Thanks for the Video clip! Excuse me for butting in, I am interested in your thoughts. Have you considered - Riddleagan Blossoming Solo Remedy (google it)? It is a smashing one of a kind guide for mastering guitar scales minus the headache. Ive heard some awesome things about it and my m8 after a lifetime of fighting got great success with it.
Remember to leave a comment and let me know what you think of these chords. Also, just think if you practiced singing through all the intervals of each chord every day what it would do for your ear training?
While studying film scoring at Berklee we had to use a few of these chords in our cues for a project. I used the Stravinsky "blocks of sound" approach. They are hard to control. My biggest challenge was to have them compliment the suspenseful atmosphere and not to leave them merely sounding like "modern music."
I've had some experience with these chords and their smaller counterparts, including the All Interval Tetrachord and the All Trichord Hexachord. My instincts prefer the 12 tone chords which more closely resemble the harmonic series, like the Mother chord, but I like the thicker chords for soft pads. Have you heard the climax to Christopher Rouse's 2nd symphony? It's a 12-tone chord orchestral "shout chorus" set to antiphonal timpani... probably one of the coolest uses of 12-tone chords I've ever heard!
Hey Rick, this is really cool. I've been working on a similar concept for a lydian mother chord with George Russell in mind. I'd love if you'd let me know what you think! It alternates maj and min thirds, heres an example: G B D F# A C# E G# B D# F# A# C# E# G# B# D# F## .. So in!
On the Grandmother Chord.. "Here's what it sounds like if played together." Me: "Huh, kinda dark, kinda weird, but not too creepy sounding." "If I orchestrate it with a full orchestra, it would sound like this" Me: "*OH SWEET JESUS ITS IN MY ROOM OH GOD ITS BEHIND ME HAAAAALLLLLLPP*"
When I saw the title of the video, I imagined that the mother of all chords would be : A Single Note. Because a fundamental eventually contains every other note in its overtones, and when you decide to play a chord, no matter which one, you are just emphasizing some of them.
I thought it was just going to be every note of the chromatic scale in one octave played simultaneously. "Because all other chords can be derived from it" lol
A single note doesn't really contain every other note; depends on the timbre of the note. A sine wave would have no overtones, and a string pluck would only have the natural series harmonics which give you a few whole tone ratios, but nothing you can really construct a real scale from.
CornelionSigismon They call it the 'harmonic series'. In reference to a plucked string, The fundamental is the first and largest occillation and everytime that string returns to the side of the vibration for which the pick initially released it, that is the count of occillations. If the string has swung to and fro 5 times ,the the occillation has divided that string into 5 equal parts and so on. Therefore an imaginary C string that vibrates at 1 occillation per second takes exactly 15 occillations and 15 seconds to imply the famous leading tone B and 1 more second to to resolve it to C. but then one can tie the 'moment of 3 seconds and the moment 5 seconds together to imply that same leading tone B, thereby needing only a "3/5 polyrhythm" and 6seconds to get the same resolution as the one performed chronologically. If there,s nothing we can do musically that the harmonic series cant do, then that makes the harmonic series the Legend of our rule making/following ,creativity , exploration and qualifications.
As a guitar player I need to visualize these "chords" practically and musically. Mother chord seems as A phrygian (b9) (maj7) superimposed under B5(b9) and Fm9....so 3 guitars could create a spanish sounding thing with those three tonal centers. Grandmother, if arpeggiated, is a chromatic sequence stemming from C note and branching outward, down up down up etc, C-B-C#-Bb-D-A-Eb-Ab-E-G-F-F#....and it stops but could continue from F#-F-G-E-G#-Eb-A-D-A#-C#-B-C....finally C octave would start over the cycle of intervalic relationships. Also the Stravinsky chord sounds crazy but it has a perfectly normal harmonic tonal usage if you read the Fb as E and the Eb7 as D#7...it's basically the VI chord (maj7#11) in key of G#minor, with the raised third of the scale (Fx or Gnat) snuck in to pull to D# phrygian...we use this sound in Flamenco all the time.
Heya Rick -- thanks a million for posting everything you do - really inspiring and soaking this up as fast as possible - loving it all and becoming more inspired - truly, thank you
Trying to work out how this chord is built, if you flat the root of a seventh chord doesn’t the root become the same note as the seventh? Doesn’t that make it cease to be a C7 by instead some kind of B chord? I’m pretty ignorant to more advanced chords but I can’t find anything about a C7b1, unless this is some inside joke and I’m vibing myself here.
I'm one of the rare few that loves MUSIC THEORY, which with most seems like a crucifix to a vampire. This was excellent. Short, succinct, to the point. Will definitely be checking out more of your videos.
You only need a four-note tetrachord to contain all six interval _classes_ (where a minor 2nd would be equivalent to a major 7th or minor 9th, for instance.) Two four note chords meet this requirement- the 0467 chord (C E F# G) and its M7 transform, the 0146 chord (C C# E F#)
Rick i just love your way of explaining things. your Son and the immersive learning youve done with him is astounding. i hope someday he can truly appreciate what it means to have a father loving and devoted. parenting, its a VERB. keep up the great work and thank you for explaining music theory in such a way that i cant get enough
Just wanted to say how AMAZING it would be to see an episode about Stravinsky, dissecting some bites of the monstrous works which are Rite of Springs and The Firebird. Thanks for this one!
I can't help but think of David Shire as I watch this. The music score from the movie "The Taking of Pelham One-Two-Three", readily comes to mind... though in more of a mid-1970's jazz/funk context.
I dig it ! One chord that comes to mind is the Beatles Hard Days Night chord but it is not as heavy as these .But then you have the Big Blast from Day In A life .Was there anything the Beatles didn't touch on ? Thanks again Sir Rick .You should be Knighted.
interesting, I think that you may be the only person online discussing this material, I love it, thank you Rick. Would you consider doing a video just on the 'Rite', including details of the mini riot.....lol.......surrounding its performance?
Liked it. You can hear those clusters when they happen, particularly in that Link chord. I like Steely Dan for many things but I like their use of polychords as well. Most of the orchestrated chords sound creepy to my ears except the last two when sounded as one.
Mr Beato , I've been binge watching your content and I can't believe you are 55 ,apart from great music-related content you might want to consider an anti-aging series
Actually it's even more confusing since sunscreen protects the skin from UV rays that cause wrinkles and aging anyways it seems that it must be the genes and too bad there's no secret behind it :)
The intervals ascending from the bottom are the inverses of the intervals down from the top, descending. M7 up, m2 down. m6 up, M3 down. M6 up, m3 down, m7 up, M2 down. P5 up, P4 down. TT goes both ways, the Bi-Interval, HAH! MBB
The grandmother chord 2:16, evokes a 70s horror/sci-fi movie with bad effects hehe. I can see a pair of green eyes lighting up in the dark LOL. I bet Dylan can recite all 1928 in his sleep...
+James Anderson he was laughing watched the video. I wanted them to check out the funny bit of me right at the beginning. He said I don't have the name those chords do I because I'm not doing it. Haha! I said just watch. He said that's all 12 notes.
old discussion, but if I was asked for mother chord, I'd say: diminished 7th chord: c eb f# a and it has, of course, two sisters, so it's more like ancient Greek norns :) ... anyway thanks Rick for your pro insight, love it :)
Great video! I was wondering if you would mention the first ever written chord that contains all 12 chromatic notes which occurs during the interlude of Alban Berg's Wozzeck before Act 3 Scene 5. Its built by stacking every possible fully diminished chord on top of each other and though the opera is atonal resolves to a D-minor chord.
heres my comment! it don't say much, but I love your channel. this is interesting basically because I always find myself explaining to folks about intervals and opposites. I usually grab the 5th fret low E ... "A" and start with the unison on the a string. then for interest, I do the stretch to the 12th fret 8ve. I keep going back and fourth until the tritone. I'm always struck by the amount of early guitarists that think a minor 3rd is the opposite of a 5th. ... and for obvious reasons. anyway, the idea of combining these intervals into a chord with a specific pattern is kind of neat.
This stuff is way above my pay grade, but interesting. Reminds me of another mother chord of sorts, the final chord on The Beatles 'A Day In the Life' which was actually the same chord played simultaneously on five pianos! Also the orchestra bit was simply instructions for them to play from the lowest note to the highest note possible. John Lennon even went so far to suggest that some of them should play slightly out of tune at which a few orchestra members walked out, or so I've read.
now, to find a place on the keyboard, whereby, through transposition, the chord is topographically mirrored, that is, black and white keys matching from both directions in and/or out. MBB
Great chords, Rick! Since you're a dad, this is your chance to invent the Father Chord! I'm counting on you. :) BTW, I just invented the All Hands On Deck chord. You simultaneously play every note on the piano. That usually requires you to use every body part on the keyboard. It's loud enough to wake up everybody on the submarine.
I would recommend using one type of light for your vids (warm or cool), cuz you look a little dead with the cool lights on you and warm in the background. Your content is consistently gold, though. Thank you for creating IN-DEPTH audio tutorials that don't pretend each musical element has a set way of treating it with processing.
Ah! Awesome, I was writing notes on this stuff for a video, but this is so damn succinct and interesting!
+Adam Neely Thanks Adam! It is a topic that is right up your alley!
You guys are great, keep educating us!
Love both you guys. so cool to see some of my favorite music teachers/musicologists learning from each other. humbling
Thanks for the Video clip! Excuse me for butting in, I am interested in your thoughts. Have you considered - Riddleagan Blossoming Solo Remedy (google it)? It is a smashing one of a kind guide for mastering guitar scales minus the headache. Ive heard some awesome things about it and my m8 after a lifetime of fighting got great success with it.
Hey Adam, love your work
This channel is a constant reminder that music is as deep as the ocean. Thanks Rick!
...it's really not, It's all relative.
Stravinksy looks so happy with his polychord!
Augusto He is like: Hehe are you scared yet? Scared yet? Hehehe
made me laugh - i wanna be that happy with my music... sometimes, i am
thanks rick! i recognize the grandmother chord as the sound made by a falling piano hitting the ground!
ya know what you get when you drop a piano on an army parade ground? A flat major
Don Fraser hilarious
Remember to leave a comment and let me know what you think of these chords. Also, just think if you practiced singing through all the intervals of each chord every day what it would do for your ear training?
Blowin' my mind, Rick!
Once again, a big thumbs up!
While studying film scoring at Berklee we had to use a few of these chords in our cues for a project. I used the Stravinsky "blocks of sound" approach. They are hard to control. My biggest challenge was to have them compliment the suspenseful atmosphere and not to leave them merely sounding like "modern music."
I've had some experience with these chords and their smaller counterparts, including the All Interval Tetrachord and the All Trichord Hexachord. My instincts prefer the 12 tone chords which more closely resemble the harmonic series, like the Mother chord, but I like the thicker chords for soft pads. Have you heard the climax to Christopher Rouse's 2nd symphony? It's a 12-tone chord orchestral "shout chorus" set to antiphonal timpani... probably one of the coolest uses of 12-tone chords I've ever heard!
Hey Rick, this is really cool. I've been working on a similar concept for a lydian mother chord with George Russell in mind.
I'd love if you'd let me know what you think!
It alternates maj and min thirds, heres an example:
G B D F# A C# E G# B D# F# A# C# E# G# B# D# F## .. So in!
On the Grandmother Chord..
"Here's what it sounds like if played together."
Me: "Huh, kinda dark, kinda weird, but not too creepy sounding."
"If I orchestrate it with a full orchestra, it would sound like this"
Me: "*OH SWEET JESUS ITS IN MY ROOM OH GOD ITS BEHIND ME HAAAAALLLLLLPP*"
yup that's the sound i hear when my grandmother approaches, seems about right
When my maggot-ridden grandmother's corpse jumps out from under my bed in low lighting.
toothless toe "WHY DIDN'T YOU EAT YOUR COOKIES?!"
@@toothlesstoe come to mamaaaaaaaaaaaa
When I saw the title of the video, I imagined that the mother of all chords would be : A Single Note.
Because a fundamental eventually contains every other note in its overtones, and when you decide to play a chord, no matter which one, you are just emphasizing some of them.
I thought it was just going to be every note of the chromatic scale in one octave played simultaneously. "Because all other chords can be derived from it" lol
A single note doesn't really contain every other note; depends on the timbre of the note. A sine wave would have no overtones, and a string pluck would only have the natural series harmonics which give you a few whole tone ratios, but nothing you can really construct a real scale from.
CornelionSigismon
They call it the 'harmonic series'.
In reference to a plucked string,
The fundamental is the first and largest occillation and everytime that string returns to the side of the vibration for which the pick initially released it, that is the count of occillations. If the string has swung to and fro 5 times ,the the occillation has divided that string into 5 equal parts and so on.
Therefore an imaginary C string that vibrates at 1 occillation per second takes exactly 15 occillations and 15 seconds to imply the famous leading tone B and 1 more second to to resolve it to C. but then one can tie the 'moment of 3 seconds and the moment 5 seconds together to imply that same leading tone B, thereby needing only a "3/5 polyrhythm" and 6seconds to get the same resolution as the one performed chronologically.
If there,s nothing we can do musically that the harmonic series cant do, then that makes the harmonic series the Legend of our rule making/following ,creativity , exploration and qualifications.
the link chord.
often mistaken for the Zelda chord
what if Zelda was a girl?
Please tell me the Zelda Chord is not anything to do with Super Mario..?!
I was gonna say that
Genius comment.
it's got all the intervals in it, including the tri-force-tone
Don't you just love the sheer joy in Stravinsky's eyes?
The grandmother chord gave me chills LOL. I liked all of them. Thanks for sharing!
Great video Rick! Love the perspective and insight in to 20th century classical composition!
Jens Larsen please make a video with him
Next guest for sounding off
Jens Larsen JENS!
Agreed - would love Jens as a sounding off guest!
Same. It would be great if you and Rick could team up, even though you both make me scratch my head!
I love the comment about the chord sending everyone scrambling for the exit. This stuff is just plain cool. One of my favorite videos!
My cat plays these chords all the time when she walks on the piano, she's a savant I think.
"cat chords". interesting
LOL! My exact thoughts!
I love your sense of wonder, your deep, deep knowledge of music, and your lack of pretense. You're all joy and generosity. 💙💙💙
this is, in fact, the mother of all Rick Beato´s videos!!! I can´t stop listening....... (and smiling!!!!)
1:46 look at the top right corner
Spooky
wtf
Ghosts
I always thought that the Mother Chord was the opening chord in "A Hard Day's Night"! Love your channel!
Opening chord of a hard day's night.
As a guitar player I need to visualize these "chords" practically and musically. Mother chord seems as A phrygian (b9) (maj7) superimposed under B5(b9) and Fm9....so 3 guitars could create a spanish sounding thing with those three tonal centers. Grandmother, if arpeggiated, is a chromatic sequence stemming from C note and branching outward, down up down up etc, C-B-C#-Bb-D-A-Eb-Ab-E-G-F-F#....and it stops but could continue from F#-F-G-E-G#-Eb-A-D-A#-C#-B-C....finally C octave would start over the cycle of intervalic relationships. Also the Stravinsky chord sounds crazy but it has a perfectly normal harmonic tonal usage if you read the Fb as E and the Eb7 as D#7...it's basically the VI chord (maj7#11) in key of G#minor, with the raised third of the scale (Fx or Gnat) snuck in to pull to D# phrygian...we use this sound in Flamenco all the time.
Should be renamed “The Mother-In-Law”
weird. grandmother chord was born AFTER the mother chord. ?
These are some really powerful sounds, thanks for showing them to us!
I swear I'm watching a Stanley Kubrick film
pedterson Haha!! Great :)
Kubrick is who I thought of as well.
Heya Rick -- thanks a million for posting everything you do - really inspiring and soaking this up as fast as possible - loving it all and becoming more inspired - truly, thank you
My chord is the Mother of all chords. C7b1. Simple, but effective. Banned in 4 States.
joe pish I hear ya! I tend to bathe myself in that C7 as well lately. Sounds so good.
Trying to work out how this chord is built, if you flat the root of a seventh chord doesn’t the root become the same note as the seventh? Doesn’t that make it cease to be a C7 by instead some kind of B chord? I’m pretty ignorant to more advanced chords but I can’t find anything about a C7b1, unless this is some inside joke and I’m vibing myself here.
@@robbieclark7828 Flatting the root of a C7 would give you a B note. The 7th remains the same...Bb.
A really broad and inspiring musical idea. To bridge the gap from writing pop music to this type of music is what makes composition so thrilling.
Great stuff! Especially that great footage of I.S. with that monstrous chord. Musically fills my mind with awe and wonder.
Excellent, fascinating video Rick! I was delighted to just sit and listen to someone who REALLY knows about harmony! Thanks you, Simon
nice editing i think maybe its the mother of all beato vids or maybe... the grandmother
02:36
Whoa! Old Igor looks a bit demonic in that clip. That little guy was quite a revolutionary.
I like how all of my favorite music-tubers are in the same comment section. I guess it's a small world!
Those chords sound so hip. Really colorful.
Setting these as the ringtone for when my mother and grandmother call.
I'm one of the rare few that loves MUSIC THEORY, which with most seems like a crucifix to a vampire.
This was excellent. Short, succinct, to the point. Will definitely be checking out more of your videos.
Very cool! Thanks, Rick! Will look up more and this helps to point me in the right direction. Big cheers from Hamburg!
Id never know any of this stuff if I never found your wonderful channel...youre the best Rick!
GREAT STUFF. Thanks RICK! 😬🎸💚
You only need a four-note tetrachord to contain all six interval _classes_ (where a minor 2nd would be equivalent to a major 7th or minor 9th, for instance.) Two four note chords meet this requirement- the 0467 chord (C E F# G) and its M7 transform, the 0146 chord (C C# E F#)
There so many incredible musicians out there when you travel the world, that will never know, unless you fall upon them.
A complicated relationship with Mother, by the sound of it!
I love the Stravinski clip. Thanks!
Yeah! And he looked like Groucho Marx!
LMHO!
3:15 - Strawinsky: Deal with it.
Great clip of Stravinsky chuckling about that polychord.
I never activate notifications on youtube. never ever. with one exception. just one. thank you, rick.
Rick i just love your way of explaining things. your Son and the immersive learning youve done with him is astounding. i hope someday he can truly appreciate what it means to have a father loving and devoted. parenting, its a VERB. keep up the great work and thank you for explaining music theory in such a way that i cant get enough
Just wanted to say how AMAZING it would be to see an episode about Stravinsky, dissecting some bites of the monstrous works which are Rite of Springs and The Firebird. Thanks for this one!
Great job, Rick. You can hang out with anyone in the music world--garage banders to conservatory professors. Keep up the good work!
These chords sound so dark and I LOVE them!
You always seem to just inspire me constantly thank you !!
1:14 Holy shit...that is pure Messiaen. Saint François d'Assise!
Thanks Rick! Love your videos!!
Rick is so awesome!
I can't help but think of David Shire as I watch this. The music score from the movie "The Taking of Pelham One-Two-Three", readily comes to mind... though in more of a mid-1970's jazz/funk context.
grandmother chord creeped me out for good.
The Grandmother of all Chords sounds like something that Johann Sebastian Bach would play with all of the stops pulled out. Awesome!
Like totally mind-blowing. Damn!
Love the Mother Chord etc discussion
Man, I LOVED that video and all the chords!
I dig it ! One chord that comes to mind is the Beatles Hard Days Night chord but it is not as heavy as these .But then you have the Big Blast from Day In A life .Was there anything the Beatles didn't touch on ? Thanks again Sir Rick .You should be Knighted.
Your keeping me up at night fine sir .I'm afraid to go to sleep now after hearing these chords ,but I like them .
Awesome as always! Subscribed just today and already watched almost all videos!
Mind bending! Thanks Rick. Love this stuff!
I'm pretty sure my cat invented that chord laying on my keyboard.
Wow, these Stravinsky chords are awesome!
interesting, I think that you may be the only person online discussing this material, I love it, thank you Rick. Would you consider doing a video just on the 'Rite', including details of the mini riot.....lol.......surrounding its performance?
The history and knowledge! I'll gladly hitch a ride through time to see and understand the innovators, thanks!
Love this.Thanks Rick.
Yes! I've got the book, really fun to study.! Thanks Rick!
7/9+ is real Mother of Chords and tritone is Father. Ask Hendrix, Fripp and Page.
Here I am playing a heavy ass GLP custom Zak W. listening to Rick with Stravinsky in the back round..... That dude is a rock star
Excellent explanations of some deep harmonic concepts. I'll subscribe....
I appreciate this paisano, especially the clip of Stravinsky (what a bug he was!)
Liked it. You can hear those clusters when they happen, particularly in that Link chord. I like Steely Dan for many things but I like their use of polychords as well.
Most of the orchestrated chords sound creepy to my ears except the last two when sounded as one.
Rick is right, thats the tone of my mums voice anytime she tells me to clean my room!
a very dense and great video, thank you!
Mr Beato , I've been binge watching your content and I can't believe you are 55 ,apart from great music-related content you might want to consider an anti-aging series
+kolen balance haha!! Even my four-year-old daughter calls me old man :) I don't wear sunscreen. Maybe that's the secret?
Actually it's even more confusing since sunscreen protects the skin from UV rays that cause wrinkles and aging anyways it seems that it must be the genes and too bad there's no secret behind it :)
I am a compose for film . This is perfect info and insight in tonal foundation ....
Thank you 🎹
Great vid!
The intervals ascending from the bottom are the inverses of the intervals down from the top, descending.
M7 up, m2 down. m6 up, M3 down. M6 up, m3 down, m7 up, M2 down. P5 up, P4 down.
TT goes both ways, the Bi-Interval, HAH! MBB
I would love to see more interesting history videos with applications like this!
The grandmother chord 2:16, evokes a 70s horror/sci-fi movie with bad effects hehe. I can see a pair of green eyes lighting up in the dark LOL. I bet Dylan can recite all 1928 in his sleep...
+James Anderson he was laughing watched the video. I wanted them to check out the funny bit of me right at the beginning. He said I don't have the name those chords do I because I'm not doing it. Haha! I said just watch. He said that's all 12 notes.
Ha!
I swear I've heard that chord in The Outer Limits
old discussion, but if I was asked for mother chord, I'd say: diminished 7th chord: c eb f# a and it has, of course, two sisters, so it's more like ancient Greek norns :) ... anyway thanks Rick for your pro insight, love it :)
Great video!
I was wondering if you would mention the first ever written chord that contains all 12 chromatic notes which occurs during the interlude of Alban Berg's Wozzeck before Act 3 Scene 5. Its built by stacking every possible fully diminished chord on top of each other and though the opera is atonal resolves to a D-minor chord.
The "MOAC"... earned after playing 25 songs in a row with no mistakes.
heres my comment! it don't say much, but I love your channel. this is interesting basically because I always find myself explaining to folks about intervals and opposites. I usually grab the 5th fret low E ... "A" and start with the unison on the a string. then for interest, I do the stretch to the 12th fret 8ve. I keep going back and fourth until the tritone. I'm always struck by the amount of early guitarists that think a minor 3rd is the opposite of a 5th. ... and for obvious reasons.
anyway, the idea of combining these intervals into a chord with a specific pattern is kind of neat.
Wayne Love Thanks Wayne! It's good to hear your voice.
My cellphone fell off when he played that chord
Scary
This stuff is way above my pay grade, but interesting. Reminds me of another mother chord of sorts, the final chord on The Beatles 'A Day In the Life' which was actually the same chord played simultaneously on five pianos! Also the orchestra bit was simply instructions for them to play from the lowest note to the highest note possible. John Lennon even went so far to suggest that some of them should play slightly out of tune at which a few orchestra members walked out, or so I've read.
thnks Mr. Beato
now, to find a place on the keyboard, whereby, through transposition, the chord is topographically mirrored, that is,
black and white keys matching from both directions in and/or out. MBB
Excellent !Thanks Rick!!! Cheers!! ;-)!!
Great chords, Rick! Since you're a dad, this is your chance to invent the Father Chord! I'm counting on you. :) BTW, I just invented the All Hands On Deck chord. You simultaneously play every note on the piano. That usually requires you to use every body part on the keyboard. It's loud enough to wake up everybody on the submarine.
+ChuloDavidcito Haha! I'm gonna try your chord today!
Don't for get the "Moon Sonata." Both cheeks applied attaca subito to the lower end of the keyboard!
Oh, yeah..... there's a jazz tune for that: Butt Beautiful.
It must be the combination of dissonance and Rick’s straight face, but I can stop laughing at 2:07. 😂
Dude that was awesome
La Monte Young's 'Magic Chord' seems relevant too
BRAVOOO ! Tremendous theme and explanations !
I would recommend using one type of light for your vids (warm or cool), cuz you look a little dead with the cool lights on you and warm in the background.
Your content is consistently gold, though. Thank you for creating IN-DEPTH audio tutorials that don't pretend each musical element has a set way of treating it with processing.
LOVED It!
You've probably been told this already but these glasses suit you so well!