Hello. Writer and researcher of the video here. Hope you liked our overview of different religious movements of western Europe in the lower middle ages. Of course we couldn’t go into detail of them as this video is meant as an overview touching on elements that the heresies/movements have in common. Sources used: -The Western Church in the Middle Ages, John A F Thomson -Religion in the Medieval West, Bernard Hamilton -Religious Controversy in Europe, 1378-1536 Van Dussen & Soukup -Medieval heresy : popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation, Malcolm Lambert -The Peace of God: Social Violence and Religious Response in France around the Year 1000; Edited by Thomas Head and Richard Landes -The Worlds of Medieval Europe, Clifford R. Backman
Thanks for a great video and I'm looking forward to more! It would be interesting to explore the impact of social and theological events on motivations for reform, for example did the failure of Jesus' 'Second Coming' to manifest at different times (like in the year 1000) cause a disillusionment with Catholicism, or the impact of the Black Death on society and people's beliefs. Its a difficult topic probably with few sources, but might be an interesting area of research for this series
@@Landerdidthat Lambert’s book has a chapter at least on the Valdesian which was well written. If you are asking for information on today’s Valdesian’s I unfortunately don’t have much info on them
@@paulc1497 The impact of the black death definitely would be an interesting topic. The scare of the year 1000 is something I have not found many sources, and I personally suspect it’s importance has been increased by later writers
I appreciate the effort put into this but my understanding is that the segment concerning the Cathars is now considered outdated, and that they probably weren't so influenced by eastern sects like the Bogomils and probably didn't have a dualist view of the world. They also weren't as well organized as often suggested, a lot of these notions came from their enemies in the mainstream church who, over the decades, added ever more grand accusations and proclamations about Cathar beliefs and behaviours, slowly turning them into an evil conspiracy when in reality it was probably more of a series of eccentric local beliefs and customs in Southern France, especially concerning the ability of laity to reach a level of spiritual authority comparable or greater than that of the official church members. As far as I understand, the Cathar didn't even call themselves Cathars, and the name came to be applied to them by mainstream catholic writers who supported their destruction who based the name on ancient heresies that they had read about in an attempt to draw a line between the Cathars and much older heresies that was probably entirely fictional. This is also where their associations with the likes of Manicheans comes from too.
Religion has always been a major influence on the development of human civilization from the very beginning. Kings and generals has done a great service to all of us with documentaries like this and others to show the impact that it has had on our global history. From the earliest time to the present. Thank you so much.
Such a good work! It would be so cool to go deep in the theological differences between these heresies in a future video, especially in the firts heretic movements (what was the difference between the monophysits, the monothelits and the monoenergists? How these heresies began to be conceived starting from a platonic or aristotelic view of the World?)
I've always been curious why the early Church took such seemingly trivial theological differences so seriously. I'm tempted to believe that it was, consciously or not, a front for power politics. Did anyone besides the higher clergy even understand the theological differences between, say, the Miaphysites and Chalcedonians, let alone care?
Also, I just read about how the Cumans who settled in Hungary (Greater Cumania) eventually converted to Calvinist Protestantism. I would love to see a video about the forgotten Turkic Protestants.
to me it seems that Catholicism and the Orthodox church were different flavours of the same thing as they had a similar political structure (top down with single leader). Protestantism however shook the foundations of both the faith itself and the way it was organized.
@@daarom3472 very good analysis. Notice how often times those who controlled the organizations of Christianity often quelled "rebellious" attitudes whenever it started to jeopardize the status quo.
@@daarom3472 the orthodox structure is not that similar to Catholicism It's much more regionalised and autonomous, and has no central, ruling elite with the same power as the pope
@@TetsuShima you've said it yourself. Their shared goal for consolidating power through the lore of Christianity and the image of the Christ. For some humans, everlasting greed and lust for sex (priests also have sex behind closed doors) are necessary for their survival, so be it.
@@daarom3472 the eastern Orthodoxy church is much more decentralized, there is no “supreme pontiff” and no central governing authority.The metropolitan primates who enjoy autocephalous status are not subordinate to the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople, their considered peers and equals. Bartholomew I of Constantinople is more like a head franchiser and elder spokesperson for the religion. What the Eastern Orthodox share in common with the Catholic Church is they both consider the ancient church canon and sacred tradition to be equal in authority to the bible, because it was the church guided by Holy Spirit that authenticated and authorized the biblical canon.
kings and generals always teach good history things. one of the best ever history channels ever. love ya all. a huge fan of you from sri lanka. protestant movement i think start by martin luther by his ninety five thesee. one of the best things ever.
A great video! I love to see a nuanced view of the Middle Ages being popularized. Speaking about the Council of Constance, you could probably make a whole video just about it, including a look at the two members of the Polish delegation (who defended Jan Hus): Stanisław of Skarbimierz and Paweł Włodkowic (known in Latin as Paulus Vladimiri). The two had some interesting, ahead-of-their-time ideas.
The relative tolerance existing in Poland-Lithuania is a very interesting abberation in an age of growing absolutism and religious strife. A shame what happened under the Prussians and later Soviets would erase much of what had been built over centuries.
A very important and necessary knowledge to understand why early and late medieval wars were so varied. I look forward to the continuation. Thanks for now.
I find the slow conversion of the Teutonic order to Prussia to be an interesting topic considering their original purpose and the impact on the native Prussian Lithuanians who also eventually became Protestant and made the region a center of Lithuanian literature/culture.
A very fine overview, congratulations! Back when I was in college, I had made a special study of the Waldensians, so was glad to see them mentioned here (I also noticed, though I didn't enter, the Waldensian church in the center of Rome). A small Waldensian community emigrated to North Carolina, in the US, though this was long after they had essentially merged with the Calvinists in Italy and France. There's a town called Valdese in NC that is their epicenter there.
Yes!!! This is awesome!!! Hope you can have a full series of these videos!!! It was very well balance, lots of information without deviating from the main topic, the maps were so accurate, the flow of the script was very fluid, and the conclusion leave you want it to watch more. A big congratulation all the team that made this possible, keep with the good work, and looking forward for more! 💪
Everything starts from a previous attempt, minus the 1st one, which is usually always unsuccessful. But people have the ability to learn from mistakes.
Martin Luther was greatly assisted by the printing press. Before the printing press it was much harder to mass produce anything or make anything go viral.
This was very interesting. I didn't know this history. Thank you so much. I learn so much from you all. My family had a religious war. Protestant Uncle married a Catholic girl. I wasn't even born yet, but I heard about it. The sh*t hit the fan. Wow! Arigatou gozaimasu Sensei. Deep bow of respect.
@@KingsandGenerals The protestant heretics DID NOT reform anything but caused evil revolution. The ACTUAL reformers were Catholics within the Catholic church who reformed misabuses to catholic truth by those not properly following it.
The Huguenots/Acadians and the French Wars of Religion are an amazingly interesting topic as well... lots of content that often gets overlooked, lots of really amazing people and some truly horrifically awful people.
Most Acadians were pious catholics. You had to be a good well behaved catholic to be allowed to move to Acadia or Quebec. Huguenots were forbidden to do so. They had tried to settled in South Carolina/Florida and Rio de Janeiro but were unsuccessful before the laws changed and they were forced to migrate either to the 13 colonies or other European states like the Netherlands or Prusia.
@@Alejojojo6 I'm not sure who told you this, but it's not accurate. My ancestors arrived in Port Royal in the 1680s-1700s; they came from La Rochelle, Louden (Aquitaine) and Rouen (Normandy) primarily, and many had fled to Amsterdam, Liden and Kent before that to flee Catholic persecution. For 150 years they lived in peace in Acadia, making treaties with the Mi'kmaq and other local Algonquin-speaking peoples, until Le Grand Dérangement killed 2/3rds of our people; I have direct grand-parents who died on the ships that were denied entry into Virginia as they headed down to Louisiana and the swamps. ("Fun" fact - in the 1930s Huey Long, renowned P.o.S. of Lousiana, built highways through Acadian ("Cajun" - a slur) lands and forced them to become "Americans" - change our names to English, give up speaking French, adopt Roman Catholicism. Even in America we faced persecution and have almost been completely assimilated at this point.) I can assure you, Huguenots were very much a part of Acadian history - and the fact that their history continues to be so misrepresented and erased is exactly why I would love to see a major channel like this cover it; they already covered the Catholic war on Protestantism & humanism (not linked, just both attacked at the same time) in France, so it would be a logical conclusion to it.
Love these videos about religion (especially within the Western and Eastern Roman Empire) and how detailed they are. Keep up the good work Kings and Generals!
This is awesome and I've been trying to find videos on the 40 years war about the Protestant/Catholic split. This so far has been the closest I could find. Please keep it up!
Loved the video, very informative. Could you please make a video about Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther King in this series because in UA-cam wherever we've searched there's no such simple explanation like yours.
@@RJ-bq5mr John 10:27-23 27 My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me. 28 I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand. The word of the living God is infallible.
Jan Hus was a temerous lunatic who directly attacked legitimate spiritual and temporal authorities, which inevitably led to a fierce and bloody civil war in Europe - a war from which our societies are still suffering to this day.
Awesome stuff. Our people left Sandwich, England in1635 on the HMS Hercules for both religious and political reasons and landed at Plymouth. Yup we fought in the Revaluation and every US war since, we lost 7 (Union) in the US Civil War, Yankee blue bellies, with much respect to the Rebs and their Stars and Bars. Great to get some historical input of our 180ish million Protestants in the US, with total respect for our brothers and sisters in Catholic, Jewish and other religious groups.
you mean like: c.539 Mazdaism (aka Magi) Persian King Cyrus the great conquers Pagan Babylon, soon after decrees conquered people (including Hebrews) will rebuild their temples. c.550-522 BC Persian Achaemenid Empire has pre-Zoroastrian Mazdaism as official religion, until the Magian priest Gaumata rebellion vs king Cambyses II - Cambyses II died, then cousin heir king Darius recovers empire and in 522--330 BC Persian Achaemenid Empire becomes officially Zoroastrian religion instead. Original Mazdaism(Magianism) with the Magi priests fall out of power, although still around. Persian Empire from Egypt to central Asia estimated contains about 45% of all humanity (45 million of 100 million Earth Pop!) at the time.
@@thecriticalnouswhat is there to be proud about being Orthodox? The church that believes you can pray to Mary (yes Orthodox heretics believe they can communicate with Mary as an intercessor between God and man no matter how they word it).
Why (if the Bible is sufficient apart from Holy Tradition) can a Baptist, a Pentecostal, a Jehovah's Witness, a Presbyterian ,a Calvinist and a Methodist all claim to believe what the Bible says and yet no two of them agree what it is that the Bible says?
@@thecriticalnous Protestants don’t claim that all other Protestant sects are true or correct. That question is in no way a valid defense of papism or orthodoxy. Here’s a better question, how is it the one true infallible church if your doctrines of today look completely alien to the doctrines of the catholic church in say, the early middle ages?
This was fascinating! I very much enjoyed hearing about some of these early movements within and outside of Complication. I would be very interested to hear more about Christianity's early spread eastward into Persia, India, China, etc. too if you guys ever get the chance. Regardless, thank you very much for another excellent episode! God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)
I'm from Constance and the council of Constance from 1414-1418 and Jan Hus's execution are a pretty big topic in my cities history. The building(s) where the council tool place is/are still intact and a popular tourist attraction as well as the monastery where Jan Hus was detained during his trial (although it's not a monastery anymore). The council of Constance actually primarily served to end the period of multiple competing popes and ended up with the election of a new, single pope to lead the Catholic church. From what I've learned/heard in local stories, Jan Hus came to Constance only after the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and the other council members promised him free passage (and guarantees). But when he arrived he was instead imprisoned, trialed and burnt at the stake. There are still a number of Museums, streets and plazas/areas named after Jan Hus today and you sometimes see a memorial plate/inscription at different places in the old city and surrounding areas.
The problem with discussing religon, in particular, is that all the sources are biased in their own way, to a greater or lesser extent. The key is to try to interpret them with an open mind. Though doing this does have the tendency for you to be considered heretical as this will likely be contrary to the accepted doctrine. Heresy tends is condemned because of its social & political ramifications. Something which is explicitly mentioned in this video. One thing I love about the guys at Kings & Generals is that they do try to be as unbiased as possible. Keep it up!
Intetesting thing is that offspring of Peter Payne, english scholar who brought Wikliffes teachings to Prague, still live here, two families descended from him. Paynové (Payne family) and Engliš (he was called mister English while in Bohenia)
I am sorry but I needed to ask this. Will the proto-Protestant movements be featured in the video about alternate history on the "other" channel as well? I think the reactions of the Cathars and the Waldesians to the Sack of Rome by the "nomadic invaders who are the exception to all rules" are important here. Also, how much chance these proto-Protestant movements have the chances of accomplishing their endgames?
@@futureisyours3016 If I remembered correctly, their main goals most likely might be reforming the Church from within or break away from it. I really do not know because I forgot about it already. I am sorry.
@@lerneanlion well, I'll give some stuff to read on. Lead u a bit down the rabbit hole. Albert Pike, Freemasonry,(free bespoke)religion, Zelensky, rise of Turkey, open society, free immigrants in Europe, Italy facing immigrants. Failure of Crusades, Shriners. In one word...... I.L.M
I think the general belief by most Christians is that the early church was a single, unified entity that morphed into the Roman catholic church & only began to fragment during the Renaissance. But there never really was a single, uniform Christianity.
Man! It's amazing how shallow and terrible spiritual illumination was throughout these centuries. Sad also to know that some have survived till this day. But this was an awesome presentation!! As a Christian and a "touch and go" student of church history, I am eternally grateful for this!!
Shoutout to the Reformers who doctored the Church from the inside: The badass St Catherine of Siena St Francis of Asissi (Franciscans were interestingly the successful variant of Waldensians) St Bonaventure Etc Also, traditional Franciscans actually still survived called Capuchins and were not deemed as heretics thanks to the defense of St Bonaventure.
It should be noted that even within Catholicism - pre Ultramontanism - monarchs had a greater role on issues like appointing bishops than now. That might have made the Establishment of national Protestant churches seem less of a change than it seems now.
I am slowly finding the absolute disastrous state of the world along with the endless political revolution that scarred the 16th and 17th century eerily similar to our modern conditions and cannot get enough history about this late medieval/early modern period these days, probably out of need to cope with all that’s going wrong these days. To be honest it is both disturbing but also strangely hopeful to see all this horrific endless violence actually resulting in real political change and not just utter apocalypse, maybe there is really hope in all this decay.
I've always been a bit confused about exactly how Buddhism got to Japan. It seems like everything about Japan does really well on UA-cam so maybe you guys would be interested in covering that
I've had some interest in non-czech hussitism for a while now as it's often discussed in terms retroactively projecting nationalism onto the topic, while it would've absolutely made sense that much like other forms of protestantism, there would've been non-czech Hussites given time & area. Since this has also been mentioned in this video, what is some good literature going into non-czech local Bohemian perspectives on Hussitism?
So happy that th Dominican and Fransiscan orders were mentioned! I studied about them when working at a museum that opened up inside the Dominican cloister in Malta. Fascinating stories, and we have a lot to thank them for, for documenting what they could!
@kingsandgenerals, thank You for that episode and all the good work! At the same time, allow me to utter two points of criticism: 1) You have called all the heresies ,early protestant'; yet a) these are very different groups and b) it is very difficult to call anything ,pre-protestant' before Wiclyffe, the Peasants Revolt in England or Jan Hus. 2) the heretic groups are here - as traditonally - portrayed as ascetic holy men and victims of the Catholic Church. Well, it is not that simple; let us take the Cathars in the south of France: they have been well known for their violent action against catholic clergy and monasteries (one of the reasons, why the crusades against them happened). On another level they are said to have been huge fans of abortion (including forced abortions) and suicides (yes ... Including forcing their believers to commit suicide sometimes) , which lay in their doctrin (in short: everything that is of this world is evil and must be destroyed).
You are doing excellent work. Try not to beat yourself up about those who don't want to view evidence about the h people's socialism. You have opened my eyes about Germany from the 1900s to 1945.
Thanks so much. I am a stroke survivor. ( I lived) my Father is a Lutheran Minister. Despite having ibeen well trained, it is great to review. Everything I remember, helps my confidence. SIN BOLDLY!( Luther)
Kings and Generals is eventually going to have to make a video called "What is Christianity?" for people who were raised so secular that they legitimately don't know.
Great video, but I would dig a little deeper on the so called "cathars". Recent scholarship suggests they were not gnostic dualists with a old eastern tradition. They were more likely just seen as backward and in the way of a quickly changing papacy. They were certainly heretical by a Catholic standard but not in the way the are portrayed. I recommend "The Rest is History Podcast" episodes on the "Cathars".
As a Protestant myself and raised by German parents I believe in the one way connection to gos above and our lord Jesus the Catholic ways we’re evil and to pay your way to god is inconceivable. To this day I am a loyal follower of the Lutheran faith and will remain to the day I die.
@@Myavepea in your previous video Which was Muslim expansion in India u show hand emoji in telling JAT... So i mean to say plez don't bring Cast If u converted to Christianity in our faith we don't have any JAT or Rajput or any cast so plez don't bring it..
Nope you're wrong. Plenty of monastic orders who worked against Church corruption and lived in ascetic conditions were never deemed heretical. Being against corruption and for asceticism isn't and was never ground for being schismatic, as evident from the plethora of saints who held these convictions.
@@remilenoir1271 in some places yeah and others no, but what is certain is that catholics murdered hundreds of thousands of people for being part of movements that resulted from catholic corruption. What jesus would've wanted right?
@Sayuas The catholic Church has never, ever, in History, murdered hundreds of thousands of people or ordered such a thing to happen. So unless you have something to back up that claim there is no need to go any further with that conversation. What Jesus would've wanted doesn't really matter. Mankind is still mankind, with all its sin, contradictions and pettiness. As terrible as it is you can't except people not to indulge in violence on a political level just because the Bible said so. Especially when the issues at hand are politic issues as much, if not more, as they are religious (which was the case for cathars, hugenots, and protestants). Jesus coming didn't cure the world of sin, it only allowed those willing to not indulge in sin to be able to reconcile with God and enter paradise.
Bit disappointed to see the bit about the cathars being the outdated retelling presented with absolute certainty without an asterisk mentioning the debates in historian circles that’s been raging the last 20 years.
I wonder what prior sects influenced the Shakers and Quakers? The Quakers devotion to all people being equal is a foundational principle of the United States. David Hackett Fischer describes it well in his book - The Seeds Of Albion. One of the best history books I have ever read (and I read many.)
Summary 0:05: 📜 프로테스탄트 개혁과 유럽 역사에 미치는 영향, 종교와 정치 간의 교차점에 대한 내용입니다. 2:55: 🕊 기독교에서 이단과 종교 개혁의 역사. 5:46: ⛪ 이 비디오는 11 ~ 12세기 교회 내의 운동과 개혁, 그리고 이단과 그레고리오 개혁에 대해 논의합니다. 8:30: 📜 중세 유럽에서 신종 종교 운동의 등장, 왈덴세인과 가타르파르를 포함하며, 그들이 사회와 교회에 미친 영향. 11:21: ⛪ 가타리주의의 성장과 몰락, 그리고 가톨릭 교회의 대응. 14:13: 🔥 기독교에서 이단 운동의 급부상, 포함하여 프라티첼리 이단, 롤라디, 야니 후스의 이념, 그리고 유럽 사회에 미치는 영향. 16:59: 🕊 이 비디오는 얀 후스의 죽음이 후사 전쟁에 미친 영향과 다양한 종교 운동이 개신교 개혁에 미친 영향에 대해 논의합니다. Recapped using Tammy AI
That happened centuries earlier, there were Buddhist and Hindu missionaries in the Roman Empire, there were also Jews in Persia, south India and even into China! There was the Christian Assyrian Church of the East from Persia into India and into China, even evidence of Japan by 800s. Folks got around!
Have we told you lately how much we love your videos? This is such an incredibly in-depth, yet also concise, overview of such a complex topic! 👏
Hello. Writer and researcher of the video here. Hope you liked our overview of different religious movements of western Europe in the lower middle ages. Of course we couldn’t go into detail of them as this video is meant as an overview touching on elements that the heresies/movements have in common.
Sources used:
-The Western Church in the Middle Ages, John A F Thomson
-Religion in the Medieval West, Bernard Hamilton
-Religious Controversy in Europe, 1378-1536 Van Dussen & Soukup
-Medieval heresy : popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation, Malcolm Lambert
-The Peace of God: Social Violence and Religious Response in France around the Year 1000; Edited by Thomas Head and Richard Landes
-The Worlds of Medieval Europe, Clifford R. Backman
Hi, where do I find more information about the valdencions ? I was intrigued by the fact that still exist to this day
Thanks for a great video and I'm looking forward to more! It would be interesting to explore the impact of social and theological events on motivations for reform, for example did the failure of Jesus' 'Second Coming' to manifest at different times (like in the year 1000) cause a disillusionment with Catholicism, or the impact of the Black Death on society and people's beliefs. Its a difficult topic probably with few sources, but might be an interesting area of research for this series
@@Landerdidthat Lambert’s book has a chapter at least on the Valdesian which was well written. If you are asking for information on today’s Valdesian’s I unfortunately don’t have much info on them
@@paulc1497 The impact of the black death definitely would be an interesting topic. The scare of the year 1000 is something I have not found many sources, and I personally suspect it’s importance has been increased by later writers
I appreciate the effort put into this but my understanding is that the segment concerning the Cathars is now considered outdated, and that they probably weren't so influenced by eastern sects like the Bogomils and probably didn't have a dualist view of the world. They also weren't as well organized as often suggested, a lot of these notions came from their enemies in the mainstream church who, over the decades, added ever more grand accusations and proclamations about Cathar beliefs and behaviours, slowly turning them into an evil conspiracy when in reality it was probably more of a series of eccentric local beliefs and customs in Southern France, especially concerning the ability of laity to reach a level of spiritual authority comparable or greater than that of the official church members.
As far as I understand, the Cathar didn't even call themselves Cathars, and the name came to be applied to them by mainstream catholic writers who supported their destruction who based the name on ancient heresies that they had read about in an attempt to draw a line between the Cathars and much older heresies that was probably entirely fictional. This is also where their associations with the likes of Manicheans comes from too.
Religion has always been a major influence on the development of human civilization from the very beginning. Kings and generals has done a great service to all of us with documentaries like this and others to show the impact that it has had on our global history. From the earliest time to the present. Thank you so much.
Such a good work! It would be so cool to go deep in the theological differences between these heresies in a future video, especially in the firts heretic movements (what was the difference between the monophysits, the monothelits and the monoenergists? How these heresies began to be conceived starting from a platonic or aristotelic view of the World?)
Well, it was also seen as herecy to be against the churchs authority to change the laws of God like the ten commandments
Especially how they shaped Mohammed and his schizophrenia with his blood lust and pedophilia
Yesss, that would be so awesome 👍
I've always been curious why the early Church took such seemingly trivial theological differences so seriously. I'm tempted to believe that it was, consciously or not, a front for power politics. Did anyone besides the higher clergy even understand the theological differences between, say, the Miaphysites and Chalcedonians, let alone care?
Sounds extremely boring
I love the non-militarily vids. That's so fascinating.
Also, I just read about how the Cumans who settled in Hungary (Greater Cumania) eventually converted to Calvinist Protestantism. I would love to see a video about the forgotten Turkic Protestants.
I believe a Cuman identity was non existent by that time
Cumans converted to Calvinism? 😂
@@XDomyX Yes?
Calvinism in general is quite popular in Hungary, especially in Transylvania.
I never knew but, lets say they were later made Jannissaries and members of the royal guard.
Protestantism: *Is created*
Catholics "Finally, a worthy opponent!"
Orthodoxs: "I thought what we had was special..." 😢
to me it seems that Catholicism and the Orthodox church were different flavours of the same thing as they had a similar political structure (top down with single leader). Protestantism however shook the foundations of both the faith itself and the way it was organized.
@@daarom3472 very good analysis. Notice how often times those who controlled the organizations of Christianity often quelled "rebellious" attitudes whenever it started to jeopardize the status quo.
@@daarom3472 the orthodox structure is not that similar to Catholicism
It's much more regionalised and autonomous, and has no central, ruling elite with the same power as the pope
@@TetsuShima you've said it yourself. Their shared goal for consolidating power through the lore of Christianity and the image of the Christ. For some humans, everlasting greed and lust for sex (priests also have sex behind closed doors) are necessary for their survival, so be it.
@@daarom3472 the eastern Orthodoxy church is much more decentralized, there is no “supreme pontiff” and no central governing authority.The metropolitan primates who enjoy autocephalous status are not subordinate to the ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople, their considered
peers and equals. Bartholomew I of Constantinople is more like a head franchiser and elder spokesperson for the religion. What the Eastern Orthodox share in common with the Catholic Church is they both consider the ancient church canon and sacred tradition to be equal in authority to the bible, because it was the church guided by Holy Spirit that authenticated and authorized the biblical canon.
kings and generals always teach good history things. one of the best ever history channels ever. love ya all. a huge fan of you from sri lanka. protestant movement i think start by martin luther by his ninety five thesee. one of the best things ever.
WOOOOOOOOOO!!!! Been hoping to get some stuff on the Reformation, Proto-Reformation, and/or heretics from you guys!
A great video! I love to see a nuanced view of the Middle Ages being popularized.
Speaking about the Council of Constance, you could probably make a whole video just about it, including a look at the two members of the Polish delegation (who defended Jan Hus): Stanisław of Skarbimierz and Paweł Włodkowic (known in Latin as Paulus Vladimiri). The two had some interesting, ahead-of-their-time ideas.
The relative tolerance existing in Poland-Lithuania is a very interesting abberation in an age of growing absolutism and religious strife. A shame what happened under the Prussians and later Soviets would erase much of what had been built over centuries.
It should be noted that Grand Duke Vytautas even became known as the king of the hussites after his intervention.
As always, I love that you are always unbiased about every subject it makes the videos interesting
This was great, please keep all the great content coming.
A very important and necessary knowledge to understand why early and late medieval wars were so varied. I look forward to the continuation. Thanks for now.
I find the slow conversion of the Teutonic order to Prussia to be an interesting topic considering their original purpose and the impact on the native Prussian Lithuanians who also eventually became Protestant and made the region a center of Lithuanian literature/culture.
Glad to see your effort in putting that part of History of Religion in a fair and clear pictures. Hope another Age of Reformation will come soon.
Informative as always!! I bet your videos will be found in the playlists of people studying history
A very fine overview, congratulations! Back when I was in college, I had made a special study of the Waldensians, so was glad to see them mentioned here (I also noticed, though I didn't enter, the Waldensian church in the center of Rome). A small Waldensian community emigrated to North Carolina, in the US, though this was long after they had essentially merged with the Calvinists in Italy and France. There's a town called Valdese in NC that is their epicenter there.
An excellent summary of the various movements. I really enjoyed this video.
BEST HISTORY CHANNEL EVER, FANTASTIC WORK GUYS.
A very timely video, I had to write a essay on the topic
Came out to be very helpful thank you K&G
Yes!!! This is awesome!!! Hope you can have a full series of these videos!!! It was very well balance, lots of information without deviating from the main topic, the maps were so accurate, the flow of the script was very fluid, and the conclusion leave you want it to watch more. A big congratulation all the team that made this possible, keep with the good work, and looking forward for more! 💪
I never knew there was this many attempts at dissension and reformation before the actual Reformation. Love these videos!
Everything starts from a previous attempt, minus the 1st one, which is usually always unsuccessful. But people have the ability to learn from mistakes.
Martin Luther was greatly assisted by the printing press. Before the printing press it was much harder to mass produce anything or make anything go viral.
It is interesting how similar the Chantry from the Dragon Age universe is to our world's Catholic church: ua-cam.com/video/jnWl3ioT25A/v-deo.html
What in the world?
Shouldn’t this be the Wizards and Warriors channel posting this??
Hm why many nobles supported Protestantism.becouse they can confiscate church property.🤑
@@joeypaisano9235 Straw man argument. He didnt say that at all.
Also "Simony" is pronounced "sai·muh·nee", as in "Simon".
Always informative!
Nice video. Can't wait for more on this interesting subject.
This was very interesting. I didn't know this history. Thank you so much. I learn so much from you all. My family had a religious war. Protestant Uncle married a Catholic girl. I wasn't even born yet, but I heard about it. The sh*t hit the fan. Wow! Arigatou gozaimasu Sensei. Deep bow of respect.
Scandalous!
@@KingsandGenerals Arigatou gozaimasu Sensei Kings and Generals. so much to learn from you. Deepest most respectful bow. Thank you.💘
@@KingsandGenerals The protestant heretics DID NOT reform anything but caused evil revolution.
The ACTUAL reformers were Catholics within the Catholic church who reformed misabuses to catholic truth by those not properly following it.
Excellent Video! Hope you guys can make more of this. Hope you explore the Huguenots!!
The Huguenots/Acadians and the French Wars of Religion are an amazingly interesting topic as well... lots of content that often gets overlooked, lots of really amazing people and some truly horrifically awful people.
Most Acadians were pious catholics. You had to be a good well behaved catholic to be allowed to move to Acadia or Quebec. Huguenots were forbidden to do so. They had tried to settled in South Carolina/Florida and Rio de Janeiro but were unsuccessful before the laws changed and they were forced to migrate either to the 13 colonies or other European states like the Netherlands or Prusia.
@@Alejojojo6 I'm not sure who told you this, but it's not accurate.
My ancestors arrived in Port Royal in the 1680s-1700s; they came from La Rochelle, Louden (Aquitaine) and Rouen (Normandy) primarily, and many had fled to Amsterdam, Liden and Kent before that to flee Catholic persecution.
For 150 years they lived in peace in Acadia, making treaties with the Mi'kmaq and other local Algonquin-speaking peoples, until Le Grand Dérangement killed 2/3rds of our people; I have direct grand-parents who died on the ships that were denied entry into Virginia as they headed down to Louisiana and the swamps.
("Fun" fact - in the 1930s Huey Long, renowned P.o.S. of Lousiana, built highways through Acadian ("Cajun" - a slur) lands and forced them to become "Americans" - change our names to English, give up speaking French, adopt Roman Catholicism. Even in America we faced persecution and have almost been completely assimilated at this point.)
I can assure you, Huguenots were very much a part of Acadian history - and the fact that their history continues to be so misrepresented and erased is exactly why I would love to see a major channel like this cover it; they already covered the Catholic war on Protestantism & humanism (not linked, just both attacked at the same time) in France, so it would be a logical conclusion to it.
Incredible video, Thank you so much for uploading this.
Love these videos about religion (especially within the Western and Eastern Roman Empire) and how detailed they are. Keep up the good work Kings and Generals!
I wished you mentioned the Pelagians, such an interesting and Druidic/Celtic-inspired heresy.
Religious history stuff is exciting, I am looking forward to more of it. Great video!
I've had my fingers crossed for a video from K&G on this subject :)
This is awesome and I've been trying to find videos on the 40 years war about the Protestant/Catholic split. This so far has been the closest I could find.
Please keep it up!
My favourite video from my favourite YT channel. Fascinating!
Fantastic video keep it up you're doing amazing job
Great video, really interesting and respectful
Loved the video, very informative. Could you please make a video about Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther King in this series because in UA-cam wherever we've searched there's no such simple explanation like yours.
Ian Hus was on the spot!
Man before his time
He was a heretic
@@RJ-bq5mr John 10:27-23 27 My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me. 28 I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.
The word of the living God is infallible.
Jan Hus was a temerous lunatic who directly attacked legitimate spiritual and temporal authorities, which inevitably led to a fierce and bloody civil war in Europe - a war from which our societies are still suffering to this day.
@@ravinglunatic299 The word of the Living God was assembled by the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church
Awesome stuff. Our people left Sandwich, England in1635 on the HMS Hercules for both religious and political reasons and landed at Plymouth. Yup we fought in the Revaluation and every US war since, we lost 7 (Union) in the US Civil War, Yankee blue bellies, with much respect to the Rebs and their Stars and Bars. Great to get some historical input of our 180ish million Protestants in the US, with total respect for our brothers and sisters in Catholic, Jewish and other religious groups.
Good stuff. American stuff 💪
Yes! How cool. Please more videos on the history of religion
you mean like:
c.539 Mazdaism (aka Magi) Persian King Cyrus the great conquers Pagan Babylon, soon after decrees conquered people (including Hebrews) will rebuild their temples.
c.550-522 BC Persian Achaemenid Empire has pre-Zoroastrian Mazdaism as official religion, until the Magian priest Gaumata rebellion vs king Cambyses II - Cambyses II died, then cousin heir king Darius recovers empire and in
522--330 BC Persian Achaemenid Empire becomes officially Zoroastrian religion instead. Original Mazdaism(Magianism) with the Magi priests fall out of power, although still around. Persian Empire from Egypt to central Asia estimated contains about 45% of all humanity (45 million of 100 million Earth Pop!) at the time.
I love your channel. You’re voice also belongs on history shows on the history channel
Great video on a fascinating topic.
Absolutely love stuff like this
Bravo Bravo 👏
I'm proud to be Protestant but I also have Catholic friends. Crazy to think we would have been at each other's throats back then.
@@thecriticalnouswhat is there to be proud about being Orthodox? The church that believes you can pray to Mary (yes Orthodox heretics believe they can communicate with Mary as an intercessor between God and man no matter how they word it).
Why (if the Bible is sufficient apart from Holy Tradition) can a Baptist, a Pentecostal, a Jehovah's Witness, a Presbyterian ,a Calvinist and a Methodist all claim to believe what the Bible says and yet no two of them agree what it is that the Bible says?
@@thecriticalnous Protestants don’t claim that all other Protestant sects are true or correct. That question is in no way a valid defense of papism or orthodoxy. Here’s a better question, how is it the one true infallible church if your doctrines of today look completely alien to the doctrines of the catholic church in say, the early middle ages?
Thanks for this information great job 😊
I am a very big fan of this topic, but even I myself have not heard about the Catharism. It's great video thank you for your work!!
This was fascinating! I very much enjoyed hearing about some of these early movements within and outside of Complication. I would be very interested to hear more about Christianity's early spread eastward into Persia, India, China, etc. too if you guys ever get the chance. Regardless, thank you very much for another excellent episode!
God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)
Great work guys
I'm from Constance and the council of Constance from 1414-1418 and Jan Hus's execution are a pretty big topic in my cities history. The building(s) where the council tool place is/are still intact and a popular tourist attraction as well as the monastery where Jan Hus was detained during his trial (although it's not a monastery anymore).
The council of Constance actually primarily served to end the period of multiple competing popes and ended up with the election of a new, single pope to lead the Catholic church.
From what I've learned/heard in local stories, Jan Hus came to Constance only after the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and the other council members promised him free passage (and guarantees). But when he arrived he was instead imprisoned, trialed and burnt at the stake.
There are still a number of Museums, streets and plazas/areas named after Jan Hus today and you sometimes see a memorial plate/inscription at different places in the old city and surrounding areas.
These was amazing video , welll done
I love this style of animation.
If only they had enough money to make it a moving animation
Great video as always!
The problem with discussing religon, in particular, is that all the sources are biased in their own way, to a greater or lesser extent. The key is to try to interpret them with an open mind. Though doing this does have the tendency for you to be considered heretical as this will likely be contrary to the accepted doctrine. Heresy tends is condemned because of its social & political ramifications. Something which is explicitly mentioned in this video. One thing I love about the guys at Kings & Generals is that they do try to be as unbiased as possible. Keep it up!
Great video guys
Thank you for the video it was good 👍🏻
Hope to see the next one soon
Intetesting thing is that offspring of Peter Payne, english scholar who brought Wikliffes teachings to Prague, still live here, two families descended from him. Paynové (Payne family) and Engliš (he was called mister English while in Bohenia)
Incredible work!!!!
Fascinating - thanks!
Please make more videos on the history of Christianity and other major religions.
The Protestant reformation could be a fun oversimplified video
I am sorry but I needed to ask this. Will the proto-Protestant movements be featured in the video about alternate history on the "other" channel as well? I think the reactions of the Cathars and the Waldesians to the Sack of Rome by the "nomadic invaders who are the exception to all rules" are important here.
Also, how much chance these proto-Protestant movements have the chances of accomplishing their endgames?
Wow!!! Do they have an endgame agenda??? Talk about it!!!!
@@futureisyours3016 If I remembered correctly, their main goals most likely might be reforming the Church from within or break away from it. I really do not know because I forgot about it already. I am sorry.
@@lerneanlion well, I'll give some stuff to read on. Lead u a bit down the rabbit hole. Albert Pike, Freemasonry,(free bespoke)religion, Zelensky, rise of Turkey, open society, free immigrants in Europe,
Italy facing immigrants.
Failure of Crusades, Shriners. In one word...... I.L.M
I think the general belief by most Christians is that the early church was a single, unified entity that morphed into the Roman catholic church & only began to fragment during the Renaissance. But there never really was a single, uniform Christianity.
Man! It's amazing how shallow and terrible spiritual illumination was throughout these centuries. Sad also to know that some have survived till this day.
But this was an awesome presentation!! As a Christian and a "touch and go" student of church history, I am eternally grateful for this!!
Shoutout to the Reformers who doctored the Church from the inside:
The badass St Catherine of Siena
St Francis of Asissi (Franciscans were interestingly the successful variant of Waldensians)
St Bonaventure
Etc
Also, traditional Franciscans actually still survived called Capuchins and were not deemed as heretics thanks to the defense of St Bonaventure.
Great job
I'm looking forward to more on the Protestant Movements.
I would like to hear how the Puritans shaped the North American beliefs of today.
It should be noted that even within Catholicism - pre Ultramontanism - monarchs had a greater role on issues like appointing bishops than now. That might have made the Establishment of national Protestant churches seem less of a change than it seems now.
I am slowly finding the absolute disastrous state of the world along with the endless political revolution that scarred the 16th and 17th century eerily similar to our modern conditions and cannot get enough history about this late medieval/early modern period these days, probably out of need to cope with all that’s going wrong these days. To be honest it is both disturbing but also strangely hopeful to see all this horrific endless violence actually resulting in real political change and not just utter apocalypse, maybe there is really hope in all this decay.
Part of one of these movements. Group has over 1million adherents in the USA, mostly northern Europe and missionary enclaves in 2 continents
How I had no idea these popular uprisings and sentiments stretched back so far!
I've always been a bit confused about exactly how Buddhism got to Japan. It seems like everything about Japan does really well on UA-cam so maybe you guys would be interested in covering that
Monks from India... Is your answer
@@caniblmolstr4503 nah...
I've had some interest in non-czech hussitism for a while now as it's often discussed in terms retroactively projecting nationalism onto the topic, while it would've absolutely made sense that much like other forms of protestantism, there would've been non-czech Hussites given time & area. Since this has also been mentioned in this video, what is some good literature going into non-czech local Bohemian perspectives on Hussitism?
So happy that th Dominican and Fransiscan orders were mentioned! I studied about them when working at a museum that opened up inside the Dominican cloister in Malta. Fascinating stories, and we have a lot to thank them for, for documenting what they could!
Great stuff
Will You bring up the butter theory?
The importance of the butter prohibition for Lent.
Once again we see how ideas can never truly be killed.
@kingsandgenerals, thank You for that episode and all the good work!
At the same time, allow me to utter two points of criticism:
1) You have called all the heresies ,early protestant'; yet a) these are very different groups and b) it is very difficult to call anything ,pre-protestant' before Wiclyffe, the Peasants Revolt in England or Jan Hus.
2) the heretic groups are here - as traditonally - portrayed as ascetic holy men and victims of the Catholic Church. Well, it is not that simple; let us take the Cathars in the south of France: they have been well known for their violent action against catholic clergy and monasteries (one of the reasons, why the crusades against them happened). On another level they are said to have been huge fans of abortion (including forced abortions) and suicides (yes ... Including forcing their believers to commit suicide sometimes) , which lay in their doctrin (in short: everything that is of this world is evil and must be destroyed).
Some small group leader: Hey Guys!
So I’ve been looking at the budget and we’re going to make some cut backs…
Inquisition: *Smells Heresy*
You are doing excellent work. Try not to beat yourself up about those who don't want to view evidence about the h people's socialism. You have opened my eyes about Germany from the 1900s to 1945.
Thanks so much. I am a stroke survivor. ( I lived) my Father is a Lutheran Minister. Despite having ibeen well trained, it is great to review. Everything I remember, helps my confidence. SIN BOLDLY!( Luther)
Please more economics history and social development videos
Kings and Generals is eventually going to have to make a video called "What is Christianity?" for people who were raised so secular that they legitimately don't know.
Great video, but I would dig a little deeper on the so called "cathars". Recent scholarship suggests they were not gnostic dualists with a old eastern tradition. They were more likely just seen as backward and in the way of a quickly changing papacy. They were certainly heretical by a Catholic standard but not in the way the are portrayed. I recommend "The Rest is History Podcast" episodes on the "Cathars".
As a Protestant myself and raised by German parents I believe in the one way connection to gos above and our lord Jesus the Catholic ways we’re evil and to pay your way to god is inconceivable. To this day I am a loyal follower of the Lutheran faith and will remain to the day I die.
I am OBC hindu but I converted Christianity
But ur old comments seems u r castest in Christianity we don't have Cast so plez do bring cast and all those stuffs..
@@puis11-1 what do you want to say
@@Myavepea in your previous video Which was Muslim expansion in India u show hand emoji in telling JAT... So i mean to say plez don't bring Cast If u converted to Christianity in our faith we don't have any JAT or Rajput or any cast so plez don't bring it..
@@puis11-1 i think its not a cast bro.. calm down
@@puis11-1 which video are you talking about bro
It's a shame that Bosnian Church isn't mentioned, it has some ties with bogumilism but it's specific in it's own way
@KingsandGenerals could you please make a video about Johannes Gutenberg the inventor of the printing press.
I like how they were called heretics just for being against church corruption and living in an ascetic way, helping people
Even better is that they eventually just became the same as the thing they fought against.
@@Chestyfriend if Luther saw what American protestantism because he'd probably just shut up and pay his indulgences.
Nope you're wrong.
Plenty of monastic orders who worked against Church corruption and lived in ascetic conditions were never deemed heretical.
Being against corruption and for asceticism isn't and was never ground for being schismatic, as evident from the plethora of saints who held these convictions.
@@remilenoir1271 in some places yeah and others no, but what is certain is that catholics murdered hundreds of thousands of people for being part of movements that resulted from catholic corruption. What jesus would've wanted right?
@Sayuas The catholic Church has never, ever, in History, murdered hundreds of thousands of people or ordered such a thing to happen.
So unless you have something to back up that claim there is no need to go any further with that conversation.
What Jesus would've wanted doesn't really matter. Mankind is still mankind, with all its sin, contradictions and pettiness.
As terrible as it is you can't except people not to indulge in violence on a political level just because the Bible said so. Especially when the issues at hand are politic issues as much, if not more, as they are religious (which was the case for cathars, hugenots, and protestants).
Jesus coming didn't cure the world of sin, it only allowed those willing to not indulge in sin to be able to reconcile with God and enter paradise.
Bit disappointed to see the bit about the cathars being the outdated retelling presented with absolute certainty without an asterisk mentioning the debates in historian circles that’s been raging the last 20 years.
Girolamo Savonarola: “Am I a joke to you?”
I wonder what prior sects influenced the Shakers and Quakers?
The Quakers devotion to all people being equal is a foundational principle of the United States. David Hackett Fischer describes it well in his book - The Seeds Of Albion.
One of the best history books I have ever read (and I read many.)
Thanks Tô This Vídeo.
Albigensian Crusade and Hussite Wars are the most infamous
Summary
0:05: 📜 프로테스탄트 개혁과 유럽 역사에 미치는 영향, 종교와 정치 간의 교차점에 대한 내용입니다.
2:55: 🕊 기독교에서 이단과 종교 개혁의 역사.
5:46: ⛪ 이 비디오는 11 ~ 12세기 교회 내의 운동과 개혁, 그리고 이단과 그레고리오 개혁에 대해 논의합니다.
8:30: 📜 중세 유럽에서 신종 종교 운동의 등장, 왈덴세인과 가타르파르를 포함하며, 그들이 사회와 교회에 미친 영향.
11:21: ⛪ 가타리주의의 성장과 몰락, 그리고 가톨릭 교회의 대응.
14:13: 🔥 기독교에서 이단 운동의 급부상, 포함하여 프라티첼리 이단, 롤라디, 야니 후스의 이념, 그리고 유럽 사회에 미치는 영향.
16:59: 🕊 이 비디오는 얀 후스의 죽음이 후사 전쟁에 미친 영향과 다양한 종교 운동이 개신교 개혁에 미친 영향에 대해 논의합니다.
Recapped using Tammy AI
Luther: The Pope is a Liar... SOMETIMES.
Peasants: "Goddamn you Luther!"
Nice 👌
Great video
Now can we see the moment when eastern religions met abrahamic religions.
That happened centuries earlier, there were Buddhist and Hindu missionaries in the Roman Empire, there were also Jews in Persia, south India and even into China! There was the Christian Assyrian Church of the East from Persia into India and into China, even evidence of Japan by 800s. Folks got around!
What program do you guys use for these videos?!
After Effects
Dang, I was hoping for an appearance by Savonarola.
That dude was crazy, certainly made Florence an interesting place to be at the time