Today's special edition of Extra History delves into another terror from the history of public health: a disease called Pellagra that killed up to 100,000 Americans in the early 20th century. This extra-Extra History video comes thanks to the Child and Teen Checkups program of the Minnesota Department of Health. Children should receive a health checkup every year. If you live in Minnesota, learn more at GetCTC.com. If you don’t, go to www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/epsdt/index.html
With this, the flu series, and the episodes about cholera, you guys ought to spin off into yet another series all about diseases and the medical profession. Maybe call it "Extra Medicine?"
Fun little addition to that story, there actually is plenty of niacin in field corn, but it's locked up chemically inside the seed. Soaking the raw corn in alkaline water, traditionally this was done with wood ash, softens the outer pericarb and makes the corn easier to grind, but it also unlocks most of the nutrition. People in Mexico treat their corn this way, in modern times it's done with slaked lime, calcium hydroxide. It's called nixtamalization. So despite living on about that same kind of southern poor diet, people in Mexico and South America didn't get pellagra.
see my post on this -- traditionally southerners did this to corn (& still do, it's called hominy), it was only in the early 20th century that cheap midwestern cornmeal -- which wasn't nixtamalized - took over the market that people got pellagra. That's why pellagra suddenly appeared in 1902, even though corn had been the staple for centuries.
I know it from my Momma telling me why you should only buy hominy grits. And to NEVER buy cornmeal from outside the South. BTW: Mexican cornmeal like Maseca is also nixtamalized.
Well it's been a lot of series about wars, but nobody's about to accuse Extra History of being Extra Wars. If anything great disease history is just as important as great man history or great event history.
Dr. Joseph Goldberger, what an absolute genius. How would one even begin to think that what made people sick was what wasn't in their diet. That's insane. The way he approached this problem was so unique and the passion he had for his job, even in sickness, made me type this out. What a boss.
Although it’s great that goldburger managed to find a compromising solution to pellegra, it’s kind of sad that many American business owners still carry similar mentalities like those in the old south. The idea that people who work at laborious and time consuming jobs can live off of minimum wage and that the welfare of the company is more important than that of the employees.
That mentality is the core of the American South. Unlike the North, which was formed from communities of independent land owners and businessmen that self-ruled through elected councils (and religious extremists that believed in collectivization and self-loathing), the South was born from wealthy plantation owners that owned slaves. No accountability, no social mobility, and no government participation except through bribery and nepotism. Government ‘service’ was merely another way to enrich yourself and your friends and family at the expense of everyone else. It’s the same reason why Latin American nations trend towards being dysfunctional and unstable, as they all started as colonies of plantation owners, indebted laborers, and slaves. The Carolinas and Georgia were originally settled by plantation owners from the English Caribbean colonies, who’d run out of land to expand their slave plantations onto.
because that is what a free market causes. if there is little unemployment and they cant get workers you ber they are gonna pay more. is spares are plentiful then why pay more than you need to get a new body on the line. human resources is just that a resource, and all every other it gets cheap when plentiful and expensive when scarse.
Ah yes, Montezuma's real revenge. Corn is actually extremely rich in niacin, but it's inaccessible without being treated through a process called nixtamalization, where the corn is soaked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater. The Aztecs, among other tribes, obviously knew about this, since corn was a staple for them; however, when the Spanish brought corn back to Europe, they didn't bring nixtamalization with them.
Montezuma's revenge is a euphemism used for diarrhea suffered by travelers, particularly to Mexico. There's an old theory that venereal syphilis originated in the New World and was brought back to Europe by Columbus and members of his crew, but it's never been definitively proven.
Limewater as in a solution of water and calcium hydroxide, aka slaked lime; the fruit would be acidic instead of alkaline, and was introduced to the Americas by the Europeans. Masa harina or masa de maiz, a flour made from nixtamalized corn, is often used to make corn tortillas, though.
2:35 here at vault-tec, we keep your safety in mind. *procedes to leave a vault open just a small bit to see what happens if people get exposed to radiation over time*
Hey, extra credits can you please please PLEASE do a video on the history of HIV/AIDS out break, Alphabet City, and the political moves to either help or obtain. I not only feel like that would be a great few episodes, but also a great way for kids and young adults (like my self) to learn what actually happened, for you see most schools don't teach more modern history. or they get it from there parents that might be bias. And the one real piece of media that talks about it, RENT has it's own problems, and it doesn't really go into the history.
It's such a shame that in a distant past, powerful and influential people could discredit scientific research that could've saved countless lives.......oh wait......
its much harder nowadays, unless something is extremely under researched, all you need to do is gather all the evidence and research to prove your point. of course it doesn't mean that people will listen to it and won't bring a lot of innocents with them, but at least to believe it all you need to do is look at the evidence, instead of being forced to choose to believe in a single scientist or the people trying to discredit him. you are only manipulated by pseldo science if you want or if you are extremely dense.
I believe some people just want to feel special by acting against the masses and refusing things the society (or people in control) imposes on them, doesn't matter if its a good thing or not, and then they end up dragging a lot of people with them. the reality is that people have no reason to not believe in science, if they don't believe its either because they don't understand (forcing them to resort to news outlets that give bad reports about one or two papers) and don't want to try to understand, or they know everything about it but rather stay firm on their beliefs for their own agenda (or simply belief bias).
Autism is GENETIC... nothing a vaccine can trigger. Ok, the real "cause" of autism is something epigenetic, not straight heredity - twin studies have proven that much. Descriptions of autism are also present in folklore and legal/medical history for centuries.... AND at the present "epidemic" rates. Plus, Adult Autism doesn't have to be disabling at all! With training and reasonable accomodations, the vast majority of Autistic Adults make for perfectly functional humans.
This was so cool! Never heard of him nor this illness but I sure was stunned to know this! Channels like you and Simple History truly deserve to have sponsors and definitely more subscribers! I'm definitely rexommending this channel as well when we stumble up some lessons that this channel has! Thank you so much! 💞
"Welcome to da Salty Spitoon. How tough are ya?" "I watched the Pellagra Extra History video." "Yeah, so?" "WHILE EATING A THREE-COURSE MEAL." "Oh, go ahead in; Right this way..."
Hoosier here, but I'm glad they did that, too. It's nice to see non-commercial sponsors for this kind of content. I mean, the content is the same whether the sponsor is a health charity or a Pandemic knockoff, but it's nice to see charitable groups taking advantage of these opportunities.
Huh. Being from Minnesota myself I'd wondered if they'd somehow georestricted different versions of this video referencing similar programs in their respective regions since referencing where I'm from on a state level on a global platform would be oddly specific and highly coincidental. Seems not though.
Love this channel, 14th time I have seen Minnesota referred to in a non-school text (this is a video but I'm counting it anyhow) in my many years of reading.
As a medical student and a history enthusiast I love this disease related series (the pellagra one, and the spanish flu one). You are making me very happy, thank you!
Absolutely fascinating! I just love these episodes so much! Its the little things that you never learn attending school that just blow my mind, thanks again Extra Credits!!
Richard Fore sorry for tge noob question. I noticed the word walpole being mentioned many times but i do not know what it means. Care to share tge knowledge?
Absolutely love the current focus on health! This is a part of history too often overlooked. Learning about these things really puts things in perspective. How politics effects science, how we defeated many of these diseases (which we take for granted today) and how frail we really are (just to name some). Keep it up!
I don't want to get political, but the kind of economy the south had at that time looks very...... Old World.... Farm based, powerful landowners, poor diet of workers, heavy use of underpaid farmers.
Yeah, that was the point. The south has very good land for growing stuff. So, that is what they did, however, when industrialized happened, the south had a problem... their economy relied too much on agriculture. As such, there was a huge demand for cheap labor, and not enough of people who wanted to develop the south.
The South is still behind the rest of the country in health, education and labor relations and this is the model that the oligarchy want to spread to the rest of the country.
I have a deep love for Extra Credits and this made my week. I love learning about history and science. Thank you for making such a great jumping off point.
@@justanotheremptychannel2472 yeah no, they are listening to science, and listening to medical experts change their minds back and forth, and watching them lie, and cover up, and inflate numbers.
PocketChange 9000 I really liked the investigation part of it. Its similar to a movie tense with finding the cause and origins of a disease Its similar to yt channel that explains the effects of a victim. Then finds the cause. But that channel focuses on individual weird cases. (Can't tell the name of the yt channel due to it being disrespectful to extra credits)
I love the Deep South born & raised in Louisiana but now after 5 years in the Midwest I will never move back. The struggle in the South is very real. I definitely owe thanks to Dr. Goldberger as this likely saved my grandparents. Great vid!
The seasonal pattern of the pellagra flair ups would indicate that the southern poor only saw foods with B vitamins during the hog slaughtering season, when meat (think things like trotters and chitterlings) was more available to the poor.
Please cover the American-Philippines war. It's one of the MOST forgotten war and part of history and it would mean the world to me if you could talk about it. Please. People are forgetting what they did to Filipinos. It's a great injustice that should never be forgotten.
The one bit of history missing here is why pellagra didn't show up in the South until the 20th century, even though corn had been the staple for centuries. The traditional southern method for corn meal was to nixtamalize it with lye or ash (later calcium carbonate), producing hominy (a.k.a. pozole), which was then dried and ground for cornbread flour or grits. The nixtamalization released the niacin in the corn, so no pellagra. It was only when people started buying cheaper (un-nixtamalized) corn meal from the midwest instead of home-grown hominy that pellagra appeared. That's why Southern politicians didn't believe Goldberger -- not because they were just evil southerners as the video (kinda shittily) suggests - but because people had lived on a cornmeal diet for centuries without pellagra. No-one, including Goldberger, realized that the industrial corn meal from the midwest was qualitatively different from the traditional corn meal Southerners had been making and eating for centuries.
Well they do say that. That it was said that it was because their food was now imported instead of home grown that the disease happened. But you do have a point. Another thing they could have mentioned is that the idea of spoiled corn is not at all a weird idea. There was a disease with quite similar symptoms caused by spoiled grain. It had been known extremely well for centuries and had ravaged Europe whenever food stocks became low and people were forced to eat low quality grains.
That's an interesting insight I was not aware of. Still there is the question of what would have been done had they been aware of it. The farmers and workers might have had to make a tough decision on how they were going to get better food on their relatively meager pay, but for institutions like the Orphanage and Asylums they would have to convince the heads to start ordering more better quality food for everyone else besides the staff, and that does not sound like an easy negotiation at all.
They aren't aware of the disease if the people paying them don't want the disease to be cured. All evidence points to a Chinese biolab in Wuhan making the virus, yet Fauci and the WHO are doing everything they can to cover it up.
The consent of prisoners is questionable as is the need for the trial. I'm on the fence myself, but there is a case to be made for the experiment being against the standards of medical ethics.
Pellagra struck when Aztec flint corn was stolen after their defeat. The Aztecs figured out a process to unlock the micro-nutrients in this new corn, but did not share this process with their enemies, who got the starch but not the rest.
froggymusicman yep; in fact all native Americans that relied on maize as a staple food did. they traditionally soaked their corn in alkali water that released extra nutrients that were otherwise indigestible by humans. And what's more they were doing it for thousands of years, this is why they never suffered from Pelagara but it plagued westerners up till the Second World War
I mean, I doubt the Aztecs would be able to phrase it in that precise way, but people have been quite clever through the entirety of human history. It's quite possible the Aztecs didn't understand or misattributed why the nixtamalization worked to cure pellagra, but that certainly doesn't stop them from discovering the cure and using it. It doesn't take a functional knowledge of biochemistry to notice "Gee, the folks eating this treated corn don't get pellagra. I guess we should all be eating this stuff."
I'm quite certain that those grape juice makers were somewhat surprised when their juice was contaminated by some mold or fungus, but they didn't want to toss it out and when they drank it... found it had quite an interesting effect. "Can't explain it, boss, but daayyyummm… here try some..."
Sardonicus Okay point to the Christians or Jews (aside from Abraham) who ever sacrificed a human being by ripping out its still-beating heart so that the rain would come. I can wait.
@@thisisahumanlol8255 sorry, 2020 happened and you know the masks making similar looking people look even more similar. Just uhh don't look into your tv at 1 am tonight and stare into the reflection of the window that's only visible by a crack in the curtains and I won't recognise you as dead for the next 5-8 years
Today's special edition of Extra History delves into another terror from the history of public health: a disease called Pellagra that killed up to 100,000 Americans in the early 20th century.
This extra-Extra History video comes thanks to the Child and Teen Checkups program of the Minnesota Department of Health. Children should receive a health checkup every year. If you live in Minnesota, learn more at GetCTC.com. If you don’t, go to www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/epsdt/index.html
Extra Credits cool
Extra Credits Make a video about Tsar Nicholas the second!
With this, the flu series, and the episodes about cholera, you guys ought to spin off into yet another series all about diseases and the medical profession. Maybe call it "Extra Medicine?"
Keyblade Spirit Well its a part of history,so why not talk about it?
this episode was great. thank you
rip Joseph
Fun little addition to that story, there actually is plenty of niacin in field corn, but it's locked up chemically inside the seed. Soaking the raw corn in alkaline water, traditionally this was done with wood ash, softens the outer pericarb and makes the corn easier to grind, but it also unlocks most of the nutrition. People in Mexico treat their corn this way, in modern times it's done with slaked lime, calcium hydroxide. It's called nixtamalization. So despite living on about that same kind of southern poor diet, people in Mexico and South America didn't get pellagra.
see my post on this -- traditionally southerners did this to corn (& still do, it's called hominy), it was only in the early 20th century that cheap midwestern cornmeal -- which wasn't nixtamalized - took over the market that people got pellagra. That's why pellagra suddenly appeared in 1902, even though corn had been the staple for centuries.
Awesome bonus fact. Occasionally, reading UA-cam comments pays off.
HOW ARE THERE SO MANY PEOPLE WHO KNOW THIS?
I know it from my Momma telling me why you should only buy hominy grits. And to NEVER buy cornmeal from outside the South. BTW: Mexican cornmeal like Maseca is also nixtamalized.
I'm Mexican and completely ignored this fact, thank you so much!
Wow is this Extra Epedemics
Exquisite Elephant Extra Epidemics!
Where’s John Snow when you need him?
Well it's been a lot of series about wars, but nobody's about to accuse Extra History of being Extra Wars. If anything great disease history is just as important as great man history or great event history.
Even if it was Extra Wars, a great deal of it would be composed by epidemics anyway lol.
Is that a complaint or just an observation?
Dr. Joseph Goldberger, what an absolute genius. How would one even begin to think that what made people sick was what wasn't in their diet. That's insane. The way he approached this problem was so unique and the passion he had for his job, even in sickness, made me type this out. What a boss.
Although it’s great that goldburger managed to find a compromising solution to pellegra, it’s kind of sad that many American business owners still carry similar mentalities like those in the old south. The idea that people who work at laborious and time consuming jobs can live off of minimum wage and that the welfare of the company is more important than that of the employees.
That mentality is the core of the American South.
Unlike the North, which was formed from communities of independent land owners and businessmen that self-ruled through elected councils (and religious extremists that believed in collectivization and self-loathing), the South was born from wealthy plantation owners that owned slaves. No accountability, no social mobility, and no government participation except through bribery and nepotism. Government ‘service’ was merely another way to enrich yourself and your friends and family at the expense of everyone else. It’s the same reason why Latin American nations trend towards being dysfunctional and unstable, as they all started as colonies of plantation owners, indebted laborers, and slaves. The Carolinas and Georgia were originally settled by plantation owners from the English Caribbean colonies, who’d run out of land to expand their slave plantations onto.
because that is what a free market causes. if there is little unemployment and they cant get workers you ber they are gonna pay more. is spares are plentiful then why pay more than you need to get a new body on the line. human resources is just that a resource, and all every other it gets cheap when plentiful and expensive when scarse.
The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 could be a series on its own. A lot of nasty political stuff went on, we are talking about money over lives.
Politics is 99% money over lives
that doesn't surprise me. The South has pretty much always been like that.
@@GiordanDiodato that's 'Murica for you, pal!
Don't ever put your faith in politicians. They won't help you unless it's something that they want or when there's big money involved.
Ah yes, Montezuma's real revenge. Corn is actually extremely rich in niacin, but it's inaccessible without being treated through a process called nixtamalization, where the corn is soaked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater. The Aztecs, among other tribes, obviously knew about this, since corn was a staple for them; however, when the Spanish brought corn back to Europe, they didn't bring nixtamalization with them.
Zanna I thought it the revenge was a STD
Montezuma's revenge is a euphemism used for diarrhea suffered by travelers, particularly to Mexico. There's an old theory that venereal syphilis originated in the New World and was brought back to Europe by Columbus and members of his crew, but it's never been definitively proven.
_”usually limewater”_ Is... is this why even organic tortilla chips often include lime in their list of ingredients?
Limewater as in a solution of water and calcium hydroxide, aka slaked lime; the fruit would be acidic instead of alkaline, and was introduced to the Americas by the Europeans. Masa harina or masa de maiz, a flour made from nixtamalized corn, is often used to make corn tortillas, though.
Neat.
Good ol' helpin' of Walp-Os.
Now with Niacin!
How did I get over my Pellagra? It was Walp-O's!
or just eat your veggies... after all glyphosate is unsafe on any plate!
Cause why let an unbalanced breakfast get in the way of becoming the prime minister of England?
*steals thousands of boxes*
Ned Kelly Thanks to Walp-O's I have been able to remain the prime minister of England for 60 year!Wait....where are the boxes?
JOHN SNOW
GOLDBERGER
ALL THOSE FLU GUYS
_WHY ARE OLD EPIDEMIOLOGISTS SO BADASS_
Why didn't you mention me?
"all those flu guys"
they did
Mention me
The OG Pandemic players
Easy, they don't want to die or their younger generation to die to infection, worst way to go.
This should be on national television. Your show is very important to our true history.
2:35 here at vault-tec, we keep your safety in mind. *procedes to leave a vault open just a small bit to see what happens if people get exposed to radiation over time*
So remember, kids: eat your niacin!
Trygve Plaustrum but make sure you stay away from the ricin.
And your Walp-O's!
Yes, or Vitamin B3, as it's more commonly known. I figured niacin would have to be a vitamin of some sort, and indeed it turns out it is.
A healthy sprinkling of wood ashes or Vegemite/other yeast extracts
Or you'll get diarrhea
medical history is so much overlooked on UA-cam. keep going with these video's!
really really interesting.
If it's overlooked, shouldn't they stop making it? Or perhaps it is underlooked...
Fabrício Lara Buck up on your English comprehension
Oh, sorry, I forgot that the internet can't understand irony without a winking smiley at the end. ;)
the confusion is real.
4:41 Holy crap, that's animation.
David San Edgy
I want a 10 hour loop of that
Hey, extra credits can you please please PLEASE do a video on the history of HIV/AIDS out break, Alphabet City, and the political moves to either help or obtain. I not only feel like that would be a great few episodes, but also a great way for kids and young adults (like my self) to learn what actually happened, for you see most schools don't teach more modern history. or they get it from there parents that might be bias. And the one real piece of media that talks about it, RENT has it's own problems, and it doesn't really go into the history.
Seeing what's happening now, with a death rate of
F O R S C I E N C E
Also that animation was stellar. Great job Extra History Team!
F O R M O V E M E N T!
owo i didn’t know they could animate too.
We need more moving animations
@@robertwalpole360 it's Walpole
It's such a shame that in a distant
past, powerful and influential people could discredit scientific research that could've saved countless lives.......oh wait......
Remember vaccinate your kids and yourselves.
its much harder nowadays, unless something is extremely under researched, all you need to do is gather all the evidence and research to prove your point. of course it doesn't mean that people will listen to it and won't bring a lot of innocents with them, but at least to believe it all you need to do is look at the evidence, instead of being forced to choose to believe in a single scientist or the people trying to discredit him. you are only manipulated by pseldo science if you want or if you are extremely dense.
I believe some people just want to feel special by acting against the masses and refusing things the society (or people in control) imposes on them, doesn't matter if its a good thing or not, and then they end up dragging a lot of people with them. the reality is that people have no reason to not believe in science, if they don't believe its either because they don't understand (forcing them to resort to news outlets that give bad reports about one or two papers) and don't want to try to understand, or they know everything about it but rather stay firm on their beliefs for their own agenda (or simply belief bias).
Global Warming scam booohooo
Autism is GENETIC... nothing a vaccine can trigger.
Ok, the real "cause" of autism is something epigenetic, not straight heredity - twin studies have proven that much. Descriptions of autism are also present in folklore and legal/medical history for centuries.... AND at the present "epidemic" rates. Plus, Adult Autism doesn't have to be disabling at all! With training and reasonable accomodations, the vast majority of Autistic Adults make for perfectly functional humans.
Oh my god, frame by frame animation looks stunning!
Лупа Кампутантис *God
This was so cool! Never heard of him nor this illness but I sure was stunned to know this! Channels like you and Simple History truly deserve to have sponsors and definitely more subscribers! I'm definitely rexommending this channel as well when we stumble up some lessons that this channel has! Thank you so much! 💞
"Welcome to da Salty Spitoon. How tough are ya?"
"I watched the Pellagra Extra History video."
"Yeah, so?"
"WHILE EATING A THREE-COURSE MEAL."
"Oh, go ahead in; Right this way..."
Underrated
Eat your vitamins
Hey, good on my home state for sponsoring this! Minnesota, represent!
Hoosier here, but I'm glad they did that, too. It's nice to see non-commercial sponsors for this kind of content. I mean, the content is the same whether the sponsor is a health charity or a Pandemic knockoff, but it's nice to see charitable groups taking advantage of these opportunities.
Huh. Being from Minnesota myself I'd wondered if they'd somehow georestricted different versions of this video referencing similar programs in their respective regions since referencing where I'm from on a state level on a global platform would be oddly specific and highly coincidental. Seems not though.
Gotta love Minnesota!
Love this channel, 14th time I have seen Minnesota referred to in a non-school text (this is a video but I'm counting it anyhow) in my many years of reading.
FFS im fargo nd
As a medical student and a history enthusiast I love this disease related series (the pellagra one, and the spanish flu one). You are making me very happy, thank you!
“it was walp-os” has me wheezing
Absolutely fascinating! I just love these episodes so much! Its the little things that you never learn attending school that just blow my mind, thanks again Extra Credits!!
“Palagra had become politicized”, just like everything else in the modern day
These are the truest words ever spoken....and they sure do hurt
Don't blame the modern day for things that have always happened since forever.
Sure, it’s happened throughout know history, and I’m not blaming the modern people, I’m just saying it’s never been to this extent before
Anything that involves the distribution of power is political. It is naive to expect any other reaction.
That hurts
Note to self: Vault Boy not a good doctor
IKR! LOL
note to self, my people are actually pretty smart but are hated enough to make everything politicized lol.
I saw that sneaky Walpole.
VoidViper Mapping Animation Production oof
same
WOW UR HERE
Never thought you would be here
WALPOLE
I do lots of genealogy research for my family and it’s heartbreaking when I see this as a cause of death for my ancestors in South Carolina.
2:34
Dr. Vault boy: Everything is fine
Kids *Never Trust a Doctor with blonde hair with a thumps up smiling if you have a disease*
The doctor giving radiation treatment looks suspiciously like Vault Boy from Fallout. Coincidence?
I think not!
Walpole MUST have been involved.
Richard Fore sorry for tge noob question. I noticed the word walpole being mentioned many times but i do not know what it means. Care to share tge knowledge?
mohd hamzali Azizan it is a meme from the south sea bubble series
Owen Green i see.. will watch that on too.. thx... :)
Looked in my trash and found a bag of Cheetos. Ingredient 3? Niacin.
How nutritious!
I'll stop people eating Cheetos
Absolutely love the current focus on health! This is a part of history too often overlooked. Learning about these things really puts things in perspective. How politics effects science, how we defeated many of these diseases (which we take for granted today) and how frail we really are (just to name some). Keep it up!
I don't want to get political, but the kind of economy the south had at that time looks very...... Old World....
Farm based, powerful landowners, poor diet of workers, heavy use of underpaid farmers.
welcome to the South, where conservatives think they're doing the best job
Yeah, that was the point. The south has very good land for growing stuff. So, that is what they did, however, when industrialized happened, the south had a problem... their economy relied too much on agriculture. As such, there was a huge demand for cheap labor, and not enough of people who wanted to develop the south.
Quasifeudalism?
The South is still behind the rest of the country in health, education and labor relations and this is the model that the oligarchy want to spread to the rest of the country.
@@ix-Xafra they literally had unpaid serfs and slaves until the 1860... how is that not feudalism
MORE EXTRA EPIDEMICS! PLEASE I'm a microbiologist-to-be and I find them fascinating
There’s a reason i kept it a mystery
It was you!How dare you!
Finnish Guy trust me, you dont want to know the truth
Finally, a rival to the FLU!
It was in the Walp-O's cereal.
If I was your boss I'd fire you
it was walp-o's
EEE WALPOOOOOO-
I have a deep love for Extra Credits and this made my week. I love learning about history and science. Thank you for making such a great jumping off point.
*Pellagra:* I affected 3,000,000 Americans, and killed 100,000 over the span of 40 years
*Coronavirus:* *laughs in 4 months*
That’s not too fun of a joke, people are suffering from COVID, and back then pellagra...
@@Ratliff5x yes
@@Ratliff5x tell that to conservatives who refuse science and think masks are communist
@@justanotheremptychannel2472 yeah no, they are listening to science, and listening to medical experts change their minds back and forth, and watching them lie, and cover up, and inflate numbers.
@@katsunada yes, those communist doctors trying to force people to avoid infecting others
Pellagro is one of my favorite stories in the history of medical science. Thanks you all!
I love these happy endings like John snow and Mary seacole, it just makes me smile.
thank you Dr Joseph Goldberger
My microbial friend!
Oh hey Flu. *looks at you with suspicion*
But it's not a microbe. You have no friends now
I am from the past
wait.. your from 1914... yet have acess to the internet...
I CALL WITCHCRAFT!
(or it was walpole...)
It appears the 1914 Flu has evolved into a computer virus.
< panic >
seems like the speaker managed to tone down the excitement and speak in a way that is pleasant to listen to, good job!
5:50 WARNING the following is historical yet well led to lunch loss we recomend paper bag if your eating right now please throw it out
This is an awesome episode! I love it when you guys do epidemiology episodes!
Love your epidemics and healthcare episodes! Please keep them coming.
Extra Disease Series Confirmed
PocketChange 9000
I really liked the investigation part of it.
Its similar to a movie tense with finding the cause and origins of a disease
Its similar to yt channel that explains the effects of a victim. Then finds the cause. But that channel focuses on individual weird cases.
(Can't tell the name of the yt channel due to it being disrespectful to extra credits)
Tarrare what are you doing here?
I love the Deep South born & raised in Louisiana but now after 5 years in the Midwest I will never move back. The struggle in the South is very real. I definitely owe thanks to Dr. Goldberger as this likely saved my grandparents. Great vid!
The animation at 4:40 to 4:43 was *so smooth.*
Didn't know "Medical Mystery" was a series.
another excellent episode! keep the medical history videos coming!
True American hero. A lot of people today probably owe their existence to this guy saving their ancestors.
Oh man I LOVE these new videos focusing on microbial and medical research! I know the audience will be too small but please keep them coming!
I am so thankful for that food warning
It is so sad how many people have suffered and died from exploitation.
4:40 HOLY SHEET THAT ANIMATION
Lol that part made me laugh so hard
The seasonal pattern of the pellagra flair ups would indicate that the southern poor only saw foods with B vitamins during the hog slaughtering season, when meat (think things like trotters and chitterlings) was more available to the poor.
This channel deserves 100 million subs just from this series alone
Why so little views? This is good stuff, thank you for the hard work!
Goldberger said to Pellagra: "YOU'RE NEXT!"
...or something like that
0:21 "when the weather cooled, the rashes faded. Until next spring..."
If pellagra is caused by a niacin deficiency, then why's this the case?
Angel Fox
I was wondering the same thing, this makes perfect sense. Thanks!
Perhaps the diet changed seasonally? Better food over the winter months?
deer season
@@bobb7993 they’d eat more meat
"grain developers conference"
Good god.
Graincon
It's GDC
I'd heard or read just a tiny bit about Pellagra over the years, but never knew just what it was. Now I do. Thanks! :)
may his memory be a blessing
Please cover the American-Philippines war. It's one of the MOST forgotten war and part of history and it would mean the world to me if you could talk about it. Please. People are forgetting what they did to Filipinos. It's a great injustice that should never be forgotten.
The one bit of history missing here is why pellagra didn't show up in the South until the 20th century, even though corn had been the staple for centuries. The traditional southern method for corn meal was to nixtamalize it with lye or ash (later calcium carbonate), producing hominy (a.k.a. pozole), which was then dried and ground for cornbread flour or grits. The nixtamalization released the niacin in the corn, so no pellagra. It was only when people started buying cheaper (un-nixtamalized) corn meal from the midwest instead of home-grown hominy that pellagra appeared. That's why Southern politicians didn't believe Goldberger -- not because they were just evil southerners as the video (kinda shittily) suggests - but because people had lived on a cornmeal diet for centuries without pellagra. No-one, including Goldberger, realized that the industrial corn meal from the midwest was qualitatively different from the traditional corn meal Southerners had been making and eating for centuries.
Well they do say that. That it was said that it was because their food was now imported instead of home grown that the disease happened. But you do have a point.
Another thing they could have mentioned is that the idea of spoiled corn is not at all a weird idea. There was a disease with quite similar symptoms caused by spoiled grain. It had been known extremely well for centuries and had ravaged Europe whenever food stocks became low and people were forced to eat low quality grains.
That's an interesting insight I was not aware of.
Still there is the question of what would have been done had they been aware of it. The farmers and workers might have had to make a tough decision on how they were going to get better food on their relatively meager pay, but for institutions like the Orphanage and Asylums they would have to convince the heads to start ordering more better quality food for everyone else besides the staff, and that does not sound like an easy negotiation at all.
👏👏 Great, That is a wonderful life.
Respect Dr. JOSEPH GOLDBERGER 👏👏
What a freaking hero!
This video is heartwarming to be honest. Thanks for making this video :)
7:30 , this is just history repeating itself, just sad
10:12 - "pellagra infected" - should be "pellagra affected"
DID SOMEONE SAY THE SON OF A SHEPARD?!?
Good to know history repeats over and over
I didn't think it'd ever happen Matt, but I'm coming around to you. Good job on this one.
This makes me happy to live in the 21st century... Doctors and scientists are alot more aware of diseasea
They aren't aware of the disease if the people paying them don't want the disease to be cured. All evidence points to a Chinese biolab in Wuhan making the virus, yet Fauci and the WHO are doing everything they can to cover it up.
Is this series "Extra Contagious" now?
I love all the political jabs in this, but my favourite might be; “With hard work, AND PUBLIC SCHOOLING...”
Iv heard of almost every disease they've covered so far except this one, Pellagra. Learned my thing for today
Fascinating as always. Keep up the good work.
I mean hey if they volunteered they volunteered. Assuming he was honest about what was going on.
The consent of prisoners is questionable as is the need for the trial.
I'm on the fence myself, but there is a case to be made for the experiment being against the standards of medical ethics.
4:40 Holy smokes you guys now have a MOTION picture animation budget!
Brian Fong they already had
Which video had an animation that smooth?
Some of them.An example is the line crossing in the Otto von Bismarck series.
I love the Fallout reference at 2:34.
dedicated researcher there
I am just now watching this video and Joseph Goldberger is my grandfather.
Disease disease never changes
Disease may never change, but medicine does.
Njord! Hey how's the Yggdrasil repair work going?
Doctor Welch magic duck tape works like a charm.
Good to hear! Mind if I have a look? I modified flex tape and want to see if it's stronger than regular duct tape.
'Filth Party' would be a terrific name for a punk rock band.
Sneaking in the "it was Walpole" joke again, eh? 9:33
I live in Minnesota
... You guys rock.
As always, so much informative and entertaining! 👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽
5:41
*Slowly puts my burger away*
Pellagra struck when Aztec flint corn was stolen after their defeat. The Aztecs figured out a process to unlock the micro-nutrients in this new corn, but did not share this process with their enemies, who got the starch but not the rest.
froggymusicman yep; in fact all native Americans that relied on maize as a staple food did. they traditionally soaked their corn in alkali water that released extra nutrients that were otherwise indigestible by humans. And what's more they were doing it for thousands of years, this is why they never suffered from Pelagara but it plagued westerners up till the Second World War
These guys are sneaky.
I mean, I doubt the Aztecs would be able to phrase it in that precise way, but people have been quite clever through the entirety of human history. It's quite possible the Aztecs didn't understand or misattributed why the nixtamalization worked to cure pellagra, but that certainly doesn't stop them from discovering the cure and using it. It doesn't take a functional knowledge of biochemistry to notice "Gee, the folks eating this treated corn don't get pellagra. I guess we should all be eating this stuff."
I'm quite certain that those grape juice makers were somewhat surprised when their juice was contaminated by some mold or fungus, but they didn't want to toss it out and when they drank it... found it had quite an interesting effect. "Can't explain it, boss, but daayyyummm… here try some..."
Sardonicus Okay point to the Christians or Jews (aside from Abraham) who ever sacrificed a human being by ripping out its still-beating heart so that the rain would come. I can wait.
I'm still sad that Dan left...
Who isn't?
MINIMAN of iron Same.
Great stuff !!!
You make me love history again.
Glad I know about this guy.
remember kids, a healthy diet saves lives
"Injected the victim's blood into each other" W.. T.. F..
Sounds like a cult ngl
UA-cam is recommending me this in 2020
I dont like where this is heading...
So hope you aren't dead.
@@tommydoez
Whos dead and why would you mistake me for them.
@@thisisahumanlol8255 sorry, 2020 happened and you know the masks making similar looking people look even more similar. Just uhh don't look into your tv at 1 am tonight and stare into the reflection of the window that's only visible by a crack in the curtains and I won't recognise you as dead for the next 5-8 years
@@tommydoez
Ok
honestly, my favorite episodes/series are about health or a pandemic
pls make more there awesome
It's video appear during my birthday and I'm happy to watch it