How to learn languages with cases | A few not so common tips...
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- Опубліковано 1 чер 2024
- Hey everyone!
It's been a while since my latest video in March, but I'm finally back with a new one! This time it's my somewhat unorthodox tips on how to make learning languages with grammatical cases a bit more fun and hopefully more effective... Hope you guys enjoy!
THE POLL IS NOW LIVE! Here's a link for you to help me decide the topic of the NEXT VIDEO!
/ @linguaepassione
Looking forward to your participation,
see you in the next one!
#languagelearning #languagetips #polyglot #grammar
![Italian guy speaking 9 languages! (+2) [Polyglot Language Snapshot]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/mXLkFZxt188/mqdefault.jpg)
![Italian guy speaking 9 languages! (+2) [Polyglot Language Snapshot]](/img/tr.png)
Does anyone else notice that after learning a lot about different languages and how they work, you sort of start to have personal preferences and ideas about how an ideal language should be? Or perhaps, how your brain would want to construct a language? So that you find yourself thinking "Why does my language use that kind of ending for this participle? I don't like that. I'd rather say it this way." The words that before were so fixed and firm, break down into strings of in themselves meaningless sounds, and you're constantly aware of them, and of the fact they could also be put together in some different fashion? It's almost spooky, like some part of your mind was dissolving with the language!
Even knowing each type of language would not give a perfect base for creating a new "Esperanto" because there are still some a priori language universals.
It happens to me in the sense that I try to come up with the most optimal language, and remove all "useless" or spare things. For instance, being a native Spanish speaker, I started thinking that my language would only have one word for "ser" and "estar", just like in English, and I would get rid of all conjugations, as long as you use the infinitive tied to the personal pronouns, such as in English. This would mean I would also remove the conjugation for the third person in English. From Spanish, I would leave how everything is said as it is read, and all letters (including vowels), always sound the same regardless of what position they take in a word.
Also, similar to how conjugations can be removed as long as you always use the personal pronoun of whoever or to whomever the action is being done (like in English), the same thing could be done to verbal tenses. So for example, if in Spanish we say "Lo haré" and "Lo haremos", and in English you don´t need the conjugation because you just say "I will do it" "WE will do it", then we could also get rid of the verbal tense by just saying "I/we do it + time reference" which in Spanish would be something like "Yo/Nosotros hacer eso + time reference".
Learning Romanian now, I am also finding things from the Romanian language which should obviously be removed, and therefore simplified, and other that should be applied to other languages, as it makes things much simpler. For instance, whereas in Spanish we have "ser" and "estar", and in English you can just manage with "is", in Romanian they have the same word for "ser", "estar" and "hay" ("is/are" and "there is/there are"). So basically, instead of saying "there is an ATM around the corner", they just say "is an ATM around the corner". Another example: "Are many questions in this test".
Je penses que tu devrais apprendre l’espéranto!
Yo no (not me)
I love languages with cases (even if I make a lot of mistakes). Grammar is fun. I am a German native, learned a bit of Russian at school and now started to understand and learn a bit of Tamil. Both languages have double fun factor: a beautiful alphabet and an interesting grammar which both motivates me very much.
I can see we have something in common then :))
undekagon I also love highly inflected languages and Tamil too. I like the sound of Tamil.
You're the only teacher I should've had in all my school life ⚘
Wow, this is a wonderful, wonderful comment... Thank you so much!
Vielen Dank Stefano für diese video. Jetzt lerne ich das Kasus im die Deutsch Sprache. Eure Tricks sind sehr Gut!
Hallo Fred, es freut mich, dass mein Video nützlich für dich sein kann - viel Spaß und viel Erfolg mit Deutsch! :)
Thank you for these amazing videos. I am a native Finnish speaker, but also speak a lot of other languages like Swedish, French...etc. You really motivated me to refresh my German skills again, because if you don't use it you will loose it 👍🏻
In Finnish, to say "I like something" ("pidän jostain") is the same expression as to say "I am holding onto something (with my hands)" ("pidän jostain [käsilläni])". I've wondered this myself and can pretty much understanding why liking something and holding onto something are mentally connected. But why, when you hold on to something in Finnish, you are actually holding *out of* something? It's like you were hanging from it with your hands! Is there a suggested mental image of not only clasping the thing in your grasp, but also somewhat using force so that you are pulling it towards yourself?
Languages and the mental images behind them are weird, but fascinating. In your own language you often don't even notice them. But then you start to learn other languages, and are left confused, why do people start things "up", or how do they speak "up"? Or why do the Germans say "Hör auf!"?
Liking something means you get pleasure out of it. Or, as a rule: opinions take elative. Consider: Mielipide: mind-hold or opinion; mielihyvä: mind-good or pleasure; mielipaha or mind-bad (you dislike something so much it's existence is an insult to you or something like that. Not sure if English has a word for it). Mielestäni (out of my mind) or minusta (out of me) translates as in my opinion.
In Finnish, when you hear a new place name, you can't know what place ending to use.
For example
Kitee -> Kiteelle (to Kitee)
Helsinki -> Helsinkiin (to Helsinki)
You either hear it first and then you know it, ask from someone or try to guess it.
Making mistakes with cases isn't a big thing as native speakers make mistakes too
really there aren't any rules behind it? wtf...
Your best bet is to learn the ones that take the allatiivi (-lle ending) as exceptions, as most places will take the illatiivi (-iin -oon - aan, etc.)
Whoa didn't even know that as a native speaker!!
@@linguaEpassione
@@timezz with places and cities, there's no rules. For example you can go to Espoo (EspooSEEN) or to Vantaa (VantaaLLE) or to Helsinki (HelsinkiIN) or to Kauniainen (Kauniaisiin). Both Espoo and Vantaa end with long vowels, so you'd think at least they'd be used same way, but no. Finnish is tricky. More you think about it, that much trickier it starts to feel, so if you try to learn Finnish, don't panic with how hard it is. I think it's a good advice to not stress about it. When not sure about something, you don't really need to know. Just say the name, and tell the rest with your hands when you're socializing with people. There's no rules, so use your time to learn something that actually has rules, and there's more than enough work to do with those cases too.
@@floralie3074 I see, thanks for sharing the info about the Finnish language, I really appreciate that. My native language (from the slavic group) is very irregular as well, but it's not even as half irregular as Finnish :O I want to start learning your language someday just to prove myself that I can do something that seems impossible.
Haha! I've used method #5 in German most of my German-speaking life. But my mistakes are actually driving me crazy. So I've decided to finally "clean it up". I've set myself the goal of doing my C2 test this summer and hopefully not making many Fallfehler in the process. We'll see!
Hey Lisa, thank you for your comment and it was a true pleasure to meet you and listen to your story the other day! :)
Thanks Stefano, I really enjoyed our lesson. Looking forward to la prossima volta!
I've user most of those methods for years... I've also have played accordion most of my life and learned music by listenning, not by notes..this has helped me a lot. You hear a sentence, you remember it and you just use it...
I just feel like I need to give some feedback as a native speaker of cases-based language :)
First of all - funny thing - years before I started to be attached to the languages and this entire language learning beautiful world I took German at school. I wasn't really good, I simply had no idea about what and how to learn so it was just like learning a night before for the test. Anyway, I always struggled with cases. Why? Because my teacher never told us that German cases exist in Polish and we can easily relate them to our cases while learning :D I realized after only couple of years that those bloody Akkusativ, Dativ and so on exist in Polish as well.
Then, after quite a long time I started with Russian and to this day I almost never focused on cases - basically, they are the same as Polish, and irregularities exist, but they are not that huge case, right? The same with Belarusian, I speak it fluently, but I would struggle with A1 level-type question like: which case is this word. I simply don't remember names of cases and their characteristics. Funny, shameful thing - I also don't remember what are the names of cases in Polish and which endings do they take(I mean, if someone asks which case it is thatfeminine word takes -u ending I would have to google it).
And now, I started with Georgian(high five again!) and I can totally relate to your last tip. As you know, in Georgian they use a lot of Dative instead of Nominative, so what did I do? I just speak and write and thus try to figure out when there is a Nominative and when Dative and so on. I think that after a time it's gonna sort out.
Anyway, cases is not the case in language learning :D Thank you for the video, greetings from Poland!
Einfach fantastisch! Ich bin begeistert Stefano 🤗👏👏👏 Du sprichst mir aus der Seele 😉
Danke Dir, Dominique, so einen schönen Kommentar weiß ich sehr zu schätzen! 🤗
In the years I've been teaching and learning Slavic languages, I've noticed teaching the cases one-by-one gradually greatly increases their acquisition and retention among students. Newer coursebooks tend to take this into consideration and split them up, sometimes even into specific uses with no more than one case discussed per chapter. My new Hungarian materials, on the other hand, despite generally sticking to the rule mentioned above, have the nine locative/prepositional cases lumped into 3 pages, which is far from enough space for the required amount of practice that lets my brain internalize them properly. Regardless of whether you're learning with a teacher or on your own, the best advice I can give is don't learn them all at once and stay away from materials that slap you with tables of any kind (unless it's for the sake of reference upon revision). As mentioned in the video, focus on the case's use(s) above all else. I find it interesting how much of this actually applies to tenses in languages such as English, where this approach was arrived at at least decades before the new strategies for cases in Slavic.
Thanks to this! Im currently studying Finnish language and its for my future career. Ive been struggling in understanding the endings of the words, though i understand the lessons. All grammatical cases sre not explained. Thats why i bumped into your channel. Kiitos!
Thank you for watching and commenting! All the best for your studies and career!
I’ve given up on several languages that I’d tried to learn, and now I’m back at square one. I think this will help, though
This makes so much sense - I have learned languages this way and become so fluent in some of them that natives believed I am a native, too, just from an other region than themselves. I think of grammar-learning as a pattern or a grid, first you get the main pattern right or use a very sparse or unprecise mesh, and by and by you make the pattern more detailed or make the mesh finer and finer. It is always best to connect your learning to something you are passionate about, be it flowers or car-racing or crocheting or music. Always use favourite songs and films when learning! Stopping and thinking about grammar when you chat with somebody absolutely destroys the communication for both participants, so just be ready to laugh if you happen to say something silly - so do relax and let it flow. When you have made a fool of yourself a dozen times, it does not matter anymore, only you selfconfidence has grown, when you realize you did survive it, and had some great fun!
This comment of yours is pure gold, thank you so much for sharing!
I loved all the tips. Mainly the last one. 😊
Thanks for your video! 😊 Especially for the last fifth tip 😉 Really inspiring!
Excellent tips! I've used the tips of finding logic and using verbs + prepositions for German and that's probably pretty much how I learned the cases. I'm doing the same for Latin and it's working out great...I've already learned many of the cases. I'll try to use the color tip for Russian.
Thank you!! I'm learning Slovak and I'm struggling so much with cases. It's easy to give up because of them. This will help thank you!!
I really like his tip on learning verbs along with the prepositions (and cases those prepositions take) that often accompany the verb.
Il video molto bello, molte grazie Stefano!👍
Grazie a te, Antti, per averlo guardato e commentato!
Yes, of course one should not let worrying about mistakes get in the way of using the language. On the other hand, if you really want to embrace the language, you have to embrace it's form, how it works; the structure. It's also possible to intergrate grammar in your learning. It's great that you are talking about this topic because many videos will describe the cases, but the issue is how to get to the point of using them so that most of the time you are using them correctly. In Russian, it is easy to remember Я хожу в школу. But, how to get to the point where you more automatically use the accusative case. It's an interesting question with cases I think. In the same way, it's interesting at what point does ones use of tones become more automatic.
Great tips! Danke Schön!
This is the best and most useful video regarding the study of language cases I was able to find on the Net. Congratulations! And thanks, thanks a lot for this valuable advice.
Thanks Stefano, your tips are similar to those I have read in the book "Fluent Forever", for example applying colors to the German nouns depending of their grammatical gender. I really recommend that book for everyone wishing to become a polyglot.
Really? Wow, I honestly didn't know! :-O I had obviously heard about the book but never read it. Well, I'm happy to hear that my ways are shared by other people who know a thing or two about language learning ;) Thanks for your recommendation as well!
1+3 work the other way as well! Few examples of this from a point of view of a Czech learning Portuguese who also studied Latin long ago:
Example 1. The use of "de" preposition in the pt equivalent of "I like music" - "Gosto da música" - doesn't make any sense. Until you realize 1. that one of main uses of "de" preposition is replacement of genitive case, and 2. that the same phrase in Czech uses accusative but that's quite recent development, genitive case was used instead.
Example 2. Use of "de" in phrases like "falar de alguém". It didn't make sense until I recalled name of Caesar's book: "Dē bellō gallicō". The long o's denote ablative case, equivalent cases in Czech are locative and instrumental. Czech phrase uses "o" preposition + locative.
Example 3. The "por" preposition didn't make pretty much any sense. Until I realized that it's descendant of latin "per" as much as latin "pro" and possibly as a use of ablative case. With this in mind, uses like "through" or "by" or "around" are much less incomprehensible for me. :)
I think this video is incredibly important. Thank you :)
(!) SOME TIPS I FOUND (!). sorry for the title lol
I saw someone on reddit say that you have to learn the word in accusative and learn basic grammar of cases, but forget about them and only recognise/spot them, and know why that case is there. I really like that tip since it helped me a lot.
After a while you get a feel for the cases, for example in polish i know that with an "a" turns into an "ę" if its at the end of the word in accusative. After not even that long time of practicing i can make correct guesses. Also, dont learn all cases at once. Go one or two at a time, and get a lot of examples.
NEW TIP???
Im not sure if it will work since i haven't tried it, but i'm just thinking, instead of learning "denken an + acc" you can learn "denken an" in the colour for accusative??
Came here from your easy italian episode. Thank you for making these videos!
Thank you for stopping by!!! :)
Vielen Dank für den Tips !
Thank you for these tips! I'm about to start learning Polish and feeling a little intimidated xD
Thanks for your comment, I'd be super happy if some of my advice can be helpful for you!
Thanks for the tips! No colors pop into my mind when I think of cases, however, I read a website about Czech grammar and the 6 main cases had specific colors. I will revisit that site to see whether their colors make sense to me :-)
Thank you for watching and for the interesting comment! Let me know if you can make use of colors to learn in the future :)
Czech is s language that I like also, but those cases seem so difficult.
Естествено съм впечатлена, уауууу. Thanks❤️
Nem vi e ja dei like lol... Stephano, vc estuda textos com áudios no idioma que vc aprende? Se a resposta for sim, faça um vídeo explicando como vc faz, por favor... Abraços teacher...
Bei mir ist es so:
Nominativ: Helles Rot
Akkusativ: Helles Blau, Gelb
Dativ: Orange
Genitiv: Grün
Lokativ: Rot, wenn Prepositional: Violett
Instrumental: Dunkles Blau
Denk daran, dass die Fälle haben eine Ordnung, also die Nummer hat auch Einfluss
Dass die Fälle eine Ordnung haben*
@@jancovanderwesthuizen8070 Dein Name sieht niederländisch aus. Hast du selbst Deutsch gelernt?
@@joelniv6718 Afrikaans. Nein, ich bin in Deutschland aufgewachsen
Mielenkiintoista! Շնորհակալություն:
Moi Laura!! Kiva että tykkäsit, ja kiitos itsellesi katsomisesta! :)
Hehe I was surprised to see that same color associations popped into my mind. Blue for genitive, red for accusative.
Oh and really helpful tips btw, they make a lot of sense.
Great to hear this was somewhat helpful to you, thank you so much for your comment!
Grazie Stefano, consigli molto interessanti :)
Grazie a te per il feedback :)
Questo video è uno dei tuoi più belli/utili!!
Grazie Davide, mi fa davvero molto piacere che ti sia piaciuto tanto!
Please, more videos about your way to practice pronunciation. Each language has its own difficulties...can you tell us how you made it to learn those many vowels sounds that you encounter in English, French, etc.
Es ist auch passend, Fälle mit Nummern zu assoziieren (?), z.B:
- Nom. ist 1, denn er ist der grundlegendste Fall und meistens hat es keine andere Endung
- Akk. ist 2, denn er ist der zweite grundlegendste Fall und manchmal ist er wie Nom.
- Dat. ist 3, denn er ist indirekt und die weniger grundlegende Version von Nummer 2 - Akk.
- Gen. ist 4, denn er ist einfach so in Deutsch geordnet, deswegen finde ich es logisch.
- Lok. - 5, - Ins. - 6 denn es ist so in Slowenisch.
Der Grund für Akk. ist SEHR wichtig. Zwar ist meine Ordnung wie die deutsch Ordnung, aber in Slowenisch sind Akk. und Gen. gewechselt und das schätigt das Verstehen der Fälle. Ich habe versucht, Logik zu finden wenn Akk. ist 4, aber ich kann nicht.
Wir können es besprechen in unserem nächsten Unterricht. Für jetzt Grüße aus immer noch kaltem Israel :)
Hi Joël, schon interessant, was Du schreibst! Ich denke mal, es ist schon passend, wenn dir das leicht fällt und beim Lernen hilft. Ich würde daraus ziehen, dass Du vielleicht etwas mathematischer veranlagt bist als visuell, könnte das sein? Ich dachte, ich würde dasselbe Problem, das Du für Slowenisch erwähnst, bei Isländisch haben (die Ordnung ist auch anders), aber es war dann im Endeffekt gar nicht der Fall und es hat mich überhaupt nicht gestört.
0. Nomiativ
1. Genitiv
2. Akkusativ
3. Dativ
und danach ist es mir egal ob erst Lokativ, Ablativ, Soziativ oder was es sonst noch so gibt kommt. Hauptsache Instrumental ist der letzte, unterste Fall. Das ist meine persönliche Präferenz und genauso Hilfreich wie die Farbkodierung.
I would've associated genitive with the colour yellow... idk why 😂
Janco van der Westhuizen It’s orange for me for some reason
I would have chosen yellow too 😂
It's green for me for some reason
Heheh thanks guys, it's fun to see how various it can get :D For me orange is dative, accusative is red and nominative is "obviously" black :D
@@linguaEpassione Accusative has to be red, no doubt about it. Dative is kind of unsatisfactory... I can't find one colour that would suit it perfectly
I`m having a problem with the verb Haber in spanish, thing is it does exist in my native romanian under the form Avea but i just can get to conjugate it right no idea way, if somebody can help please let me know.
Native speakers of non-declined languages often have a problem to grasp the concept of noun (and adjective) cases. This does not mean that mastering cases of another language is easy for a speaker of a declined language. Of course they are familiar with terms such as accusative and genitive and don't need a tutorial to understand them. Nevertheless, the case system of one's native language may differ substantially from that of the target language. Personally, as a native Greek speaker, I think that cases in Slavonic languages are quite complicated and irregular. Just try to use a numeral + an adjective + a noun in Russian or in Polish! On the other hand, I take comfort from the fact that when Slavs speak my language they also make mistakes, especially regarding article use! The use of cases in Greek can be described in a few words: nominative for the subject, accusative for the direct object (very few verbs govern the genitive), genitive for the indirect object and to connect nouns (except for quantity, which requires the accusative), accusative after most prepositions (only some prepositions in formal speech govern the genitive) and vocative to talk directly to people (or objects, if you are a bit nuts). To describe the use of cases in Georgian you need a whole page, especially when it comes to how to express the subjects and the objects of the verbs!
Mi piace molto l'idea dei colori. Ho sempre associato parole a colori, mi è sempre venuto naturale. Per qualche motivo il genitvo mi fa pensare al rosso ed ho pensato che anche tu vedessi lo stesso colore ma la tua risposta mi ha sorpreso ahaha. Io studio il greco moderno, non il tedesco!
Ciao! Hehe interessante come a me invece sembri strano il rosso per il genitivo :D Una volta ho spiegato questa cosa dei colori a un mio studente dicendo: per me il genitivo è blu... e lui ha risposto: be', certo che è blu! :D Siamo proprio strani a volte, noi umani... Grazie ancora del commento!
Grazie mille per i tuoi consigli, mi saranno certamente utili. Proverò sicuramente quello dei colori. Più che altro, la difficoltà che ho sempre riscontrato nei casi è che possono avere diverse funzioni e che la loro presenza non elimina per nulla le preposizioni... approposito, esiste una lingue senza preposizioni? Adesso cerco un po'. Grazie mille ancora, ciao! :-)
Mi sembra che la lingua ungherese usi soltanto casi grammaticali, suffissi e posposizioni, ma nessuna preposizione. Il fatto è che di casi ne ha all'incirca 18, il triplo rispetto al russo.
@@altf4218 Grazie mille per il commento. Effettivamente sono tanti ma almeno non ci sono troppe irregolarità, la prenderò sicuramente in considerazione! :-D
@@lucag.8941 Sok szerencsét, allora! È una lingua che ragiona in un modo diverso, non necessariamente più complicato rispetto all'italiano. Una cosa che aiuta molto è che sia l'ungherese che l'italiano possiedono le consonanti doppie.
Ciao Stefano,ti ho scoperto proprio ora grazie a easylanguage.Sono anche io un grandissimo appassionato delle lingue e in particolare della lingua ebraica.Al momento me la cavo molto bene con l'inglese e il francese e ho il B1 in tedesco.Spero di diventare anche io un traduttore o interprete...innanzitutto penso di farmi una maratona dei tuoi video ahaha
Con quale lingua lavori maggiormente?È difficile diventare un traduttore?Vi si trova lavoro anche grazie alla lingua con cui lavori?
@@pinguinoinsolenne445 Grazie Antonio, innanzitutto benvenuto sul canale! :) La lingua con cui lavoro di più è senz'altro il tedesco ma ti posso rivelare che se non avessi avuto il portoghese ad alto livello difficilmente me la sarei cavata a inizio carriera. Insomma secondo me sì, anche la combinazione linguistica è un fattore chiave. Per diventare un BUON traduttore ti consiglio di fare una BUONA scuola interpreti e traduttori, che adesso se non sbaglio è un corso universitario a parte, con laurea di primo e di secondo livello, e poi di fare tanta tanta pratica. Ah, da non dimenticare mai: la passione! Di quella ce ne vuole da vendere :D
@@linguaEpassione Grazie di tutto.Le lingue sono il mio mondo
Finn perkele
3. 4:30
4. 5:55
5. 7:52
All your content is amazing, i just wanted to say that everything looks amazing until you start learning Hungarian...
Thank you Juan! That's an interesting observation, and I do plan on learning Hungarian some day in the future, but as far as I know and I've read so far, Finnish should be a tiny little bit trickier than Hungarian (esp. because the latter lacks consonant gradation as well as adjective declension). But as I said, I'll look deeper into this when the time comes! :)