Clockwork
Clockwork
  • 16
  • 902 243
The Incredible Biology Powering Autumn Colors|Leaf Senescence
To try everything Brilliant has to offer-free-for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org/Clockwork/ You’ll also get 20% off an annual premium subscription.
🍂 You've probably learned why leaves change color and drop from trees in the fall. But what actually causes these color changes? This is the single grandest and most visible moment of PURE BIOCHEMISTRY we get in this life on Earth. If you examine the chemical details here, you'll find a dramatic race against time. So let's explore why trees drop their leaves. We just need to make sure we don't get caught by the monster that secretly lurks in the foundations of photosynthesis.
🤝 This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/clockworkshow
💌 One great way you can also help out the channel is by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork
📚 Primary Sources Cited:
Updated molecular details of leaf senescence:
Guo, Y., Ren, G., Zhang, K. et al. Leaf senescence: progression, regulation, and application. Mol Horticulture 1, 5 (2021). doi.org/10.1186/s43897-021-00006-9
A focused timetable on how senescence progresses in one tree species:
Keskitalo J, Bergquist G, Gardeström P, Jansson S. A cellular timetable of autumn senescence. Plant Physiol. 2005 Dec;139(4):1635-48. doi: 10.1104/pp.105.066845. Epub 2005 Nov 18. PMID: 16299183; PMCID: PMC1310548.
🧬 Primary Structures Cited:
Photosystem ii from a Norway Spruce:
www.rcsb.org/structure/8C29
🌻 Join this channel to get access to perks:
ua-cam.com/channels/IZa-t5ctYtAn6BruNTxxwQ.htmljoin
🔧 Sponsorship note:
This video was sponsored by Brilliant.
Переглядів: 71 402

Відео

Where the Light Touches Your Eyes|Phototransduction and Rhodopsin
Переглядів 75 тис.2 місяці тому
Support the channel by visiting our partners at The Curiosity Box: bit.ly/CBClockwork This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/clockworkshow 👀 Your visual system is astounding down at the molecular level-because the photoreceptor cells in your retina maintain an incredible balance of proteins that allows for an incredible visual range. Let’s meet r...
Your Unstoppable Copy Machine|DNA Replication
Переглядів 100 тис.4 місяці тому
This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/clockworkshow DNA Replication is the molecular ground floor of life on Earth. Let's explore your Replisome an incredible complex of molecular workers that fully copy your genome every time your cells divide. Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork Clockwork is produced using real...
The Incredible Mechanics That Make You Hear
Переглядів 61 тис.3 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork How does sound actually get inside your head? How can little vibrations in the air turn into nerve impulses? Let's meet the 100 nanometers of protein that connect you to sound Sources are cited in this ever-growing Twitter thread: bit.ly/cadherin This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.patre...
How Plants Turned Air Into Civilization |The Calvin Cycle
Переглядів 28 тис.3 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork The Calvin Cycle is how we transform carbon dioxide into well everything. By making carbon biologically useful, our biosphere has managed to transform CO2, Sunlight and water into basically the entire world around you. Does that sound hyperbolic? Watch to find out just how much of an understatement that really is. This channel...
This Protein Hugs Ice Crystals to Death
Переглядів 31 тис.3 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork Join Biocord here: discord.gg/kwsVbfC If liquid water is an absolute requirement for life how on earth does ANYTHING survive in Earth's polar regions? What should be a frozen wasteland is a thriving ecosystem. Let's look at ice structuring proteins and discover how they literally bind to ice crystals as they form giving the sm...
The Most Underrated Chemical Process on Earth|Nitrogen Fixing
Переглядів 75 тис.3 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork Why aren't more people talking about how cool Nitrogen is? Almost every single compound that makes you requires Nitrogen. And without organisms that take in nitrogen from our atmosphere and make it useful all the complexity of life on earth wouldn't be possible. Let's take a look at the nitrogenase enzyme and discover how it b...
The 7,800 RPM Motor that Powers Everything You Do|ATP Synthase
Переглядів 221 тис.4 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork ATP Synthase is one of the most important and fundamental machines that gives life it's incredible powers. Looking at it from the chemical level will give you even more respect for just how much work it takes for you to even read these words right now. Sources are cited in this ever-growing Twitter thread: bit.ly/synthasesourc...
What turns sunlight into chemical energy?
Переглядів 26 тис.4 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork So, we know that plants use sunlight to make food. That’s kind of one of the most important facts in our ecosystem. Plants and photosynthetic bacteria form the bedrock of our food chain and are one of the most important forces making Earth a habitable planet. But how do we transition from solar energy to chemical energy? How e...
So, what's the deal with phosphine?
Переглядів 11 тис.4 роки тому
This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/clockworkshow By now you've heard about the detection of phosphine on Venus, and how this may indicate there is life in the upper clouds of the Venusian atmosphere. But what *IS* phosphine? What kind of life on earth produces this gas and what kind of life would make it in the extremely acidic clouds of our ...
WAY More than a Powerhouse: The Incredible Roles Mitochondria Play
Переглядів 23 тис.4 роки тому
We all know Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell. But is that ALL they do? This video provides a really broad introduction to the incredibly mutlifacted roles mitochondria play in everyday cell life. A review video like this will gloss over lots of important details though. Corrections, clarifications and sources are here: bit.ly/clockworkep5 Fact checking for this episode was generously...
Why Do You Lose DNA Every Time Your Cells Divide?
Переглядів 31 тис.4 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork How does your DNA contribute to aging? This video provides a really broad introduction to the end replication problem, telomeres and senescence. but can't hit all the important details. Corrections, clarifications and sources are here: bit.ly/clockworkep4 Fact-checking for this episode was generously donated by the BRILLIANT @...
This Chemical Steals Sunlight to Power All Life on Earth: Photosystem II
Переглядів 49 тис.4 роки тому
Photosynthesis is an immense, mind-blowing process. This video covers the complex that starts it off: Photosystem II. This video provides a solid introduction to photosystem II and photosynthesis, but can't hit all the important details. Corrections, clarifications and sources are here: bit.ly/clockworkep3 Sources are cited in this ever-growing twitter thread: bit.ly/psiisources This channel is...
How Does Fluoride Change Your Teeth?
Переглядів 68 тис.4 роки тому
Support the channel by joining our newsletter: bit.ly/watchclockwork Let's talk about how fluoride ions straight-up change the chemistry of your teeth. This video provides a solid introduction to this topic, but can't hit all the important details. Corrections, clarifications and sources are here: bit.ly/clockworkep2 This channel is created with the support of all our patrons on Patreon: www.pa...
The Gorgeous Symmetry in Your Blood Chemistry
Переглядів 25 тис.4 роки тому
The Gorgeous Symmetry in Your Blood Chemistry

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @brianbuch1
    @brianbuch1 День тому

    Late to the party, but for a very interesting take on the mutual creation life/world, you can't do better than "The Biosphere" by Vladimir Vernadsky

  • @aadyakalia9122
    @aadyakalia9122 День тому

    "Drastically oversimplifying several evolutionary theories with a chart" 🤣🤣

  • @kevin_horticulture
    @kevin_horticulture 3 дні тому

    I've been in horticulture for a few years, and I think this is the first time I've heard someone other tham myself describe these plant processes as intelligence. People think plants are simple and dumb, but their evolutionary quirks aren't any less extraordinary to me-they do *very* smart things to survive.

  • @Ifinishedyoutube
    @Ifinishedyoutube 3 дні тому

    They found a new form of life inside of humans. They called it an obelisk. Here, we describe the “Obelisks,” a previously unrecognised class of viroid-like elements that we first identified in human gut metatranscriptomic data. “Obelisks” share several properties: (i) apparently circular RNA ~1kb genome assemblies, (ii) predicted rod-like secondary structures encompassing the entire genome, and (iii) open reading frames coding for a novel protein superfamily, which we call the “Oblins”. We find that Obelisks form their own distinct phylogenetic group with no detectable sequence or structural similarity to known biological agents. Further, Obelisks are prevalent in tested human microbiome metatranscriptomes with representatives detected in ~7% of analysed stool metatranscriptomes (29/440) and in ~50% of analysed oral metatranscriptomes (17/32). Obelisk compositions appear to differ between the anatomic sites and are capable of persisting in individuals, with continued presence over >300 days observed in one case. Large scale searches identified 29,959 Obelisks (clustered at 90% nucleotide identity), with examples from all seven continents and in diverse ecological niches. From this search, a subset of Obelisks are identified to code for Obelisk-specific variants of the hammerhead type-III self-cleaving ribozyme. Lastly, we identified one case of a bacterial species (Streptococcus sanguinis) in which a subset of defined laboratory strains harboured a specific Obelisk RNA population. As such, Obelisks comprise a class of diverse RNAs that have colonised, and gone unnoticed in, human, and global microbiomes.

  • @宝宝-n8q
    @宝宝-n8q 3 дні тому

    Thanks, Merry Christmas all

  • @JimStanfield-zo2pz
    @JimStanfield-zo2pz 5 днів тому

    I just dont like this guys voice

  • @teresakay2920
    @teresakay2920 5 днів тому

    Finally found a channel that is a sugar rush to my brain food. My 70 year old brain does not like days that it is not feed knowledge.

  • @wallaceOne5900
    @wallaceOne5900 5 днів тому

    His mention of Lehninger's biochemistry chaprer 12 really cracked me up.😂

  • @EatTheRichAndTheState
    @EatTheRichAndTheState 5 днів тому

    By the way, is there a chance we get a video about the diferent types of photosynthesis, i am trying other videos but with so many arrows and names they are hard to internalize unlike yours

  • @EatTheRichAndTheState
    @EatTheRichAndTheState 5 днів тому

    So if i am pumped up of antioxidants like purple kind of pumped, would i survive radiation?

  • @EatTheRichAndTheState
    @EatTheRichAndTheState 6 днів тому

    Don't know about god but yeah, love entropy machines and how they make us

  • @ericchristen2623
    @ericchristen2623 8 днів тому

    Science is about 5 million times less interesting than nature experienced.

  • @BartdeBoisblanc
    @BartdeBoisblanc 12 днів тому

    You may have answered this somewhere but does chlorophill in plants serve the same purpose as ATP in mamals?

  • @saeedranjbar2979
    @saeedranjbar2979 13 днів тому

  • @0xoRial
    @0xoRial 14 днів тому

    This channel is like 100x undersubscribed!!!!

  • @richardhunt4576
    @richardhunt4576 15 днів тому

    When I say to people we are related to the blades of grass that we're walking on, they look at me kinda' funny.

  • @DanteGabriel-lx9bq
    @DanteGabriel-lx9bq 16 днів тому

    Sperm cells and hair follicles have telomerase genes active, and they're not cancer. Fact is, if cencer cells that have defetcs happen to unlock a way to themselves, get Telomerase. It's the cancer who gets immortality, not immortal cells, which become cancer. If the cells that express Telomerase are controlled (p53 ect...) they won't become cancer. The real challenge is that eventually, they will. Not always and necessarly, but it's inevitable, it's too hard to keep trillions of cells to cross the cancer line while enjoying Telomerase.

  • @felpshehe
    @felpshehe 16 днів тому

    CLOCKWORK POSTED LETS GOOOO

  • @danishawp32
    @danishawp32 16 днів тому

    Great video 🎉 Your explanation is better than any of my teacher 😅

  • @cockatoo010
    @cockatoo010 16 днів тому

    10:26 This is a 2-3 hour long lecture that you delivered in 15 minutes. i' think you've done alright in the "keeping it concise" department

  • @Warninn
    @Warninn 17 днів тому

    I dont understand how you get so little recognition this world is not fair

    • @Clockworkbio
      @Clockworkbio 17 днів тому

      Recognition has effectively 5x'd since January! A channel like this takes time to ramp up, and I'm already in a position where I can pay a good chunk of my bills off of this work alone! Come back to this comment in 12 months and tell me the world isn't fair. All we can be is on the path.

  • @zyansheep
    @zyansheep 18 днів тому

    come on YT algo, its been a month! this video needs a million views....

  • @Acecool444
    @Acecool444 19 днів тому

    ground floooour. everything you saaaeeey. (((((((CRINGE)))))))

  • @conniecady8960
    @conniecady8960 19 днів тому

    Love this. Thank you so much.

  • @friendeleven5711
    @friendeleven5711 19 днів тому

    Now answer why some coniferous trees like pine dont do this.

  • @Purva_._
    @Purva_._ 21 день тому

    This video is what I needed right now, Loved it 🥰by the way, you have done a very good job on this, really great work. I don't know if I can actually express how these videos can affect one who is in love with sciences and these tiny reasons. This video reminded me why I ever wanted to become a researcher in the first place. And man, the zest in your voice!!! It shows your interest and eagerness to share the information, which matched with my desire to listen. Simply amazing work!!

  • @AchiorJacobs
    @AchiorJacobs 21 день тому

    I like both the shorter and the longer videos. Whatever works for you, man-appreciate it all!

  • @noelbreitenbach8673
    @noelbreitenbach8673 22 дні тому

    This is great, wonderful and also fantastic content

  • @wallrider4194
    @wallrider4194 23 дні тому

    10:52 DNA Polymerase Delta: the lone wolf DNA replicator.

  • @mwhito3o292
    @mwhito3o292 23 дні тому

    how did you manage to model all of these complicated compounds?

    • @Clockworkbio
      @Clockworkbio 23 дні тому

      A brilliant molecular biologist programmed an open-source Blender Addon called Molecular Nodes that allows folks like me to render scientifically accurate 3d protein structures without completely nukinh my GPU. All proteins here are from the Protein Data Bank and organic compounds are downloaded from PubChem. It's a great time to learn structural biology or computational bio!

  • @artmakersworlds
    @artmakersworlds 23 дні тому

    I DETEST embedded commercials. Im OUT.

  • @suikarbus
    @suikarbus 24 дні тому

    Very intresting, I have noticed that leaves transform from green to brown faster than they used in the past. At least where I live. Usually it happens not exactly after a cold spell but after heavy, damp autumn rainfall. I hope in this way the trees manage to pack all the nutrients in time

  • @barbarosasmth2104
    @barbarosasmth2104 25 днів тому

    Why do we even need to injest flouride? Why not jist rinse with it.

    • @fubar4fpv
      @fubar4fpv 11 днів тому

      u don't and shouldn't

  • @DaveE99
    @DaveE99 25 днів тому

    Can I eat these leaves to get more anthrocyanis then?

  • @dalwinwilliams1449
    @dalwinwilliams1449 26 днів тому

    A very Dramatic commentary The trees have evolved and do this naturally the earth and sun also assist.

  • @johnburbank9125
    @johnburbank9125 27 днів тому

    You are a fantastic teacher… thank you for all your hard work… these videos are outstanding (:

  • @johnburbank9125
    @johnburbank9125 27 днів тому

    Outstanding….. You’ve just expanded my mind to its limits ….. Connect this video with the mystery of photosynthesis …….Nature is a wonder ….

  • @UltraSlayerX
    @UltraSlayerX 27 днів тому

    The school system failed to educate me properly, but you have succeeded. Thank you so much my dear friend

  • @johnburbank9125
    @johnburbank9125 27 днів тому

    Awesome fascinating video !!! You’re a great teacher…. Keep these coming I love your work (:

  • @theyoten1613
    @theyoten1613 28 днів тому

    So cool! The boundary of biology and chemisty.

  • @shaunmcinnis566
    @shaunmcinnis566 28 днів тому

    Fantastic video and I love the visuals. I know there is still much to learn, but the biggest question that still blows my mind is, if RNA/DNA contain the building blocks, blueprints and software to build life and also correct mistakes, where did the instructions to build DNA come from? I find It like saying computers and complex software are built in a factory but the factory itself just randomly appeared without instruction. Did order just begin at the DNA stage? impossible IMO.

  • @CoffeenSpice
    @CoffeenSpice 29 днів тому

    Photoperiod ehm ehm weed ehm 😂

  • @UI_3939
    @UI_3939 29 днів тому

    Great video! Really enjoyed it. I have to disagree with your point at 0:31 though, there's far more than just a few microbes living off chemosynthesis - there are whole ecosystems in the ocean thriving off of deep sea vents, harnessing the energy of the earth's core & never using sunlight. These include arthropods, giant tubeworms, vertebrates and many other weird & wonderful beings. Indeed, many think that deep sea vents are where life started, back before life on the surface was even possible. Fascinating stuff! 😊

  • @maxstirner4197
    @maxstirner4197 29 днів тому

    You can also get hydroxyapatite toothpaste which will do this better

  • @bluewaterdoggy
    @bluewaterdoggy Місяць тому

    Hi. You mentioned there's lots of great life sciences and chemistry writing coming out lately. Can you share some good chemistry ones?

  • @ramanShariati
    @ramanShariati Місяць тому

    YOU ARE A LEGEND

  • @eilonj
    @eilonj Місяць тому

    Interesting, however to quick to digest

  • @Rungus27
    @Rungus27 Місяць тому

    this was one of the best science videos I've ever seen. Awesome work!