UA-cam has age-restricted our Blitz Spirit WW2 video and has *REMOVED* our Between Two Wars episode on the Holodomor (1932-02). We received a warning, which means that next time this happens we will be banned from publishing content for one week. They state that our 'content was removed due to a violation of our Community Guidelines,' on account of publishing 'violent of graphic content', explaining that 'Violent or gory content intended to shock or disgust viewers, or content encouraging others to commit violent acts, is not allowed on UA-cam.' Needless to say, we are shocked and disgusted by this action and legitimisation and are currently exploring our options. Meanwhile, this shows how much our independence depends on our Patreon supporters. Without them, we would have been long gone. So please consider supporting our effort and help us spread vital knowledge about our worlds history, albeit hard to swallow or confronting. Don't let UA-cam decide what will be a part of our public memory! You can support us on patreon.com/timeghosthistory or timeghost.tv. Cheers, Joram You can watch the deleted episode about the Holodomor here: spee.ch/@TimeGhostHistory:6/the-holodomor-the-communists-holocaust *RULES OF CONDUCT* STAY CIVIL AND POLITE we will delete any comments with personal insults, or attacks. AVOID PARTISAN POLITICS AS FAR AS YOU CAN we reserve the right to cut off vitriolic debates. HATE SPEECH IN ANY DIRECTION will lead to a ban. RACISM, XENOPHOBIA, OR SLAMMING OF MINORITIES will lead to an immediate ban. PARTISAN REVISIONISM, ESPECIALLY HOLOCAUST AND HOLODOMOR DENIAL will lead to an immediate ban.
Funny how the History Channel has no problems with advertising, A bunch of butt hurt mother fuckers shouldn't be able to stop History from being explained/talked about. Unfortunately it could've been a denier as much as anyone who reported it. The topic isn't in doubt but we as people cant discuss it. Its funny how different History is once you leave school and look into it yourself. Keep up the good work, I find the videos are done really well and are full of the little details that are often glanced over.
Maybe it has to do with photographs of corpses? UA-cam may be of the opinion that the imagery is inappropriate even in a historical context. Edit: To be clear, I disagree, it’s just possible that’s how UA-cam’s enforcing its policy.
How on earth does UA-cam expect us to consider historical events or characters without a presentation of what happened as opposed to the legends which surround them. I grew up on this sort of thing and it made me aware that these sort of things aren't the good versus bad image of the old war movies, and I was a kid that played war in the streets. As soon as I saw your notice I went off and watched a handful of trailers of movies that portray violence in gratuitous and cruel detail. Which UA-cam, I'm sure, are happy to collect their revenue from and I'm certain don't meet their own Community Guidelines.
Lots of people can not accept the past and want to remove it any means possible because they dont want the truth. Indy and your team are always doing a great job. Alot of people say this, but i will say it again, thank you for the top work you guys do. I know its alot of work you guys put in your videos
I'm polish and i was watching this episode with my 96yo greatgrandmother born in 1923 and translating it for her. It gave me interasting perspective of the topic - Greetings from RP
My mother died in '17, she'd be 100 years old right now. I regret I couldn't have watched this with her; many of her memories of her youth now have odd gaps filled in by this video. She was from Warsaw.
I'm Polish aswell, and my great great grandfather born in 1899 was a member of the Sejm during the coup and supported the Sanacja regime, but he was only in Government for like 2 years before he quit in protest with several other MP's. Never really made a name for himself but hey its neat.
My Great grandfather was in the Polish Navy at the time of the coup in 1926. He was part of the military band, and as he viciously hated his mother-in-law, he drew a picture of her on the drum, so every time got opportunity to play he would beat on it. So anyways, he was sent on a train during the coup with a few hundred other sailors to the local town to keep order. Before the train even reached its destination the coup was finished and they imidietly returned onto the train back to the harbour. His name was Jan Kubiak R.I.P.
Cool story! My great-grandfather was a former "Legionary" and and of course sympathised with Pilsudski when the coup started, so he wanted to go to Warsaw and help. However his (I think future at that point) father-in-law said "If you go, you might as well not come back". So he stayed of course :D
@@TimeGhost I apologize in advance for my English, I am writing with a translator. If you are interested in a very interesting figure from Poland, I recommend Władysław Studnicki. He is a forgotten figure, in our country he has only recently been remembered, but what a man he was. I will write in a nutshell without embellishment, I think it will interest you. During the partitions, he fought for independence, was exiled to Siberia, etc. What is very rare among Poles at that time, he was very politically inclined towards Germany. He was one of the architects of the "Act of November 5th", in which the German Empire committed itself to the restoration of our state. This also forced the Entente to make similar efforts to win over the Poles. He was a terrible nonconformist and a man of great courage, you will understand it in a moment... He was a great supporter of the alliance of Poland with the Third Reich, but not on ideological grounds, but on geopolitical ones. He simply despised Nazism as a doctrine. He simply saw it as a lesser evil for Poland than in the USSR. In our part of the world at that time, it was always crucial for us to maintain the antagonism between Russia and Germany because their good relations = a tragedy for Poland. He even attended a Nazi rally in Nuremberg and met Hitler personally. He was very negatively disposed towards the alliance with the Allies. In the spring of 1939 (!) he wrote a book that was immediately confiscated by the Sanation. The book was called "In the Face of the Coming Second World War", in which he predicted: A quick disintegration of Poland by Germany, lack of help from the Allies during the Polish campaign in 1939, the entry of the USSR on Hitler's side into the war with Poland and the Allies' submission of Poland to Stalin, etc., the surrender of our eastern lands to Russia... He literally predicted the entire war for Poland... A visionary and a great man... Because what he did during the German occupation was simply hats off... An almost 70-year-old man simply bombarded the Gestapo, etc. with letters in defense of many people. He got many of them out of trouble. If you understand me correctly - he was not a man who would come in with the text "I'm sorry, could you help me?", no, no. He would come in there with a swagger and argue with the Gestapo, yell at them like they were naughty children. He always had with him an invitation to the aforementioned meeting signed by Hess, etc. At first, it helped a lot. When this formula finally ran out, he started making a memorial about German crimes in Poland... He went to Berlin to demand a meeting with Hitler on this matter. It didn't work, the Gestapo arrested him and he finally ended up with Goebbels. Do you think he repented and apologized politely in front of him? No, he argued with Goebbels! Nobody talked to Germans like Studnicki did at that time. His reputation as a Germanophile and the only person who tried to come to an agreement with the Third Reich meant that he couldn't be killed from the German perspective. He ended up in prison, was finally released and returned to Poland. What do you think he did on the first day? Yes, he went to fight for his countrymen to the Gestapo. This man was indestructible. After all, when the head of the Gestapo changed, he was locked up in Pawiak. The first thing that happened was that he got punched in the face by the Gestapo. What did this small 70-year-old man do? He simply punched him back. He had such personal dignity and such courage that he simply hated off. In the end, he was released and continued doing the same thing. He fought for many Poles throughout the war, fought for some autonomy and rebuilding Poland. When Hans Frank came to him at the end of the war and asked what he could do for Poland now, Studnicki blurted out "disappear, I will no longer talk to the Third Reich, I will wait for the Fourth Reich". He helped organize weapons for Polish self-defense during the Volhynian Massacre (a very, very dark episode in the history of Poland and Ukraine, Poland was not holy to Ukraine many times either, but what the UPA did to people there is beyond belief... The Germans were terrified by their cruelty! And I write this as a person who supports Ukraine in this war with Russia, but you cannot remain silent on such matters) For example, he was a great anti-Semite, he was not perfect, but at the same time he always stood up for the individual. When the Endecja attacked a Jew, despite his anti-Semitism, he was the first to defend him as an individual, he condemned it at every turn and fought against it. When at the beginning of the September campaign a dozen or so Germans were murdered out of fear of the 5th column, he also stood up for them. During the war, he did not avoid helping Jews, whenever he could, he always did. He was horrified by the Germans' murders of Jews, he was simply repulsed by such treatment of any person. He ended up in exile in England, many Poles behaved badly towards him, when I remember the end of his life, it makes me want to cry. He died some time after he had a stroke and was paralyzed, he died in poverty... And until the end of his life he fought for the Polish cause, wrote books, texts, etc. He was a man of incredible will. I really recommend you the topic of this character. Dmowski or Piłsudski? Studnicki!
I went into a cake shop in Melbourne, Australia in the 1990s and after ordering something asked the owner who was the man whose picture was on the wall. He explained that it was a great Polish leader who defeated the Russians in the early 1920s and created the modern state of Poland.
Probably killing Narutowicz was part of Pilsudsko plot! Narutowicz was NOT in ND since 1905...he was suppirting Pilsudski terror. He was mad guy and newest discoveries suggest that Pilsudski deliberatelly provoked him do provoke mob to support his copu in 1922! 100% Pilsudski planned coup i 1922 bu we have no proofs that killing Narutowicz was part of it. But is many points.
That was a fine episode. Piłsudski is a complicated person and his policy is a subject of debate for years. I love how you managed to show both sides of the story and remained neutral.
@2manynegativewaves Oh, he's definitely hated by both commies and neo-nazis. He essentially tried to dissolve democracy to stop extremists from getting power. It's rare to have a dictator which is not possessed by an ideology, but patriotism.
oh guys even i as a polish man know history well enough to know we had a deal with french and british that we are going to defend ourselves for long enough to let France and Britain mobilize, yet, they beat the shit out of us a bit too fast
Fun fact. Poland A and Poland B mentaly still exists. It frequently flares up when elections or other political subjects come up. With the West tending more towards the progressive side, and the east towards the conservative/traditionalist.
It's different east and west though - Poland A now is German territory ceded after WW2. Poland B now is what Poland A was during interwar years - central Poland. Poland B of interwar years is now Belarus and Ukraine
It's not as clean cut as you wrote. Warmia and Masuria is one of the poorest places in Poland with the highest joblessness index, yet is voting for neoliberal centrists instead of right wing populists. Same goes for Lubusz land and parts of Opole-Silesia.
This guy was an opposite to Adam Pawłowicz: after his death, system became less stable (when after Pawłowicz's death (this guy was a thief, to be honest), everyone started to think about ,,hate speech")
@@Admiral45-10 Adam Pawłowicz? Who is it? I can find only a journalist that still lives. Quite soon after Narutowicz's death right-wing journalist Stroński coined up a phrase "Ciszej nad ta trumną" ("quieter around that coffin") by which he meant to speak less about Narutowicz's death and role right-wing talking points had played in pushing the killer to make his deed. Sadly enough the phrase is still being used in Polish albeit in intent of keeping actual reverence for the dead person.
@@PobortzaPl well, in Poland just after a death of this stealer, there was a ,,stop hate speech" thing. Death of Narutowicz made Democracy very unstable.
I think you captured the processes that were going on in Poland between WWI and WWII and the challenges we were coping with really well. The chaos after over a century of being partitioned amongst Russia, Prussia and Austria. The amazing ability to unite and sacrifice when fighting for sovereignty against the Germans and the Russians. And the equally amazing, if not debilitating inability to come to any kind of consensus on how to self-govern. The different ideas as to what Poland should be like, a monolythic state or a federation. The immense respect and authority that Pilsudski commanded. The reluctant use of his authority to interfere with the democracy. And finally, the saaad diplomatic isolation: On one hand, the desire for both genocidal regimes, Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany to carve up Poland again. On the other - no desire by France and Britain to fulfill their obligations as allies. Good job!
A Voice from Poland: Well done, Sir! Thank You and your Team for your excellent job - here in Poland we continue to be divided about the controversies of The Second Polish Republic - the public and historians alike have endlessly been disputing the issues you have so brilliantly and succinctly presented in your film - thank You All for your interest in the Polish history!
as a 100% Polish person I truly admired the character, narrative and the way of running this lecture by the performer! And VERY thorough historic content supported with knowledge and years of studying ! Thumbs up!! Thank you and I will check out your other series Sir. Oh... and I loved the toast Na Zdrowie at the end ! Well done Sir!
To me, it looks like Piłsudski had seen enough and knew he had to take matters into his own hands. Poland's weakness has never been its resilience or the strength of its people, but it has always been the inability of its people to find, empower, or ensure good leadership.
One episode of your story is worth a year of history class in school. Nowhere it is more obvious than when you talk about the history of Poland. No taking sides, no bias, just objective narration and engaging content.
I sent feedback to UA-cam about their taking down this episode. I had no problem at all playing the "Child of Holocaust Survivors" card. Maybe if every one of your watches does the same, someone might notice?
Useful background information - been trying to imagine life in Interwar Poland while studying my wife's family history. Of course most of the events around Pilsudski's period were urban, and her family lived in the rural eastern parts (in present Belarus far north of Bereza Kartuska, which I guess was situated in the Polesia Voivod, or today's Brest Oblast). But I can imagine now of a few more questions to ask those who might have lived in that period or survived its aftermath from your overview. Thanks for the guidance, and for diligently following the facts in your coverage of the period (despite complaints from those who are offended by, well, reality).
My family came from Poland but in the southeastern part... although they got out of "Austrian Galicia" to the US, Chicago, during and right before World War I....they also came from a rural area, although some family members lived in Rzeszow and Tarnow...
Dad was from Silesia. Mom was in the Warsaw Ghetto, she remembers her dad showing off his old hyperinflation German marks, and some of his stories she recounts tells me I'm just as crazy as he was. :) Just safer now.
@@chaseskalon3622 My grandmother was born in Wola Rzedszinska & Grandfather in Dlugie Sanok. How can I find any info about these areas from 1890-1930 but in ENGLISH? Some sites want$$, some not available on english. Wondering if you have come across the names of Syslo & Wojtal. Please let me know & send me a link if possible.
For some Piłsudski was a Mussolini like fascist, for others an almost holy savior of the nation. Historic personalities are often misused to legitmize or delegitimize current governments or ideologies. The more important are such series as TimeGhost History with a strictly neutral stance and an objective approach to history and the acting personal. Many thanks for this!
Piłsudski had a moustache because before WW1 he got shot in his teeth and he tried to hide it (that's also the reason, why he never smiled on pictures). But also having a moustache was a typical thing for... Legendary XVIIth Century Winged Hussars, which was according to believe (popular in XVIIth Polish-Lithuanian Aristocracy), that they come from ,,Sarmats" - semi - legendary Black Sea tribe (more precisely, they were supposed to live somewhere in today's Romania), that kicked out Romans.
with so many "partisans commentators" on this platform this is a breath of fresh air is one of the best channels out there! lets hope it grows as quickly as these reactionary type. people actually could learn from history, it would be better for society and less polarization. definitely subscribed!
At first, I thought they handed me the wrong dossier. I couldn't believe they wanted this man demonetised. Third generation TimeGhost, top of his class. The Great War, Between 2 Wars. About a thousand decorations. Etcetera, etcetera. I had heard his voice on the video and it really put the hook in me. But I couldn't connect up that voice with this man. Like they said, he had an impressive career, maybe too impressive, I mean perfect. He was being groomed for one of the top slots in the corporation: General, Chief of Staff, anything. In 2018, he returned from a tour with advisory command in The Great War and things started to slip. His report to the Joint Chiefs of Staff and UA-cam was restricted. It seems they didn't dig what he had to tell 'em. During the next few months, he made three requests for transfer to TimeGhost training, Berlin, Germany and was finally accepted. ? He was fifty-one years old. Why the f--k would he do that? 2019: Joined World War Two, returns UA-cam.
Been with you since 1914 and have learn't more from these videos than i ever did in history class. Thanks to Indy and his team. Best channel on UA-cam.
Indy, i can't wait for 1937. When my country will see the ''great'' chief of the Brazilians, Getúlio Vargas, with the Constitution of 1937 and the Estado Novo, coincidentally nicknamed ''The Polish''. A little reference to Piłsudski.
An Latin America or southamerican history would be awesome. From cuba history on WWII and its influence on the latter revolution, to Argentina and Brazil politics towards the axis while produce for the allies, to Mexican part on WWII. There is a lot.
You’re right but Indy already said that he filled the post of president with “allies”. And with his level of power, allies in this context means puppets. So he statement about the constitution being tailer made for him still applies. I appreciate the point you’re making though and feel like Indy could have been clearer when making his point.
The only thing that might be seen as somewhat misleading is when he said that Narutowicz replaced Piłsudski as President. To be perfectly accurate, Piłsudski never held the post of President but he was in fact the so-called "Supervisor of the State" in the period between 1918 and Narutowicz's election. That was for all intents and purposes the office of the head of state as well but still, if you want to be pedantic...
Well, the fact is, that a random chemistry teacher, Ignacy Mościński, was officially a President, but it was a pollitical puppet of Joseph Piłsudzki. Then, to rule on his own just after Piłsudzki's death, he kicked out Władysław Grabowski, with help from gen. Edward Rydz - Śmigły, who became a new Marshall.
The 2nd Polish Republic is very idealised in Poland to the point it almost looks like utopia. Mostly it's thanks to Soviet Union as after 1945 2nd Polish Republic was the last free and independent Polish state unlike PPR which was just a Soviet puppet. Nowadays in 3rd Polish Republic* there's still nostalgia for the 2nd one but people start to remember Sanacja's crimes and stop treating Piłsudski like a saint. *Some politicians tried to embrace the idea, that they're 4th Polish Republic, though it's unclear to me if they treat PPR as 3rd one, or every government after the fall of communism in 1989... Fun fact: Polish Republic in Polish is called "Rzeczpospolita Polska", but there's a word "Republika" also meaning Republic, but "Rzeczpospolita" is reserved only for Poland, PLC ("Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów" - Republic of Both Nations), Free City of Kraków ("Rzeczpospolita Krakowska" - Republic of Kraków) and Republic of Zakopane ("Rzeczpospolita Zakopiańska").
First of all, as a Russian, I hope my people will come to acknowledge all the wrong we have done to the Polish people (among others) and stop absolving ourselves of those wrongdoings, if only to stop falling into the same traps of nationalism ourselves. That being said, recent political developments in Poland do seem quite worrying, in particular the ban on criticising many aspects of the Second Republic (in particular, the legislation against Polish Jews and collaboration with Nazis in that regard).
There was also the Commonwealth of Venice (Rzeczpospolita Wenecka). Rzeczpospolita actually means the same as... Reich in German. It can describe any political system.
There was also the Commonwealth of Venice (Rzeczpospolita Wenecka). Rzeczpospolita actually means the same as... Reich in German. It can describe any political system.
@@iliakorvigo7341 On behalf of my Polish ancestors, I forgive your ancestors. Somewhat. Because you can NOT BRING BACK THE DEAD. So I shall leave you a parting shot, in which you can not disagree: WE ARE THE ONLY PEOPLE WHO KICKED LENIN'S ASS! AND MY GRANDFATHER WAS ONE OF THEM! REMEMBER THE VISTULA!!🇵🇱 Neither one of US is responsible nor can we EVER FULLY UNDERSTAND THEIR STUGGLE & PAIN! I ask ALL WHO READ THIS: Do you understand that IF many of my relatives were not murdered, saw what they saw, suffered as they did, how different my family might have been? The WORLD might have been? So much potential, gone. And for what? When we die, we CAN'T TAKE ANYTHING WITH US. No riches or bobbles, no power, reputation...it has value only in this realm. We ALL answer to Him, on His terms. RIP JAKUB S. WOJTAL HALLER'S BLUE ARMY 9th REGIMENT, 2nd BATTALION 1895-1957
God Bless and Keep, POLAND ! Just a U.S. Marine, Of German, Swedish, Shawnee(native American) decent. Who grew up in Detroit, with few but great friends of Polish and Italian decent.
I liked the episode, but I’m wondering if you’re gonna talk about the whole Zaolzie mess. I was sure you were gonna mention it in the episode on Czechoslovakia, and then even more sure you must mention it in the episode on Poland. Keep up the good work.
It is particularly unfortunate mess, since it created a lot of tension between Czechoslovakia and Poland in a time when they had mutual enemies. If not for that, maybe there could have been some sort of defensive alliance between the two against Germany and Soviet Union
Well Zaolzie is just a small piece of territory. I think it will be mentioned in 1938. There will be a lot of things about Czechoslovakia because for Czechs it was a crucial year from which Czech nation has trauma until these days and never recovered its morale. I am talking about Munich treaty (treason in Czech point of view).
To be precise, Wiaczesław Mołotow never called the II Republic of Poland a "monstrous bastard", it meant more "an absurd child" in a bit offensive/informal way (in Polish it would be the word "potworek" which literally means "a little monster", but is used to describe absurd, dysfunctional creations). Source - Polish ambassador to Russian Federation in the late 1990s and 2000s.
The main square in the centre of Warsaw bears the name of Pilsudski Square. It also features a life-size statue of the man. Just about every town in Poland has a Pilsudski Street. Says everything how the man is viewed in Poland today. He was a decent man. His coup stabilized the administrative scene. Almost all countries in Europe had a hard time getting democracy to work around that time. Political parties were acting more like trade unions or groups representing particular interests. A party representing the interests of workers, a party representing the farmers, parties of the minorities, and others. The society wasn’t mature enough for a full democracy. People like Pilsudski understood that a “guided democracy” was a better option for the time being. Eventually the country was to revert to a full democracy. That’s why democratic institutions like the parliament, free press, trade unions, were retained following the coup.
He was a dictator. That's not a bad thing, to be honest, Cincinnatus was a dictator. 14 governments in a few years isn't a stable democracy, it's chaos. Someone had to intervene and quash it. Clearly discourse didn't work, he had to apply force. Yes, I see that there were plenty of very unfortunate events and many lives were shattered. That being said, had he not stepped in, what would the political instability have caused? I tend to think that there were no good options, but he chose the best of what was offered.
@@the_astrokhan Before Sulla the Roman institution of dictatorship was very different from the modern model. The dictator could only be appointed with a senatorial decree, his powers were limited to the specific matter he was commissioned to deal with, and his term ran only for the duration of the crisis he was appointed to deal with or for six months, whichever was shorter. Sulla and Caesar changed the dictatorship into something entirely different, which is where the modern usage came from, but their actions in doing so were much, much more controversial and, in many eyes, disreputable than anything earlier dictators like Cincinnatus had done.
@@brucetucker4847 I'm very well aware of the political tools at the disposal of the early republic. I was, however, illustrating that a dictatorship isn't necessarily a terrible thing. At least, not for the majority. Notice how I go on to mention the reason for his interference. Poland had devolved into a failed state. The man retired and stayed out of politics for 4 years. In 1921 he had the broad support to actually retain the presidency and force the issue. But he chose to step down as he didn't want the country to tear itself apart. 4 years later and 14 governments showed that the country needed a direction that a pure democracy couldn't offer it. Someone needed to step in. Were there abominable mistakes? Sure, no one is denying it. But there is a reason why the man is still venerated in Poland. Most people are aware of the excesses under his rule, however, they also recognize that there was either that or nothing at all as the country would devolve into infighting in the coming years. The 123 years had created different cultures, the revolutions had caused class strife and the neighbors were all too eager to prod the factions into animosity against eachother. There was no winning scenario without a strong government. Elections had given successive governments each weaker and shorter lived than the previous. It was a descent towards chaos and anarchy. He did what he saw as the only logical course of action: he took the wheel and took charge. He is a hero to many of us, despite his flaws and errors not because of them.
@@the_astrokhan It's been suggested a possible alternative might have been leaving democracy in place with some amendments, like introduction of a strong presidency, similar to what the US has. Introduction of electoral threshold for political parties would have reduced the instability since fewer parties in the parliament would mean less political wrangling. But you have to consider there is strong circumstantial evidence this coup wasn't planned, it was more of a work accident. As for shattered lives, Indy is making it sound very dramatic when he talks about political prisoners, harsh prisons and torture. In reality it wasn't half as bad. Political prisoners with harsh conditions were mostly Soviet agitators, along with Polish and Ukrainian extremists. And even they were under professional supervision to make sure they don't suffer any lasting physical or mental health damage.
@@comdo831 I completely agree. That being said, I think he (and a lot of the men who actually fought for the independence of the nation) saw that the men who were left to rule were incapable of doing so in the best interest of the nation. It's not too much of a leap of logic to assume (yes, I'm assuming here so it's 100% debatable) that he was intending on installing strong foundations for a democratic state after his departure (retirement or otherwise). In any case, we COULD debate it but in the end we won't really know what was really going on through his head. What is undeniable is that he did stabilize the country's political unrest, arrested the downward spiral of the economy and gave the nation a strong direction. Was it perfect? No, but then again, nothing is and there will always be these who end up downtrodden by any system. There just happened to be less of them under his dictatorship than under the preceding democratically elected administrations.
Those are some unbelievable things said about Poland by Hitler and Molotov. Poor Poland - always in a "bad neighborhood", stuck between Russia (then the USSR) and Germany.
Lol, during medieval times in XI century, our third ruler and second king, Mieszko II was attacked simultaneously by Kievan Rus from the east and Holy Roman Empire from the west. It ended so badly that his son was named Kazimierz the Restorer. Well, ruso-germanic alliance is not our favourite thing.
Well considering who Hitler & Molotov are, I don't think their words on Poland and the Polish is particularly trustworthy. And on the other hand, shouldn't be surprised if they're incredibly not nice. It seems that an ultranationalist like Hitler would never understand the possibility of a country with so much diversity, like interwar Poland. Like literally, Poland is the father of the idea of 'religious tolerance'. The likes of Thomas Jefferson reportedly even took their idea of religious tolerance in the US from the P-L commonwealth.
Guided democracy, isn't that what we see in most western regimes nowadays...with a mix of oligarchy as well...sort of guided oligarcracy.....then there was "didn't expect to be eaten by both"...master piece Indy.
Mr. Neidell, you literally appeared in multiple channels like everyday but somehow you are not feel tired. How can this be? Salute for your commitment, sir.
wow, wow, wow. These lessons of interwar history just keep getting better and better. And the narration style....man, Indy just keeps improving year after year. This is the ONE channel I never miss a youtube episode from. If Indy had been my history teacher I wouldn't work in finance today.
"The great men weave, And the people grieve, With nobody the wiser, The young ones fall, The great grow tall, And every one a miser. We learn a truth, Of import ruth- -Less as a loveless letter, All our schemes, Our fondest dreams, Reduced to Jingo's fetters." -WBC
Jingo was a mythical empress of Japan. Her story includes having a special suit of armor made so she could battle, while pregnant. It became topical to mention her in this regard in Europe in the middle/late 19th century after the "Japanese renaissance" (a cultural display of Japanese art and clothing) spawned a song about her. Afterward, the word: "Jingo" or "Jingoist" meant warlike.
The 1921 March constitution was doomed to failure. Based on the French "constitution" of the Third Republic it was entirely insufficient to enable the unification of a country that had been partitioned for over a century and attempting to rebuild itself in the midst of post-war social and economic tumult.
The more things change the more they stay the same. Poland has learned nothing. Those who want Poland to be an honorable, respectable, distinguished parliamentary democracy remain in the minority while self-serving authoritarians are in control. It's a sad story.
I have read extensively about Poland during the Interwar period and I must say that you have presented a very accurate, succinct and thorough presentation of the situation. Well done Indy.
Piłsudski can be called what I name a "pragmatic idealist". His goals were ambitious and idealistic (reviving the Commonwealth, breaking up the Soviet Union, and fair treatment of other nationalities; anyway he has always considered himself a Polish Lithuanian), yet he was down-to-earth in its realizations. He despised how nationalists in mid- and lower- administration were treating Ukrainians, for example, but had no qualms about ordering a crackdown when separatist terrorism went too far. Along with most Poles I consider him one of the greatest heroes of our history... And in a certain way I'm both relieved and sad he died before 1939. Relieved, because this has spared him defeat and probably murder by either Soviets or Nazis (assuming there would be war with Germans) thus preserving the legend. Sad, because he could have led Poland differently, which would have probably spared us some of the WW2's apocalypse. His doctrine of equal distances from Berlin and Moscow wasn't so strict, he has stated in his political testament: "balance only as long as you can, then choose side". He proposed France a preventive war with Germany when Hitler was about to gain power. France refused, and Piłsudski instantly reached out in friendly gesture to Hitler ( as the first foreign statesman, even before he became chancellor, this made Hitler his great sympathiser). Hitler really respected him, organised a symbolic funeral in Berlin for him and had a Wehrmacht honour guard at his tomb during the occupation. He often said that it wouldn't have come to war with if Piłsudski was alive. And I tend to agree. Piłsudski wouldn't have bet all on France and Britain, often said the west is lousy and France will betray us. Also, he has, justly so, considered the Soviets the greatest threat. It's very likely he'd join axis when it was an option, thus sparing us at least the genocidal German occupation. Alas, in the power struggle after his death power wasn't seized by his own nominee Sławek (pragmatist like himself) but pompous hurrapatriots like Rydz and Beck...
The problem with Pilsudskis vision was also that Ukrainians and Belarussians were not yet there in terms of statehood (e.g. Petluras failure to estabilish Ukrainian government). Also the Lithuanians developed their own understanding of history and thought in general of Poles and, especially polonised Lithuanians, as threat and traitors, especially after the whole Zeligowski party, where the Poles took the historical capital of Lithuania due to Pilsudski coming from that area. So he had to chose the pragmatic option, even that was against his ideas. It is also amazing to consider that how he was a revolutionary when he was younger, robbing tsarist trains and all, but then turning into this grandfatherly, stoic type head of state. In the end it was a great shame that after his death the opportunists took over (and many also even before) who were using his name and their parttake in fighting for Polish indepence 1917-21 to cover-up for their incompetence and inability to lead.
I see (and I live here we do talk about him in public school) see Piłsudski's coup as a thing necessary to ensure stability of a Nation in shambles and really in heart a temporary solution to that problem. Cause really the most important thing was to preserve the polish state after long fought Independence.
Please make the note that marshal Pilsudski DID NOT beat the "Soviet" army but the Bolshevik one. When they had invaded Poland the Soviet Union did not exist yet. In history it is known as the Polish-Bolshevik War.
One of major political parties was left out and that is "Chadecja" which was Christian Democracy. It was more of a centrist party leaning to the right and inspired by Catholic social teaching. Kinda like the German CDU after WW2. Three was a coalition of vaguely christian-democratic parties joining christian, national & peasant elements called pejoritevely "Chjena" (sounding like hyena) and was in coalition in parlament with the agrarian party of Witos. Also the Centrolew alliance was not just left wing.
Its funny you are doing episode aboout Poland and Czechoslovakia back to back. At one point in time there was also idea to unite Poland and Czechoslovakia into single state / federation to balance germany and ussr. Entire project ended pretty quickly, czecks were afraid that in such a pact poland would dominate due to much bigger population which would only led to drain czechs money and industry. Poles didnt like the idea either, afraid that due to stronger economy it will be czechs in lead, using poles as shield in time of danger and cheap work force.
When both governments had nothing to rule, bored of english spam, desperate to do anything at last they came to the idea to do sth right. That was period of atlantic charter being signed and lots of noble declarations.
Did you see last week's 60 Minutes where they did a segment on UA-cam, COPPA and how they are censoring content? The segment is up on YT. It's a real eye-opener.
I don't know if you meant your drink or your toast, but if the latter, "Na zdrowie" is Polish. Most think it is Russian, but that is incorrect... To your Health would be За твоё здоровье (Za tvoye zdorovye). As always, to be immersed in your rendition of history is the next best thing to living it. Dziekuje!
Dear all included in project, My name is Bosko,I am from Serbia and I have cerebral palsy, because of that I love to watch different historical channels on UA-cam. Yours general is very interesting and educational. I have an advice for you. If some video is part of, for example, two of four,please put rest links of videos in the description section
Will you do an episode covering Finland? The interwar period is pretty important as the divides from the civil war were healed, which meant the nation was united when the Soviets invaded
The divides were healed only when the Soviets invaded. There were political prisoners throughout the interwar years and actually increased after the 1930 laws.
I wish you guys would deal with the demonetization stuff separately from the videos, in like a community post. Way too many comments freaking out about the holodomor episode getting removed (it will be back up once a human reviews it - very wrong of YT but I don’t feel this video is the place to discuss), not enough on the topic at hand.
You don't understand- community posts don't have nearly the reach that ordinary videos we release do. Taking those videos down means destroying our financial chain and our ability to make ANY videos. if we don't tell you everywhere that this shit happens to us, you will not see it and al our channels will die. Period.
Thats a fair point - however, as UA-cam is our bread and butter, and the largest part of our community only views the weekly videos or the B2W series, we feel like we have to use those channels to raise awareness. Thanks for your support and sharing your concern!
Indiana Neidell ahh I got you. Didn’t the old channel have corporate backing due to it being the 100 year anniversary? I wonder if somehow getting corporate support for timeghost (such as channels like Simple History that I suspect are American government propaganda, or even big companies like Khan Academy) would change the game. It sucks that it’s come to that, I wonder if as UA-cam gets more corporate will user-created content migrate to a different platform, because it’s not just history channels, its news and other touchy subjects getting slammed by this as well. Maybe like a YouNewsHistory, just a thought. That being said most of the top comments are now about the video in question so I think I just commented a little bit early. Keep up the great work :)
As Czech, I see Pilsudski in similiar way as Masaryk, realistic leaders, who did their best to serve true justice in Platonic sence. But it is interesting that even as I feel great emotions linked to my nation, I find myself identifiyng more with ideas of the Polish nation as I see it. And I value Pilsudski much more as an ideal I want to strive towards than i value Masaryk in this way. But it seems to me that this is led by my Catholic faith a bit.
I'm not a Catholic, but the more I read about Poland the deeper my admiration for so many facets of that extraordinary country. A life-time is not enough to be inspired by it and anyone who makes a genuine effort to explore it feels this way, whether Polish or not, so you're not alone :)
Hitler's opinion is completely hilarious given that the Teutonic Knights, whose Iron Cross became the symbol of Prussia and then Germany, literally created the Catholic Prussian state after repressing the Prussian pagans on the orders of the Kingdom of Poland.
1) It's difficult to name what really was that ,,May Attempt". The closest call is to coup d'état, but it can also be ,,the funniest civil war in history". It started with normal demonstration, that every country has, then some soldiers, led by Joseph Piłsudzki, came to Poniatowski's bridge, to talk to president Stanisław Wojciechowski. This talk didn't really change anything, so everyone went back to their positions, but then this coup started... accidentally, because one of soldiers (from Government's side) shooted and this coup started. But it could still be called a ,,misunderstanding" (maybe this soldier accidentally shooted, because he forgot he had a bullet in his chocked gun), but as soon as government realized, that it may be a coup (when in 13th May rebeliants captured logistical points, and when in 14th May they got into Warsaw) and in 14th May they surrendered. 2) Even though he disbanded some pollitical parties, that tried to make another coup, and started a program of ,,deradicalisating Poland" (he also disbanded radical parties, like Communist KPP, or Fascist ONR), his rule wasn't really a regime - normal people, not interested in pollitics, didn't really feel any change, only that the government is now finally stable. In every other regime, it's totally different.
I love what you guys do. This series is amazing!!! I was wondering if you could make a video or series about the conditions that led up to the American Revolution. There is plenty about the Revolution it's self but nothing about what caused it. The point of the Revolution is the causes that created it.
Thanks a bunch, Chris! Though your idea is interesting, I don't think it will happen any time soon. When B2W ends we want to something that is still 20th century-ish so it helps with the understanding of the World War Two series.
Hmm Pilsudski reminds me of Napoleon I. Brilliant popular military leader takes over unstable new government in a coup, brings about a meritocracy (sort of) as long as you don't oppose them and believes in the founding values of his country (enlightenment/revolutionary ideals for Napoleon, liberal democratic/multicultural values for Pilsudski) but doesn't let them stop them from doing what they want/think is necessary.
@@nikodemdyzma9330 Well I was thinking of the miracle on the Vistula. I thought he was the one behind that. At the very least he was a well respected and popular military leader, no? His brilliance may be debatable. I'll have to learn more about his military career.
@@henrimourant9855 Hi. U dont even realise how cheated is his biography! I detected mistakes in this documentary clip: 1.PPS was not "one of two dominate party". Two biggest parties were conservative! National democracy and peasant conservative party PSL Piast. Both catolic and right.60-65%. PPS was ~15-20% and Pilsudski cliqe in PPS was maybe 5-8%. 2.Pilsudski was "anty-russia" s o c j a l i s t and leadership in country was most important for him. Not the polish state but to be nr1.. He was sick on this point. Since Pilsudski discovered that Poles dont like PPS started to claim populistic words that he is not PPS longer (it was lie). And after 1926 he was doing very socialist political line in economy. 3.First polish president shooting in 1922 is big myth created by Pilsudski. Niewiadomski was removed feom ND structures in 1905 because he started support Pilsudski program (blow up russian trains and terror-PPS program against program ND, political saloons work). He was not ND in 1922! Moreover he was close to Pilsudski group since he work in...secret service(II Oddzial Sz.G.) !! Many decent teories claim now that it was part of Pilsudski plot to make coup in 1922 because he never accepted that Piast and ND have50+% while he 5-8%. Moreover there is dozen wird things in Warsaw occured that time. Now we have proofs that Pilsudski tried make coup in 1922 and murder all oposition!!! But we have no proof that killing president to prowoke mob was part of it. 4. Pilsudski was huuuge ego person. Incompetent but he was great politican. He created myth of hero...but it was not easy in conservative country. Despite very low support (below 10%) he was GREAT in skims and plot. In 1926 when first steady majority polish government was voted....he was loosed totally and decided for coup. Huuge support in coup was from Socialists and Kommunists!!! 14.05.1926 KPP officialy supported Pilsudski! Later on Pilsudski cheated and cheated red"s and commies too. In 1926 coup polish Government tried to avoid civil war and let him go. That was FAIL.His dictatorship was descending if industry and army. Dozens of great officers removed like in ZSRR, very incopetent rulling class of his friends (nepotysm, statolatria). Pilsudski is great MYTH because he decepted history books at government level ...in 30s ordered falsed books and now we have huuge problem in Poland with this! Its hard to make survey or write book without quoting that books and many people just ignore the problem to defend master degree or higher. 5.We trying to enlight true heroes of that time Paderewski,Witos, Korfanty, Dmowski, Musnicki and many more which were removed by jealous Pilsudski. One of the biggest deception is gen Tadeusz Rozwadowski, genius of military(!!!) And true commander of Vistula Victory! Pilsudski 6.08 had broken morale because he was rlweak military and collapsed army in summer 1920. 12.08 Pilsudski written dimission and leav HQ and go to....woman nearby Krakow! When Rozwadowski won...he come back and took back his domision!!! Later on killedvRozwadowski and removed crucial battles (Nasielsk and Lwow) from that defence operations. There is many kore facts...im discovering this as historian. I can tell U much more im historian in Poland we have huuge problem with this historical deception and some old historians dont accept true because of correctnes and monet. Pilsudski's movement is big money! Left side government like him too. Pilsudski was secret agent "Stefan" of CK government since 1908 and they supported him as fake leader of polish oposition in WWI becsuse they were so affraid about Poles. They choosed him and supported. He was connected to most strictly authorised HQ plannes of war and Pilsudski was doing socialists uprising at begin of war at west! Polish people didnt support him and his bloody and completly stupid at begin of war uprising. Pilsudski was collaborated with Germany and CK and only because of KNP and Dmowski in Parish rhe Entanta didnt defined Poland as collaborants if loosers.
@@nikodemdyzma9330 1. So, Indy (the guy in the video) didn’t say PPS was “one of two dominant parties” he said Poland was dominated by Endecja, the PPS and the peasant parties. Those were the three major political groups. He was very clear about it. If you don’t believe me just check out 2:36 and listen for yourself. Now maybe because he listed the peasant parties last you thought he was saying they were the smallest, but I think he did that simply because they required more explanation then the other two. 2. This just sounds like your opinion. Like Pilsudski officially left the PPS but whether or not he was lying and was secretly a socialist is a matter of opinion because we can’t read his mind. Also, just because you take many economic ideas from the socialist party doesn’t mean you are a socialist. In my country (the USA) FDR took many of his economic ideas from socialists but isn’t considered a socialist. So, I don’t think Indy (or Timeghost) did anything wrong here. 3. Ok so Indy did say that Eligiusz Niewiadomski was a member of DN but like you said he was expelled in 1905 (technically he was expelled from the National League but that was the precursor to ND). So, Indy was wrong there. But it is very clear that Niewiadomski was rightwing, supported ND, and hated Pilsudski. This is because he literally said himself that he originally wanted to kill Pilsudski because he thought Pilsudski was responsible for making Poland too leftwing. You say that he was a Pilsudski supporter because he and Pilsudski wanted to use violence to get Polish independence while ND didn’t. This doesn’t make sense. Just because two people want to use violence to achieve their goals doesn’t mean they agree on the same goals. Niewiadomski was a nationalist; he wanted Poland for the Poles. Pilsudski wanted to recreate the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, a multicultural country. You also say that since Niewiadomski worked in Polish intelligence then he must have been close to Pilsudski. I looked this up and it turns out that Niewiadomski originally wanted to join the army during the Polish-Soviet war but was turned down due to his age. Therefore, he applied to join Polish intelligence instead, was accepted and ended up working to translate Russian documents into Polish. At the end of the war he managed to convince his superiors to send him to the front lines as a soldier. Shortly after the war he was demobilized. Your argument is weak because the one thing ND and Pilsudski agreed on was that the Bolsheviks should not conquer Poland. So, it makes sense that someone who hates Pilsudski but supports Poland would do what he can to make sure Poland wins (in Niewiadomski’s case that means joining Polish military intelligence). You say that Pilsudski wasn’t happy with the low support he had, but the guy who just became president (Gabriel Narutowicz) supported almost all his policies so this means that Pilsudski had more widespread support then you say. So, to sum up, it seems very unlikely that Niewiadomski was secretly working for Pilsudski and Indy mostly got it right (with the exception that Niewiadomski was technically not a member of ND but it’s clear that he was a supporter so they should have clarified for accuracy’s sake). 4. You say that Pilsudski was very egotistical. That’s probably true, since he saw himself as the founder of Poland and a man of destiny (so he thinks he’s important). According to you he had low support (10%) but how are you getting this number? Were there any polls conducted at the time? Pilsudski made sure to not take political sides during the years leading up to 1926 so he could have gotten support from anyone in any party (except almost certainly ND supporters). I know the socialists and communists supported Pilsudski (at first). Leftwing and liberal people at the time tended to be more supportive of Pilsudski then rightwing people were. But so what? How does that make the video wrong? You also say Pilsudski’s government was “incompetent”. But from what I can tell the economy did pretty well under his rule (with exception of the depression) but this is debatable. And lastly you complain about his propaganda. Again, so? How does that make the video wrong? (also, Napoleon did use a lot of propaganda as well) 5. So, you say that Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski was the one that came up with the plan. This was commonly believed but has been shown by historians to be false (at least according to the book General Weygand and the Battle of the Vistula, 1920). Rozwadowski came up with a plan but the plan that was used was Pilsudski’s plan. As for his losing up until that point… everyone makes mistakes at some point (Napoleon had Waterloo, for example). You say Pilsudski wanted to resign but I don’t see why this means he’s bad, a lot of people were blaming him for losing the war up until that point so he thought maybe he should resign to restore confidence in the government but the prime minister said no and he was able to pull off a stunning victory. Yes, Pilsudski was working for the Germans and Austro-Hungarians and fought for them during WW1 against the Russian empire. But later he was imprisoned by them because he refused to have his soldiers swear loyalty to them. So, I wouldn’t exactly call him a collaborator. Also, even if he was a collaborator for the Germans, so what? It's not a crime to collaborate with a foreign country if your own country doesn't even exist yet. I’m not sure what the CK government is so I can’t really comment on him being a secret agent for them. So, to sum up I was just comparing him to Napoleon. This doesn’t mean I think he is a good person I just think he’s complicated, kinda like Napoleon. You don’t have to like Pilsudski but you seem to be letting your dislike of the man cloud your view of history making you believe things that don’t seem to be backed by much evidence (at least from what I can tell) especially when it comes to the assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz.
UA-cam has age-restricted our Blitz Spirit WW2 video and has *REMOVED* our Between Two Wars episode on the Holodomor (1932-02). We received a warning, which means that next time this happens we will be banned from publishing content for one week. They state that our 'content was removed due to a violation of our Community Guidelines,' on account of publishing 'violent of graphic content', explaining that 'Violent or gory content intended to shock or disgust viewers, or content encouraging others to commit violent acts, is not allowed on UA-cam.'
Needless to say, we are shocked and disgusted by this action and legitimisation and are currently exploring our options. Meanwhile, this shows how much our independence depends on our Patreon supporters. Without them, we would have been long gone. So please consider supporting our effort and help us spread vital knowledge about our worlds history, albeit hard to swallow or confronting. Don't let UA-cam decide what will be a part of our public memory! You can support us on patreon.com/timeghosthistory or timeghost.tv.
Cheers,
Joram
You can watch the deleted episode about the Holodomor here: spee.ch/@TimeGhostHistory:6/the-holodomor-the-communists-holocaust
*RULES OF CONDUCT*
STAY CIVIL AND POLITE we will delete any comments with personal insults, or attacks.
AVOID PARTISAN POLITICS AS FAR AS YOU CAN we reserve the right to cut off vitriolic debates.
HATE SPEECH IN ANY DIRECTION will lead to a ban.
RACISM, XENOPHOBIA, OR SLAMMING OF MINORITIES will lead to an immediate ban.
PARTISAN REVISIONISM, ESPECIALLY HOLOCAUST AND HOLODOMOR DENIAL will lead to an immediate ban.
Careful, Holodomor is an inconvenient topic for some people...
Funny how the History Channel has no problems with advertising, A bunch of butt hurt mother fuckers shouldn't be able to stop History from being explained/talked about. Unfortunately it could've been a denier as much as anyone who reported it. The topic isn't in doubt but we as people cant discuss it. Its funny how different History is once you leave school and look into it yourself. Keep up the good work, I find the videos are done really well and are full of the little details that are often glanced over.
Maybe it has to do with photographs of corpses? UA-cam may be of the opinion that the imagery is inappropriate even in a historical context.
Edit:
To be clear, I disagree, it’s just possible that’s how UA-cam’s enforcing its policy.
How on earth does UA-cam expect us to consider historical events or characters without a presentation of what happened as opposed to the legends which surround them. I grew up on this sort of thing and it made me aware that these sort of things aren't the good versus bad image of the old war movies, and I was a kid that played war in the streets. As soon as I saw your notice I went off and watched a handful of trailers of movies that portray violence in gratuitous and cruel detail. Which UA-cam, I'm sure, are happy to collect their revenue from and I'm certain don't meet their own Community Guidelines.
Lots of people can not accept the past and want to remove it any means possible because they dont want the truth. Indy and your team are always doing a great job. Alot of people say this, but i will say it again, thank you for the top work you guys do. I know its alot of work you guys put in your videos
I'm polish and i was watching this episode with my 96yo greatgrandmother born in 1923 and translating it for her. It gave me interasting perspective of the topic - Greetings from RP
My mother died in '17, she'd be 100 years old right now. I regret I couldn't have watched this with her; many of her memories of her youth now have odd gaps filled in by this video. She was from Warsaw.
That's fascinating! Did she think this episode gave an accurate description of what she grew up with?
What did she comment? Could you share some of her insight? :)
I'm Polish aswell, and my great great grandfather born in 1899 was a member of the Sejm during the coup and supported the Sanacja regime, but he was only in Government for like 2 years before he quit in protest with several other MP's. Never really made a name for himself but hey its neat.
@@roadhigher hello there comrade
I like to imagine that Indy is some kind observer of historic events who doesn't age. He looks the same here in 1935 as he did in 1914.
Spoiler - he`s going to look the same in 1940 :)
@@kamilkrupinski1793 And 1962 :)
It is due to the different drinks he consumes. Last episode beer, today it looks like sherry....
He's really Astinus in disguise.
He is a time traveler... it is like if in Back To The Future they've divided to go further back in time
"didn't expect being eaten by both"
After all such a scenario only happened 3 times in the end of the 18th century.
The last times it was eaten by three.
@@quedtion_marks_kirby_modding Austria didn't take a slice of the pie the second time if you want to be exact.
Life is much easier when you live on an island or even by a sea.
@@jussim.konttinen4981 When the sea starts speaking Dutch
I mean, technically, Prussia and Austria can be considered as a single German nation :/.
My Great grandfather was in the Polish Navy at the time of the coup in 1926. He was part of the military band, and as he viciously hated his mother-in-law, he drew a picture of her on the drum, so every time got opportunity to play he would beat on it. So anyways, he was sent on a train during the coup with a few hundred other sailors to the local town to keep order. Before the train even reached its destination the coup was finished and they imidietly returned onto the train back to the harbour. His name was Jan Kubiak R.I.P.
Great story.
Cool story! My great-grandfather was a former "Legionary" and and of course sympathised with Pilsudski when the coup started, so he wanted to go to Warsaw and help. However his (I think future at that point) father-in-law said "If you go, you might as well not come back". So he stayed of course :D
I notice from your username that you're his namesake, then?
@@TimeGhost I apologize in advance for my English, I am writing with a translator.
If you are interested in a very interesting figure from Poland, I recommend Władysław Studnicki. He is a forgotten figure, in our country he has only recently been remembered, but what a man he was. I will write in a nutshell without embellishment, I think it will interest you.
During the partitions, he fought for independence, was exiled to Siberia, etc. What is very rare among Poles at that time, he was very politically inclined towards Germany. He was one of the architects of the "Act of November 5th", in which the German Empire committed itself to the restoration of our state. This also forced the Entente to make similar efforts to win over the Poles. He was a terrible nonconformist and a man of great courage, you will understand it in a moment... He was a great supporter of the alliance of Poland with the Third Reich, but not on ideological grounds, but on geopolitical ones. He simply despised Nazism as a doctrine. He simply saw it as a lesser evil for Poland than in the USSR. In our part of the world at that time, it was always crucial for us to maintain the antagonism between Russia and Germany because their good relations = a tragedy for Poland. He even attended a Nazi rally in Nuremberg and met Hitler personally. He was very negatively disposed towards the alliance with the Allies. In the spring of 1939 (!) he wrote a book that was immediately confiscated by the Sanation. The book was called "In the Face of the Coming Second World War", in which he predicted:
A quick disintegration of Poland by Germany, lack of help from the Allies during the Polish campaign in 1939, the entry of the USSR on Hitler's side into the war with Poland and the Allies' submission of Poland to Stalin, etc., the surrender of our eastern lands to Russia... He literally predicted the entire war for Poland... A visionary and a great man... Because what he did during the German occupation was simply hats off... An almost 70-year-old man simply bombarded the Gestapo, etc. with letters in defense of many people. He got many of them out of trouble. If you understand me correctly - he was not a man who would come in with the text "I'm sorry, could you help me?", no, no. He would come in there with a swagger and argue with the Gestapo, yell at them like they were naughty children. He always had with him an invitation to the aforementioned meeting signed by Hess, etc. At first, it helped a lot. When this formula finally ran out, he started making a memorial about German crimes in Poland... He went to Berlin to demand a meeting with Hitler on this matter. It didn't work, the Gestapo arrested him and he finally ended up with Goebbels. Do you think he repented and apologized politely in front of him? No, he argued with Goebbels! Nobody talked to Germans like Studnicki did at that time. His reputation as a Germanophile and the only person who tried to come to an agreement with the Third Reich meant that he couldn't be killed from the German perspective. He ended up in prison, was finally released and returned to Poland. What do you think he did on the first day? Yes, he went to fight for his countrymen to the Gestapo. This man was indestructible. After all, when the head of the Gestapo changed, he was locked up in Pawiak. The first thing that happened was that he got punched in the face by the Gestapo. What did this small 70-year-old man do? He simply punched him back. He had such personal dignity and such courage that he simply hated off. In the end, he was released and continued doing the same thing. He fought for many Poles throughout the war, fought for some autonomy and rebuilding Poland. When Hans Frank came to him at the end of the war and asked what he could do for Poland now, Studnicki blurted out "disappear, I will no longer talk to the Third Reich, I will wait for the Fourth Reich". He helped organize weapons for Polish self-defense during the Volhynian Massacre (a very, very dark episode in the history of Poland and Ukraine, Poland was not holy to Ukraine many times either, but what the UPA did to people there is beyond belief... The Germans were terrified by their cruelty! And I write this as a person who supports Ukraine in this war with Russia, but you cannot remain silent on such matters)
For example, he was a great anti-Semite, he was not perfect, but at the same time he always stood up for the individual. When the Endecja attacked a Jew, despite his anti-Semitism, he was the first to defend him as an individual, he condemned it at every turn and fought against it. When at the beginning of the September campaign a dozen or so Germans were murdered out of fear of the 5th column, he also stood up for them. During the war, he did not avoid helping Jews, whenever he could, he always did. He was horrified by the Germans' murders of Jews, he was simply repulsed by such treatment of any person. He ended up in exile in England, many Poles behaved badly towards him, when I remember the end of his life, it makes me want to cry. He died some time after he had a stroke and was paralyzed, he died in poverty... And until the end of his life he fought for the Polish cause, wrote books, texts, etc. He was a man of incredible will. I really recommend you the topic of this character. Dmowski or Piłsudski? Studnicki!
I went into a cake shop in Melbourne, Australia in the 1990s and after ordering something asked the owner who was the man whose picture was on the wall. He explained that it was a great Polish leader who defeated the Russians in the early 1920s and created the modern state of Poland.
Piłsudski inherently was a perplexing conundrum. A battle of perpetual opposites, if you will. Who wins..... Eyebrows? Or... mustache?
He is a haggard veteran of the War of Facial Hair, a little known theater of the Great War.
Jozef Pilsudski and Friedrich Nietzsche look so similar to me.
Or....dear Leszek, biggy biggy diggy diggy.....who knows?
Eyebrows.
Fight me, mate!
🤣😂
Indy: guided democracy or autocracy battle it out in the comments
Me: RIP Polish Naruto
Pilsudski has such a badass look, that hair, that “tache”, and above all those brows
Yeah ! And he was only 3 years old !
On the coins he looks even more badass. Google "10 zloty 1935" for example.
"I believe I can rule over Poles without a whip."
- Józef Piłsudski
Excellent video!
RIP polish Naruto
Literally, “son of Naruto.” :-)
www.deviantart.com/tompastuszka/art/Narutowicz-117384771
El Leche 😂
Probably killing Narutowicz was part of Pilsudsko plot! Narutowicz was NOT in ND since 1905...he was suppirting Pilsudski terror. He was mad guy and newest discoveries suggest that Pilsudski deliberatelly provoked him do provoke mob to support his copu in 1922! 100% Pilsudski planned coup i 1922 bu we have no proofs that killing Narutowicz was part of it. But is many points.
😂
history of poland in a nutshell
"no one is gonna help me out? Fine i'll do it myself"
and always there to help the other guy even if he just comes in and takes part of what u have a few years later.
But 70% of the time they didn’t do it by themselves….
@@jbatts834 always by themselves, others just pretended to help
That was a fine episode. Piłsudski is a complicated person and his policy is a subject of debate for years. I love how you managed to show both sides of the story and remained neutral.
@2manynegativewaves Oh, he's definitely hated by both commies and neo-nazis. He essentially tried to dissolve democracy to stop extremists from getting power. It's rare to have a dictator which is not possessed by an ideology, but patriotism.
@@singami465 Rare? We are trying to do it again, if you haven't noticed. And, funny thing, I support it :D
"don't worry we've got your back!"
France
Say the self propelled sandbags.
"And the allie never came" I took the song Warsaw I think it by Sabaton
oh guys even i as a polish man know history well enough to know we had a deal with french and british that we are going to defend ourselves for long enough to let France and Britain mobilize, yet, they beat the shit out of us a bit too fast
@@theodoreroosevelt3143 Brits were suppose to bomb Germany since the beginning of the war but all they did was drop toilet paper...
@Rodycaz well thank you very much
Fun fact. Poland A and Poland B mentaly still exists. It frequently flares up when elections or other political subjects come up. With the West tending more towards the progressive side, and the east towards the conservative/traditionalist.
Not only mentally but also economically. All of the Poland's poorest regions are in the east.
It's different east and west though - Poland A now is German territory ceded after WW2. Poland B now is what Poland A was during interwar years - central Poland. Poland B of interwar years is now Belarus and Ukraine
It's not as clean cut as you wrote. Warmia and Masuria is one of the poorest places in Poland with the highest joblessness index, yet is voting for neoliberal centrists instead of right wing populists. Same goes for Lubusz land and parts of Opole-Silesia.
Poland C- the goralan is looking at Poland A & B wondering what they are saying…and goes back to the cytranowka and oscypek
Well the new East was the old West and the new West is... Germany.
If Narutowicz had Naruto-run he could have dodged the bullets and escape alive
Nope.
Shot in the back, completely out of the blue.
Substitution jutsu
This guy was an opposite to Adam Pawłowicz: after his death, system became less stable (when after Pawłowicz's death (this guy was a thief, to be honest), everyone started to think about ,,hate speech")
@@Admiral45-10 Adam Pawłowicz? Who is it? I can find only a journalist that still lives.
Quite soon after Narutowicz's death right-wing journalist Stroński coined up a phrase "Ciszej nad ta trumną" ("quieter around that coffin") by which he meant to speak less about Narutowicz's death and role right-wing talking points had played in pushing the killer to make his deed.
Sadly enough the phrase is still being used in Polish albeit in intent of keeping actual reverence for the dead person.
@@PobortzaPl well, in Poland just after a death of this stealer, there was a ,,stop hate speech" thing. Death of Narutowicz made Democracy very unstable.
I think you captured the processes that were going on in Poland between WWI and WWII and the challenges we were coping with really well. The chaos after over a century of being partitioned amongst Russia, Prussia and Austria. The amazing ability to unite and sacrifice when fighting for sovereignty against the Germans and the Russians. And the equally amazing, if not debilitating inability to come to any kind of consensus on how to self-govern. The different ideas as to what Poland should be like, a monolythic state or a federation. The immense respect and authority that Pilsudski commanded. The reluctant use of his authority to interfere with the democracy. And finally, the saaad diplomatic isolation: On one hand, the desire for both genocidal regimes, Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany to carve up Poland again. On the other - no desire by France and Britain to fulfill their obligations as allies. Good job!
Thank you
Does the "Hitler-Pilsudski Pact of 1935" mean anything to you? This is Pilsudski's attempt to make friends with Hitler for a joint war against Russia
A Voice from Poland: Well done, Sir! Thank You and your Team for your excellent job - here in Poland we continue to be divided about the controversies of The Second Polish Republic - the public and historians alike have endlessly been disputing the issues you have so brilliantly and succinctly presented in your film - thank You All for your interest in the Polish history!
as a 100% Polish person I truly admired the character, narrative and the way of running this lecture by the performer! And VERY thorough historic content supported with knowledge and years of studying ! Thumbs up!! Thank you and I will check out your other series Sir. Oh... and I loved the toast Na Zdrowie at the end ! Well done Sir!
To me, it looks like Piłsudski had seen enough and knew he had to take matters into his own hands. Poland's weakness has never been its resilience or the strength of its people, but it has always been the inability of its people to find, empower, or ensure good leadership.
One episode of your story is worth a year of history class in school. Nowhere it is more obvious than when you talk about the history of Poland. No taking sides, no bias, just objective narration and engaging content.
No. There is an obvious Eurocentric bias.
@@Jusmemeing That's what happens when people talk about European history: they focus on Europe, stupid.
Hello indy, I have been a fan since the great war. I am really enjoying this new channel and the work you guys put in to it is not going unappreciated
You must be old if you have been here since the Great war.
@@hubertozga2588 only 1890s kids understand
I sent feedback to UA-cam about their taking down this episode. I had no problem at all playing the "Child of Holocaust Survivors" card. Maybe if every one of your watches does the same, someone might notice?
mommachupacabra you wish...
youtube works almost like some totalitarian leader from the first part of 20th century nowadays
We made some novice, you made some noise - we were heard! The epode is back, thank you for your support!
Hello can you pls tell me if the sanajia left was demorcatic or not?
I just cant find an clear answere@@TimeGhost
Useful background information - been trying to imagine life in Interwar Poland while studying my wife's family history. Of course most of the events around Pilsudski's period were urban, and her family lived in the rural eastern parts (in present Belarus far north of Bereza Kartuska, which I guess was situated in the Polesia Voivod, or today's Brest Oblast). But I can imagine now of a few more questions to ask those who might have lived in that period or survived its aftermath from your overview. Thanks for the guidance, and for diligently following the facts in your coverage of the period (despite complaints from those who are offended by, well, reality).
My family came from Poland but in the southeastern part... although they got out of "Austrian Galicia" to the US, Chicago, during and right before World War I....they also came from a rural area, although some family members lived in Rzeszow and Tarnow...
Dad was from Silesia. Mom was in the Warsaw Ghetto, she remembers her dad showing off his old hyperinflation German marks, and some of his stories she recounts tells me I'm just as crazy as he was. :) Just safer now.
@@chaseskalon3622
My grandmother was born in Wola Rzedszinska & Grandfather in Dlugie Sanok.
How can I find any info about these areas from 1890-1930 but in ENGLISH? Some sites want$$, some not available on english. Wondering if you have come across the names of Syslo & Wojtal.
Please let me know & send me a link if possible.
Amazingly well made episode. Cheers!
For some Piłsudski was a Mussolini like fascist, for others an almost holy savior of the nation. Historic personalities are often misused to legitmize or delegitimize current governments or ideologies. The more important are such series as TimeGhost History with a strictly neutral stance and an objective approach to history and the acting personal. Many thanks for this!
The secret was that awesome mustache - once he passed, there was no hope.
Piłsudski had a moustache because before WW1 he got shot in his teeth and he tried to hide it (that's also the reason, why he never smiled on pictures). But also having a moustache was a typical thing for... Legendary XVIIth Century Winged Hussars, which was according to believe (popular in XVIIth Polish-Lithuanian Aristocracy), that they come from ,,Sarmats" - semi - legendary Black Sea tribe (more precisely, they were supposed to live somewhere in today's Romania), that kicked out Romans.
Who would win?
Pilsudski's majestic mustache?
Or
Hitler's joke of facial hair?
with so many "partisans commentators" on this platform this is a breath of fresh air is one of the best channels out there! lets hope it grows as quickly as these reactionary type. people actually could learn from history, it would be better for society and less polarization. definitely subscribed!
At first, I thought they handed me the wrong dossier. I couldn't believe they wanted this man demonetised. Third generation TimeGhost, top of his class. The Great War, Between 2 Wars. About a thousand decorations. Etcetera, etcetera. I had heard his voice on the video and it really put the hook in me. But I couldn't connect up that voice with this man. Like they said, he had an impressive career, maybe too impressive, I mean perfect. He was being groomed for one of the top slots in the corporation: General, Chief of Staff, anything. In 2018, he returned from a tour with advisory command in The Great War and things started to slip. His report to the Joint Chiefs of Staff and UA-cam was restricted. It seems they didn't dig what he had to tell 'em. During the next few months, he made three requests for transfer to TimeGhost training, Berlin, Germany and was finally accepted. ? He was fifty-one years old. Why the f--k would he do that? 2019: Joined World War Two, returns UA-cam.
@David Frick Nope, Hot Shots! Part Deux. (kappa)
David Frick duh.....
@David Frick yes
lols
They got off the boat. You never get off the boat.
Been with you since 1914 and have learn't more from these videos than i ever did in history class. Thanks to Indy and his team. Best channel on UA-cam.
Thank you!
Same here. The people teaching history do not teach history but a badly bent version of it.
"If you've been with us since 1921" well...
Timeghost has graced us with another video. Praise be!
Indy, i can't wait for 1937. When my country will see the ''great'' chief of the Brazilians, Getúlio Vargas, with the Constitution of 1937 and the Estado Novo, coincidentally nicknamed ''The Polish''. A little reference to Piłsudski.
Very interesting. How come?
@@OchotaJack What? The Constitution of 1937?
Ok, you've spiked my curiosity.
I hope these guys cover it.
An Latin America or southamerican history would be awesome.
From cuba history on WWII and its influence on the latter revolution, to Argentina and Brazil politics towards the axis while produce for the allies, to Mexican part on WWII. There is a lot.
Getúlio... Done many good things, but a fascist is always a fascist. Mengele died here because Getúlio let it happen.
17:10 Piłsudski was never the president. During the Sanacja rule Ignacy Mościcki occupied that post.
You’re right but Indy already said that he filled the post of president with “allies”. And with his level of power, allies in this context means puppets. So he statement about the constitution being tailer made for him still applies. I appreciate the point you’re making though and feel like Indy could have been clearer when making his point.
He didn't tell he was. He told that he was meant to be, but died before the new constitution passed which written for him to be one.
The only thing that might be seen as somewhat misleading is when he said that Narutowicz replaced Piłsudski as President. To be perfectly accurate, Piłsudski never held the post of President but he was in fact the so-called "Supervisor of the State" in the period between 1918 and Narutowicz's election. That was for all intents and purposes the office of the head of state as well but still, if you want to be pedantic...
Well, the fact is, that a random chemistry teacher, Ignacy Mościński, was officially a President, but it was a pollitical puppet of Joseph Piłsudzki.
Then, to rule on his own just after Piłsudzki's death, he kicked out Władysław Grabowski, with help from gen. Edward Rydz - Śmigły, who became a new Marshall.
Hw was. 1 day long.
17:15 a small mistake here. The president wan only responsible before god and history, not state
A very interesting video. Thanks for posting this; my appetite for more Polish history has been whetted!
Rip Narutowicz, he never got to realize his dream of being Hokage
Great video, its great how you showed the difference between pilsudski from other dictators of the time
Excellent Job!!! Best from Poland!!!
Thank you
It's so easier to watch your series now that you've got your exposure and color issues fixed. Bravo!
The 2nd Polish Republic is very idealised in Poland to the point it almost looks like utopia. Mostly it's thanks to Soviet Union as after 1945 2nd Polish Republic was the last free and independent Polish state unlike PPR which was just a Soviet puppet. Nowadays in 3rd Polish Republic* there's still nostalgia for the 2nd one but people start to remember Sanacja's crimes and stop treating Piłsudski like a saint.
*Some politicians tried to embrace the idea, that they're 4th Polish Republic, though it's unclear to me if they treat PPR as 3rd one, or every government after the fall of communism in 1989...
Fun fact: Polish Republic in Polish is called "Rzeczpospolita Polska", but there's a word "Republika" also meaning Republic, but "Rzeczpospolita" is reserved only for Poland, PLC ("Rzeczpospolita Obojga Narodów" - Republic of Both Nations), Free City of Kraków ("Rzeczpospolita Krakowska" - Republic of Kraków) and Republic of Zakopane ("Rzeczpospolita Zakopiańska").
First of all, as a Russian, I hope my people will come to acknowledge all the wrong we have done to the Polish people (among others) and stop absolving ourselves of those wrongdoings, if only to stop falling into the same traps of nationalism ourselves. That being said, recent political developments in Poland do seem quite worrying, in particular the ban on criticising many aspects of the Second Republic (in particular, the legislation against Polish Jews and collaboration with Nazis in that regard).
There was also the Commonwealth of Venice (Rzeczpospolita Wenecka). Rzeczpospolita actually means the same as... Reich in German. It can describe any political system.
There was also the Commonwealth of Venice (Rzeczpospolita Wenecka). Rzeczpospolita actually means the same as... Reich in German. It can describe any political system.
@@BezimiennyBot Rzeczpospolita is polonized "Res Publica" (Republic) and is taken from latin.
@@iliakorvigo7341 On behalf of my Polish ancestors, I forgive your ancestors.
Somewhat. Because you can NOT BRING BACK THE DEAD.
So I shall leave you a parting shot, in which you can not disagree:
WE ARE THE ONLY PEOPLE WHO KICKED LENIN'S ASS! AND MY GRANDFATHER WAS ONE OF THEM!
REMEMBER THE VISTULA!!🇵🇱
Neither one of US is responsible nor can we EVER FULLY UNDERSTAND THEIR STUGGLE & PAIN!
I ask ALL WHO READ THIS: Do you understand that IF many of my relatives were not murdered, saw what they saw, suffered as they did, how different my family might have been? The WORLD might have been?
So much potential, gone. And for what?
When we die, we CAN'T TAKE ANYTHING WITH US. No riches or bobbles, no power, reputation...it has value only in this realm.
We ALL answer to Him, on His terms.
RIP JAKUB S. WOJTAL
HALLER'S BLUE ARMY
9th REGIMENT, 2nd BATTALION
1895-1957
Very thorough and fair video.
God bless Poland!
Sincerely, this random American.
God bless America!
random Pole
God Bless and Keep,
POLAND !
Just a U.S. Marine,
Of German, Swedish, Shawnee(native American) decent. Who grew up in Detroit, with few but great friends of Polish and Italian decent.
God certainly does bless Poland. Through all the suffering the nation went through, Poland still stands.
Edit: Niech Bóg błogosławi Polsce!
kościuszko squadron
Can't believe the amount of good history videos popping up in December !!! Good job just subscribed !
I liked the episode, but I’m wondering if you’re gonna talk about the whole Zaolzie mess. I was sure you were gonna mention it in the episode on Czechoslovakia, and then even more sure you must mention it in the episode on Poland. Keep up the good work.
It is particularly unfortunate mess, since it created a lot of tension between Czechoslovakia and Poland in a time when they had mutual enemies. If not for that, maybe there could have been some sort of defensive alliance between the two against Germany and Soviet Union
maybe he will talk about it in 1938 episodes ?
I believe he mentioned it in passing in the Czechoslovakia episode, but referred to it as Teschen rather than Zaolzie.
Well Zaolzie is just a small piece of territory. I think it will be mentioned in 1938. There will be a lot of things about Czechoslovakia because for Czechs it was a crucial year from which Czech nation has trauma until these days and never recovered its morale. I am talking about Munich treaty (treason in Czech point of view).
@@UndercoverSonar Teschen is a German name for it. In Czech it's "Těšín" and in Polish it is "Czieszyn".
2 episodes in one week, you are spoiling us Indy.
To be precise, Wiaczesław Mołotow never called the II Republic of Poland a "monstrous bastard", it meant more "an absurd child" in a bit offensive/informal way (in Polish it would be the word "potworek" which literally means "a little monster", but is used to describe absurd, dysfunctional creations). Source - Polish ambassador to Russian Federation in the late 1990s and 2000s.
That's bullshit.
I'm glad to see that you didn't butcher the pronunciation of Polish names like many history channels on youtube do. :)
Four years of doing The Great War
The main square in the centre of Warsaw bears the name of Pilsudski Square. It also features a life-size statue of the man. Just about every town in Poland has a Pilsudski Street. Says everything how the man is viewed in Poland today. He was a decent man. His coup stabilized the administrative scene. Almost all countries in Europe had a hard time getting democracy to work around that time. Political parties were acting more like trade unions or groups representing particular interests. A party representing the interests of workers, a party representing the farmers, parties of the minorities, and others. The society wasn’t mature enough for a full democracy. People like Pilsudski understood that a “guided democracy” was a better option for the time being. Eventually the country was to revert to a full democracy. That’s why democratic institutions like the parliament, free press, trade unions, were retained following the coup.
He was a dictator. That's not a bad thing, to be honest, Cincinnatus was a dictator. 14 governments in a few years isn't a stable democracy, it's chaos. Someone had to intervene and quash it. Clearly discourse didn't work, he had to apply force. Yes, I see that there were plenty of very unfortunate events and many lives were shattered. That being said, had he not stepped in, what would the political instability have caused? I tend to think that there were no good options, but he chose the best of what was offered.
@@the_astrokhan Before Sulla the Roman institution of dictatorship was very different from the modern model. The dictator could only be appointed with a senatorial decree, his powers were limited to the specific matter he was commissioned to deal with, and his term ran only for the duration of the crisis he was appointed to deal with or for six months, whichever was shorter. Sulla and Caesar changed the dictatorship into something entirely different, which is where the modern usage came from, but their actions in doing so were much, much more controversial and, in many eyes, disreputable than anything earlier dictators like Cincinnatus had done.
@@brucetucker4847 I'm very well aware of the political tools at the disposal of the early republic. I was, however, illustrating that a dictatorship isn't necessarily a terrible thing. At least, not for the majority. Notice how I go on to mention the reason for his interference. Poland had devolved into a failed state. The man retired and stayed out of politics for 4 years. In 1921 he had the broad support to actually retain the presidency and force the issue. But he chose to step down as he didn't want the country to tear itself apart. 4 years later and 14 governments showed that the country needed a direction that a pure democracy couldn't offer it. Someone needed to step in. Were there abominable mistakes? Sure, no one is denying it. But there is a reason why the man is still venerated in Poland. Most people are aware of the excesses under his rule, however, they also recognize that there was either that or nothing at all as the country would devolve into infighting in the coming years. The 123 years had created different cultures, the revolutions had caused class strife and the neighbors were all too eager to prod the factions into animosity against eachother. There was no winning scenario without a strong government. Elections had given successive governments each weaker and shorter lived than the previous. It was a descent towards chaos and anarchy. He did what he saw as the only logical course of action: he took the wheel and took charge. He is a hero to many of us, despite his flaws and errors not because of them.
@@the_astrokhan It's been suggested a possible alternative might have been leaving democracy in place with some amendments, like introduction of a strong presidency, similar to what the US has. Introduction of electoral threshold for political parties would have reduced the instability since fewer parties in the parliament would mean less political wrangling. But you have to consider there is strong circumstantial evidence this coup wasn't planned, it was more of a work accident. As for shattered lives, Indy is making it sound very dramatic when he talks about political prisoners, harsh prisons and torture. In reality it wasn't half as bad. Political prisoners with harsh conditions were mostly Soviet agitators, along with Polish and Ukrainian extremists. And even they were under professional supervision to make sure they don't suffer any lasting physical or mental health damage.
@@comdo831 I completely agree. That being said, I think he (and a lot of the men who actually fought for the independence of the nation) saw that the men who were left to rule were incapable of doing so in the best interest of the nation. It's not too much of a leap of logic to assume (yes, I'm assuming here so it's 100% debatable) that he was intending on installing strong foundations for a democratic state after his departure (retirement or otherwise). In any case, we COULD debate it but in the end we won't really know what was really going on through his head. What is undeniable is that he did stabilize the country's political unrest, arrested the downward spiral of the economy and gave the nation a strong direction. Was it perfect? No, but then again, nothing is and there will always be these who end up downtrodden by any system. There just happened to be less of them under his dictatorship than under the preceding democratically elected administrations.
Your prononciation of Polish names is most admirable
Thanks for this episode Andy! :) What is interesting is the fact that there is still division on Poland A and B
Indy *
Those are some unbelievable things said about Poland by Hitler and Molotov. Poor Poland - always in a "bad neighborhood", stuck between Russia (then the USSR) and Germany.
Lol, during medieval times in XI century, our third ruler and second king, Mieszko II was attacked simultaneously by Kievan Rus from the east and Holy Roman Empire from the west. It ended so badly that his son was named Kazimierz the Restorer. Well, ruso-germanic alliance is not our favourite thing.
don't forget Sweden and those to the south.
@@fredericksbays5128 teutonic order and Bohemia(xiv century) or Hungary in xv century
Time to go full berserker at 360°.
Well considering who Hitler & Molotov are, I don't think their words on Poland and the Polish is particularly trustworthy. And on the other hand, shouldn't be surprised if they're incredibly not nice. It seems that an ultranationalist like Hitler would never understand the possibility of a country with so much diversity, like interwar Poland. Like literally, Poland is the father of the idea of 'religious tolerance'. The likes of Thomas Jefferson reportedly even took their idea of religious tolerance in the US from the P-L commonwealth.
More episodes about Poland please!!!
na zdrowie Indy!
jesteście wspaniali :*
Guided democracy, isn't that what we see in most western regimes nowadays...with a mix of oligarchy as well...sort of guided oligarcracy.....then there was "didn't expect to be eaten by both"...master piece Indy.
Singapore responds to the notion of guided democracy
Mr. Neidell, you literally appeared in multiple channels like everyday but somehow you are not feel tired. How can this be?
Salute for your commitment, sir.
I guess it's all that clean healthy living. or all the wine. or a combination of the two.
He is so commited to history that he stopped aging
@@oLii96x you mean that he is aging backwards?
Molotovs way of describing Poland is so incredible.
I've been here with you since 1921 and I am now 98 years old
Have been here since 1914 now 71.
wow, wow, wow. These lessons of interwar history just keep getting better and better. And the narration style....man, Indy just keeps improving year after year. This is the ONE channel I never miss a youtube episode from. If Indy had been my history teacher I wouldn't work in finance today.
Thank you from all of us (especially form Indy of course). If we look in our wallets we might however commend you for your career choice ;-)
This is a superbly detailed and accurate account. Good job. Bravo!
"The great men weave,
And the people grieve,
With nobody the wiser,
The young ones fall,
The great grow tall,
And every one a miser.
We learn a truth,
Of import ruth-
-Less as a loveless letter,
All our schemes,
Our fondest dreams,
Reduced to Jingo's fetters." -WBC
Is this the origin of Jingoism?
Jingo was a mythical empress of Japan. Her story includes having a special suit of armor made so she could battle, while pregnant. It became topical to mention her in this regard in Europe in the middle/late 19th century after the "Japanese renaissance" (a cultural display of Japanese art and clothing) spawned a song about her. Afterward, the word: "Jingo" or "Jingoist" meant warlike.
I wrote the poem after I watched this episode. Thanks for pinching my muse again, Spartacus and Indy!
The 1921 March constitution was doomed to failure. Based on the French "constitution" of the Third Republic it was entirely insufficient to enable the unification of a country that had been partitioned for over a century and attempting to rebuild itself in the midst of post-war social and economic tumult.
I hope the Holodomor episode returns soon! Best of luck, amazing content as usual.
TheRedBaron, it has returned
Only took a few days luckily
This one is a little more difficult to take in. But I think I got It all in 15min.
You guys are fantastic
The more things change the more they stay the same. Poland has learned nothing. Those who want Poland to be an honorable, respectable, distinguished parliamentary democracy remain in the minority while self-serving authoritarians are in control. It's a sad story.
Not all people really understand or respect democracy
I have read extensively about Poland during the Interwar period and I must say that you have presented a very accurate, succinct and thorough presentation of the situation. Well done Indy.
Thank you
Democracy is a luxury in times of need
“Guided democracy” - well said Indie!
Piłsudski can be called what I name a "pragmatic idealist". His goals were ambitious and idealistic (reviving the Commonwealth, breaking up the Soviet Union, and fair treatment of other nationalities; anyway he has always considered himself a Polish Lithuanian), yet he was down-to-earth in its realizations. He despised how nationalists in mid- and lower- administration were treating Ukrainians, for example, but had no qualms about ordering a crackdown when separatist terrorism went too far.
Along with most Poles I consider him one of the greatest heroes of our history... And in a certain way I'm both relieved and sad he died before 1939.
Relieved, because this has spared him defeat and probably murder by either Soviets or Nazis (assuming there would be war with Germans) thus preserving the legend.
Sad, because he could have led Poland differently, which would have probably spared us some of the WW2's apocalypse. His doctrine of equal distances from Berlin and Moscow wasn't so strict, he has stated in his political testament: "balance only as long as you can, then choose side". He proposed France a preventive war with Germany when Hitler was about to gain power. France refused, and Piłsudski instantly reached out in friendly gesture to Hitler ( as the first foreign statesman, even before he became chancellor, this made Hitler his great sympathiser). Hitler really respected him, organised a symbolic funeral in Berlin for him and had a Wehrmacht honour guard at his tomb during the occupation. He often said that it wouldn't have come to war with if Piłsudski was alive. And I tend to agree. Piłsudski wouldn't have bet all on France and Britain, often said the west is lousy and France will betray us. Also, he has, justly so, considered the Soviets the greatest threat. It's very likely he'd join axis when it was an option, thus sparing us at least the genocidal German occupation. Alas, in the power struggle after his death power wasn't seized by his own nominee Sławek (pragmatist like himself) but pompous hurrapatriots like Rydz and Beck...
The problem with Pilsudskis vision was also that Ukrainians and Belarussians were not yet there in terms of statehood (e.g. Petluras failure to estabilish Ukrainian government). Also the Lithuanians developed their own understanding of history and thought in general of Poles and, especially polonised Lithuanians, as threat and traitors, especially after the whole Zeligowski party, where the Poles took the historical capital of Lithuania due to Pilsudski coming from that area. So he had to chose the pragmatic option, even that was against his ideas. It is also amazing to consider that how he was a revolutionary when he was younger, robbing tsarist trains and all, but then turning into this grandfatherly, stoic type head of state. In the end it was a great shame that after his death the opportunists took over (and many also even before) who were using his name and their parttake in fighting for Polish indepence 1917-21 to cover-up for their incompetence and inability to lead.
I see (and I live here we do talk about him in public school) see Piłsudski's coup as a thing necessary to ensure stability of a Nation in shambles and really in heart a temporary solution to that problem. Cause really the most important thing was to preserve the polish state after long fought Independence.
Please make the note that marshal Pilsudski DID NOT beat the "Soviet" army but the Bolshevik one. When they had invaded Poland the Soviet Union did not exist yet. In history it is known as the Polish-Bolshevik War.
Thanks for your video on this complex history. I think you made a great video!
This video was uploaded on Pilsudski's birthday.
One of major political parties was left out and that is "Chadecja" which was Christian Democracy. It was more of a centrist party leaning to the right and inspired by Catholic social teaching. Kinda like the German CDU after WW2. Three was a coalition of vaguely christian-democratic parties joining christian, national & peasant elements called pejoritevely "Chjena" (sounding like hyena) and was in coalition in parlament with the agrarian party of Witos.
Also the Centrolew alliance was not just left wing.
Its funny you are doing episode aboout Poland and Czechoslovakia back to back. At one point in time there was also idea to unite Poland and Czechoslovakia into single state / federation to balance germany and ussr. Entire project ended pretty quickly, czecks were afraid that in such a pact poland would dominate due to much bigger population which would only led to drain czechs money and industry. Poles didnt like the idea either, afraid that due to stronger economy it will be czechs in lead, using poles as shield in time of danger and cheap work force.
When both governments had nothing to rule, bored of english spam, desperate to do anything at last they came to the idea to do sth right. That was period of atlantic charter being signed and lots of noble declarations.
It would probably end like Yugoslavia, but maybe without civil war.
@@Milosz0pl Since Czechs and Slovaks managed to split amicably that scenario sounds quite possible.
Where I can find something more about it?
Interesting concept hadn’t heard of that before
Did you see last week's 60 Minutes where they did a segment on UA-cam, COPPA and how they are censoring content? The segment is up on YT. It's a real eye-opener.
please consider doing a similar series on thew Baltic states: Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia? Thanks, Indy
I don't know if you meant your drink or your toast, but if the latter, "Na zdrowie" is Polish. Most think it is Russian, but that is incorrect... To your Health would be За твоё здоровье (Za tvoye zdorovye).
As always, to be immersed in your rendition of history is the next best thing to living it. Dziekuje!
Sometimes I forget that Indy is 140 years old
Dear all included in project,
My name is Bosko,I am from Serbia and I have cerebral palsy, because of that I love to watch different historical channels on UA-cam. Yours general is very interesting and educational.
I have an advice for you. If some video is part of, for example, two of four,please put rest links of videos in the description section
They are only part 2 of 4 because we're doing 4 for that year. Our Between Two Wars playlist shows all in chronological order.
1:09, No Indy, I've been with you since 1914
Will you do an episode covering Finland? The interwar period is pretty important as the divides from the civil war were healed, which meant the nation was united when the Soviets invaded
The divides were healed only when the Soviets invaded. There were political prisoners throughout the interwar years and actually increased after the 1930 laws.
I wish you guys would deal with the demonetization stuff separately from the videos, in like a community post. Way too many comments freaking out about the holodomor episode getting removed (it will be back up once a human reviews it - very wrong of YT but I don’t feel this video is the place to discuss), not enough on the topic at hand.
You don't understand- community posts don't have nearly the reach that ordinary videos we release do. Taking those videos down means destroying our financial chain and our ability to make ANY videos. if we don't tell you everywhere that this shit happens to us, you will not see it and al our channels will die. Period.
Thats a fair point - however, as UA-cam is our bread and butter, and the largest part of our community only views the weekly videos or the B2W series, we feel like we have to use those channels to raise awareness. Thanks for your support and sharing your concern!
Indiana Neidell ahh I got you. Didn’t the old channel have corporate backing due to it being the 100 year anniversary? I wonder if somehow getting corporate support for timeghost (such as channels like Simple History that I suspect are American government propaganda, or even big companies like Khan Academy) would change the game. It sucks that it’s come to that, I wonder if as UA-cam gets more corporate will user-created content migrate to a different platform, because it’s not just history channels, its news and other touchy subjects getting slammed by this as well. Maybe like a YouNewsHistory, just a thought. That being said most of the top comments are now about the video in question so I think I just commented a little bit early. Keep up the great work :)
10:55 Rudolf Hess doppelgänger
15:36: Joseph Goebbels doppelgänger
15:36 that is the real Göbbels
Poland: exist.
Evryone disliked that.
LOL, oh man I think broke a rib laughing.
Latvia: not true, I do like.
Except:
Hungary cheers.
Japan cheers (strange but true).
Italy cheers.
@@OchotaJack ah yeah, Italy and Poland were friendly. I almost forgot that.
??? ¿¿¿ power of the Vatican.........
Not political, cough, cough.....
I really appreciate your effort put in correct pronounciation:)
You are welcome! Thanks for the appreciation!
As Czech, I see Pilsudski in similiar way as Masaryk, realistic leaders, who did their best to serve true justice in Platonic sence. But it is interesting that even as I feel great emotions linked to my nation, I find myself identifiyng more with ideas of the Polish nation as I see it. And I value Pilsudski much more as an ideal I want to strive towards than i value Masaryk in this way. But it seems to me that this is led by my Catholic faith a bit.
I'm not a Catholic, but the more I read about Poland the deeper my admiration for so many facets of that extraordinary country. A life-time is not enough to be inspired by it and anyone who makes a genuine effort to explore it feels this way, whether Polish or not, so you're not alone :)
Very nice piece of work was done here
Thanks, we appreciate it.
This is the only video in English about Sanacja, even if you search Sanation.
I am watching all of the Between 2Wars again, just as brilliant the 2nd time around, thank you, totally brilliant
Pilsudski was a fascinating figure.
Yes he was
Chris Gerardy but he was neither perfect or free of controversy
@@franciscomm7675 And that's what makes him fascinating.
@@franciscomm7675 bad who is perfect ??? And what great person isnt controversy.
Darek 44 Santa Claus
5:55 indy talking polish currencies the same way a mother would give out to her children. "the SIX".
Hitler's opinion is completely hilarious given that the Teutonic Knights, whose Iron Cross became the symbol of Prussia and then Germany, literally created the Catholic Prussian state after repressing the Prussian pagans on the orders of the Kingdom of Poland.
I watched it with pleasure :) Kudos!
Actually the April Constitution stated that the President can only be judged "by God and history". So, basically no one.
As there is not god then only history can do that.
@@fredericksbays5128 You are wrong.
1) It's difficult to name what really was that ,,May Attempt". The closest call is to coup d'état, but it can also be ,,the funniest civil war in history". It started with normal demonstration, that every country has, then some soldiers, led by Joseph Piłsudzki, came to Poniatowski's bridge, to talk to president Stanisław Wojciechowski. This talk didn't really change anything, so everyone went back to their positions, but then this coup started... accidentally, because one of soldiers (from Government's side) shooted and this coup started. But it could still be called a ,,misunderstanding" (maybe this soldier accidentally shooted, because he forgot he had a bullet in his chocked gun), but as soon as government realized, that it may be a coup (when in 13th May rebeliants captured logistical points, and when in 14th May they got into Warsaw) and in 14th May they surrendered.
2) Even though he disbanded some pollitical parties, that tried to make another coup, and started a program of ,,deradicalisating Poland" (he also disbanded radical parties, like Communist KPP, or Fascist ONR), his rule wasn't really a regime - normal people, not interested in pollitics, didn't really feel any change, only that the government is now finally stable. In every other regime, it's totally different.
Indy, what do You think of "guided democracy"?
#IndyNeidell
dangerous
I love what you guys do. This series is amazing!!! I was wondering if you could make a video or series about the conditions that led up to the American Revolution. There is plenty about the Revolution it's self but nothing about what caused it. The point of the Revolution is the causes that created it.
Thanks a bunch, Chris! Though your idea is interesting, I don't think it will happen any time soon. When B2W ends we want to something that is still 20th century-ish so it helps with the understanding of the World War Two series.
I recommend Mike Duncan's podcasts. His series on the American Revolution is linked below.
www.revolutionspodcast.com/2014/02/index.html
Hmm Pilsudski reminds me of Napoleon I. Brilliant popular military leader takes over unstable new government in a coup, brings about a meritocracy (sort of) as long as you don't oppose them and believes in the founding values of his country (enlightenment/revolutionary ideals for Napoleon, liberal democratic/multicultural values for Pilsudski) but doesn't let them stop them from doing what they want/think is necessary.
Hahaha...Pilsudski was very weak military an thats myth
@@nikodemdyzma9330 Well I was thinking of the miracle on the Vistula. I thought he was the one behind that. At the very least he was a well respected and popular military leader, no? His brilliance may be debatable. I'll have to learn more about his military career.
@@henrimourant9855 Hi. U dont even realise how cheated is his biography! I detected mistakes in this documentary clip:
1.PPS was not "one of two dominate party". Two biggest parties were conservative! National democracy and peasant conservative party PSL Piast. Both catolic and right.60-65%. PPS was ~15-20% and Pilsudski cliqe in PPS was maybe 5-8%.
2.Pilsudski was "anty-russia" s o c j a l i s t and leadership in country was most important for him. Not the polish state but to be nr1.. He was sick on this point. Since Pilsudski discovered that Poles dont like PPS started to claim populistic words that he is not PPS longer (it was lie). And after 1926 he was doing very socialist political line in economy.
3.First polish president shooting in 1922 is big myth created by Pilsudski. Niewiadomski was removed feom ND structures in 1905 because he started support Pilsudski program (blow up russian trains and terror-PPS program against program ND, political saloons work). He was not ND in 1922! Moreover he was close to Pilsudski group since he work in...secret service(II Oddzial Sz.G.) !! Many decent teories claim now that it was part of Pilsudski plot to make coup in 1922 because he never accepted that Piast and ND have50+% while he 5-8%. Moreover there is dozen wird things in Warsaw occured that time. Now we have proofs that Pilsudski tried make coup in 1922 and murder all oposition!!! But we have no proof that killing president to prowoke mob was part of it.
4. Pilsudski was huuuge ego person. Incompetent but he was great politican. He created myth of hero...but it was not easy in conservative country. Despite very low support (below 10%) he was GREAT in skims and plot. In 1926 when first steady majority polish government was voted....he was loosed totally and decided for coup. Huuge support in coup was from Socialists and Kommunists!!! 14.05.1926 KPP officialy supported Pilsudski! Later on Pilsudski cheated and cheated red"s and commies too. In 1926 coup polish Government tried to avoid civil war and let him go. That was FAIL.His dictatorship was descending if industry and army. Dozens of great officers removed like in ZSRR, very incopetent rulling class of his friends (nepotysm, statolatria).
Pilsudski is great MYTH because he decepted history books at government level ...in 30s ordered falsed books and now we have huuge problem in Poland with this! Its hard to make survey or write book without quoting that books and many people just ignore the problem to defend master degree or higher.
5.We trying to enlight true heroes of that time Paderewski,Witos, Korfanty, Dmowski, Musnicki and many more which were removed by jealous Pilsudski. One of the biggest deception is gen Tadeusz Rozwadowski, genius of military(!!!) And true commander of Vistula Victory! Pilsudski 6.08 had broken morale because he was rlweak military and collapsed army in summer 1920. 12.08 Pilsudski written dimission and leav HQ and go to....woman nearby Krakow! When Rozwadowski won...he come back and took back his domision!!! Later on killedvRozwadowski and removed crucial battles (Nasielsk and Lwow) from that defence operations. There is many kore facts...im discovering this as historian.
I can tell U much more im historian in Poland we have huuge problem with this historical deception and some old historians dont accept true because of correctnes and monet. Pilsudski's movement is big money! Left side government like him too.
Pilsudski was secret agent "Stefan" of CK government since 1908 and they supported him as fake leader of polish oposition in WWI becsuse they were so affraid about Poles. They choosed him and supported. He was connected to most strictly authorised HQ plannes of war and Pilsudski was doing socialists uprising at begin of war at west! Polish people didnt support him and his bloody and completly stupid at begin of war uprising. Pilsudski was collaborated with Germany and CK and only because of KNP and Dmowski in Parish rhe Entanta didnt defined Poland as collaborants if loosers.
Military:go directly to point5;)
@@nikodemdyzma9330
1. So, Indy (the guy in the video) didn’t say PPS was “one of two dominant parties” he said Poland was dominated by Endecja, the PPS and the peasant parties. Those were the three major political groups. He was very clear about it. If you don’t believe me just check out 2:36 and listen for yourself. Now maybe because he listed the peasant parties last you thought he was saying they were the smallest, but I think he did that simply because they required more explanation then the other two.
2. This just sounds like your opinion. Like Pilsudski officially left the PPS but whether or not he was lying and was secretly a socialist is a matter of opinion because we can’t read his mind. Also, just because you take many economic ideas from the socialist party doesn’t mean you are a socialist. In my country (the USA) FDR took many of his economic ideas from socialists but isn’t considered a socialist. So, I don’t think Indy (or Timeghost) did anything wrong here.
3. Ok so Indy did say that Eligiusz Niewiadomski was a member of DN but like you said he was expelled in 1905 (technically he was expelled from the National League but that was the precursor to ND). So, Indy was wrong there. But it is very clear that Niewiadomski was rightwing, supported ND, and hated Pilsudski. This is because he literally said himself that he originally wanted to kill Pilsudski because he thought Pilsudski was responsible for making Poland too leftwing. You say that he was a Pilsudski supporter because he and Pilsudski wanted to use violence to get Polish independence while ND didn’t. This doesn’t make sense. Just because two people want to use violence to achieve their goals doesn’t mean they agree on the same goals. Niewiadomski was a nationalist; he wanted Poland for the Poles. Pilsudski wanted to recreate the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, a multicultural country. You also say that since Niewiadomski worked in Polish intelligence then he must have been close to Pilsudski. I looked this up and it turns out that Niewiadomski originally wanted to join the army during the Polish-Soviet war but was turned down due to his age. Therefore, he applied to join Polish intelligence instead, was accepted and ended up working to translate Russian documents into Polish. At the end of the war he managed to convince his superiors to send him to the front lines as a soldier. Shortly after the war he was demobilized. Your argument is weak because the one thing ND and Pilsudski agreed on was that the Bolsheviks should not conquer Poland. So, it makes sense that someone who hates Pilsudski but supports Poland would do what he can to make sure Poland wins (in Niewiadomski’s case that means joining Polish military intelligence). You say that Pilsudski wasn’t happy with the low support he had, but the guy who just became president (Gabriel Narutowicz) supported almost all his policies so this means that Pilsudski had more widespread support then you say. So, to sum up, it seems very unlikely that Niewiadomski was secretly working for Pilsudski and Indy mostly got it right (with the exception that Niewiadomski was technically not a member of ND but it’s clear that he was a supporter so they should have clarified for accuracy’s sake).
4. You say that Pilsudski was very egotistical. That’s probably true, since he saw himself as the founder of Poland and a man of destiny (so he thinks he’s important). According to you he had low support (10%) but how are you getting this number? Were there any polls conducted at the time? Pilsudski made sure to not take political sides during the years leading up to 1926 so he could have gotten support from anyone in any party (except almost certainly ND supporters). I know the socialists and communists supported Pilsudski (at first). Leftwing and liberal people at the time tended to be more supportive of Pilsudski then rightwing people were. But so what? How does that make the video wrong? You also say Pilsudski’s government was “incompetent”. But from what I can tell the economy did pretty well under his rule (with exception of the depression) but this is debatable. And lastly you complain about his propaganda. Again, so? How does that make the video wrong? (also, Napoleon did use a lot of propaganda as well)
5. So, you say that Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski was the one that came up with the plan. This was commonly believed but has been shown by historians to be false (at least according to the book General Weygand and the Battle of the Vistula, 1920). Rozwadowski came up with a plan but the plan that was used was Pilsudski’s plan. As for his losing up until that point… everyone makes mistakes at some point (Napoleon had Waterloo, for example). You say Pilsudski wanted to resign but I don’t see why this means he’s bad, a lot of people were blaming him for losing the war up until that point so he thought maybe he should resign to restore confidence in the government but the prime minister said no and he was able to pull off a stunning victory.
Yes, Pilsudski was working for the Germans and Austro-Hungarians and fought for them during WW1 against the Russian empire. But later he was imprisoned by them because he refused to have his soldiers swear loyalty to them. So, I wouldn’t exactly call him a collaborator. Also, even if he was a collaborator for the Germans, so what? It's not a crime to collaborate with a foreign country if your own country doesn't even exist yet. I’m not sure what the CK government is so I can’t really comment on him being a secret agent for them.
So, to sum up I was just comparing him to Napoleon. This doesn’t mean I think he is a good person I just think he’s complicated, kinda like Napoleon. You don’t have to like Pilsudski but you seem to be letting your dislike of the man cloud your view of history making you believe things that don’t seem to be backed by much evidence (at least from what I can tell) especially when it comes to the assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz.
Thank you for doing my homework
Glad we could help!
@@akf.m.w.2438 The Struggles for Poland [1986] - You Tube
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A History of Poland in the Twentieth Century.
Episode 1: 1900 - 1923