., but by Goethe, who has introduced Mephistopheles, the philosophical embodiment of ENTROPY.
    3. Newton did basically know WHAT ENTROPY IS - A Counteraction.
    4. That Counteractions do not grow to infinity with the growing Actions, but MUST reach their MAXIMUM values, is the result by Nicky Carnot formalized by Clausius...
    5. In effect, Gibbs Energy formula renders implicit the interplay among ALL the relevant Actions (the Enthalpic term) and ALL the Counteractions (the Entropic term).
    6. The standard approach you are reporting about is OK for the implicit Enthalpy-Entropy picture, employing it for studying reaction mechanism details is likewise eating soup with fork.🧐

  • @user-bb3en5eo2f
    @user-bb3en5eo2f Рік тому

    Thanks 😊

  • @user-dw8lv6sy2y
    @user-dw8lv6sy2y 3 роки тому +4

    깁스 자유에너지, 엔트로피, 엔탈피 이름만 들어도 무슨 저런 어려운 이름이 다있어라는 생각이 들정도로 친숙해지기 쉽지 않은 단어처럼 느껴지지만 자연상태에서 이러나는 자연스로운 현상임을 이 영상을 통해 인식한 이후에는 한결 이 개념들에 대해 친숙해 진 것 같습니다.

    • @dragonartgroup6982
      @dragonartgroup6982 3 роки тому

      I wish I could read what you have written because I love Korean language so so much

    • @JHANSI_REDDY
      @JHANSI_REDDY 2 роки тому

      @@dragonartgroup6982 may be now you can read

    • @dragonartgroup6982
      @dragonartgroup6982 2 роки тому

      @@JHANSI_REDDY yea I can read now but still can't understand completely :))

    • @JHANSI_REDDY
      @JHANSI_REDDY 2 роки тому

      @@dragonartgroup6982 how's Google translate helping you out

    • @dragonartgroup6982
      @dragonartgroup6982 2 роки тому +1

      @@JHANSI_REDDY omg is awful about Korean just don't use it

  • @tamaravillagrajerez9824
    @tamaravillagrajerez9824 3 місяці тому

    Hola, muchas gracias, lamentablemente, no hay videos en español que comenten sobre la formula de energia libre de Gibbs en equilibrio, me has explicado a pesar de mi bajo nivel de ingles, he podido entender todo, te agradezco enormemente, me ayudas con Bioquimica, Greetings from Chile

  • @adr476
    @adr476 7 місяців тому

    Thnkss bro❤

  • @razasyed575
    @razasyed575 2 роки тому

    respectable

  • @joshi91
    @joshi91 3 роки тому +1

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  • @adamgentry8056
    @adamgentry8056 3 роки тому +8

    I really enjoy the videos. I have a question on this one. You discuss K the eq, constant, and say K=1 at equilibrium. Is that not false? K can equal any number of value at equilibrium. I understand that we can use whether K< or > 1 to determine whether it is reactant or product favored, but a K=1 would only tell us the concentrations are equal, not the rate of reaction. Am I misunderstanding this?

    • @maryamzia3121
      @maryamzia3121 3 роки тому +2

      You are absolutely right. The discussed 3 conditions are actually 3 possibilities at equilibrium

    • @tamduy7790
      @tamduy7790 2 роки тому

      At equilibrium, the constant K, the rate is constant, and the same, but the concentrations are not the same, they are just constant.

  • @sds3841
    @sds3841 2 роки тому +2

    If u have an endothermic reaction (delta H is positive) like H2 + I2 --> 2HI can you say whether the entropy rises or decreases and whether the reaction could be spontaneous?

    • @byebrows9698
      @byebrows9698 Рік тому +1

      Assuming the reaction is endothermic in the forward direction, the system requires work. Hence, the reaction is non-spontaneous meaning the Entropy of the universe is negative. If you watch this video, you will see the answers for yourself: ua-cam.com/video/lN66F9V7-_Q/v-deo.html

  • @ridadhanani6684
    @ridadhanani6684 2 роки тому

    You are my hero. I would give up my first born child for you i am not kidding.

  • @niloufar9098
    @niloufar9098 3 роки тому

    you are amazing :))))

  • @sarahm8747
    @sarahm8747 Рік тому

    No one comprares to how well he teaches

  • @devyndevyndevyn
    @devyndevyndevyn 2 роки тому

    thank u

  • @jiinjung1445
    @jiinjung1445 3 роки тому +1

    How could we assume that Kp equals to Kc with the question number 9?

  • @marcusjohnson2718
    @marcusjohnson2718 Рік тому

    On the third problem, on the dealta S reaction, why were the reactants minus each other to get 20 J/mol?

  • @alfredjackson1620
    @alfredjackson1620 Рік тому +1

    Can anyone explain for a combustion reaction where ΔSsystem is positive and ΔH is negative, even though I know the reaction will always be spontaneous, how do I determine if lowering the temperature makes it more or less spontaneous? If ΔG=ΔH-TΔS then lowering the temperature would make ΔG less negative and less spontaneous but since ΔS surroundings=-ΔH/T approaches infinity as temperature decreases then the entropy of the universe contradicts this and implies that lowering the temperature makes the reaction more spontaneous. So if I wanted to know if lowering the temperature makes the reaction more or less spontaneous which do I look at, ΔG or ΔS of the universe. Why are they contradicting each other?

  • @edutalib290
    @edutalib290 2 роки тому

    Thanks for nice lecture. You explained well. Can you please explain "why water boils at 100°C?

    • @advantphoenix7892
      @advantphoenix7892 2 роки тому

      That’s just how the Celsius system works. At 0 degrees Celsius, water freezes

    • @jimberlygridder183
      @jimberlygridder183 Рік тому +4

      @@advantphoenix7892 no one can explain.anything. They have merely observed repeated phenomenon.

    • @kathwren2109
      @kathwren2109 Рік тому

      100C is when the intermolecular bonds of liquid water are torn by the movement of the thermal energy causing particularly to fly away now no longer attached to the main water mass, now it’s a gas!

  • @wezen4632
    @wezen4632 Рік тому +1

    Watching this at 1 am I’ve got a Chem test tomorrow and have no idea what I’m doing lol😭😭

  • @jaxoncraig2888
    @jaxoncraig2888 3 роки тому +3

    I didn’t realize that guy from NCIS had a chemistry term named after him 😂

  • @autonation3767
    @autonation3767 Рік тому

    Can anyone tell me which reference tables are used to get enthalpy and entropy of the reactants and products pls pls

  • @leenjundi3811
    @leenjundi3811 Рік тому

    bro ily

  • @kaansaroz8086
    @kaansaroz8086 3 роки тому +2

    bro you are amazing but you just need a better microphone

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    @nathancruz8370 Рік тому

    Just take my tuition

  • @rosiaamedommesulemana5580
    @rosiaamedommesulemana5580 Рік тому

    thank you always..someday we get to see your face

  • @JelishaJoshua
    @JelishaJoshua Місяць тому

    how did you get the negative -109.7?

  • @mohammadelhayek9155
    @mohammadelhayek9155 3 роки тому +7

    Im gonna go ahead and offer you a job at my school.

  • @_timelapmaker_9755
    @_timelapmaker_9755 2 роки тому +1

    i think you'll find for the starting question that the answer is E. None of the above is false - since D. is false.

  • @lionherndlhofer4073
    @lionherndlhofer4073 5 місяців тому

    One question if someone might be able to help: I came across the terms "desolvation penalty" and "rigidization penalty" in binding events which were both labelled as entropic penalties. The second I understand, as rigidization decreases the number of microstates of the system.
    But how does dehydration present a positive entropy term?
    Shouldn't the release of water in the system be a favoured entropic event, by allowing for more degrees of freedome as compared to water being forced in an order manner around an undefined molecular surface?
    Would be glad if someone could help out. All the best!

  • @bobernhardsson5345
    @bobernhardsson5345 2 роки тому +1

    In the first question you actually also have that "E" is a false statement :-)

  • @ulahalabalabilohuhu
    @ulahalabalabilohuhu 2 роки тому

    The way he says Joules reminds me of Jules in Euphoria

  • @josecastro5795
    @josecastro5795 2 роки тому

    MVP

  • @saboismail3825
    @saboismail3825 2 роки тому

    Can I see the picture of the tutor

  • @yuri_black_zero
    @yuri_black_zero 3 роки тому

    Lucky you

  • @Esraa.21
    @Esraa.21 2 роки тому

    from where we get the 298 ?

    • @zememerr2329
      @zememerr2329 2 роки тому +1

      To convert to Kelvin, add 273 (technically 273.15 but the extra decimals tend to be negligible) to your Celsius temperature. 298 Kelvin is a very common temperature in chemistry, it’s the standard temperature value (that or 25° Celsius, they’re the same thing)

  • @gourabkumar8350
    @gourabkumar8350 3 роки тому +1

    The answer of 5 no question is 24 not -36. please check it.

    • @axelmouaffo7318
      @axelmouaffo7318 3 роки тому +1

      those gibbs value are for the reaction not the compounds. As a result, once the equations are rearranged instead of subtracting products and reactants (which i am guessing u did) to obtain the gibbs value for the final equation you need to just add those two earlier reactions.

  • @lina3995
    @lina3995 2 місяці тому +1

    40:56

  • @sallyo384
    @sallyo384 4 місяці тому +4

    this isn't fair.... I am only a mere child.... ::(((((( I cannot stand this

  • @kates-creates
    @kates-creates 3 роки тому

    ❤️❤️

  • @brithanygarcia9095
    @brithanygarcia9095 Рік тому

    On problem 10 why did you do R is 8.314. I thought R was 4.184???

  • @cutedoughnut6673
    @cutedoughnut6673 10 місяців тому

    the unit for free energy change is kj/mol . you forgot the mol

  • @stannygtech6537
    @stannygtech6537 3 роки тому

    Hey

  • @futuredentist-xk3df
    @futuredentist-xk3df Місяць тому

    44:44 dammm

  • @christopherscottgutierrez3323

    languages of the same thing, pretty cool to learn if ever working with someone or gentile that talks in different meausment languages, im more of ev to mole, see ya

  • @jade_16
    @jade_16 3 роки тому

    wait where did he get 273? at the part of the 25-degree celsius?

    • @user-uh9uv2yw9h
      @user-uh9uv2yw9h 3 роки тому +1

      what are you talking about? what's the time stamp? are you talking about when he found the boiling point of bromine? he subtracted 273 degrees K in order to get the temperature in C

    • @MorningOnMars
      @MorningOnMars 3 роки тому +2

      273.15 K is used in dimensional analysis to move between temperature units Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit, eg: 15 °C can be converted to K by (15+273.15) = 288.15 K.

  • @Rambo-xr4sp
    @Rambo-xr4sp 3 роки тому

    Yo

  • @leeveneayeshabuhia
    @leeveneayeshabuhia Рік тому

    wakoy nasabtan tabang

  • @santillaneirahbelleb.3807
    @santillaneirahbelleb.3807 2 місяці тому

    😮😮😮

  • @sakinahali4670
    @sakinahali4670 3 роки тому

    Uuu first

  • @yemsarey529
    @yemsarey529 3 роки тому

    First😆😂

  • @NightcoreMikuuu
    @NightcoreMikuuu 3 роки тому +1

    Eyy

  • @nolanbuckman5613
    @nolanbuckman5613 3 місяці тому

    Organic Chem tutor>>>3 weeks of useless lectures

  • @bennardasante3361
    @bennardasante3361 6 місяців тому

    2024

  • @user-xp8gl4bv9n
    @user-xp8gl4bv9n 3 роки тому

    Can you add a translation to Arabic?
    Thank you.

  • @user-eh7co9dz3o
    @user-eh7co9dz3o 3 місяці тому

    Fucking hate chemistry