Edit: Correction: Portugal should not be marked as part of the Spanish Hapsburg territory. These videos try to be accurate, represent different researchers’ viewpoints and still be as entertaining as possible. If you think this is valuable content, then please consider donating over on Patreon. Link: www.patreon.com/sandrhomanhistory
This was far better then the coverage that extra credits did. My favorite time period in history was around this era, the powder wars. Glad I found you
I hope your house has undergone some upgrades since then... Your 17th century toilet was paved over years ago, I'm sure. All joking aside, I am curious as to what kind of building it is that you call your house... Is it brick? Stone? Wood? Most people don't have such an old dwelling.
New leaders, different alliances, different politics. If Austria hadn't taken anything Prussia and Russia would've. Realpolitik as the other guy puts it
Pretty much the same happenned with Hungary. If it wasn't for the help of the Hungarian and Cuman forces of Ladislaus IV. in the Battle on the Marchfeld (1278) the "poor count" from Swabian Habsburg Castle, Rudolf I. of Habsburg would not had been able to secure his possession of the Duchies of Austria and Styria, the very foundation of House of Habsburg's power base. And how that ended? Hungary also got riped to pieces in the 16th century with one part ruled by the Habsburgs for centuries. I would say the moral of the story is to NOT help out the Habsburgs, but actually that's just politics, as so many already pointed it out here.
For Sobieski, the fights against the Ottoman Empire had also personal, not only political or religious aspect. His ancestor was Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, whose last-stand fight, in battle of Cecora 1620, is well known in the history of Poland. Żólkiewski died in age of 72 with a saber in his hand as a hero defending the country's borders. Sobieski's mother taught her sons Latin on the example of the inscriptions covering the tomb of their great ancestor. The uncle and brother of king Jan were killed by Tatars. Jan himself was born in a castle surrounded by the raging Tatar invasion. The fight against the Tatars and the Turks, one could say, was this man's destiny. Except from the Battle of Vienna his other victories are little known to history enthusiasts in countries different than Poland. Among that victories are brilliant counter-raid around the city of Lwów against the overwhelming strength of Tatar raiders in 1672, and in the next year battle of Khotyn where the 40,000 Turkish army was literally annihilated. Nevertheless, Sobieski didn't hate or prejudice his muslim enemies. He enjoyed a Janissary music and even had his own Janissary orchestra made of Turkish POW's. Poles and Turks met each other for hundreds of years in trade, diplomacy and on many battlefields*, but they could respect each other, even as enemies. *(probably first time in Battle of Kosovo 1389, where some Polish knights supported the Serbian army)
I’ve never heard of POW musicians until now, and it sounds hilarious to me. You win a glorious victory, take many POWs, and instead of ransoming them or releasing them, you’re like “Sing me a song”
The last paragraph is true. The Polish were Turkophiles and loved everything Ottoman. And since they defeated the Ottomans several times they had plenty of Ottomans stuff. The helmets and swords were inspired/copied from the Ottomans (and potentially improved upon). There is a book about this.
@@Giagantus Indeed! The clothing style of the Polish and Lithuanian/Ruthenian nobility was heavily inspired by Ottoman elements. And until this day there is a considerable section of the Wawel Castle Museum of Kraków displaying Ottoman treasures won in those wars: tents, art, jewellery, pottery and so on. And, at the same time, there is respect.
@@Ask_a_Martyr 1750, industrial revolution is what gave fuel to the engine of European power. Before that Europe was gambling HARD with a mostly empty hand.
Two of My ancestors were Winged Hussars at Vienna. They were minor nobility and were in the First Banner (First Company). My father has one of the szabla (saber). Niech żyje Polska!
I see a bit of ambivalence, tho im happy to hear support and a connection to our common heritage, I also see the red-black of Bandera (OUN/UPA) responsible for the Volhynian Genocide.
My Brother! I as well have an ancestor who was with the Hussars at Vienna. It took me quite a good while to research and confirm that particular part of the family history. It was always passed down through us as a fact, and we just accepted it as such. Then I studied and became an historian and decided that I wanted to find out how legitimate that family story was. It turned out to be fairly accurate when all things considered.
Interesting tidbit: Just as a huge number of soldiers in the Ottoman army were Christians (Hungarian, and even English, French, German, and Dutch Protestants as well as Serbs and other Orthodox troops), one of the most effective elements in the Polish army were the Muslim Lipka Tatars. Once he got home after the Siege of Vienna, the Polish king happily ordered the building of mosques for his Lipka Tatar vassals. Many of these mosques still stand today, and Muslim Lipka Tatar cavalrymen were still serving in the Polish army as late as World War Two, with new inductees into the Lipka Tatar lancer regiment swearing their oath of service in Islamic style. If I’m not mistaken, a monument to the Muslim Lipka Tatar cavalry was also unveiled some years ago in Poland.
After this defeat I do not know how long later Poland wiped out of map! Divided 4 and never existed for a long time.Only 1 super power stand strongly against it! Ottoman turks...They always kept polish flags during meeting with the other europeans! After the russian attacks to poland a lot of polish elites and military officers took refuge in ottomans.and those officers helped a lot to turks to modernise their army.They did really good job.Some of them became even moslems, some of them became statesman or military high rank pashas ( sort of general, high rank officers, commanders) . History is sometimes very funny and strange! One the greatest poetr of Modern Turkey is Nazim Hikmet is a great great grandson of polish officer who took refugee in ottomans. I deeply thanks to polish nation for giving gift to us Nazim Hikmet.
This is new info to me. I know Muslim kipchaks have had a long history in Eastern Europe but I never knew they fought the Ottomans on behalf of the Poles in this siege. The more you know...
@@Notmyname1593 Turkey got it's ass kicked at Vienna twice, got wrecked at Malta and was pushed out of Europe completely. Good luck getting the "world" to speak Turkish.
Vienna: "We'll keep the coffee as compensation" And so a century long addiction started, and coffee culture swept over most of Europe. Who needs gold when you can have caffeine?
It wasn’t their first time with coffee, but legend has it that it was the start of adidng milk to coffee (and another legend is this siege being the inspiration to the shape of the modern croissant).
Considering how relatively recent , large/long and potentially worldchanging The Sieges of Vienna were. The absence of the sieges from our schools history books especially in europe, is a mystery to me. Underated in every way !
Good point, but it’s no mystery. It’s purposeful. The education establishment has been taken over by the Left, which opposes western civilization and is seeking to destroy it from within.
1620 is not relatively recent when it comes to history. The more recent sth is, the more about it is taught. That said, I'm pretty sure this battle was mentioned in my history classes.
@@pamtnman1515 I could equally claim that it's taken over by the right, because of all of the stuff about colonialism not mentioned. You can't put everything into the curriculum. If people know that the Ottomans tried and failed to push into Europe at around that time, that's good enough.
@@MrCmon113 uhhhh yeah. Sure. History taken over by “the right.” Which is why western history books and classes everywhere promote leftist ideology. And which colonialism are you mentioning here? The one in the Middle East where a toxic mix of Arab colonialism and Islamic imperialism resulted in one of the world’s greatest genocides and ethnic cleansings? That one? Or maybe the Ottoman Empire colonialism? Or maybe the Chinese empire? Or the Russian empire? Or perhaps the KwaZulu expansionism against Bantu Africans, not to mention the widespread tribal conflicts across Africa with all the attendant slave trading and mass murdering? You leave so many “colonial” periods open for selecting, but we know which one you subjectively choose, because you are an anti western leftist. That brief window in fairly modern history where Europeans expanded beyond their immediate borders, just as every other ethnicity and language group has done since time immemorial
@@pamtnman1515 European colonialism rightly deserves the scrutiny and scorn it now receives. It is a testament to the strength of modern culture that we can apply such introspection and move forward rather than fall rapidly into irrelevance with the sort of ethnocentric navel-gazing promoted by present-day degenerate "conservatives." Standard bearers of Western culture they are most certainly not.
The coolest part about this battle is that it really was like something out of a movie in a sense that the relief force arrived at literally the last possible moment. If they arrived a day later Vienna would've fallen
Yes, and then they would just have shattered the ottoman army anyway and besieged the city and retaken it right away since there was already siege work, while the ottomans were out of supplies.
Tolkien used it as an inspiration for the chapter "Ride of the Rohirrim" in Lord of the Rings. It's one hell of a chapter, but the history is one hell of a story as well.
@@aitoriri1 sometimes they exaggerate in history things. With how close they were to defeat to make their look more epic. This channel has thaught us that sieges last as long as the defenders want them to. Knowing that there is a relief army, they probably would have held for much longer. Knowing that the ottomans later still had significant military strength suggests that they did perhaps withdraw intactly as they were never pursued.
WOW! I had read about this battle, but was a bit fuzzy on the details. This video really helped me understand what exactly went on, who was involved, and the structure of forts. Thank you so much for putting this together! I'm sharing it with a history class I'm teaching.
It was not mentioned in video, but Sobieski delayed his departue from Poland because the lithuanian forces that were supposed to reinforce king's army did not arrive on time. That's why Sobieski brought only half of the force from PLC he promised.
I'm a Pole and sometimes this is interesting to see a different point of view of one battle .Probably this battle see differently Poles ,Austrian and Turkish
I wouldn't be surprised if they took inspiration out of this battle. Also, the siege of Paris was broken by a relief army in 885 like this, though smaller.
@@MusicSaves89 Siege of Siget was the ispiration for Helms Deep (there it was played out with final charge of the defenders), secend siege of Wien was inspiration for Minas Tirith.
Siege of Vienna, 1529... Sultan Suleiman: "In two weeks, I'll be having breakfast in your cathedral"... The day came and... passed: letter from Viennese: "ARE YOU COMING? YOUR BREAKFAST IS GETTING COLD"... Now, that's some world-class taunting...
"infantry did 80% of the work" You mean, the Turks were 80% broken already? 20% more infantry would secure the day, heh? In other words, the Hussars took the praise, because it was them who made the victory possible. Infantry can't annihilate infantry, only push them out. For total victory you need cavalry. For a decisive breakthrough, you need shock cavalry.
@@bakters Every time I see a video on this, most of them say the infantry was fought to a standstill. They did engage early, and they were winning, but the death blow came from the 18,000 (I have read as much as 30,000) cavalry from ALL the armies, spearheaded by 3,000 Winged Hussars. So, I am unsure why people think the Hussars get all the credit.
@@cukrux8376 Lord of the Rings: - (Messenger) The beacons are lit, Gondor calls for help! - (Theoden) *_And Rohan will answer._* Muster the Rohirrim...
After Vienna the Ottomans had their eyes on Rome. This was a Pivotal period of time in Western Europe history. It stopped the western expansion of Islam. I have Much Love for the Polish People and the Winged Hussars. T$
And why did terrible Usama Bin Laden attack New York the same day 11th of September? Well done The Holy League and The Polish-Lithuanian troups under The European saveour King Sobieski and the legendary The Winged Hussars.
@@pederlettstroem980 Because the 11 of september is officaly(by hisstory) date which means fall of ottoman empires and stop spread islam. Bin Laden took this date because of symbolism.
9:00 Lord of the Rings reference, now please allow me to indulge myself. Edit -> Kara Mustafa: Together, my Sultan Mehmed, we shall rule this Europe. The old world will burn in the fires of Janissaries. Castles will fall. A new order will rise. We will drive the machine of war with the sword and the spear and the iron fist of the Ottomans. Ottomans: One does not simply walk into Vienna. Leopold: *Asks for help* Von Starhemberg: If by my life or death I can protect you, I will. You have my sword... Duke of Lorraine: and you have my bow Rimpler: and my axe. Saxons: You carry the fate of us all, little one. If this is indeed the will of the Council, then Saxony will see it done. Duke of Lorraine: A red sun rises, blood has been spilled this night. Edit -> Kara Mustafa: A new power is rising. Its victory is at hand. This night the land will be stained with the blood of Austria. March to Vienna. Leave none alive. To war! Rimpler: Lorraine! Two already! Duke of Lorraine: I'm on seventeen! Jan Sobieski: Arise, arise, My Winged Hussars! spear shall be shaken, shield shall be splintered, a sword-day, a red day, ere the sun rises! Ride now, ride now, ride! Ride for Vienna and the world's ending! Death! Death! Death! Forth Husaria! Changed order -> Kara Mustafa: My precious!!!! Edit: I am taking notes from the replies, if you have anything to add, do add it below.
Change the last "Hussars" for a more correct and polish "Husaria" to match the Eorlingas instead of rohirrim, and I shall make a paint of this comment to hang from my bedroom wall.
1605 yers Kircholm 3000 Polisch and Lituanian husars vs 13000 Sweden Victory Poland and Lituanian. 1610 yers Kluszyno 2700 Polisch husars vs 35000 Rusian and Sweden Victory Poland. Polisch and Lituanian husars the best cavalry in the World.
Loved it. I've studied this siege. Watched several videos. Heard many perspectives. Your compilation of info into a full documentary is a great success. You did that in a half hour production! Cheers! Thanks
King Sobieski, hero of Europa. God bless our Polish brothers from Ireland. We have a lot of Poles here and we get on so well our children are indistinguishable.
Fantastic content! Your academic rigor and focus on the Early Modern Era certainly fills a void. I only realized (thanks to your crediting historians) that one of my favorite books is from Christopher Duffy - "Siege Warfare". I haven't read the other historians you mention, but I can recommend Duffy as being as entertaining as your videos. Mentioning sources really separates "wheat from chaff" in history UA-cam videos; it respects the "shoulders of giants" that spent lifetimes bent over the primary sources so we can be informed and entertained at our leisure.
Awesome video! Gives a holistic view of the whole battle, not just that one epic arrival. I especially appreciate the inclusion of the story of Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, even though you butchered the name a bit. ;D It would be also great to see a similar video (or two) about the battles of Chocim / Khotyn (Хотин) in 1621 and 1673, especially the first one, they deserve to get more attention in my opinion.
Especially the episode, when several banners of Hussars and ritters swept the whole Turkish army off the field. The marshall himself couldn't believe in this success, so he forbade the pursuit, fearing it's a ruse. The day when the flower of Turkish youth died, as they later wrote.
@@bakters To be exact it was 3,000 Polish Winged Hussars, 8,000 Polish Pancerny Cavalry, 2,400 Polish Light Cavalry, 500 Polish Arquebusiers and about 5,000 Imperial and German Cavalry that made the decisive charge (at Vienna).
@@aleksandersokal5279 I wrote about a different battle. Artur mentioned he'd be glad to watch a documentary about the Battle of Khotyn, so I recalled an incredibly successful charge which took place there. The Turks tried to scare the defenders, so they made a show of force right before the sunset, and took all of their army into the field. Chodkiewicz decided to send a few banners out, probably just to prevent the loss of morale, but it all went so well, that the Turks were routed off the field. The route was never fully exploited, because Chodkiewicz suspected it was a trick of sorts. It was getting dark anyway.
@@bakters There were two great Polish victories at Chocim, one in 1621 and another in 1673. Both involved charges of Polish cavalry including the Winged Hussars. The one you are talking was in 1621, which could have been far more decisive for the Polish side if Chodkiewicz was given more freedom in command and his sub-commanders did not worry as much about the outcome. The exact action you are talking about was when about 20,000 Siphasi cavalry and Janissaries were advancing on the Polish positions and Chodkiewicz responded by sending about 1,000 Winged Hussars, which resulted in the rout of the Ottoman assault.
@@aleksandersokal5279 "could have been far more decisive [...] did not worry as much about the outcome" Easy to say, isn't it? For all they knew about warfare, it looked very suspicious. I do not blame them one bit for staying cautious. What if it really *was* a trap? Anyway, Sikora writes it was Chodkiewicz's decision. "Chodkiewicz responded by sending about 1,000 Winged Hussars" You are wrong on that. While I don't remember the exact number of troops which took part in this action, I do remember that the brunt of the Turkish attack was born by the reiters. They had it rough for a while, so it wasn't just Hussars. And that the total number was smaller than what you say here. 4 or 5 banners? That's like 400 in total, if you merely include the customary "ghost portions"? Closer to that, I guess. Oh, I think Sikora discussed the force disproportion, I just recalled that. I think he claimed it was 48:1? Damn, It bugs me I don't remember. I have the books on another hard drive, but I recently lent the whole computer to someone, so I can't easily check what the research says.
I live in Vienna and 1683 is of course a very important part of our city's history. It is a real pleasure to watch such a well-researched and highly dramatic documentary. It would be great if you could also do a video of the lesser known first siege of 1529.
Love this and similar channels that do long format historical documentary style videos. Thanks for all the time, research, and video editing you do to bring us great content.
This channel has great artwork in the videos, it gives us a much better idea of what happened compared to just maps like other channels. Excellent work SandRhoman History!
I think if they took it, a fucking huge alliance would form. The entire HRE would focus on the reconquest. I see no way the german princess would let the ottomans hold vienna.
Köçekçe Sascha Goetzel Borusan Istanbul Philharmonic Orchestra London BBC Prom ....Watch and listen to this..im sure you will more enjoy Turkish classic music than Beethoven and Mozart
@@oguzkaganonder1331 40 Thousand Imperial Soldiers wouldn't be able to singehandedly defeat all of the Turks alone, in war it's not always about dealing physical damage but also to deal with fear. The Winged hussars charge made the defenders of Vienna inspired and instilled fear into the ottomans which made them run. Also there was Polish infantry there...
After describing the situation of Vienna in such detail, I hoped for the same when describing the battle. It is a pity, because there is something to talk about, the Turks made serious mistakes in their preparations to repel the relief, as well as in the battle itself. Kara mustafa ignored the advisers' suggestions to fortify Kahlenberg Hill, from where they were later fired upon by Allied artillery. The Turks neither noticed nor ignored the 6 km long belt of the forming Polish cavalry. It is also worth adding that there were no Lithuanians for whom Sobieski was waiting, and finally he went without them, 10 thousand of them were already on their way to Krakow.
Tatars were supposed to harass and hold Polish army when they were passing the bridge but they just watched doing nothing. Quarrel between Tatar Khan and Kara Mustafa lead to their doom. Kara Mustafa did not want to give Tatars any artillery pieces. Also they should have started the siege late April or Early May.
@@henryaybaz7409 Tatars harassed both Germans and Poles, capturing 20 captives and learning magnitude of relief army from them (they learned that it is 120.000). Main accusation toward Tatars is that they could stop relief army from crossing bridge over the Danube. They probably couldn't stop relief army, Tatar army is irregular force, only capable of scouting, skirmishing and raiding enemy territory.
A thirty minutes long video? Thanks, this just made my day! Keep up the good work, I'm just about to start the video but I already know this will be good. :)
There is an old inscription in the National Museum in Vienna: "The punishment for our sins is the Turk!" I forget what it was: a plaque, a medal? However, the moral is clear. A historic lesson already forgotten in Western Europe. So they will have to learn it again. And again. History is the teacher of the nations, whether they like it or not.
@@SandRhomanHistory I've learnt so much about the pike & shotte era which I barely ever knew about before thanks to your videos and for that I am genuinely thankful
@@billybob8257 Oida is an old austrian therm that you can describe as: dude in this particular sentence it is more like,: Hell no, i am not going again.
I enjoyed the video very much. Great story telling and graphics. Also love your sources (I have some of the books too), especially Eickhoff is phantastic. Keep up the great work!
FUMER No they couldn’t. They would be massacred. Sobieski and a force of circa 5.000 Polish cavalry were defeated by Ottoman cavalry only one month after the Battle of Vienna... They suffered around 1.000 casualties before they had escaped to the safety of the Imperial army, which had been a couple of kilometers away.
The brave relief army infantry did a lot of the brunt work, and the winged hussars delivered the coup de grâce. And no one can ignore the determined defenders of Vienna herself. A tragic, yet poetic event.
This may not be the right channel for that, but an overview of the Turkish incursions into Styria and Carinthia as well as the hinterlands of Vienna during both Sieges of Vienna would be pretty awesome.
Ottoman incursions, not turkish. Ottoman army and administration was made of different people. Albanians made in large the army and administration for example. You also had bosniaks and georgians later on.
@@kusturucu1015 This is Empire not national state. Ottoman Sultans never defined himself as Turk Sultan or Turk Khagan. They always said they are Caliph of Muslims. Ottoman's code is religion not race. Ottoman subject must be Muslim in order to be official (trainee to Grand Vizier) in Ottoman Empire. First Ottoman Sultan that praise Turks is 34th Sultan Abdülhamit 2 (1876-1909) because only Turks and some Muslim subject remained to obey Ottoman rule at this moment. Even Abdülhamit 2 wanted to make Arabic as official language. In Ottoman Empire, Turk means Anatolian peasant and Ottoman elite used Turk word as insult. Of course, Ottomans knew they are themselves Turks hereditarily but they thought themselves as superior to Turk populace.
@@torikeqi8710 majority of their army would have "conscripts". Poorely equipped, used for labour. That's why their numbers are always exaggerated as none combatants are always counted.
Something should also be said about the imperial army that, after marching two days through a forest without provisions, just stormed through the janissaries and then stopped to wait for the hussars to arrive.
@@oldrabbit8290 Well.. Even when neither side had ideal conditions it should still be impressive that the imperial army beat the Ottomans elite troops and drove them from defended positions. The hussars were impressive, but the imperial army definitely proved that european armies were just as good as the ottomans were supposed to be.
@@swietoslaw That sounds like a reasonable assumption. Discipline is important and it might have looked bad to try to finish a battle before the guy you asked to help and lead even has a chance to participate.
Depends on how you define it, after all they weren’t very cheap, the treaty was pretty good for Poland. The Austrians paid a lot of money to Poland and if the Ottomans would have attacked Krakow the Austrians would’ve had to help the Poles.
@@HingerlAlois sorry but austria didnt paid Poland, austria get money from Pope Rome, austria today wellcome islam and austria isnt good ally, they take Poland with prussia and russia some time after
@@HingerlAlois Most of the costs were taken by the Polish treasury, though Papal and Austrian funds also were sent to the Poles. Do not forget Habsburg army was also subsidized by the money from the Pope, so you have no point here really.
ehm, have you considered that the rohan cavalry charge was based upon these events? Lotr is heavily based upon actual events in the 20th century too, so it's not a far stretch at all
Austria also signed defensive treaties with other German states of the Holy Roman Empire for example Bavaria and Saxony. It first signed the defensive treaty (against France and the Ottomans) with the Electorate of Bavaria on 26.01.1683. On 31.03.1683 Austria signed the treaty with Poland. The Elector of Bavaria Maximilian Emanuel II. came to the help of the Austrians during the Siege of Vienna with round about 11.000 Bavarian troops. The Bavarian Army as a standing army was founded in 1682 (with 7 regiments of infantry, 2 regiments of dragoons, 4 regiments of heavy cavalry and an artillery corps). Maximilian Emanuel II. supported the war against the Ottomans also in the following years with tens of thousands of Bavarian troops and commanded the HRE troops when they conquered Belgrade in 1688. He then had to redeploy his troops against France due to the start of the Nine Years War, which lasted from 1688 to 1697.
Yes, a lot of German states sent infantry, and Bavaria sent a lot. Franconia, Swabia, Saxony, Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt (if I get these names wrong, please forgive me and correct where needed).
Gilmer They sent a mix of infantry and cavalry. Together the German states sent circa 21.500 infantry and 7.500 cavalry. They also sent some cannons, but I think most of them didn’t reach the battlefield due to the rough terrain.
It's a desperate race against the mine And a race against time Then the winged hussars arrived Coming down the mountainside Then the winged hussars arrived :::Patriotism Intensifies:::
*Brilliant little documentary - you've 100% earned my sub! Perhaps someone educated in History could answer for me:* *1. Did the Ottomons genuinely surround them?? Does it not seem a little stupid to siege a City like this?? I kinda agree with Sun Tzu that* it's always worth leaving an army an outlet to attempt to flee - to massively dampen moral, and promote mutiny, division and desertion?? In this respect I can understand the Ottoman Sultan's surprise, that Mustafa didn't instead conquer surrounding strongholds. *With hindsight, was attacking the City the best and correct thing to do???* *2. It's incredible how far West Asiatic armies have pushed in the past - especially when considering that before 700 - 1100 AD, most of the Middle East was Christian and Caucasian.* But within these few first centuries of Islam's birth, they had conquered 60%+ of Christian land. When you also consider, that Caucasians today make up less than 10% of the worlds population, and (that due to having not a single protected homeland - unlike every other race) Caucasians are trending to be minorities in their own countries by 2080, and be practically extinct by 2150... *It's truly remarkable the lengths these Western Caucasian Men went to, to protect their Revered lands - which our Jaaoosh Governments now hand over for free...* *One can only hope that their heroism and sacrifice was not in vain...* I wonder what would've been the reaction of the European Masses in 1600's, had Millions of War-Aged African and Arab Males tried strolling into their lands as "economic refugees"??? lol*
I wonder if this battle could have been Tolkien's inspiration for the siege of Minas Tirith? And the winged Hussars of Poland = the ridars of Rohan coming to their aid breaking the siege in the battle of Pelennor?
And somewhat similarly, the battle was won by the infantry army arriving by sea after Aragorn and his ghost army removed the pirate blockade, but everyone remembers the riders, even though they didn't scream "Death" upon seeing the size of the enemy army out of optimism
@Of Spear and Smoke Yes, I didn't say the ghosts were at the battle, the ghosts removed the Umbar blockade which allowed reinforcement from other regions of Gondor to arrive by ship.
@Of Spear and Smoke I am aware, that the Rohirrim were based on Anglo-Saxon culture. However the movies picture them more like the Vikings ...... But - I talk about the battle of Pelennor, where Rohirrim rides to the aid of Minas Tirith, who is surrounded by orcs, like Vienna was sieged by the muslims in 1683. Here jan Sobiesky broke the siege and prevented the muslim turks to take Vienna - thus turning the tide that finally drove the turks out of Europe. That is not an allegory - but it might have been what Tolkien was inspired of. Being a historian, he used inspiration from ww1, old Norse culture, Finnish folktales - and many other historic events. He also uses the Corsairs - which were islamic pirats from turkey and the Barbary-coast, who terrorised the Mediterranean and Atlantic oceans until mid-19.th century. So the Poles may be credited with saving Europe from becoming islamic. Thank you, Poland!
@@randomblacktemplar738 bunch of traitors, taken by a conquering empire to be used as the shock troops and administrators upon the very people they came from
Thanks for this! Not knowing much about this, I had always believed it was just the Winged Hussars who saved Vienna and never knew about the Duke of Lorraine.
@Alenas Kvasninas they hadn't. they took over zaolzie as it was disputed between poland and the czechs for some time. beyond that, the area had a significant polish population. and even after the war, the czechs got it back anyhow
Very interesting, thank you. Sadly, the sieges of Vienna were reduced to no more than a few boring sentences in history class so I knew very little, although many place names still reflect the ancient defensive works that lie beneath.
I keep thinking how overpowered hand grenades or mortar shells would be in the old times, it turns out people had much more creative ideas and did the unthinkable. I never knew they dug trenches to reach the second wall or used miners to go under the castle. Great content. Thank you
They used hand grenades back in 1683, of course not modern hand grenades, but for example they had hand grenades made out of glas filled with explosives. sammlung.wienmuseum.at/objekt/340191-handgranate/
At 25:49, this is a brilliant tactic. Sun Tzu said: "Attack when the enemy never suspected, taking the enemies off guard by surprise(攻其無備、出其不意)“. In 1939 German invasion of France and 1991 Gulf War, this tactic proved it's worth again and again. This video is way more interesting than the actual 2012 movie lol.
I live about 100 Meters from the place where Kara Mustafas tent was standing - your map is quite accurate, respect! (The silk string served him right...)
SandRhoman History good sir, would you ever consider making a video on the Siege of Suiyang? (757 CE I think) probably one of the most epic examples of why you don’t want to be stuck in a city when it’s under siege. Thank you for all your content, nothing helps my day like binging on history videos:)
Rewatching this I realize the cooperation between Emperor Leopold and King Sobieski was even closer then I first thought. Emperor Leopold ceded overall command to Sobieski, but on the eve of battle Sobieski went with Leopold's plan. This flexibility must have trickled down and allowed the coalition of armies to work together as the did during the battle.
@@Ask_a_Martyr During the battle of Samosierra in 1808 Napoleon Bonaparte said the words "Leave it to the Poles. Nothing is impossible for them". These words regarded a very risky charge during the battle. Of course, the Poles ended the charge with a success.
Edit: Correction: Portugal should not be marked as part of the Spanish Hapsburg territory.
These videos try to be accurate, represent different researchers’ viewpoints and still be as entertaining as possible. If you think this is valuable content, then please consider donating over on Patreon. Link: www.patreon.com/sandrhomanhistory
One of your best, I enjoyed that thoroughly most especially the research and sources. An excellent presentation 👍
This was far better then the coverage that extra credits did.
My favorite time period in history was around this era, the powder wars.
Glad I found you
The best and most comprehensive presentation of this historic event.
Might I suggest the cossacks or a series on the swabian wars
@@medievalist8441 the swabian would be great although not really discussed a lot.
My house was built in 1620. I look at it and think to myself wow. My house was 63 years old when the siege of Vienna happened
Given your name and flag, I'd say it's not needed at all to place your ears against your basement walls, so rest safe :-)
A 40 year old house in Canada is due for a tear down and redo!
If walls could speak, eh? ;)
Cool.
I hope your house has undergone some upgrades since then... Your 17th century toilet was paved over years ago, I'm sure.
All joking aside, I am curious as to what kind of building it is that you call your house... Is it brick? Stone? Wood? Most people don't have such an old dwelling.
1683 - "those poles are really brave people, they helped us, our friends.
1772 - "Poland is divided by Austria,Russian and Prussia".
realpolitik
New leaders, different alliances, different politics.
If Austria hadn't taken anything Prussia and Russia would've. Realpolitik as the other guy puts it
@@freekmulder3662 And the Austrian Empress reportedly even cried on taking! xD
Why do Poles always say that like austria could have done anything about the partition. Eternal crybabies
Pretty much the same happenned with Hungary.
If it wasn't for the help of the Hungarian and Cuman forces of Ladislaus IV. in the Battle on the Marchfeld (1278) the "poor count" from Swabian Habsburg Castle, Rudolf I. of Habsburg would not had been able to secure his possession of the Duchies of Austria and Styria, the very foundation of House of Habsburg's power base.
And how that ended? Hungary also got riped to pieces in the 16th century with one part ruled by the Habsburgs for centuries.
I would say the moral of the story is to NOT help out the Habsburgs, but actually that's just politics, as so many already pointed it out here.
For Sobieski, the fights against the Ottoman Empire had also personal, not only political or religious aspect.
His ancestor was Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, whose last-stand fight, in battle of Cecora 1620, is well known in the history of Poland. Żólkiewski died in age of 72 with a saber in his hand as a hero defending the country's borders. Sobieski's mother taught her sons Latin on the example of the inscriptions covering the tomb of their great ancestor. The uncle and brother of king Jan were killed by Tatars. Jan himself was born in a castle surrounded by the raging Tatar invasion.
The fight against the Tatars and the Turks, one could say, was this man's destiny.
Except from the Battle of Vienna his other victories are little known to history enthusiasts in countries different than Poland. Among that victories are brilliant counter-raid around the city of Lwów against the overwhelming strength of Tatar raiders in 1672, and in the next year battle of Khotyn where the 40,000 Turkish army was literally annihilated.
Nevertheless, Sobieski didn't hate or prejudice his muslim enemies. He enjoyed a Janissary music and even had his own Janissary orchestra made of Turkish POW's.
Poles and Turks met each other for hundreds of years in trade, diplomacy and on many battlefields*, but they could respect each other, even as enemies.
*(probably first time in Battle of Kosovo 1389, where some Polish knights supported the Serbian army)
Finally a historic review that doesn't reek of nationalism or outright hate.
I’ve never heard of POW musicians until now, and it sounds hilarious to me. You win a glorious victory, take many POWs, and instead of ransoming them or releasing them, you’re like “Sing me a song”
The last paragraph is true. The Polish were Turkophiles and loved everything Ottoman. And since they defeated the Ottomans several times they had plenty of Ottomans stuff. The helmets and swords were inspired/copied from the Ottomans (and potentially improved upon). There is a book about this.
Didn't that siege of Lviv end when Tatars and Cossacks were paid a ransom?
@@Giagantus Indeed! The clothing style of the Polish and Lithuanian/Ruthenian nobility was heavily inspired by Ottoman elements. And until this day there is a considerable section of the Wawel Castle Museum of Kraków displaying Ottoman treasures won in those wars: tents, art, jewellery, pottery and so on. And, at the same time, there is respect.
"and Poland will answer"
*Theoden likes this element*
A rohirrim has entered the chat.
:D
That was such an epic statement!
yex
What is interesting is that Tolkien based siege of Minas Tirith on siege of Vienna, so this comment is really accurate.
And after 112 years, the Austrians visited Krakow and, enchanted by its beauty, stayed there for almost 123 years ;)
Lol
@@Ask_a_Martyr not true. Byzantines. Romans. Greeks. So on Europe has always had advantages in civilization and powerful countries
@@Ask_a_Martyr 1750, industrial revolution is what gave fuel to the engine of European power. Before that Europe was gambling HARD with a mostly empty hand.
@@Ask_a_Martyr the European ethos is really made of:
Saxon business sense,
Viking diplomacy and
Catholic fervor.
@@Ask_a_Martyr makbe turkey is european?
Two of My ancestors were Winged Hussars at Vienna. They were minor nobility and were in the First Banner (First Company). My father has one of the szabla (saber). Niech żyje Polska!
Gotta say, that's pretty cool. Hope ya doin well.
That is fucking awesome!!!
I see a bit of ambivalence, tho im happy to hear support and a connection to our common heritage, I also see the red-black of Bandera (OUN/UPA) responsible for the Volhynian Genocide.
Taaa ... Mówisz niech żyje Polska z banderowska flagą ... Czyli tą z którą twoi dziadkowie mordowali moich ...
My Brother! I as well have an ancestor who was with the Hussars at Vienna. It took me quite a good while to research and confirm that particular part of the family history. It was always passed down through us as a fact, and we just accepted it as such. Then I studied and became an historian and decided that I wanted to find out how legitimate that family story was. It turned out to be fairly accurate when all things considered.
Moral of the story:
Siege warfare sucks.
even more sucks prolonged siege warfare
-sun tzu (kinda)
Vid mentioned an Ottoman 21 YEAR siege of a city, goddamn
Also, death by silk string lol
@@skyhappy No blood spilt.
Ww1 western front in a nutshell
I just realized where the expression "to undermine" comes from
Holy shit
Min(e)d: Blown!
OMG! That just blew my mine.
@@stayhungry1503 Nice
Also, why a 'mine' is both the tunnel that is dug as the explosive device at the end of it.
Interesting tidbit: Just as a huge number of soldiers in the Ottoman army were Christians (Hungarian, and even English, French, German, and Dutch Protestants as well as Serbs and other Orthodox troops), one of the most effective elements in the Polish army were the Muslim Lipka Tatars. Once he got home after the Siege of Vienna, the Polish king happily ordered the building of mosques for his Lipka Tatar vassals.
Many of these mosques still stand today, and Muslim Lipka Tatar cavalrymen were still serving in the Polish army as late as World War Two, with new inductees into the Lipka Tatar lancer regiment swearing their oath of service in Islamic style. If I’m not mistaken, a monument to the Muslim Lipka Tatar cavalry was also unveiled some years ago in Poland.
Very interesting.
wow mashallah
After this defeat I do not know how long later Poland wiped out of map! Divided 4 and never existed for a long time.Only 1 super power stand strongly against it! Ottoman turks...They always kept polish flags during meeting with the other europeans! After the russian attacks to poland a lot of polish elites and military officers took refuge in ottomans.and those officers helped a lot to turks to modernise their army.They did really good job.Some of them became even moslems, some of them became statesman or military high rank pashas ( sort of general, high rank officers, commanders) . History is sometimes very funny and strange! One the greatest poetr of Modern Turkey is Nazim Hikmet is a great great grandson of polish officer who took refugee in ottomans. I deeply thanks to polish nation for giving gift to us Nazim Hikmet.
This is new info to me. I know Muslim kipchaks have had a long history in Eastern Europe but I never knew they fought the Ottomans on behalf of the Poles in this siege. The more you know...
@@ergunyildizoglu8018 They took refuge in a lot of countries actually.
Everybody gangsta untill the mountainside starts speaking polish.
Everybody gangsta until the earth starts speaking turkish.
@@Notmyname1593 Turkey got it's ass kicked at Vienna twice, got wrecked at Malta and was pushed out of Europe completely. Good luck getting the "world" to speak Turkish.
@@Progen77 Apparently earth means Earth to you, but okay.
I doubt the defenders of Vienna would have agreed with you either.
@@Progen77 way to many Ö and Ü in turkish... most people would rather die than learn turkish. . and this as an Austrian, who uses ö and ü too.
@@Notmyname1593 u mean the sappers ?
Vienna: "We'll keep the coffee as compensation"
And so a century long addiction started, and coffee culture swept over most of Europe. Who needs gold when you can have caffeine?
That’s not true.
Coffee houses existed in several European cities (also in nowadays Germany) already prior to this battle.
It wasn’t their first time with coffee, but legend has it that it was the start of adidng milk to coffee (and another legend is this siege being the inspiration to the shape of the modern croissant).
@@v4enthusiast541 you need toolook on google, stepans dom mit halbmond and you see some true like the emblem of siena in italy, if you can
Coffee brought to Europe through the Ottomans, and coffee word came from the Arabic word “qahwa”
Search it your self.
@@NawafAlsulaiman kawa you say in ukraina to kaffee
Considering how relatively recent , large/long and potentially worldchanging The Sieges of Vienna were. The absence of the sieges from our schools history books especially in europe, is a mystery to me. Underated in every way !
Good point, but it’s no mystery. It’s purposeful. The education establishment has been taken over by the Left, which opposes western civilization and is seeking to destroy it from within.
1620 is not relatively recent when it comes to history. The more recent sth is, the more about it is taught.
That said, I'm pretty sure this battle was mentioned in my history classes.
@@pamtnman1515
I could equally claim that it's taken over by the right, because of all of the stuff about colonialism not mentioned. You can't put everything into the curriculum. If people know that the Ottomans tried and failed to push into Europe at around that time, that's good enough.
@@MrCmon113 uhhhh yeah. Sure. History taken over by “the right.” Which is why western history books and classes everywhere promote leftist ideology. And which colonialism are you mentioning here? The one in the Middle East where a toxic mix of Arab colonialism and Islamic imperialism resulted in one of the world’s greatest genocides and ethnic cleansings? That one? Or maybe the Ottoman Empire colonialism? Or maybe the Chinese empire? Or the Russian empire? Or perhaps the KwaZulu expansionism against Bantu Africans, not to mention the widespread tribal conflicts across Africa with all the attendant slave trading and mass murdering? You leave so many “colonial” periods open for selecting, but we know which one you subjectively choose, because you are an anti western leftist. That brief window in fairly modern history where Europeans expanded beyond their immediate borders, just as every other ethnicity and language group has done since time immemorial
@@pamtnman1515 European colonialism rightly deserves the scrutiny and scorn it now receives. It is a testament to the strength of modern culture that we can apply such introspection and move forward rather than fall rapidly into irrelevance with the sort of ethnocentric navel-gazing promoted by present-day degenerate "conservatives." Standard bearers of Western culture they are most certainly not.
This channel is so underrated.
NO. It's Staggeringly Underrated....
Sadly people only seem to watch the exact same ww2 channels over and over again, this era just isnt as popular enough.
I'm underrated.
*Who DO you LOVE the MOST????? Nancy PeLosi or HeLLary CLinton????*
@@Ask_a_Martyr what
The coolest part about this battle is that it really was like something out of a movie in a sense that the relief force arrived at literally the last possible moment. If they arrived a day later Vienna would've fallen
Yes, and then they would just have shattered the ottoman army anyway and besieged the city and retaken it right away since there was already siege work, while the ottomans were out of supplies.
It was also the largest cavalry charge in history.
Tolkien used it as an inspiration for the chapter "Ride of the Rohirrim" in Lord of the Rings. It's one hell of a chapter, but the history is one hell of a story as well.
@@aksmex2576 Thta is true but the Vienesse sure where happy to see the relif army arrive sooner rather than later
@@aitoriri1 sometimes they exaggerate in history things. With how close they were to defeat to make their look more epic. This channel has thaught us that sieges last as long as the defenders want them to. Knowing that there is a relief army, they probably would have held for much longer.
Knowing that the ottomans later still had significant military strength suggests that they did perhaps withdraw intactly as they were never pursued.
WOW! I had read about this battle, but was a bit fuzzy on the details. This video really helped me understand what exactly went on, who was involved, and the structure of forts. Thank you so much for putting this together! I'm sharing it with a history class I'm teaching.
It was not mentioned in video, but Sobieski delayed his departue from Poland because the lithuanian forces that were supposed to reinforce king's army did not arrive on time. That's why Sobieski brought only half of the force from PLC he promised.
It really seems that the Battle of Pelennor fields was modeled after this battle, as Theoden also has only a half of the force he hoped to gather.
"Stand by for Sabaton references by the bucket load."
25:37 WHEN THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVE
@@drakoslayd I w-i-l-l resist, my preciousss
...THEN THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVED!
It only takes 25 seconds to ARRIVE
*_THEN THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVED!_*
*_COMING DOWN THE MOUNTAINSIDE!!_*
Ahhh, now I feel better! We Sabatonians have to do it. It's in our nature. 🤘😁🍺
ewww Sabaton
This video was sooooo helpful for my presentation about the battle of Vienna, thank you so much
As an Austrian I've been eagerly awaiting this. Thanks!
@Egon Erwin Zwiebelkuchen I see you've been watching too much redpill UA-cam.
@@FieldMarshalYT Thanks for the assist! Trolls so eager to ruin everything including military history with their politics
I'm a Pole and sometimes this is interesting to see a different point of view of one battle .Probably this battle see differently Poles ,Austrian and Turkish
@Egon Erwin Zwiebelkuchen wenn es
@@FieldMarshalYT Vienna stopped building a monument for Sobiecki and the Winged Husars because of the turkish population.
The battle for Minas Tirith in real life.
Truly staggering
Nope. This is the battle of Helms deep. Siege of Belgrade in 1456 was Minas Tirith thing.
@@MusicSaves89 Did you read the books? It seems you have seen only the movies...
I wouldn't be surprised if they took inspiration out of this battle. Also, the siege of Paris was broken by a relief army in 885 like this, though smaller.
@@MusicSaves89 Siege of Siget was the ispiration for Helms Deep (there it was played out with final charge of the defenders), secend siege of Wien was inspiration for Minas Tirith.
"Oida, I'm not going again!" got me pretty well 😄👏🏽
for 200 gulden I'm doing it!
Oida nice austian Easter egg.
oida sepp ;)
Lol Man 😂
oida Hansi
Clicked on the notification faster than the Habsburg reinforcement
You could write this comment in weeks and still be correct :D
That's not that fast
that's not saying much lol
🤣🤣🤣🤣🔥
that's not a high bar
Siege of Vienna, 1529...
Sultan Suleiman: "In two weeks, I'll be having breakfast in your cathedral"...
The day came and... passed: letter from Viennese:
"ARE YOU COMING? YOUR BREAKFAST IS GETTING COLD"...
Now, that's some world-class taunting...
Some goes to the british general who thought he would have his afternoon tea in istanbul
@@umuqn1260 But he had it :D
@@jakubjary9052 treaty of lousanne begs to tells otherwise😉
@The one and only what is proper? It is called istanbul now. We are not living in 1800s
@@umuqn1260 he had it in a nice cafe overlooking the Suez instead
The message has been sent! Austria calls for aid!
And Poland will answer!
Muster the Holy League !!!!!!
100 years later Austria betrayed Poland...
@@pittnyc1 .....everyone betrayed Poland at some point, even America.
Its absolutely tragic.
@Somarik Green 1918 something about zaolzie
Gotta love how the infantry did 80% of the work but it's the winged hussars who achieved memetic levels of praise.
But Rohan did answer and that was the most important thing ;)
Yeah, they are very well known because of the meme i guess, they were important for sure but a lot of fighting was done by the Imperials / Germans.
@@SandRhomanHistory Maybe you could answer some of my comments?
"infantry did 80% of the work"
You mean, the Turks were 80% broken already? 20% more infantry would secure the day, heh?
In other words, the Hussars took the praise, because it was them who made the victory possible. Infantry can't annihilate infantry, only push them out. For total victory you need cavalry. For a decisive breakthrough, you need shock cavalry.
@@bakters Every time I see a video on this, most of them say the infantry was fought to a standstill. They did engage early, and they were winning, but the death blow came from the 18,000 (I have read as much as 30,000) cavalry from ALL the armies, spearheaded by 3,000 Winged Hussars. So, I am unsure why people think the Hussars get all the credit.
History: *Exists*
Sabaton: Write that down, write that down!
Easier than writing stuff about dragons and beer I guess…
@@jonathanwells223History is cooler than fiction except if its warhammer
9:00 really? Did you seriously do that reference? Well played.
*salutes in proudness*
:)
What's the reference?
@@cukrux8376 Lord of the Rings:
- (Messenger) The beacons are lit, Gondor calls for help!
- (Theoden) *_And Rohan will answer._* Muster the Rohirrim...
Thought it was a Sabaton reference
I am enjoying this with a cup of coffee. Thank you, Poland!
You're welcome
🇦🇹🤮🤮🤮
After Vienna the Ottomans had their eyes on Rome. This was a Pivotal period of time in Western Europe history. It stopped the western expansion of Islam. I have Much Love for the Polish People and the Winged Hussars. T$
And why did terrible Usama Bin Laden attack New York the same day 11th of September?
Well done The Holy League and The Polish-Lithuanian troups under The European saveour King Sobieski and the legendary The Winged Hussars.
@@pederlettstroem980 Because the 11 of september is officaly(by hisstory) date which means fall of ottoman empires and stop spread islam. Bin Laden took this date because of symbolism.
Poland made a mistake to help its German enemies and paid a price for that. Austria deserves to be ruled by the Turks.
@@05KAR Sure thing, Turk.
@@jakubjary9052 well that's a fucking lie,they didn't officially fall till November of 1924.
this was one of the most important battles in last 500 years
Eh doubt it. Its more of a meme with the hussars and all that
Nope
Zenta was more decisive
@@pinkpenzu stopping the Ottomans cold in their tracks, no big deal or nothing.
@@pinkpenzu yup, it's got to the point where simpletons are just calling anything they don't like a meme, oh well
@@pinkpenzu
Halting the expansion of the Ottoman Empire and the Islamofication of Europe is a really big thing.
9:00
Lord of the Rings reference, now please allow me to indulge myself.
Edit -> Kara Mustafa: Together, my Sultan Mehmed, we shall rule this Europe. The old world will burn in the fires of Janissaries. Castles will fall. A new order will rise. We will drive the machine of war with the sword and the spear and the iron fist of the Ottomans.
Ottomans: One does not simply walk into Vienna.
Leopold: *Asks for help*
Von Starhemberg: If by my life or death I can protect you, I will. You have my sword...
Duke of Lorraine: and you have my bow
Rimpler:
and my axe.
Saxons: You carry the fate of us all, little one. If this is indeed the will of the Council, then Saxony will see it done.
Duke of Lorraine: A red sun rises, blood has been spilled this night.
Edit -> Kara Mustafa: A new power is rising. Its victory is at hand. This night the land will be stained with the blood of Austria. March to Vienna. Leave none alive. To war!
Rimpler: Lorraine! Two already!
Duke of Lorraine: I'm on seventeen!
Jan Sobieski: Arise, arise, My Winged Hussars!
spear shall be shaken, shield shall be splintered,
a sword-day, a red day, ere the sun rises!
Ride now, ride now, ride! Ride for Vienna and the world's ending!
Death! Death! Death!
Forth Husaria!
Changed order -> Kara Mustafa: My precious!!!!
Edit: I am taking notes from the replies, if you have anything to add, do add it below.
Not sure where i read it, but someone somewhere claimed that Tolkien actually took the siege of vienna as inspiration for the siege of Minas Tirith.
@@nirfz Tolkien takes inspiration from a lot of historical/mythological events, I wouldn't be surprised if he had inspiration from this battle too.
You didn't have to do Mustafa like that
Change the last "Hussars" for a more correct and polish "Husaria" to match the Eorlingas instead of rohirrim, and I shall make a paint of this comment to hang from my bedroom wall.
@Abu Troll al cockroachistan And still Orks they are even in 2020.
"And then strangled him with a silk string" *Cheerful aspirational music starts playing*
Made me laugh
29:40 for anyone searching for it
did the winged hussars arrive yet?
1605 yers Kircholm 3000 Polisch and Lituanian husars vs 13000 Sweden Victory Poland and Lituanian. 1610 yers Kluszyno 2700 Polisch husars vs 35000 Rusian and Sweden Victory Poland. Polisch and Lituanian husars the best cavalry in the World.
Yes. They arrieved on the tick to plunder ottomans camp when the fighting was allready done.
In the minds of poles, this is the bravest moment in polish history.
@@karlquenzer8194 As if Ottomans did not plunder their opponents as well lol. Someone sounds butthurt.
@@bohunbohun6679 no cavalry is tougher then the steppe people
Loved it. I've studied this siege. Watched several videos. Heard many perspectives. Your compilation of info into a full documentary is a great success. You did that in a half hour production! Cheers! Thanks
This is the first video I have seen that goes in depth into the siege. Very well done, thank you!
I like how your guys walk funny
ikr that's the best thing
They walked like that back in the Renaissance
They almost Walk Like An Egyptian.
@@Norseraider84 Damn, you beat me to it.
I like how your momma walk funny.
Kara Mustafa Pasha gets letter from the Sultan.
Letter reads: "You have failed me for the last time"
Kara Mustafa then force chokes to death
How very dare you sir
To compare Lord Vader to such a savage its blasphemy lol
If the Ottoman Sultan is Darth Vader, then who is Obi wan?
@@ShahjahanMasood Emperor Constantine?
ws kind of seppuku, very honourable
Not at all. Kara Mustafa Pasha and the Sultan where lovers and had a wonderful time in Bed together that night..
King Sobieski, hero of Europa. God bless our Polish brothers from Ireland. We have a lot of Poles here and we get on so well our children are indistinguishable.
Fantastic content! Your academic rigor and focus on the Early Modern Era certainly fills a void. I only realized (thanks to your crediting historians) that one of my favorite books is from Christopher Duffy - "Siege Warfare". I haven't read the other historians you mention, but I can recommend Duffy as being as entertaining as your videos. Mentioning sources really separates "wheat from chaff" in history UA-cam videos; it respects the "shoulders of giants" that spent lifetimes bent over the primary sources so we can be informed and entertained at our leisure.
Awesome video! Gives a holistic view of the whole battle, not just that one epic arrival. I especially appreciate the inclusion of the story of Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, even though you butchered the name a bit. ;D
It would be also great to see a similar video (or two) about the battles of Chocim / Khotyn (Хотин) in 1621 and 1673, especially the first one, they deserve to get more attention in my opinion.
Especially the episode, when several banners of Hussars and ritters swept the whole Turkish army off the field. The marshall himself couldn't believe in this success, so he forbade the pursuit, fearing it's a ruse. The day when the flower of Turkish youth died, as they later wrote.
@@bakters To be exact it was 3,000 Polish Winged Hussars, 8,000 Polish Pancerny Cavalry, 2,400 Polish Light Cavalry, 500 Polish Arquebusiers and about 5,000 Imperial and German Cavalry that made the decisive charge (at Vienna).
@@aleksandersokal5279 I wrote about a different battle. Artur mentioned he'd be glad to watch a documentary about the Battle of Khotyn, so I recalled an incredibly successful charge which took place there.
The Turks tried to scare the defenders, so they made a show of force right before the sunset, and took all of their army into the field. Chodkiewicz decided to send a few banners out, probably just to prevent the loss of morale, but it all went so well, that the Turks were routed off the field.
The route was never fully exploited, because Chodkiewicz suspected it was a trick of sorts. It was getting dark anyway.
@@bakters There were two great Polish victories at Chocim, one in 1621 and another in 1673. Both involved charges of Polish cavalry including the Winged Hussars. The one you are talking was in 1621, which could have been far more decisive for the Polish side if Chodkiewicz was given more freedom in command and his sub-commanders did not worry as much about the outcome. The exact action you are talking about was when about 20,000 Siphasi cavalry and Janissaries were advancing on the Polish positions and Chodkiewicz responded by sending about 1,000 Winged Hussars, which resulted in the rout of the Ottoman assault.
@@aleksandersokal5279 "could have been far more decisive [...] did not worry as much about the outcome"
Easy to say, isn't it? For all they knew about warfare, it looked very suspicious. I do not blame them one bit for staying cautious. What if it really *was* a trap?
Anyway, Sikora writes it was Chodkiewicz's decision.
"Chodkiewicz responded by sending about 1,000 Winged Hussars"
You are wrong on that. While I don't remember the exact number of troops which took part in this action, I do remember that the brunt of the Turkish attack was born by the reiters. They had it rough for a while, so it wasn't just Hussars.
And that the total number was smaller than what you say here. 4 or 5 banners? That's like 400 in total, if you merely include the customary "ghost portions"? Closer to that, I guess.
Oh, I think Sikora discussed the force disproportion, I just recalled that. I think he claimed it was 48:1? Damn, It bugs me I don't remember.
I have the books on another hard drive, but I recently lent the whole computer to someone, so I can't easily check what the research says.
I live in Vienna and 1683 is of course a very important part of our city's history. It is a real pleasure to watch such a well-researched and highly dramatic documentary.
It would be great if you could also do a video of the lesser known first siege of 1529.
Az ama en önemlisi oydu ilk kuşatma başarılı olsaydı suan baska bır dünya vardı
@@gokhancelik2934 if but talks hahahha ulan
WE REMEMBER
IN SEPTEMBER
WHEN THE WINGED HUSSARS ARRIVED!
@Rabbit 1000a they died, but not from laugher
Love this video! Especially because its about my homeland, Austria.
🇵🇱❤️🇹🇷, 🇦🇹🤮🤮🤮
Love this and similar channels that do long format historical documentary style videos. Thanks for all the time, research, and video editing you do to bring us great content.
Winnged Hussar arrive
Austrian Soldier: LEEEEEEROY JEEEEENKINS!!!!!!
ha ha, it's quite easy to imagine that :)
ISL4M!C B4RB4RIANS FLEE 0UT!!!
It's says I can translate this to English. Apparently those word arent English. It doesn't change it btw
This channel has great artwork in the videos, it gives us a much better idea of what happened compared to just maps like other channels. Excellent work SandRhoman History!
Then the Winged Hussars arrived!
Coming down the mountainside!
Then the Winged Hussars arrived!
Coming down they turned the tide!
🇵🇱❤️🇹🇷, 🇦🇹🤮🤮🤮
Absolutely great presentation. And congratulation on almost perfect pronunciation of foreign names.
Thanks man!
If the Ottomans took over Vienna then they would not be the capital of great Classical music! Thank God for saving Vienna!
I think if they took it, a fucking huge alliance would form. The entire HRE would focus on the reconquest. I see no way the german princess would let the ottomans hold vienna.
Köçekçe Sascha Goetzel Borusan Istanbul Philharmonic Orchestra London BBC Prom ....Watch and listen to this..im sure you will more enjoy Turkish classic music than Beethoven and Mozart
@@bourack004 Don't make me laugh Turk!
@@VLSMITH1000 Did you listen? if you did not shut up.
@@bourack004 Jesus help you!
"And the Winged Hussars...were kinda late, actually."
They do not arrive early or late. They arrive exactly when they mean to.
@@bravomike4734 nope winged hussars literaly did nothing lmao watch the video, İmperial army did it all as ı see here
@@oguzkaganonder1331 40 Thousand Imperial Soldiers wouldn't be able to singehandedly defeat all of the Turks alone, in war it's not always about dealing physical damage but also to deal with fear. The Winged hussars charge made the defenders of Vienna inspired and instilled fear into the ottomans which made them run. Also there was Polish infantry there...
@@oguzkaganonder1331 Its a LOTR reference, quit being stinky
@@extrage3061 gdyby dało się cofnąć czas i namówić Sobieskiego aby nie pomagał helmutom. Jestem ciekaw jak ładnie by chodzili na łańcuchach u Turków
After describing the situation of Vienna in such detail, I hoped for the same when describing the battle. It is a pity, because there is something to talk about, the Turks made serious mistakes in their preparations to repel the relief, as well as in the battle itself. Kara mustafa ignored the advisers' suggestions to fortify Kahlenberg Hill, from where they were later fired upon by Allied artillery. The Turks neither noticed nor ignored the 6 km long belt of the forming Polish cavalry.
It is also worth adding that there were no Lithuanians for whom Sobieski was waiting, and finally he went without them, 10 thousand of them were already on their way to Krakow.
yes, i was surprised no one was talking about this...
Tatars were supposed to harass and hold Polish army when they were passing the bridge but they just watched doing nothing. Quarrel between Tatar Khan and Kara Mustafa lead to their doom. Kara Mustafa did not want to give Tatars any artillery pieces. Also they should have started the siege late April or Early May.
@@henryaybaz7409 Tatars harassed both Germans and Poles, capturing 20 captives and learning magnitude of relief army from them (they learned that it is 120.000). Main accusation toward Tatars is that they could stop relief army from crossing bridge over the Danube. They probably couldn't stop relief army, Tatar army is irregular force, only capable of scouting, skirmishing and raiding enemy territory.
A thirty minutes long video? Thanks, this just made my day! Keep up the good work, I'm just about to start the video but I already know this will be good. :)
The next time in my life when I am in a very difficult situation and I see no way out, I will say to myself , “where are my winged hussars ?”
There is an old inscription in the National Museum in Vienna: "The punishment for our sins is the Turk!" I forget what it was: a plaque, a medal? However, the moral is clear. A historic lesson already forgotten in Western Europe. So they will have to learn it again. And again. History is the teacher of the nations, whether they like it or not.
Based
F4KE PR0PHET M0H4MMED F0LL0WER IS S0URCE 0F S!N!!!
Spot on
What an epic video, as always, thank you for your content!
Nice to hear that! Thanks!
@@SandRhomanHistory I've learnt so much about the pike & shotte era which I barely ever knew about before thanks to your videos and for that I am genuinely thankful
Thank you! That was a great video of an amazing siege. A story worthy of a song...
"Oida, i am not going again."
ha ha ha ha!
Being from Vienna i appreciate that statement ;)
I didn’t get it
@@billybob8257 Oida is an old austrian therm that you can describe as: dude
in this particular sentence it is more like,: Hell no, i am not going again.
@@jonasgrunberger3381 so funny 🤣😂 This is the best thing about the video
I was on the edge of my seat through this!
15:06
"OIDA" Detected!
Thank you for adding this tiny bit of viennese slang in your video.
Its like an easter egg in a marvel film :)
I enjoyed the video very much. Great story telling and graphics. Also love your sources (I have some of the books too), especially Eickhoff is phantastic. Keep up the great work!
Patton: Fixed fortifications are monuments to the stupidity of man.
Defenders of Vienna: Hold my coffee.
"So you'll be in the first wave then, sir?" (gets shot)
we'll see what will be in another 250 years...
It´s astonishing how thrilling this video was although everybody already knows the outcome of that famous battle- Kudos for authors of this channel👍
The cavalry charge involved around 18.000 soldiers (~12.000 Polish and ~6.000 German/Austrian), only 3.000 of them were Winged Hussars...
Yeah but he has to appease Sabaton's fanboys otherwise his video would have been disliked into oblivion by their army of 12 year old fans
@@charleshamilton1291 12 year or 50?
@@chainehistoire7616 YES
3000 of them could probably beat the other 15000 in a combat
FUMER
No they couldn’t.
They would be massacred.
Sobieski and a force of circa 5.000 Polish cavalry were defeated by Ottoman cavalry only one month after the Battle of Vienna...
They suffered around 1.000 casualties before they had escaped to the safety of the Imperial army, which had been a couple of kilometers away.
i know the story, ive seen many versions of it, i still click as if it was the first time i have heard of it.
The brave relief army infantry did a lot of the brunt work, and the winged hussars delivered the coup de grâce. And no one can ignore the determined defenders of Vienna herself. A tragic, yet poetic event.
This may not be the right channel for that, but an overview of the Turkish incursions into Styria and Carinthia as well as the hinterlands of Vienna during both Sieges of Vienna would be pretty awesome.
I was reading Syria in the first moment.
Ottoman incursions, not turkish. Ottoman army and administration was made of different people. Albanians made in large the army and administration for example. You also had bosniaks and georgians later on.
@@torikeqi8710 And their masters were Turks, its still a Turkish empire
@@kusturucu1015 This is Empire not national state. Ottoman Sultans never defined himself as Turk Sultan or Turk Khagan. They always said they are Caliph of Muslims. Ottoman's code is religion not race. Ottoman subject must be Muslim in order to be official (trainee to Grand Vizier) in Ottoman Empire. First Ottoman Sultan that praise Turks is 34th Sultan Abdülhamit 2 (1876-1909) because only Turks and some Muslim subject remained to obey Ottoman rule at this moment. Even Abdülhamit 2 wanted to make Arabic as official language. In Ottoman Empire, Turk means Anatolian peasant and Ottoman elite used Turk word as insult. Of course, Ottomans knew they are themselves Turks hereditarily but they thought themselves as superior to Turk populace.
@@torikeqi8710 majority of their army would have "conscripts". Poorely equipped, used for labour. That's why their numbers are always exaggerated as none combatants are always counted.
Something should also be said about the imperial army that, after marching two days through a forest without provisions, just stormed through the janissaries and then stopped to wait for the hussars to arrive.
well, the Ottoman were also low in provision, and had been fighting non-stop for months.. they were not in the ideal condition either..
@@oldrabbit8290 Well.. Even when neither side had ideal conditions it should still be impressive that the imperial army beat the Ottomans elite troops and drove them from defended positions. The hussars were impressive, but the imperial army definitely proved that european armies were just as good as the ottomans were supposed to be.
@@mennorach And that why they waited for Polish army? ;)
@@swietoslaw That sounds like a reasonable assumption. Discipline is important and it might have looked bad to try to finish a battle before the guy you asked to help and lead even has a chance to participate.
@@mennorach Right, not becasue Polish forces made deciding blow
I can't say it enough, love your style so much.
Moral of the story: Poland is a good ally!
Depends on how you define it, after all they weren’t very cheap, the treaty was pretty good for Poland.
The Austrians paid a lot of money to Poland and if the Ottomans would have attacked Krakow the Austrians would’ve had to help the Poles.
@@HingerlAlois sorry but austria didnt paid Poland, austria get money from Pope Rome, austria today wellcome islam and austria isnt good ally, they take Poland with prussia and russia some time after
@You Nes So why Austria fight with islam? Austria should be Turkey
@@HingerlAlois Most of the costs were taken by the Polish treasury, though Papal and Austrian funds also were sent to the Poles. Do not forget Habsburg army was also subsidized by the money from the Pope, so you have no point here really.
@@adaspaker8404 sorry but you lost soo you can't have Austria
Vienna calls for aid
And Poland will answer! THAT lotr reference I love this channel
ehm, have you considered that the rohan cavalry charge was based upon these events? Lotr is heavily based upon actual events in the 20th century too, so it's not a far stretch at all
What a good, good video, the spoken content was excellent, and the graphic one was also, soo good.
Austria also signed defensive treaties with other German states of the Holy Roman Empire for example Bavaria and Saxony.
It first signed the defensive treaty (against France and the Ottomans) with the Electorate of Bavaria on 26.01.1683.
On 31.03.1683 Austria signed the treaty with Poland.
The Elector of Bavaria Maximilian Emanuel II. came to the help of the Austrians during the Siege of Vienna with round about 11.000 Bavarian troops.
The Bavarian Army as a standing army was founded in 1682 (with 7 regiments of infantry, 2 regiments of dragoons, 4 regiments of heavy cavalry and an artillery corps).
Maximilian Emanuel II. supported the war against the Ottomans also in the following years with tens of thousands of Bavarian troops and commanded the HRE troops when they conquered Belgrade in 1688.
He then had to redeploy his troops against France due to the start of the Nine Years War, which lasted from 1688 to 1697.
Yes, a lot of German states sent infantry, and Bavaria sent a lot. Franconia, Swabia, Saxony, Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt (if I get these names wrong, please forgive me and correct where needed).
Gilmer
They sent a mix of infantry and cavalry.
Together the German states sent circa 21.500 infantry and 7.500 cavalry.
They also sent some cannons, but I think most of them didn’t reach the battlefield due to the rough terrain.
"Vienna calls for aid"
"Muster the Rohirr... I mean mobilise the Hussars!"
What an absolutely desperate race against time. Great video, man. Thank you.
It's a desperate race against the mine
And a race against time
Then the winged hussars arrived
Coming down the mountainside
Then the winged hussars arrived
:::Patriotism Intensifies:::
*Brilliant little documentary - you've 100% earned my sub! Perhaps someone educated in History could answer for me:*
*1. Did the Ottomons genuinely surround them?? Does it not seem a little stupid to siege a City like this?? I kinda agree with Sun Tzu that* it's always worth leaving an army an outlet to attempt to flee - to massively dampen moral, and promote mutiny, division and desertion?? In this respect I can understand the Ottoman Sultan's surprise, that Mustafa didn't instead conquer surrounding strongholds. *With hindsight, was attacking the City the best and correct thing to do???*
*2. It's incredible how far West Asiatic armies have pushed in the past - especially when considering that before 700 - 1100 AD, most of the Middle East was Christian and Caucasian.* But within these few first centuries of Islam's birth, they had conquered 60%+ of Christian land. When you also consider, that Caucasians today make up less than 10% of the worlds population, and (that due to having not a single protected homeland - unlike every other race) Caucasians are trending to be minorities in their own countries by 2080, and be practically extinct by 2150... *It's truly remarkable the lengths these Western Caucasian Men went to, to protect their Revered lands - which our Jaaoosh Governments now hand over for free...*
*One can only hope that their heroism and sacrifice was not in vain...* I wonder what would've been the reaction of the European Masses in 1600's, had Millions of War-Aged African and Arab Males tried strolling into their lands as "economic refugees"??? lol*
@@dionysus1917 Turks are Caucasian too man
I've been searching and searching for a good doc on the 1683 Siege of Vienna on youtube, my search is finally over!
I wonder if this battle could have been Tolkien's inspiration for the siege of Minas Tirith? And the winged Hussars of Poland = the ridars of Rohan coming to their aid breaking the siege in the battle of Pelennor?
Yes. This and the previous siege of Vienna were both inspirations to him for that.
And somewhat similarly, the battle was won by the infantry army arriving by sea after Aragorn and his ghost army removed the pirate blockade, but everyone remembers the riders, even though they didn't scream "Death" upon seeing the size of the enemy army out of optimism
@Of Spear and Smoke Yes, I didn't say the ghosts were at the battle, the ghosts removed the Umbar blockade which allowed reinforcement from other regions of Gondor to arrive by ship.
@Of Spear and Smoke I am aware, that the Rohirrim were based on Anglo-Saxon culture. However the movies picture them more like the Vikings ......
But - I talk about the battle of Pelennor, where Rohirrim rides to the aid of Minas Tirith, who is surrounded by orcs, like Vienna was sieged by the muslims in 1683.
Here jan Sobiesky broke the siege and prevented the muslim turks to take Vienna - thus turning the tide that finally drove the turks out of Europe.
That is not an allegory - but it might have been what Tolkien was inspired of.
Being a historian, he used inspiration from ww1, old Norse culture, Finnish folktales - and many other historic events.
He also uses the Corsairs - which were islamic pirats from turkey and the Barbary-coast, who terrorised the Mediterranean and Atlantic oceans until mid-19.th century.
So the Poles may be credited with saving Europe from becoming islamic.
Thank you, Poland!
THE CHAD WINGED HUSSARS VS THE VIRGIN JANISSARIES
And the winged bois did it again in Parkany. Caught by surprised, overwhelmed, still won. What a chad.
What would you expect from Turkish praetorian guard?
@@randomblacktemplar738 bunch of traitors, taken by a conquering empire to be used as the shock troops and administrators upon the very people they came from
@@ofsabir you mean half of Mediterranean
>Polish
>Chad
Thanks for this!
Not knowing much about this, I had always believed it was just the Winged Hussars who saved Vienna and never knew about the Duke of Lorraine.
Few more decades and there will be no Polish King or Winged Hussars in this story... just wait.
That is what the Poles would like us all to think.
@Alenas Kvasninas they hadn't. they took over zaolzie as it was disputed between poland and the czechs for some time. beyond that, the area had a significant polish population. and even after the war, the czechs got it back anyhow
I've seen so many Anti-European versions of this period. So good to watch something where the Europeans are not portrayed as the bad guys.
I can't imagine the amount of modern brainwashing someone would have to be on to portray ottoman as good and euro as bad as a European westerner
I have literally never seen any media at all from non-Turkish sources that has ever portrayed Turks in a good light
I have never once seen anti-European media regarding this time period and the Ottomans.
The Ottomans are always portrayed as the bad guys
in 9:17 of the video there is an error that show the hole problem between the west and islam : the narrator changed an "or" with an "and" .
Very interesting, thank you.
Sadly, the sieges of Vienna were reduced to no more than a few boring sentences in history class so I knew very little, although many place names still reflect the ancient defensive works that lie beneath.
Damn, after living in this city, I finally understand so much!
Also "oida, I'm not going out again" got me pretty good.
Servus, habidehre!
aber der Tschuschn ko gehn
Love the Monty Python animations! Great walk-through of the battle.
That was an amazing presentation. Bravo
"Oida, i'm not going again."
That one had me good :D
Dziekuje Polska! Thank you Poland! Greetings from Canada.
@@tomasz9869 How they thanked us later? Assholes!
@@waldemarrygao8642 sad 😢😢
ok thank you
znasz Polski?
🇵🇱❤️🇹🇷, 🇦🇹🤮🤮🤮
I keep thinking how overpowered hand grenades or mortar shells would be in the old times,
it turns out people had much more creative ideas and did the unthinkable. I never knew they dug trenches to reach the second wall or used miners to go under the castle.
Great content. Thank you
They used hand grenades back in 1683, of course not modern hand grenades, but for example they had hand grenades made out of glas filled with explosives.
sammlung.wienmuseum.at/objekt/340191-handgranate/
At 25:49, this is a brilliant tactic. Sun Tzu said: "Attack when the enemy never suspected, taking the enemies off guard by surprise(攻其無備、出其不意)“.
In 1939 German invasion of France and 1991 Gulf War, this tactic proved it's worth again and again.
This video is way more interesting than the actual 2012 movie lol.
Sun Tzu: "When in war, try to defeat enemy."
Such a wise man
@@hannibalburgers477 "only attack when you suspect you might win"
15:05 "Oida, I'm not going again"
Chapeau 👍
I live about 100 Meters from the place where Kara Mustafas tent was standing - your map is quite accurate, respect!
(The silk string served him right...)
Oh god, the flux, and all the horrible poop sounds...admit it, you thoroughly enjoyed editing that part
:P
SandRhoman History good sir, would you ever consider making a video on the Siege of Suiyang? (757 CE I think) probably one of the most epic examples of why you don’t want to be stuck in a city when it’s under siege.
Thank you for all your content, nothing helps my day like binging on history videos:)
@@SandRhomanHistory This was by far the best animation for fatal bloody diarrhea I have ever seen. I subscribed immediately.
@@thethreeedgedsword7253 many wars were decided by diseases: for instance 430BC when pleague broke out in Athens during the Spartan siege
this is going to be good, i know it.
This story always makes me proud of my country
I hope you'll do a video about the first siege as well, everyone knows about the second siege but the first one is somewhat forgotten in comparison.
Rewatching this I realize the cooperation between Emperor Leopold and King Sobieski was even closer then I first thought. Emperor Leopold ceded overall command to Sobieski, but on the eve of battle Sobieski went with Leopold's plan. This flexibility must have trickled down and allowed the coalition of armies to work together as the did during the battle.
Amazing video! Your work is absolutely magnificent. Good job.
"There is no time to lose My Lord, no time to lose at all" said he when the wall under his feet was ready to explode..
" IMPOSSIBLE? LEAVE THIS TO THE POLES ! - Napoleon "
*I DON'T Understand!!!! WiLL YOU ExPLain????*
@@Ask_a_Martyr During the battle of Samosierra in 1808 Napoleon Bonaparte said the words "Leave it to the Poles. Nothing is impossible for them". These words regarded a very risky charge during the battle. Of course, the Poles ended the charge with a success.
"800 Poles equals 8,000 enemy soldiers. Nothing can stop my Poles!"
- Napoleon
That´s why he was called naPOLEon!
@@INecr0 well you gotta pump up those fools somehow if you want them to die for you.