Lung Compliance and Elastance : Physiology USMLE Step 1

📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- / drgbhanuprakash
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Lung Compliance and Elastance : Physiology USMLE Step 1
Lung compliance and elastance are two important properties of the lungs that determine how easily they can stretch and recoil in response to changes in pressure during breathing.
Lung compliance refers to the ease with which the lungs can be stretched or inflated, and is defined as the change in lung volume that occurs in response to a change in transpulmonary pressure (the difference between the pressure inside the lungs and the pressure outside the chest). High lung compliance means that the lungs can easily expand and contract, while low compliance means that the lungs are stiff and difficult to inflate. Factors that can affect lung compliance include the elasticity of the lung tissue, the surface tension of the alveoli (tiny air sacs in the lungs), and the resistance of the airways.
Elastance, on the other hand, refers to the tendency of the lungs to recoil back to their original shape after being stretched. It is defined as the change in transpulmonary pressure required to produce a given change in lung volume. High elastance means that the lungs are stiff and resistant to deformation, while low elastance means that the lungs are more compliant and easier to stretch. Elastance is largely determined by the elasticity of the lung tissue, which is in turn influenced by factors such as the amount of connective tissue in the lungs, the presence of inflammatory or fibrotic lung diseases, and the overall health and age of the individual.
Both lung compliance and elastance play important roles in lung function and respiratory physiology. Changes in lung compliance and elastance can affect the work of breathing, the distribution of ventilation in the lungs, and the ability of the lungs to exchange gases with the blood. Disorders that affect lung compliance and elastance, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and pulmonary fibrosis, can have significant effects on breathing and overall health.
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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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Thank you so much sir for this lecture on compliance because i was totally confused when professor taught me in college and i was like that 😭 i am not getting their ideas and concepts what teachers want to inject on me . but your class clear it very well.

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[@SirajAlitanoli]

During inspiration volume of lungs increase not decreases.

[@Misbahsheikh-d6o]

Sir can we says that during inspiration the alveolar surface area increases and the surfactants are fixed and this fixed amt is distributed in over all an alveoli that's why the surface tension increases (surfactants are less) ????sir plz clear my doubt .

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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[@veenashree8073]

why compliance increases when surface tension decreases?

[@amiyodas6908]

Surface tension is a collapsing force. It cannot let the lung to distant. So if the surfactant decreases then the lung can expand easily thus Compliance increases

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[@ramyarengaraj9411]

Sir compliance difference in Apex and base of lungs due to?

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

The compliance of the lungs, which is the ability of the lungs to stretch and expand, varies between the apex (upper part) and the base (lower part). This variation is primarily due to gravity and the position of the lungs within the thoracic cavity.
Effect of Gravity: Gravity has a significant effect on lung compliance. When a person is standing or sitting upright, gravity pulls blood and tissue downward, which means there's more blood in the lower parts (base) of the lungs. This increased blood volume leads to better ventilation, making the base of the lungs more compliant than the apex.
Pleural Pressure Gradient: The pleural pressure is less negative at the base of the lungs compared to the apex. This is due to the weight of the lung itself, which compresses the alveoli at the base more than those at the apex when standing. This leads to the alveoli at the base being more compressed at the start of inspiration, and thus they are more easily inflated (i.e., more compliant) compared to the alveoli at the apex.

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[@doctorbhanuprakash]

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