What is GERD? / GERD MCQ / MCQ Based on GERD / Pharmacognosy MCQ /

Definition 👇
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) is a chronic digestive condition where stomach acid or bile frequently flows back into the esophagus (the tube connecting your mouth and stomach). This backflow, called acid reflux, can irritate the lining of the esophagus, causing symptoms such as:
👉Common Symptoms:
🔴Heartburn (a burning sensation in the chest, often after eating)
🔴Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
🔴Difficulty swallowing
🔴Chronic cough or throat irritation
🔴A sensation of a lump in the throat
Causes:👇
GERD is typically caused by a weakened or dysfunctional lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the muscle that closes off the stomach from the esophagus. Factors that contribute include:
Obesity
Smoking
Certain foods (spicy, fatty, or acidic foods)
Overeating
Lying down after eating
Pregnancy
👉Treatment:👇
Lifestyle Changes: Avoid trigger foods, lose weight, eat smaller meals, and avoid lying down after eating.
Medications: Antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
Surgery: In severe cases, procedures to strengthen the LES may be recommended.
Untreated GERD can lead to complications like esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, or an increased risk of esophageal cancer. If symptoms persist, consult a healthcare provider.
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