I still remember going into a fab shop to check on a vessel they were building in the early 90's. They were putting the can sections together and all I could hear was "putt, putt, sizzle, putt, putt." coming from both welders. I double checked the weld procedure, took a short video on my old sony mavica camera and talked to the foreman. I asked him "what process are you using short circuit, globular or spray transfer" he looked at me like a cow at a new gate and said "mig, you idiot". I asked to use the phone and called the client. fifteen minutes later the owner showed up and shut the job down for a client visit. After another hour of light snooping I found enough other issues that the client rejected the vessel outright. they ended up cutting the pieces up for scrap. Heads, can sections, nozzles all had issues. I submitted my report and hit the road. The man rep later called me to say they scrapped the original plan and went back to submergerd arc and GTAW construction with a different material of construction. I guess that turned out alright because I never got the call to court, haha. That was the first vessel I condemned, boy was I nervous!
We run short circuit for everything, and have for over 25 years. Machines are Lincoln CV305 power units running 460v 3 phase, typical settings are 25-27v 450-525w/s with .040 er70s-6 wire running stargon (Argon/carbon dioxide/oxygen mix). Never had a problem, and routinely have stuff sent out for destruction testing (have 1" diameter d-rings come back shaped like footballs with zero weld fails on the clips). The gas we use does allow for spray transfer, but we're required to do a lot of overhead and vertical welding.
Anyone who is looking to actually make the short circuit work, some things I believe Red Beard could have touched on: he could have had much better luck on his short-circuit root if he had of stayed on the leading edge of the puddle jumping from corner to corner a bit faster instead of staying in the middle and allowing it to slowly fill the space up. If grinding is allowed, he could have also knocked down the convexity of the root a bit so the hot pass would have better success to to further melt the root corners in better. Thanks for the Video.
I'm 'on the job' taught, going 18 months now MIG'n everyday, don't usually weld anything over 5mm or 6mm , but definitely gonna think twice about maybe spraying when on those 5mm or 6mm items! Cheers!
Interesting. I'm a hack at this. A much better grinder than welder. But when I do weld, I make sure to direct the wire into the corners with a combination of gun angle and side to side motion. It just seemed to me that you were relying solely on the puddle to fuse into the base metal instead of using the arc force to punch the heat a little deeper. Am I off in left field here? Also, I'd like to see this done with both gasless and shielded flux core.
I would like to see this test in a less controlled application like you are saying by angling the gun into the corners instead of just relying on the puddle. Seems like it would have a better chance at passing that way.
No your seeing same mistake i see if you going to mig weld something that needs to hold mean ing if it made out off 1/2 thick metal your weld better be stronger. JUST a class 5 hitch on the back of my Rv pulling my Stacker trailer
I used 3/8 on our short circuit bend tests at school, and no problem getting penetration. In fact I had no cracks or anything on either the root or the face bend..
Same. Afterwards the teacher basically said it wasn't the recommended process for that thickness but he had us do it, because to pass everything had to be perfect; it made us better. Fun challenge, but for the thick stuff spray and dual shield is the way to go.
Me to. I passed two bends with short circuit MIG. My instructor made me do another one because the first one failed visual inspection, but neither one failed bend ;)
i think the problem is the technique used for root pass. with backplate you can’t reach both wall together, this caused the lof. without a backplate you have to wave from a border to the other, so the fusion is complete, never had a single problem
i have been a welder for almost 40 years ,in that time I have lost track of the number of welders I have worked with that confuse can not be done with should not be done or not recommended v.s will never work ever
I like it hot 42 volt , wire speed 450 low side 600 high side on dual trigger gun ,or or trigger lock @ 5 ro 550 depending on thickness. We used 92% arg 8% co2 , some times 90%arg , 8%co2 , 2% oxy to intensify spray on weaker machines .
Is "spray" "short circuit" and "gobular" settings you change on your machine or is it a formula of wire speed to amp/voltage to get the different effects?
You need to adjust the settings on your machine and select the propper gas, you can only get Short circuit or globular with CO2 and mixtures where the CO2 levels are higher than 18%, for Spray the commercial gas would be 90%Ar/10%C02, the change in transfer modes is because of the increase of voltage, you can have a 0.045" wire with 90/10 gas, 350 in/min, 22 volts and you get a short circuit, go around 24-26 volts you will see the heavy drops of globular, if you go with the same 350 in/min and up to 27-28 volts the spray transfer will develop
Short circuit, globular, & spray are "modes of transfer". Those words are welding terminology that describes how the metal is being deposited (aka transferred) from the wire to the base metal being welded. In the order I listed them, generally speaking they go from "coldest" to "hottest". How you as a weldor obtain those modes of transfer has to do with both WFS and Voltage. It's not a "button" on a menu somewhere. You can do more research on your own from Google, but basically your latter description is correct.
I've done downhill roots with . 035 wire and a quick hot pass with the same wire. All about 20 volts and 420 ipm. I did cover with a 7018. It was very good. Exray was first then an etch, followed by a bend. All was good. Metal was 3/8 with a 1/8 land and a 30° bevel. Bend test was A-OK
I have been welding for 20 years hold 30 plus certs. I have short circuit welded .0.35 75/25 co2 argon for years on heavy material never had an issue. You welded that short circuit at ridiculous low settings especially for flat and back up strip. Of course it broke if you ran normal setting. 0.35 24v 350 to 385 it would have passed no problem. All of my mig tests were done short circuit. Your spray was set high voltage it should pass. I welded at caterpillar for years and was welding 1.5 in thick steel short circuit. All welds ultrasound inspected never failed one weld. All in the settings.
Dean Rosner true Dean, it can be done,I’ve done it too. The trouble is it takes a combination of perfect settings and near perfect technique _ consistently. He mentioned”repeatability “, that’s the issue. It’s not common enough for all of the needed things to come together every time. A focused welder ,who knows how to set the machine for thickness/position/purpose/environment who can read every shift of the puddle split second by split second. It’s just like common sense- it’s not as common as it should be and therefore can’t be used as a standard safely. - neither can short circuit welding on structural.
On structural vert welds i run 19 210 never have any problems. I have welded thick material and welds were ultrasound and ndt magnet practical tested. its all how you can fine tune.welding is an art
Aren't the settings and gas the only difference between short circuit and spray transfer? I'm a tig welder, so I'm ignorant, but just googling around for spray arc settings puts the settings you listed in the spray transfer category.
@UC-AbAlY4QVoLlSaXx5yw0Wg its all in the settings if you have say 23 350 its not globular if you turned your wire down to say 300 you would see the globs form .if you turned the wire down even more you would see spray.
@@deanrosner2007 at 24v with 350ish WFS you'd be getting closer to spray transfer with higher argon content though. You also claim that globular transfer and spray are achieved by turning down the wire speed and that you must turn down the WFS to go from globular to spray? Spray: high current and WFS (220A+) in argon rich shield gas - high deposition, smooth, clean bead with very little spatter Cons: not good for thin material or out of position welding (unless it's a pulsed process) Globular: operates between the upper amp limit of short circuit to around 400A providing high deposition in flat position using CO2 rich shield gas and thicker wire Cons: poor arc continuity, excessive spatter, needs gravity to deposit droplets The processes aren't just turning your wirespeed down or up and short circuit is the lowest current/deposition rate method of the 3. Electrode size, gas content, weld current, and arc voltage are what makes them different and achieve the following characteristics- Short circuit: electrode contacts workpiece or weld puddle many times per second to transfer current which forms a short circuit (hence the name) melting the workpiece and electrode Spray: arc established through inert gas from electrode to workpiece, melting electrode and workpiece while magnetic forces from current pull the filler metal into the weld puddle Globular: arc established from electrode to workpiece through shield gas melting electrode until a droplet forms and grows large enough for gravity to pull it into the weld puddle.
I've passed the bend tests in 2, 3 and 4g w/short circuit- Always with a pull, not push angle, and keeping the wire on the leading edge of the puddle... Tha being said, I've seen more bend failures w/ Mig than any other process.
We used to give a 3/4 vertical up open root bend test, and then a 3/4 open root over head bend test after you got hired, and I've never seen a test fail that bad.
Educational, thanks for sharing. :-) I've been sticking things together for many years and I'm finally starting to pay attention and try to do a better job.
Me too without backing strap. It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion. I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing...
Corner cracks are pretty forgiving, however, don't forget that the examiner will always be checking that corner crack for signs of lack of fusion or slag inclusions, or other discontinuities that can be attributed to the welder. obviously depending on process.
One thing about Spray-Arcing; if you're making a pass anything over around 6" long, you need a water-cooled torch & better heat protection for your front hand.
So as long as you have enough amperage, voltage and wire speed and you use 95% argon/5% co2 gas you can spray weld is this correct? The reason I ask is I have a dimension 652 welder that is transformer based with a 400 amp torch so there is more than enough power but I wasn't sure if you needed an inverter based welder to spray-weld.
I find the best trick to passing a mig short circuit Bend test, keep your wire feed speed fairly low and manageable. A good rule of thumb is the 10/1 ratio. So if you're welding at 18 volts, turn your wire to 180 ipm.
The Best of both modes of GMAW transfer is Pulsed-Spray Transfer... IMHO will be the standard mode that will mostly replace Short Circuit Transfer, except on very thin sheet, in the years to come!
I have regularly welded pipe over 5/16 wall thickness without issue. Though I believe our setups are different. I run 0.35 wire 275-320ish @19.8V with 75/25 Argon/CO2 gas 1/8 to 5/32 gap on an open root. Downhill the root and up hill the rest.
I would like a comparison with true production welding settings. .045 wire around 27 volts and around 600 inches per minute give or take depending on machine. And I do agree spray is best for penetration and thicker materials along with globular transfer but also know short arc is common for weldments 3/8ths and below.
Forgive my ignorance - but is this part of training and certification for welders in general? Are there requirements to make this type of weld actually work, despite the difficulty, or is this just showing why this technique isn't suggested for this task? Would 5/16ths really have been better?
Have you ever considered just turning up your heat when using short circuit? Especially in the flat position, there is nothing stopping you from running that weld at 23-25v and a matching wire speed
Can you spray transfer with any mig welder? All you have to do is change gas and adjust your wire speed and voltage accordingly? I'm working with an old miller auto arc 255, with generic 1-6 voltage and 0-100 wire feed speed.
Pulse just combines the pros of both methods. Works for thin and thick, little to no spatter, welds out of position, good wash and bead appearance, and good deposition rate and electrode efficiency.
Another awesome video! But I've always welded in short circuit without backing strap in 3/8 plate and didn't fail . It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion. I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing...
Spray weld tested best. SMAW would do the same with old and super cheap technology. But cleaning up the slag is the negative. So I will agree with you about spray weld. Keep on a welding too. VF
Отличный опыт, пожалуй сохраню в ,,избранное,, впрочем, я догадывался, что факел дает лучшее проплавление, чем короткая дуга. Факел лучше переплавляет свариваемую поверхность и зона сплавления шире (это видно по ширине полосы побежалости), смешение расплава и проволоки лучше. Шов в итоге крепче. Спасибо за опыт, очень к стати.
Yeah I don't care what they say about structural using a Millermatic 250 in and Lincoln sp250 Annie Millermatic 252 the happiest I've done up to is I think 7/8 inch plate with a few passes and they heavy duty trailer works just fine no pulse
95/5 does not increase the heat transfer. It does the opposite. You need 80% or more Argon gas mix to create a spray transfer. It's the argon combined with the higher current and most of all, the higher voltage (I forget what the required voltage and wire feed is) that allows the process to be a spray transfer. Giving it a deeper penetration. The increase of Argon increases the pinch force causing molten droplets to form at the tip of the wire. I'd love to see a short circuit welding of this metal thickness done with 100% co2 gas shielding.
Yes. Exactly. Wrong technique here. About what I'd use on voltage too. A tad bit more wire speed on root and subsequent passes than you posted. Though hot/cap wouldn't probably bother to change.
I agree. I’ve qualified pipe procedures with short circuit from root to cap and pass every time. But I do understand the concerns when it comes to structural applications. This was a good example of that. When in doubt, get the flux cored out. 😉
Open root is not a prequalified procedure per the D1.1. CJP groove welds typically have a backing bar. When using a backing bar SC fails every time >5/16. On open root pipe SC is amazing. Better yet modified short circuit STT or RMD
If you're welding up hill backing or no backing it would pass with short circuit. When going uphill you get great heat input because the travel speed is so low. There is no risk of welding on top of your puddle and you always get good penetration. When doing flat and horizontal multi pass welds, spray transfer is the way to go because your efficiency is so much higher.
Wonderful video! Just a quick question, what is the gas flow rate for the spray transfer welding? I’m unable to find any documentation or guidelines for this. Thank you for your time. 🤙🏽
Jason, did you mention what size wire you used ? hope they were the same. I would like to see spray verses dual shield ,same size wire. I started using Esab 7100 Ultra dual shield after seeing Jody Collier using it with JD, that wire is exceptional and any position. wire so I wonder how it would stack up against spray mig as you can use the same 75/25 mix as regular short arc mig so you don't have to buy another gas which is also more expensive than 75/25. So now on anything over 3/16 I use dual shield and under short arc mig.. You tests are great keep up the good work.
@@fehu-soldadura the 7100 has a yield strength of 78 KSI and tensile of 88 KSI with 75/25 which is more than 7018 rods so plenty of strength in the 7100. this info I got from ESAB"S materials pdf.
Oh man in school I had to pass open rood plate .375 thick and pipe .375 in all positions plus a 6g super coupon with short circuit, it pretty much sucked.
Average short circuit transfer occurs between 16-21 volts, Globular transfer 21- 26 and spray (with a minimum of 85% Argon) w/.035" wire Dia. 26+ roughly.
Apologies if this is a dumb question. Can a Millermatic 210 be used for spray transfer? The machine says it's rated for 3/8" single pass but I have only ever done sheet metal / body work, never any structural welding so have only done short circuit MIG.
spray transfer is all about your settings and gas. start by changing you gas to 90/10 or 95/5 argon co2 cranking it to 24v and 350 wfs and tune it from there.
How can you compare short circuit to spray if you changed gas? By D1.1 that is a essential variable for the PQR, WPS & the WPQR. Good video love the content just doing a comparison video but changing the gas?
I mostly spray arc at work and I like running .045 wire at 27.5v and 375wfs with 90/10 gas. When my machine was new I could run it all day at those settings but now after about a year with the machine, I can maybe run 2’ total of weld before it starts sputtering and will then ruin the contact tip. I feel like I’ve kept good care of it and replaced consumables as needed. Any idea what could cause this? Thanks
@@fewtoes I'm no pro welder, but I've had a Miller 185 for 20 years and it started acting up on me. Replaced the liner. Back to normal. Then it started acting up again, so I purchased a new welder. While doing some comparison welds I noticed that the nut that holds the wire onto the ground clamp was lose. Tighten that up, back to perfect welds.
You have a shitty connection somewhere. Just fixed one I bought off a guy, it would stick all the time, The gas orafice was toast, so bell mouthed on the contact tip threads it was always loose. Was also missing the set screw to hold the gun liner.
Greg9504 Yep i had the factory ground clamp burn up on me. 211A machine and only 6 ga ground cable. When it should have been min 4 or at least 2 ga. Only found the issue when I smelled the rubber at the clamp end wire melting. It also melted the ground clamp bolt that held it on.
Thanks for the replies. I roll the machine all around the very bumpy shop floor everyday so that would make sense that a connection has gotten a little loose. I’ll have to check when I go back in
In my college class we did a 3/8 open root 3g mig weld (using short circuit) and both my root bend and face bend had no problems with it. I don’t see how this short circuit bend test failure isn’t on the welder.
I think Renan Santos has the answer. He said "It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because *the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion.* I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing..." *That sounds good to me too.*
Not cast. Cast is really finicky shit sometimes it works sometimes it dont. Try silicon bronze tig. works well for hard to weld parts. Or stick weld remember pre heat and keep the part hot during passes and try to cool as slow as possible. Good luck
In your short arc root pass, it looked like you were not "ahead" of the puddle. Your wire is not doing its job in creating a "trench" for the puddle to flow into. Its really hard to confirm this is whats happening in this video due to the angle of the camera but, I have passed this type of test, running short arc, by staying ahead of the puddle & quickly whip in a back fill.(this is not meant to criticize) thankyou for the video. 👍
No, the weld puddle is to fluid to make a proper weld, also downhill with spray lacks penatration leading to cracks/lack of fusion. For spray stick with flat and horizontal positions.
I still remember going into a fab shop to check on a vessel they were building in the early 90's. They were putting the can sections together and all I could hear was "putt, putt, sizzle, putt, putt." coming from both welders. I double checked the weld procedure, took a short video on my old sony mavica camera and talked to the foreman. I asked him "what process are you using short circuit, globular or spray transfer" he looked at me like a cow at a new gate and said "mig, you idiot". I asked to use the phone and called the client. fifteen minutes later the owner showed up and shut the job down for a client visit. After another hour of light snooping I found enough other issues that the client rejected the vessel outright. they ended up cutting the pieces up for scrap. Heads, can sections, nozzles all had issues. I submitted my report and hit the road. The man rep later called me to say they scrapped the original plan and went back to submergerd arc and GTAW construction with a different material of construction. I guess that turned out alright because I never got the call to court, haha. That was the first vessel I condemned, boy was I nervous!
"MIG, you idiot" 😂
We run short circuit for everything, and have for over 25 years. Machines are Lincoln CV305 power units running 460v 3 phase, typical settings are 25-27v 450-525w/s with .040 er70s-6 wire running stargon (Argon/carbon dioxide/oxygen mix). Never had a problem, and routinely have stuff sent out for destruction testing (have 1" diameter d-rings come back shaped like footballs with zero weld fails on the clips). The gas we use does allow for spray transfer, but we're required to do a lot of overhead and vertical welding.
Anyone who is looking to actually make the short circuit work, some things I believe Red Beard could have touched on: he could have had much better luck on his short-circuit root if he had of stayed on the leading edge of the puddle jumping from corner to corner a bit faster instead of staying in the middle and allowing it to slowly fill the space up. If grinding is allowed, he could have also knocked down the convexity of the root a bit so the hot pass would have better success to to further melt the root corners in better.
Thanks for the Video.
I had done this but I did not document it as you did.
I needed such a video to show to my clients...
Thank you...
I mean wow, the quality of your knowledge is outstanding. Thank you.
Best arc shots in the business.
I'm 'on the job' taught, going 18 months now MIG'n everyday, don't usually weld anything over 5mm or 6mm , but definitely gonna think twice about maybe spraying when on those 5mm or 6mm items! Cheers!
Interesting. I'm a hack at this. A much better grinder than welder. But when I do weld, I make sure to direct the wire into the corners with a combination of gun angle and side to side motion. It just seemed to me that you were relying solely on the puddle to fuse into the base metal instead of using the arc force to punch the heat a little deeper. Am I off in left field here?
Also, I'd like to see this done with both gasless and shielded flux core.
I would like to see this test in a less controlled application like you are saying by angling the gun into the corners instead of just relying on the puddle. Seems like it would have a better chance at passing that way.
No your seeing same mistake i see if you going to mig weld something that needs to hold mean ing if it made out off 1/2 thick metal your weld better be stronger. JUST a class 5 hitch on the back of my Rv pulling my Stacker trailer
I used 3/8 on our short circuit bend tests at school, and no problem getting penetration. In fact I had no cracks or anything on either the root or the face bend..
Same. Afterwards the teacher basically said it wasn't the recommended process for that thickness but he had us do it, because to pass everything had to be perfect; it made us better. Fun challenge, but for the thick stuff spray and dual shield is the way to go.
Me to. I passed two bends with short circuit MIG. My instructor made me do another one because the first one failed visual inspection, but neither one failed bend ;)
i think the problem is the technique used for root pass. with backplate you can’t reach both wall together, this caused the lof. without a backplate you have to wave from a border to the other, so the fusion is complete, never had a single problem
i have been a welder for almost 40 years ,in that time I have lost track of the number of welders I have worked with that confuse can not be done with should not be done or not recommended v.s will never work ever
I love your funny moments you put in the video :) Brightens my day
Baby shark... That got an out loud laugh. Well done.
I was expecting Mama shark next with a larger pair.
Frank Perkins they go through the whole bit. It is in the Hefner performance welding cart build series.
I like it hot 42 volt , wire speed 450 low side 600 high side on dual trigger gun ,or or trigger lock @ 5 ro 550 depending on thickness. We used 92% arg 8% co2 , some times 90%arg , 8%co2 , 2% oxy to intensify spray on weaker machines .
Is "spray" "short circuit" and "gobular" settings you change on your machine or is it a formula of wire speed to amp/voltage to get the different effects?
If I remember correctly, it's a setting. They require different gas mixes.
Just the parameter changes i think. Some machines might have presets, im not 100 percent though.
You need to adjust the settings on your machine and select the propper gas, you can only get Short circuit or globular with CO2 and mixtures where the CO2 levels
are higher than 18%, for Spray the commercial gas would be 90%Ar/10%C02, the change in transfer modes is because of the increase of voltage, you can have a 0.045" wire with 90/10 gas, 350 in/min, 22 volts and you get a short circuit, go around 24-26 volts you will see the heavy drops of globular, if you go with the same 350 in/min and up to 27-28 volts the spray transfer will develop
@@fehu-soldadura Thanks!
Short circuit, globular, & spray are "modes of transfer". Those words are welding terminology that describes how the metal is being deposited (aka transferred) from the wire to the base metal being welded. In the order I listed them, generally speaking they go from "coldest" to "hottest". How you as a weldor obtain those modes of transfer has to do with both WFS and Voltage. It's not a "button" on a menu somewhere. You can do more research on your own from Google, but basically your latter description is correct.
I've done downhill roots with . 035 wire and a quick hot pass with the same wire. All about 20 volts and 420 ipm. I did cover with a 7018. It was very good. Exray was first then an etch, followed by a bend. All was good. Metal was 3/8 with a 1/8 land and a 30° bevel. Bend test was A-OK
I miss welding 😖 I'm now on my third semester and will be starting back soon omg
I have been welding for 20 years hold 30 plus certs. I have short circuit welded .0.35 75/25 co2 argon for years on heavy material never had an issue. You welded that short circuit at ridiculous low settings especially for flat and back up strip. Of course it broke if you ran normal setting. 0.35 24v 350 to 385 it would have passed no problem. All of my mig tests were done short circuit. Your spray was set high voltage it should pass. I welded at caterpillar for years and was welding 1.5 in thick steel short circuit. All welds ultrasound inspected never failed one weld. All in the settings.
Dean Rosner true Dean, it can be done,I’ve done it too. The trouble is it takes a combination of perfect settings and near perfect technique _ consistently. He mentioned”repeatability “, that’s the issue. It’s not common enough for all of the needed things to come together every time. A focused welder ,who knows how to set the machine for thickness/position/purpose/environment who can read every shift of the puddle split second by split second. It’s just like common sense- it’s not as common as it should be and therefore can’t be used as a standard safely. - neither can short circuit welding on structural.
On structural vert welds i run 19 210 never have any problems. I have welded thick material and welds were ultrasound and ndt magnet practical tested. its all how you can fine tune.welding is an art
Aren't the settings and gas the only difference between short circuit and spray transfer? I'm a tig welder, so I'm ignorant, but just googling around for spray arc settings puts the settings you listed in the spray transfer category.
@UC-AbAlY4QVoLlSaXx5yw0Wg its all in the settings if you have say 23 350 its not globular if you turned your wire down to say 300 you would see the globs form .if you turned the wire down even more you would see spray.
@@deanrosner2007 at 24v with 350ish WFS you'd be getting closer to spray transfer with higher argon content though. You also claim that globular transfer and spray are achieved by turning down the wire speed and that you must turn down the WFS to go from globular to spray?
Spray: high current and WFS (220A+) in argon rich shield gas - high deposition, smooth, clean bead with very little spatter
Cons: not good for thin material or out of position welding (unless it's a pulsed process)
Globular: operates between the upper amp limit of short circuit to around 400A providing high deposition in flat position using CO2 rich shield gas and thicker wire
Cons: poor arc continuity, excessive spatter, needs gravity to deposit droplets
The processes aren't just turning your wirespeed down or up and short circuit is the lowest current/deposition rate method of the 3. Electrode size, gas content, weld current, and arc voltage are what makes them different and achieve the following characteristics-
Short circuit: electrode contacts workpiece or weld puddle many times per second to transfer current which forms a short circuit (hence the name) melting the workpiece and electrode
Spray: arc established through inert gas from electrode to workpiece, melting electrode and workpiece while magnetic forces from current pull the filler metal into the weld puddle
Globular: arc established from electrode to workpiece through shield gas melting electrode until a droplet forms and grows large enough for gravity to pull it into the weld puddle.
Nice spray shots! Most of us ‘knew’ this, but did no research. Now we know.
I've passed the bend tests in 2, 3 and 4g w/short circuit-
Always with a pull, not push angle, and keeping the wire on the leading edge of the puddle...
Tha being said, I've seen more bend failures w/ Mig than any other process.
Dumb question,does cutting the samples with a O/A torch anneal the weld and change the results of the test?
Not with a36 .high strength steel like T1 yes no flame cutting due to annealing only plasma or water or saw cutting
@@carolshawol6699 OK thanks,just thought they would band saw them. Makes sense.
No quench either on test plates! I used plasma on my 3/8 with no ill effect. O/A scarfing was the root failure in mine.
No, it's only mild steel.
We used to give a 3/4 vertical up open root bend test, and then a 3/4 open root over head bend test after you got hired, and I've never seen a test fail that bad.
Look at the gas, wire speed, voltage, backing plate dude was using... LOL
@@stevehartlieb The stickout looked as much as the transfer
Most places I've worked have Implemented a rule of thumb policy, for where we have materials greater than 3/16", we use dual shield Flux Core
Educational, thanks for sharing. :-) I've been sticking things together for many years and I'm finally starting to pay attention and try to do a better job.
That's a nice set of dies you built !
Abomb79 made the bend rollers.
Great illustration thank you 🙏🏾
I do pulse on my multi-matic 255, its sort of like spray transfer and makes decent looking beads with c10. I really need to try some spray though.
I’ve Never had a problem running a short circuit on 3/8 passed quite a few of them
It was also open foot
Root
Me too without backing strap. It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion. I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing...
@@renanstreetsk8 Me too. With 60 degree included angle. The one spray test did not look 3/8" thick too???
Corner cracks are pretty forgiving, however, don't forget that the examiner will always be checking that corner crack for signs of lack of fusion or slag inclusions, or other discontinuities that can be attributed to the welder. obviously depending on process.
Could you show us an uphill open root, root pass with mig?
It can be done but it's a pain in the ass at least on pipe anyway.
@@leroy420b naa thats easy. H-L045 is a must have.
Always good content. Learning. Thank you.
One thing about Spray-Arcing; if you're making a pass anything over around 6" long, you need a water-cooled torch & better heat protection for your front hand.
So as long as you have enough amperage, voltage and wire speed and you use 95% argon/5% co2 gas you can spray weld is this correct? The reason I ask is I have a dimension 652 welder that is transformer based with a 400 amp torch so there is more than enough power but I wasn't sure if you needed an inverter based welder to spray-weld.
I find the best trick to passing a mig short circuit Bend test, keep your wire feed speed fairly low and manageable. A good rule of thumb is the 10/1 ratio.
So if you're welding at 18 volts, turn your wire to 180 ipm.
Very solid tips, thank you
Ok, I really need to ask. Where do you guys get those sweet gas bottle covers labelling what's inside ?
My current teacher in trade school has me running 225 volts is that too hot? With wire feed speed of 19.5 in a min are the settings off Alil bit?
The Best of both modes of GMAW transfer is Pulsed-Spray Transfer... IMHO will be the standard mode that will mostly replace Short Circuit Transfer, except on very thin sheet, in the years to come!
I have regularly welded pipe over 5/16 wall thickness without issue. Though I believe our setups are different. I run 0.35 wire 275-320ish @19.8V with 75/25 Argon/CO2 gas 1/8 to 5/32 gap on an open root. Downhill the root and up hill the rest.
....pipe isn’t structural bud
I would like a comparison with true production welding settings. .045 wire around 27 volts and around 600 inches per minute give or take depending on machine. And I do agree spray is best for penetration and thicker materials along with globular transfer but also know short arc is common for weldments 3/8ths and below.
It's not mentioned in the video , but Jason is using 0.035" wire here.
Forgive my ignorance - but is this part of training and certification for welders in general? Are there requirements to make this type of weld actually work, despite the difficulty, or is this just showing why this technique isn't suggested for this task? Would 5/16ths really have been better?
Can you do a bend test on spray transfer with higher voltage. Like at least 23.5 volts? Bend test that...I agree that was cold for 3/8 plate boss
Have you ever considered just turning up your heat when using short circuit? Especially in the flat position, there is nothing stopping you from running that weld at 23-25v and a matching wire speed
That does quite sound like short circut, but more of a spray
@@stevehartlieb would still be short circuit if using 75/25 gas
Thanks man. Appreciate the effort of video. Education plus tom foolery good mix.
For qnything above what short circuit is capable of, I went straight to flux core.
Should add more heat by using short circuit to get better bend test!
And Less stickout
Can you spray transfer with any mig welder? All you have to do is change gas and adjust your wire speed and voltage accordingly? I'm working with an old miller auto arc 255, with generic 1-6 voltage and 0-100 wire feed speed.
He's using the same mig short circuit settings that I use for 1/8" square tubing welding. Still though, excellent information as usual from red beard!
Too much stickout for short circuit
Very nice vdo. Clear understanding. 👍
Please make some comparisons of PULSE MIG vs SHORT CIRCUIT vs SPRAY
Pulse just combines the pros of both methods. Works for thin and thick, little to no spatter, welds out of position, good wash and bead appearance, and good deposition rate and electrode efficiency.
Increase wire feed speed a skosh for the root. Arc won’t fan out so much and will punch in better. Talking spray
Another awesome video! But I've always welded in short circuit without backing strap in 3/8 plate and didn't fail . It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion. I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing...
i have a question. c10 use for Short Circuit?! good or not?!
Spray weld tested best. SMAW would do the same with old and super cheap technology. But cleaning up the slag is the negative. So I will agree with you about spray weld. Keep on a welding too. VF
Отличный опыт, пожалуй сохраню в ,,избранное,, впрочем, я догадывался, что факел дает лучшее проплавление, чем короткая дуга. Факел лучше переплавляет свариваемую поверхность и зона сплавления шире (это видно по ширине полосы побежалости), смешение расплава и проволоки лучше. Шов в итоге крепче. Спасибо за опыт, очень к стати.
Yeah I don't care what they say about structural using a Millermatic 250 in and Lincoln sp250 Annie Millermatic 252 the happiest I've done up to is I think 7/8 inch plate with a few passes and they heavy duty trailer works just fine no pulse
I passed my first 3g with short arc. And what would be considered cold. I’m certified in all weld process and still trust short. Maybe more practice.
Great video
I took a mig open root short circuit had no problem with it.
Intresting. . Thank for this video educational for me. . 🧑🏭🙏
podrias hacer mas videos mas detallado soldado con spray?
95/5 does not increase the heat transfer. It does the opposite.
You need 80% or more Argon gas mix to create a spray transfer. It's the argon combined with the higher current and most of all, the higher voltage (I forget what the required voltage and wire feed is) that allows the process to be a spray transfer. Giving it a deeper penetration.
The increase of Argon increases the pinch force causing molten droplets to form at the tip of the wire.
I'd love to see a short circuit welding of this metal thickness done with 100% co2 gas shielding.
I used 98/2 Spray-Arc Steel & straight Argon on Aluminum For over 10 years. That works, & will pass any test (when done right).
If it had an open root configuration it would have never failed, all uphill passes
Root@ .035 17.2v 170ipm
Hot@ 18.9v 200ipm
Cap @ 18.5@180ipm
Yes. Exactly. Wrong technique here. About what I'd use on voltage too. A tad bit more wire speed on root and subsequent passes than you posted. Though hot/cap wouldn't probably bother to change.
I agree. I’ve qualified pipe procedures with short circuit from root to cap and pass every time. But I do understand the concerns when it comes to structural applications. This was a good example of that. When in doubt, get the flux cored out. 😉
Open root is not a prequalified procedure per the D1.1. CJP groove welds typically have a backing bar. When using a backing bar SC fails every time >5/16. On open root pipe SC is amazing. Better yet modified short circuit STT or RMD
"Prequalified joint design" i meant to type
If you're welding up hill backing or no backing it would pass with short circuit. When going uphill you get great heat input because the travel speed is so low. There is no risk of welding on top of your puddle and you always get good penetration.
When doing flat and horizontal multi pass welds, spray transfer is the way to go because your efficiency is so much higher.
Thanks for sharing
Excellent vid by the way!!!
Thanks for watching
For some reason you rarely hear or see these weld videos talk about globular transfer, like the only options are short circuit or spray ????
Wonderful video! Just a quick question, what is the gas flow rate for the spray transfer welding? I’m unable to find any documentation or guidelines for this. Thank you for your time. 🤙🏽
20-25 is fine (20 years welding structural/ CWI / Weld instructor)
I have to do a bend test on a 3/8” plate with no back plate, doing vertical uphill with mig, on a 1/8th inch gap. Idk how I’m fixing to do that
I prefer globular transfer 75/25 and 21volts
Jason, did you mention what size wire you used ? hope they were the same. I would like to see spray verses dual shield ,same size wire.
I started using Esab 7100 Ultra dual shield after seeing Jody Collier using it with JD, that wire is exceptional and any position. wire so I wonder how it would stack up against spray mig as you can use the same 75/25 mix as regular short arc mig so you don't have to buy
another gas which is also more expensive than 75/25. So now on anything over 3/16 I use dual shield and under short arc mig..
You tests are great keep up the good work.
Tensile properties with Dual Shield 7100 Ultra should be higher
@@fehu-soldadura the 7100 has a yield strength of 78 KSI and tensile of 88 KSI with 75/25 which is more than 7018 rods so plenty of strength in the 7100. this info I got from ESAB"S materials pdf.
When I worked at Cat we ran spray transfer 75/25 argon/Co2 with .045 Lincoln L-98 wire it gives very consistent welds for flat and horizontal welds.
Can you do a video on how to stay cool while welding?
When you get too hot your ballsack expands in size, gaining surface area and allowing more air to cool said area.
what kind of wire did you used?
Have you don a comparison of innershield mig vs shielded mig?
Oh man in school I had to pass open rood plate .375 thick and pipe .375 in all positions plus a 6g super coupon with short circuit, it pretty much sucked.
But I assume you eventually did right? Because it is taught in schools. Many people have to do it everyday.
During the spray arc root he was shaking like a dog shitting glass. lol
can i spray arc with a millermatic🟦 185?🟦
Average short circuit transfer occurs between 16-21 volts, Globular transfer 21- 26 and spray (with a minimum of 85% Argon) w/.035" wire Dia. 26+ roughly.
That spray is nice
Can too voltage being too high cause a failure?
great job marine
axial spraying works only with high thickness .
Apologies if this is a dumb question. Can a Millermatic 210 be used for spray transfer? The machine says it's rated for 3/8" single pass but I have only ever done sheet metal / body work, never any structural welding so have only done short circuit MIG.
You really need 26 volts or higher on a mig and a minimum 90% argon.
It depends upon the wire diameter really. Yes you can, but no you probably don't want to depend upon it for daily use.
spray transfer is all about your settings and gas. start by changing you gas to 90/10 or 95/5 argon co2 cranking it to 24v and 350 wfs and tune it from there.
You can, but need proper gas, and would most likely max out the duty cycle on it quickly
What gas was used on short circuit mig ?
How can you compare short circuit to spray if you changed gas? By D1.1 that is a essential variable for the PQR, WPS & the WPQR. Good video love the content just doing a comparison video but changing the gas?
Spray transfer needs a higher Argon content in the gas mix, hence why he changed gas when he switched over to spray.
I mostly spray arc at work and I like running .045 wire at 27.5v and 375wfs with 90/10 gas. When my machine was new I could run it all day at those settings but now after about a year with the machine, I can maybe run 2’ total of weld before it starts sputtering and will then ruin the contact tip. I feel like I’ve kept good care of it and replaced consumables as needed. Any idea what could cause this? Thanks
ground clamp/wire? stinger liner? Oh yah, is the metal clean? Mig/Tig doesn't like scale or rust or oil.
@@fewtoes I'm no pro welder, but I've had a Miller 185 for 20 years and it started acting up on me. Replaced the liner. Back to normal. Then it started acting up again, so I purchased a new welder. While doing some comparison welds I noticed that the nut that holds the wire onto the ground clamp was lose. Tighten that up, back to perfect welds.
You have a shitty connection somewhere.
Just fixed one I bought off a guy, it would stick all the time,
The gas orafice was toast, so bell mouthed on the contact tip threads it was always loose. Was also missing the set screw to hold the gun liner.
Greg9504
Yep i had the factory ground clamp burn up on me. 211A machine and only 6 ga ground cable. When it should have been min 4 or at least 2 ga.
Only found the issue when I smelled the rubber at the clamp end wire melting. It also melted the ground clamp bolt that held it on.
Thanks for the replies. I roll the machine all around the very bumpy shop floor everyday so that would make sense that a connection has gotten a little loose. I’ll have to check when I go back in
I'm realizing just how uneducated i am now
That's why we're here, lol.
Ditto!! And I'm currently in weld school.... UA-cam has taught me more
I don't care for Mig, but that spray is super impressive.
Use it right, and it'll do right. As per a bend or acid test.
Dont they sell porcelen backing in USA? We USE that alot in NORWAY.
but how to weld a root pas whitout backing with spray? (for multi layer welding on thick material) It would be to hot and to much wire.
What about MIG processes on stainless? Does the same principles apply as steel?
Yes and no, it’s much different
Lincoln STT is what i use.
Jajajajaja love your show men from Miami FL
@Weld.com What gas did you use for the short circuit test?
75/25
In my college class we did a 3/8 open root 3g mig weld (using short circuit) and both my root bend and face bend had no problems with it. I don’t see how this short circuit bend test failure isn’t on the welder.
I think Renan Santos has the answer. He said "It seems to me that the 90º angle caused this because *the wire was on top of the puddle, causing the lack of fusion.* I would like to see another test on this plate but with, idk, maybe 45º angle and more concentration on the plates and not in the backing..." *That sounds good to me too.*
Stupid question... Can you use spray welding to fill/weld a cast iron part? Great video
Not cast. Cast is really finicky shit sometimes it works sometimes it dont. Try silicon bronze tig. works well for hard to weld parts. Or stick weld remember pre heat and keep the part hot during passes and try to cool as slow as possible. Good luck
I have had great results with ER70S-6, 75/25 and preheat
Can you do the same with 3/16 in
Any idea what the CFM settings were?
In your short arc root pass, it looked like you were not "ahead" of the puddle. Your wire is not doing its job in creating a "trench" for the puddle to flow into. Its really hard to confirm this is whats happening in this video due to the angle of the camera but, I have passed this type of test, running short arc, by staying ahead of the puddle & quickly whip in a back fill.(this is not meant to criticize) thankyou for the video. 👍
It's not that you can't pass. It's just not pre-qualified because it's not repeatable.
so if you would use short circuit with higher settings to get more penetration would it mean too much heat to the piece or something?
Hell no! If he put it up to 24 it mightve passed
higher settings are needed to pass the test under these conditions, yes. thing is, those higher settings are what creates spray transfer.
james blond true spray transfer doesn’t occur with your 75/25 mix. Cranking the settings just gives you a faster and steadier short circuit
can you weld uphill with spray welding?
No, the weld puddle is to fluid to make a proper weld, also downhill with spray lacks penatration leading to cracks/lack of fusion. For spray stick with flat and horizontal positions.
You can, IF it is pulsed spray.