I love how most of the time it is like "actually no X dinosaur/extinct thing wasn't a giant monster; it was actually like 3 ft tall and ate fish" and then T-Rex just keeps getting scarier the more we learn about it
@@storotso You say that, but when I told a friend of mine about a bear that crossed the road in front of me, the conversation led to "If not friend, then why friend shaped?"
And we're min8ng them to make batteries for cars no one wants to fight a fallacy known as " climate change". If not for how horrifying it is it would be funny.
@@TheMattTrakker yeah, could you imagine the size of rock that would be needed to fossilize enough of a megalodon for scientists to get an accurate look at its shape and size?
Part of the "dark oxygen" name was from the decades old mystery of why the oxygen levels increased with depth, in some places dramatically. Like dark energy; hidden.
6:50 Note if we *did* find a T-rex fossil that large, it would no longer be maximal, because statistics would then force us to re-increase our estimate of the upper bound.
@@The_PokeSaurus I think it's just kind of common sense, isn't it? When you have 28 of 52 million (or whatever the numbers he used were)...yeah, there was probably some percentage that was bigger. There are always outliers.
@@TheMattTrakker I just think The Average size is more important to learn, even if some Tyrannosaurus could grow to titanic sizes those individuals would be so rare and have little long-lasting impacts on their ecosystems.
I always wanted to be a paleontologist since i was a kid ever since i opened my first dinosaur book. So when i turned 18 I went to college and failed my first 2 semesters of math and English so i guess I'm too stupid in the eyes of big US education to get that piece of paper (my degree) so i gave up on my dream right away. So I deeply appreciate these veteran paleontologists saying how crucial amateurs are to the science
I’m seeing some other people in these replies saying that it’s not hard or a skill issue, so I just want to let you know that they’re wrong. College classes are very different from earlier education, and it’s definitely a big adjustment. I’m in my second year of college right now and the first time I ever failed a class hit me HARD. But it taught me some things about how I learn and go about classes, and I used that to not fail another class (so far lol). People say if at first you don’t succeed, try again. But they’re missing a step in the middle there: if at first you don’t succeed, find out why, and then try again. I’d suggest talking to an advisor or someone you trust who has been in college and get their advice on how to take good notes that are concise and you personally find helpful. Do you learn visually? Have diagrams, pictures, drawings, or videos in your notes. You you do better with audio? Record your lectures. Written word? Bullet points might be helpful. Do you prefer hands/on or examples? That’s a bit tougher, but maybe writing down practice equations or examples from your imagination for non-math classes could work. Also find out how to study. Making up rhymes or anagrams to memorize things, flash cards to identify pictures or remember definitions, and so on. A lot of people make the mistake of trying to force themselves into a learning style because they don’t know there are different ones. That’s bad. If you got straight A’s in Highschool without studying then trust me when I say LEARN HOW TO STUDY. You will fail tests in college if you don’t. I know I did. Talk to your teachers. In person or email doesn’t matter, but if you’re falling behind and ask them instead of just letting shit get worse then they’ll almost always be willing to help. Sometimes they even give you more help than you asked for. Procrastination is definitely a big issue, but my advice that works for me (mostly) is to act like the final due date is a coulee days before the real one, use timers for breaks when working, and above all else to join a study group or at the very least study/do homework while around others who know you should be working. The social pressure tends to be a good motivator to not switch to a non-work activity. Sometimes the professor is just terrible! And you can’t do shit about that. Rate My Professor is a great site that can tell you if a professor is garbage before you sign up for the class so check there if there is a class for the same credit with a different professor before you sign up for any classes. If there’s not a page for the teacher on there, ask other students who have taken that class/had that teacher if possible. It’s seriously so important. I know my advice is unasked for here, but seeing people in the replies being so callous bothered me a lot and I want you to know that while failing a couple classes can be extremely demotivating, it’s not the end of the world and isn’t always your fault. You just didn’t get taught the right skills, and that’s okay. You can always try again, this time switch the knowledge of what went wrong so that you don’t make the same mistakes again. You might make new ones, but as long as you take steps to ask for help before it’s too late then I wholeheartedly believe that you can succeed.
I really appreciated the discussion points around entering palaeontology later in life. It’s something I would love to do later in life but isn’t on the cards at present other than as an interest and very infrequent hobby
I think the title is a little misleading. The study is speculating about the potential size of the absolute biggest specimens of t-rex that could’ve ever lived. Not the size of t-rexes in general. In fact, the study seems to kinda confirm that our understanding of their size is fairly spot on, if the theorized grow curve is accurate. Not to mention that it goes both ways, we have also not found the smallest t-rexes and they could’ve grown a lot smaller than any adult t-Rex we’ve found. It’s like saying humans are bigger than we thought because this one guy in the 20s was 2.7m tall.
I reckon that if alien paleontologists came to earth 10 million years from now & dug up the bones of Peter Dinklage and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar they’d probably have a hard time believing they were members of the same species.
You realize the 60% increase would apply to every other Dinosaur right?. Heck it would apply to spinosaurus and other more Fragmentary dinosaurs far more than Extremely well supplied and reaserched Trex. You never know, before you know it Giga Might be 80% larger than its current size 🤷♂️
You should try to get those two gentlemen on the show more often. Their knowledge, and presentation of said knowledge itself has been an absolute joy as a viewer, and I had to stop at 16:00 to acknowledge it before going any further. Great stuff. Your channel is an inspiration!
Former estimates by '20s to '70s scientists scaled the T.rex at about 50ft long and 20ft tall. Now, circumvent these estimates with more modern evidence and sophisticated scaling, the largest specimens would've reached approx. 45ft long and stood no taller than 5 meters. This is stems from current specimens we've uncovered recently like Trix (792.000), Stan (BHI 3033), and Thomas (LACM 150567).
Regarding kids and fossil hunting, I have two (aged 6 and 4) and they're taxonomy wizards as well as being closer to the ground. We have a small but very diverse garden, full of edible and poisonous plants, and when we tell them which are which, they never forget or make mistakes -- they just keep asking questions and learning. They even remember better, and identify species quicker, than we do. Again, this despite them being really young. My wife and I figure that pattern recognition was huge evolutionary advantage for our own species at one point, so it's not really that surprising. They're very good at fossil hunting, too. Tip: if you're wondering if you've found bone or a rock, lick your finger and stick it to the surface. Fossilized bone will feel "sticky" when you pull it away, whereas stone will not.
@@SoupEaterK They weren't, they were pointing out children being good at pattern recognition as part of human development. They are using their own kids as an example.
@@SoupEaterK Yeah, no, sorry if it came across that way. My kids can't even read, lol. I've spent hundreds of hours trying to teach them the same sounds over and over, and we are making progress, but it's an absolute slog. But tell them one time what plant is poisonous and they immediately know it.
1. Those kids sound cool, you must be so proud of them 2. THANK YOU I have asked many people how licking the rock works but no one has ever told me WHY it works, thanks
Those two accomplished scientists presented their findings in the most captivating and concise manner, of all the people you ever had on. I'd love to hear from them again some time. Maybe as an expert for future discoveries ;))
"In other news, Scientist now believe that Tyrannosaurus did reach to sizes comparable to Godzilla, but in their latest scientific models T.rex may have grown to size...of Galactus"
That interview with the paleontologists was stellar! Always great to hear and see what academics with decades of experience feel about what they do! I wish I lived closer to a plentiful fossil area! Only been to a place like that once, and all I got were some crinoids! ☹
Thats very touching for Jeremy to vouch for his mate's name on the Dino. I love that Nick Chase just collected, then delighted that he found a real specimen, donated it to science! Its a real calling, to just gather data and hand it out. Its maybe the most charitable thing you can do with your life, as people will build on the data, one way or another.
Hearing those guys say that amateurs and casuals are important made me very happy. I don't have the skills necessary to complete a college course for paleontology and that does bum me out, but I am completely satisfied being an amateur.
That 70% increase seems fantastical, and it's a brilliant case of being unverifiable to boot. However, that's the headline "Scientists believe the T-Rex could be 70% larger", it's much more sexy than "computer models predict 1 out of 2.5 billion could have possibly been up to 70% larger."
It's good statistics work based on what we know about current animals though. Take a look at humans, the average currently living human, across males and females, measures around 1.64 cm, the tallest man ever was 2.77, 70% taller. And we are not talking about height or length here, we are talking about mass. I had trouble finding the average weight of a human, but lets go with something real heavy, lets say 100kg, the heaviest person ever, Jon Brower Minnoch, weight around 635kg. If you saw an average human, and then said, well I think they can grow 600% heavier and 70% taller, it would sound more than fantastical, but it is, in fact true.
It's called clickbait, yes even scientists do it. Remember the "we found aliens" post but it's just some random planet we calculated using math that "may have water" hundreds of lightyears away. This is the same as the 23 ton spinosaurus and the 200 ton argentinosaurus, mythical estimations to make it sound exciting. People have gotta realize any weight and soft tissue estimations (yes even the lips theory) is just a theory. We have literally no proof on the soft tissue of t Rex. Don't even get me started on the megalodon bs. Telling us how a shark looked from it's teeth and jaws alone
@@Yattayattathat's... Not how it works. Humans are different. youre never gonna find say an elephant that's the exact same species as another elephant that happens to be 70% bigger. Variations to this degree don't really exist in nature. We are also extremely similar to chimpanzees genetically speaking, much closer related than say a t Rex and a tarbosaurus, and yet we look much more different. This is one of the reasons why people believe the "humans are aliens" shit. I'm not even gonna get into sexual dimorphism, like in some species the female could literally be twice the size of the male, but that doesn't happen in humans
@@VYDEOS2 African savannah elephant males weigh 6000kg as adults. Look it up for yourself, the heaviest one we have on record was 10866kg. That is in fact 80% over what you'd normally find. So that was in fact not accurate what you just said.
@@Yattayatta in weight. Not in size. There are many factors that contribute to weight. Two same sized people can have one being twice as heavy. If we were to find that elephants bones, we would see it being slightly bigger than the average elephant, the average being 10-11 feet tall at the shoulder and the biggest elephant being 13 feet. The thing here is people are overweight because of our diet, and obesity issues. In nature that doesn't exist. A fat housecat could probably be 3 times as heavy as a wild cat the same size due to food. I guess it's possible for there to be a particularly fat t Rex, but that wouldn't make it bigger at least in it's skeleton, just bigger in soft tissue, which we'd never know anyway. This is still very different from people with gigantism which we can easily tell from their bones, or dwarfism which is another condition we can see
Finally some news that isn’t just more information dashing my dreams. Feel like I’ve become accustomed to “the o would actually be smaller than expected” or “this process is a natural phenomenon and is not signs of life”
They're always trying to increase the maximum size estimates for T. Rex. A few years from now they'll be saying it'll max out at 20 tonnes and 20 metres.
Beautiful video ben & co. Absolutely loved seeing some old timers sharing their expertise on-location about dinosaurs and geology in a longer form vid. Not many people are so interested in such things where I live.
@@sirjoesphjoestar8361Actually no but I do know it will get upsized to even 28m 92.8feet by paleontologist apexzious,the 25m I just read from one of the 2024 paper articles..I dont remember which one Also in couple of months, new meg study coming up
Narrator years from now: The mining corporations delved too greedily and too deep. You know what they awoke in the darkness of the abyss... shadow and flame.
Little Balrogs which only get detected after grown to big and after it’s to late. Well, as long as the elites 😈👹 of the world get their precious recourses, money and might…….
The drawing of the hypothetically largest t-rex is still much smaller than the ones in Jurassic Park, and still not capable of biting a car :) The t-rex skulls in a local museum here are about a meter long, not nearly so large as often imagined
Hearing Dr. Jeremy Lockwood talk about going into palaeontology so ‘late’ is so reassuring. I always feel like I won’t get to do everything I want to do, but I don’t have the means to retrain right now.
I can't believe we're going to have to explain to people that the whole size estimates thing isn't something unique to t rex and applies to literally everything living or extinct
When Chinese is Romanized to use the alphabet with which we are familiar, Q is pronounced as a "Ch" sound and X is pronounced as "Sh". So the Qianzhou in Qianzhousaurus sinensis would be more closely pronounced Cheeannzhoh and the Xiu in A. xui would be pronounced more closely to shwee.
I first learned about metal nodules in the deep sea back in the 1970's when I was a little girl. It was in a book about the ocean, and mining the nodules, which the book called 'manganese nodules', was one of the things the book felt was a certain future venture in the oceans. It envisioned the nodules being sucked up by a giant vacuum cleaner-like machine. It was the one and only time I ever encountered the idea, which then seemed to fall completely off the radar. Whilst it looks like areas of the deep ocean sea-bed are a real treasure trove of valuable metals just waiting to be picked up, collecting this resource seems to be becoming more problematic with every passing day. Companies wanting to mine the nodules first have to contend with just getting down there to them. Then they have to devise a method of collecting the nodules which wouldn't devastate either the environment around the nodules, or the populations of any deep-sea marine organisms living there. Certainly, vacuuming them up would do as much damage to the habitat as trawlers do when fishing. If the discovery of 'dark oxygen' isn't the final nail in the coffin of mining these metallic nodules, it damn well ought to be. If these beds of nodules produce a significant percentage of the oxygen in our atmosphere, then the very last thing we need to do is dig them up and take them out of this vital process. However, I can envision certain companies in certain countries decrying this discovery, claiming it is fake, and insisting, like they have global warming and climate change,, that this process doesn't exist, just because its getting in their way of making a profit!
The chance of an animal becoming fossilized and discovered is so slim that we should always consider the real historic limits to be 10%+ greater than whatever our collected record shows.
Tyrannosaurus took all the hate-speeches from carcharodontosaurid and spinosaurid fans personally to where im expecting it to somehow rewrite reality so we find evidence of a 20 ton rex out of nowhere which forces us to remake theropod scaling as a concept entirely, absolutely terrifying.
As hyped as I am about the potential size of the mighty _T. Rex,_ I am infinitely more fascinated with the prospect of how the metallic reaction with seawater creates "Dark Oxygen" -- the very same O2 that we circulates through our atmosphere for life on Earth. Such an exciting discovery can potentially serve as a gateway to potential life on terrestrial exoplanets with water and soluble metal/metalloids where similar phenomena could take place, and possibly serve as a harbor for extraterrestrial lifeforms.
Interesting how the size-estimates evolve with time - either smaller or bigger. I shouldn't be so surprised anymore, because it's like they say in the video, it depends on how many specimens you have of an animal, and in time you get more data-points. I also have to imagine that technological improvements in statistical and bio-mechanical analysis, simulation even, has a lot to do with the new revisions of size-estimates.
I'm glad someone finally figured out that out of the billions of T Rex that have lived, we certainly have not found the Andre The Giant versions in the few dozen specimens we have found thus far. I've always said this to anyone who'd listen 😂
Still the debate isn’t settled yet. What we need to settle it is an actual juvenile T. rex which is clearly not Nanotyrannus, or an adult Nanotyrannus which is clearly not T. rex. They have to be in an accredited museum though, if not Carr and others won’t publish on them
what an impressive creature to have ever walked the Earth! the size of t-rex has been a subject of debate among paleontologists for many years, but then keep "getting bigger/ larger"
It should be noted that the argument for T. rex's new maximum size is statistical, meaning it theoretically applies equally for all dinosaurs, and indeed, all fossilized organisms, period. The researchers only chose T. rex because we happen to have enough fossils of T. rex to do a meaningful statistical analysis. So if the statistically largest possible T. rex is 70% bigger than the biggest currently known T. rex specimen (be it Scotty or Sue or Cope, or whatever), something similar is true for every other megatherapod, like Spinosaurus, Giganotosaurus, etc. Except that with fewer specimens to work from, the statistical range would be even greater. It also applies to the giant sauropods, the mega-ichthyosaurs of the Triassic, and the monster bugs of the Carboniferous.... This analysis also does not take into account potential ecological limits. Like is there really enough food available in the ecosystem to let a giant predator like T. rex grow to a size 70% bigger than the Scotty specimen?
Sad times regarding dark oxygen. Before we can fully learn about them, they might be wiped out due to plain ignorance... Really sad times for us as humans....
I love how most of the time it is like "actually no X dinosaur/extinct thing wasn't a giant monster; it was actually like 3 ft tall and ate fish" and then T-Rex just keeps getting scarier the more we learn about it
Except for the like 2 weeks we all thought it was a giant fluffy round borb.
@@BabyShenanigans well a lion is also fuzzy, and so is a polar bear, and no one pretends those animals aren't scary.
@@storotso You say that, but when I told a friend of mine about a bear that crossed the road in front of me, the conversation led to "If not friend, then why friend shaped?"
Never forget dunk
Being bigger doesn't mean scarier. The largest rexes probably wouldn't give a damn about human-sized animals.
Dedicating the dinos name to his friend who found so many yet never got one named after him is nuclear levels of wholesome. That's a real friend.
Awwwww
Dark oxygen sounds like the kind of thing that give super powers to a 1960s comic book superhero
Or like the MicroOxygen/Oxygen Destroyer in the Godzilla franchise
And we're min8ng them to make batteries for cars no one wants to fight a fallacy known as " climate change". If not for how horrifying it is it would be funny.
Phlebotinum
Super villain.
@@isaacthedestroyerofstuped7676I just farted and it stinks!!!
The devs are still glazing the T. Rex
outside devs really need to stop salivating over a dead META
It was all peak during the Cretaceous update, sure we lost some older meta play-styles but the new meta was fun
Mann who got a link for Cretaceous Format with new Rex patch?
😂😂😂
But does this estimate aply to literally All Dinosaurs 😅. If Trex is getting estimates like that. So is others
Man, every time theres news about rex it either gets fatter or larger. Soon they're gonna say it could actually inflate like a puffer fish
Poor spino deflates and shrinks with each study…
Meanwhile trex: 💪🗿🤜
Yes and it developed tank tracks to distribute its weight..
Or maybe inflate like a Chuckwalla lizard
Wonderful👌😂
@@Dinoramascuplts-Tyrex lol😂
3:24 "described a decade ago in 2014" oh god oh god oh god
Feel Old Yet?
I’m not old, IM NOT OLD- Mr Krabs
I feel like an ancient god
damn I feel like bones
Well I'm glad for it actually. 2014 was a shit time, for me personally as I was ca 17 years old, and in popculture.
We shrunk the dunk, now we inflate the t.rex. what a time to be alive...
Plus the Meg has been elongated and thinned out after having been shrunk and bloated. It's almost like the 1800's all over again lmfao
@@aceundead4750 When you have little to nothing to actually work with, it requires a lot of projection.
@aceundead4750 funny thing is Meg got actually More heavier and larger when it got longer and little thinner.
@@timexyemerald6290 anatomy is fascinating
@@TheMattTrakker yeah, could you imagine the size of rock that would be needed to fossilize enough of a megalodon for scientists to get an accurate look at its shape and size?
Part of the "dark oxygen" name was from the decades old mystery of why the oxygen levels increased with depth, in some places dramatically. Like dark energy; hidden.
Also because it uses no light in the process and all other processes, like photosynthesis, convert light energy to make oxygen.
6:50 Note if we *did* find a T-rex fossil that large, it would no longer be maximal, because statistics would then force us to re-increase our estimate of the upper bound.
That's why I find this study pretty pointless.
@@The_PokeSaurus I think it's just kind of common sense, isn't it? When you have 28 of 52 million (or whatever the numbers he used were)...yeah, there was probably some percentage that was bigger. There are always outliers.
@@TheMattTrakker I just think The Average size is more important to learn, even if some Tyrannosaurus could grow to titanic sizes those individuals would be so rare and have little long-lasting impacts on their ecosystems.
@@The_PokeSaurusIf there are humans 7 ft tall, then it's reasonable to believe that outliers existed.
Well, a t rex is already not a maximal, it's a predacon
I always wanted to be a paleontologist since i was a kid ever since i opened my first dinosaur book. So when i turned 18 I went to college and failed my first 2 semesters of math and English so i guess I'm too stupid in the eyes of big US education to get that piece of paper (my degree) so i gave up on my dream right away. So I deeply appreciate these veteran paleontologists saying how crucial amateurs are to the science
It's not that hard
Just try again when you're a bit older.
I didn't like my studies at 19 but loved the whole experience at 27.
Sounds more like an effort issue.
Need to work to transcend from Lord Frito into Lord Cornnuts & crush those finals.
I’m seeing some other people in these replies saying that it’s not hard or a skill issue, so I just want to let you know that they’re wrong.
College classes are very different from earlier education, and it’s definitely a big adjustment. I’m in my second year of college right now and the first time I ever failed a class hit me HARD. But it taught me some things about how I learn and go about classes, and I used that to not fail another class (so far lol).
People say if at first you don’t succeed, try again. But they’re missing a step in the middle there: if at first you don’t succeed, find out why, and then try again.
I’d suggest talking to an advisor or someone you trust who has been in college and get their advice on how to take good notes that are concise and you personally find helpful. Do you learn visually? Have diagrams, pictures, drawings, or videos in your notes. You you do better with audio? Record your lectures. Written word? Bullet points might be helpful. Do you prefer hands/on or examples? That’s a bit tougher, but maybe writing down practice equations or examples from your imagination for non-math classes could work.
Also find out how to study. Making up rhymes or anagrams to memorize things, flash cards to identify pictures or remember definitions, and so on.
A lot of people make the mistake of trying to force themselves into a learning style because they don’t know there are different ones. That’s bad.
If you got straight A’s in Highschool without studying then trust me when I say LEARN HOW TO STUDY. You will fail tests in college if you don’t. I know I did.
Talk to your teachers. In person or email doesn’t matter, but if you’re falling behind and ask them instead of just letting shit get worse then they’ll almost always be willing to help. Sometimes they even give you more help than you asked for.
Procrastination is definitely a big issue, but my advice that works for me (mostly) is to act like the final due date is a coulee days before the real one, use timers for breaks when working, and above all else to join a study group or at the very least study/do homework while around others who know you should be working. The social pressure tends to be a good motivator to not switch to a non-work activity.
Sometimes the professor is just terrible! And you can’t do shit about that. Rate My Professor is a great site that can tell you if a professor is garbage before you sign up for the class so check there if there is a class for the same credit with a different professor before you sign up for any classes. If there’s not a page for the teacher on there, ask other students who have taken that class/had that teacher if possible. It’s seriously so important.
I know my advice is unasked for here, but seeing people in the replies being so callous bothered me a lot and I want you to know that while failing a couple classes can be extremely demotivating, it’s not the end of the world and isn’t always your fault. You just didn’t get taught the right skills, and that’s okay. You can always try again, this time switch the knowledge of what went wrong so that you don’t make the same mistakes again. You might make new ones, but as long as you take steps to ask for help before it’s too late then I wholeheartedly believe that you can succeed.
I really appreciated the discussion points around entering palaeontology later in life. It’s something I would love to do later in life but isn’t on the cards at present other than as an interest and very infrequent hobby
I think the title is a little misleading. The study is speculating about the potential size of the absolute biggest specimens of t-rex that could’ve ever lived. Not the size of t-rexes in general. In fact, the study seems to kinda confirm that our understanding of their size is fairly spot on, if the theorized grow curve is accurate. Not to mention that it goes both ways, we have also not found the smallest t-rexes and they could’ve grown a lot smaller than any adult t-Rex we’ve found.
It’s like saying humans are bigger than we thought because this one guy in the 20s was 2.7m tall.
I reckon that if alien paleontologists came to earth 10 million years from now & dug up the bones of Peter Dinklage and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar they’d probably have a hard time believing they were members of the same species.
Don't forget that dinosaurs also may have genetic issue that can change their appearance...
they always say "trex is 50% or trex is 70% larger" but im gonna stick with scotty being the largest for now until theres a specimen that proves it
E.D.Cope being 11.9 tonnes
Why tho all of fossil science is guess work
Agreed. Although I believe a specimen nicknamed “Copium Rex” was confirmed to be larger.
So if a T-Rex was cloned and kept in a park it would definitely reach 50m in length!
I agree.
Tyrannosaurus just be stealing all the scary from Spino and the Dunk huh?
You realize the 60% increase would apply to every other Dinosaur right?. Heck it would apply to spinosaurus and other more Fragmentary dinosaurs far more than Extremely well supplied and reaserched Trex. You never know, before you know it Giga Might be 80% larger than its current size 🤷♂️
@@timexyemerald6290 stop glazing giga
Spino will return to its rightful place
One day
@@seansmith6255as what?
@@KingBaryonyx largest theropod I think
You should try to get those two gentlemen on the show more often. Their knowledge, and presentation of said knowledge itself has been an absolute joy as a viewer, and I had to stop at 16:00 to acknowledge it before going any further. Great stuff.
Your channel is an inspiration!
really appreciated jeremy’s perspective on pivoting into the field of paleontology
very inspiring stuff
Gotta love how most ancient estimates get initially inflated but have to be scaled back....except Trex.
Every new discovery makes it more scary.
The tyrant lizard king: “do not ever doubt my royal family”
Former estimates by '20s to '70s scientists scaled the T.rex at about 50ft long and 20ft tall. Now, circumvent these estimates with more modern evidence and sophisticated scaling, the largest specimens would've reached approx. 45ft long and stood no taller than 5 meters. This is stems from current specimens we've uncovered recently like Trix (792.000), Stan (BHI 3033), and Thomas (LACM 150567).
T-Rex and Meg will never stop.
This isn't a new discovery, it's just new modeling.
@@TheMightyN People back then used to think T rex stood upright the way people do, which is why all those old heights of 20 feet were everywhere.
Regarding kids and fossil hunting, I have two (aged 6 and 4) and they're taxonomy wizards as well as being closer to the ground. We have a small but very diverse garden, full of edible and poisonous plants, and when we tell them which are which, they never forget or make mistakes -- they just keep asking questions and learning. They even remember better, and identify species quicker, than we do. Again, this despite them being really young. My wife and I figure that pattern recognition was huge evolutionary advantage for our own species at one point, so it's not really that surprising. They're very good at fossil hunting, too.
Tip: if you're wondering if you've found bone or a rock, lick your finger and stick it to the surface. Fossilized bone will feel "sticky" when you pull it away, whereas stone will not.
Why are you bragging about your kids
@@SoupEaterK They weren't, they were pointing out children being good at pattern recognition as part of human development. They are using their own kids as an example.
@@SoupEaterK Yeah, no, sorry if it came across that way. My kids can't even read, lol. I've spent hundreds of hours trying to teach them the same sounds over and over, and we are making progress, but it's an absolute slog. But tell them one time what plant is poisonous and they immediately know it.
1. Those kids sound cool, you must be so proud of them
2. THANK YOU I have asked many people how licking the rock works but no one has ever told me WHY it works, thanks
@@evodolka I believe it's because the bone is porous
Dark Oxygen out here bein regular oxygen’s edgy cousin
Goths and Emos are chocking right now.
It's like baryon and dark matters respectively.
Gothxygen
Those two accomplished scientists presented their findings in the most captivating and concise manner, of all the people you ever had on. I'd love to hear from them again some time. Maybe as an expert for future discoveries ;))
They are such great speakers!!
"In other news, Scientist now believe that Tyrannosaurus did reach to sizes comparable to Godzilla, but in their latest scientific models T.rex may have grown to size...of Galactus"
Bro😂😂😂😂
That interview with the paleontologists was stellar! Always great to hear and see what academics with decades of experience feel about what they do! I wish I lived closer to a plentiful fossil area! Only been to a place like that once, and all I got were some crinoids! ☹
Thats very touching for Jeremy to vouch for his mate's name on the Dino. I love that Nick Chase just collected, then delighted that he found a real specimen, donated it to science! Its a real calling, to just gather data and hand it out. Its maybe the most charitable thing you can do with your life, as people will build on the data, one way or another.
It's cute as hell seeing Dave hype up Jeremy's work in the field. You can tell the lads get on well.
“The longer we live the more bite sized we become” truly words to live by
I loved that interview. Thank you for presenting such excellent educational material for us.
Hearing those guys say that amateurs and casuals are important made me very happy. I don't have the skills necessary to complete a college course for paleontology and that does bum me out, but I am completely satisfied being an amateur.
I could listen to Jeremy and Dave talk about paleontology all day, the passion and knowledge is very obvious.
Tyrannosaur news of late: Bigger, faster, stronger, smarter, morer...
T.Rex : I'm better! I'm just better!
Harder, better, faster, stronger
That 70% increase seems fantastical, and it's a brilliant case of being unverifiable to boot.
However, that's the headline "Scientists believe the T-Rex could be 70% larger", it's much more sexy than "computer models predict 1 out of 2.5 billion could have possibly been up to 70% larger."
It's good statistics work based on what we know about current animals though.
Take a look at humans, the average currently living human, across males and females, measures around 1.64 cm, the tallest man ever was 2.77, 70% taller.
And we are not talking about height or length here, we are talking about mass.
I had trouble finding the average weight of a human, but lets go with something real heavy, lets say 100kg, the heaviest person ever, Jon Brower Minnoch, weight around 635kg.
If you saw an average human, and then said, well I think they can grow 600% heavier and 70% taller, it would sound more than fantastical, but it is, in fact true.
It's called clickbait, yes even scientists do it. Remember the "we found aliens" post but it's just some random planet we calculated using math that "may have water" hundreds of lightyears away.
This is the same as the 23 ton spinosaurus and the 200 ton argentinosaurus, mythical estimations to make it sound exciting. People have gotta realize any weight and soft tissue estimations (yes even the lips theory) is just a theory. We have literally no proof on the soft tissue of t Rex. Don't even get me started on the megalodon bs. Telling us how a shark looked from it's teeth and jaws alone
@@Yattayattathat's... Not how it works. Humans are different. youre never gonna find say an elephant that's the exact same species as another elephant that happens to be 70% bigger. Variations to this degree don't really exist in nature.
We are also extremely similar to chimpanzees genetically speaking, much closer related than say a t Rex and a tarbosaurus, and yet we look much more different. This is one of the reasons why people believe the "humans are aliens" shit.
I'm not even gonna get into sexual dimorphism, like in some species the female could literally be twice the size of the male, but that doesn't happen in humans
@@VYDEOS2 African savannah elephant males weigh 6000kg as adults. Look it up for yourself, the heaviest one we have on record was 10866kg. That is in fact 80% over what you'd normally find.
So that was in fact not accurate what you just said.
@@Yattayatta in weight. Not in size. There are many factors that contribute to weight. Two same sized people can have one being twice as heavy. If we were to find that elephants bones, we would see it being slightly bigger than the average elephant, the average being 10-11 feet tall at the shoulder and the biggest elephant being 13 feet.
The thing here is people are overweight because of our diet, and obesity issues. In nature that doesn't exist. A fat housecat could probably be 3 times as heavy as a wild cat the same size due to food.
I guess it's possible for there to be a particularly fat t Rex, but that wouldn't make it bigger at least in it's skeleton, just bigger in soft tissue, which we'd never know anyway.
This is still very different from people with gigantism which we can easily tell from their bones, or dwarfism which is another condition we can see
The deep sea “battery nodules” is the most interesting story by far, holy cow
Also horrifying, a new way to destroy the earth just dropped. Hopefully this mining is too difficult to really be hyperexploited.
Shrek to T. rex. For 5 minutes can you not get anymore epic? For 5 minutes!
I always take upper size estimations with a pinch of salt.
correct.
I started fossil hunting in 2004 at age 33 and in 2006 found a new genus of pterosaur.
Finally some news that isn’t just more information dashing my dreams.
Feel like I’ve become accustomed to “the o would actually be smaller than expected” or “this process is a natural phenomenon and is not signs of life”
I always liked the Troodon. It wasnt a big meat eater but it was fast and smart. I think it also had prehensel claws for grasping.
perfect way to start my Thursday morning
Cool new size estimate for T. rex
*next t-rex discovery*
Scientists: "T-Rex actually had a dump truck booty"
That wasn't T-rex, but rather the infamous LAMBORLOBATOR!!!!!!
They're always trying to increase the maximum size estimates for T. Rex. A few years from now they'll be saying it'll max out at 20 tonnes and 20 metres.
no
Absolutely love to see the growth of this channel over the years. Been watching since 2017-2018. Keep up the great work!
I can imagine the little Cockney kid who discovered a pterodactyl. "Right! Well then, cross that trite accolade off me list. Paleontologist."
Beautiful video ben & co. Absolutely loved seeing some old timers sharing their expertise on-location about dinosaurs and geology in a longer form vid. Not many people are so interested in such things where I live.
Return of the king
Spinosaurus fans: *Sweating nervously*
t. rex and megalodon buffs are compensation for the dunk shrunk
This same idea applies to max size of dunk too. Especially when you have even fewer well preserved specimens.
how big are the current estimates for meg and trex ? i havent kept up for a while
@@sirjoesphjoestar8361meg 25m for now however there is another study about megalodon coming this year ,its size could be more than 25m..
@@ISURAH-484 you got a link for the study? // the 25m one
@@sirjoesphjoestar8361Actually no but I do know it will get upsized to even 28m 92.8feet by paleontologist apexzious,the 25m I just read from one of the 2024 paper articles..I dont remember which one Also in couple of months, new meg study coming up
Great quote from Dave 'Well, there were lots of different types of dinosaurs'!
Thank you for all your hard work. I always look forward to your videos.
Hopefully deep-sea mining dosn't unleash any Balrogs.
**Laughs on Cthulhu**
Narrator years from now: The mining corporations delved too greedily and too deep. You know what they awoke in the darkness of the abyss... shadow and flame.
Oh Gog... Lovecraftian Balrogs. I don't wanna think about that. But I DO want to try and draw it...
Little Balrogs which only get detected after grown to big and after it’s to late.
Well, as long as the elites 😈👹 of the world get their precious recourses, money and might…….
The drawing of the hypothetically largest t-rex is still much smaller than the ones in Jurassic Park, and still not capable of biting a car :)
The t-rex skulls in a local museum here are about a meter long, not nearly so large as often imagined
Straight outta Compton, a crazy dinosaur named.... yeah after you!
Favorite album😂😂nice
Hearing Dr. Jeremy Lockwood talk about going into palaeontology so ‘late’ is so reassuring. I always feel like I won’t get to do everything I want to do, but I don’t have the means to retrain right now.
Just the thought of 2.5 billion T-rexes existing throughout any period, is terrifying(ly cool).
So glad about this, wasn’t scary enough before.
Thanks!
Thanks for the splendid interview -- and, as always for the information and interestingly presented weekly update.
Warning, random Doug jumpscare at about 14:03.
I can't believe we're going to have to explain to people that the whole size estimates thing isn't something unique to t rex and applies to literally everything living or extinct
When Chinese is Romanized to use the alphabet with which we are familiar, Q is pronounced as a "Ch" sound and X is pronounced as "Sh". So the Qianzhou in Qianzhousaurus sinensis would be more closely pronounced Cheeannzhoh and the Xiu in A. xui would be pronounced more closely to shwee.
I first learned about metal nodules in the deep sea back in the 1970's when I was a little girl. It was in a book about the ocean, and mining the nodules, which the book called 'manganese nodules', was one of the things the book felt was a certain future venture in the oceans. It envisioned the nodules being sucked up by a giant vacuum cleaner-like machine. It was the one and only time I ever encountered the idea, which then seemed to fall completely off the radar.
Whilst it looks like areas of the deep ocean sea-bed are a real treasure trove of valuable metals just waiting to be picked up, collecting this resource seems to be becoming more problematic with every passing day. Companies wanting to mine the nodules first have to contend with just getting down there to them. Then they have to devise a method of collecting the nodules which wouldn't devastate either the environment around the nodules, or the populations of any deep-sea marine organisms living there. Certainly, vacuuming them up would do as much damage to the habitat as trawlers do when fishing.
If the discovery of 'dark oxygen' isn't the final nail in the coffin of mining these metallic nodules, it damn well ought to be. If these beds of nodules produce a significant percentage of the oxygen in our atmosphere, then the very last thing we need to do is dig them up and take them out of this vital process. However, I can envision certain companies in certain countries decrying this discovery, claiming it is fake, and insisting, like they have global warming and climate change,, that this process doesn't exist, just because its getting in their way of making a profit!
Of course the climate is changing, it always has....we're about to come out of an ice age and get back to earth's much warmer normal temperature.
The chance of an animal becoming fossilized and discovered is so slim that we should always consider the real historic limits to be 10%+ greater than whatever our collected record shows.
every dinosaur getting nerfed while T-Rex keeps getting buffed.
3:21 - BOO! Shrink wrapped Tyrant!
Not only tyrannosaurus but every theropods got Buffed in size as what they said.
The Metal Oxygen is such an Incredible Vibe
Good work
Cute little T Rex
Approaching the size shown in Jurassic Park finally.
New T-Rex news - Yay
New Spinosarous news - 💀
That interview was amazing, very fascinating to hear their perspectives on the importance of amateur palaeontology. Thank you.
Tyrannosaurus took all the hate-speeches from carcharodontosaurid and spinosaurid fans personally to where im expecting it to somehow rewrite reality so we find evidence of a 20 ton rex out of nowhere which forces us to remake theropod scaling as a concept entirely, absolutely terrifying.
This was marvellous.
As hyped as I am about the potential size of the mighty _T. Rex,_ I am infinitely more fascinated with the prospect of how the metallic reaction with seawater creates "Dark Oxygen" -- the very same O2 that we circulates through our atmosphere for life on Earth. Such an exciting discovery can potentially serve as a gateway to potential life on terrestrial exoplanets with water and soluble metal/metalloids where similar phenomena could take place, and possibly serve as a harbor for extraterrestrial lifeforms.
At 15 meters, the largest T.Rex would rival the size of the smallest anjanath from Monster Hunter. Honestly, I'm slightly surprised.
How big can Anjanath be?
@@galaxydeathskrill5607 20.0868 meters at the biggest, 14.4888 meters at the smallest.
From Tyrannosaurus Rex to Tyrannosaurus Max.
Geez, T-Rex just cannot stand being smaller than Compsognathus :P Such a gatekeeper!
This would apply to all theropods, not just T-Rex.
Finally someone covers the Francevillian Biota! Thank you!
Dark oxygen sounds like a concept from shadow the hedgehog
That makes me wonder about the largest possible Sauropod.
Also WWD sized Liopleurodon /s
Thank you so much!! The interview was amazing.
Interesting how the size-estimates evolve with time - either smaller or bigger. I shouldn't be so surprised anymore, because it's like they say in the video, it depends on how many specimens you have of an animal, and in time you get more data-points. I also have to imagine that technological improvements in statistical and bio-mechanical analysis, simulation even, has a lot to do with the new revisions of size-estimates.
I'm glad someone finally figured out that out of the billions of T Rex that have lived, we certainly have not found the Andre The Giant versions in the few dozen specimens we have found thus far. I've always said this to anyone who'd listen 😂
Nanotyrannus is still my favorite Tyrannosaur news from this year, but Asiatyrannus is a close third.
Still the debate isn’t settled yet. What we need to settle it is an actual juvenile T. rex which is clearly not Nanotyrannus, or an adult Nanotyrannus which is clearly not T. rex. They have to be in an accredited museum though, if not Carr and others won’t publish on them
@@lukeskywalkerjediknight2.013 Hey! Haven't seen you in a long time.
@@The_PokeSaurus been busy. I also Helped my friend on his blogpost about Nanotyrannus
@@The_PokeSaurus if you have any social media I would like to discuss Nanotyrannus
what an impressive creature to have ever walked the Earth! the size of t-rex has been a subject of debate among paleontologists for many years, but then keep "getting bigger/ larger"
Interesting to spot a lesser bearded Doug, I didn't know they were on the Isle of Man.
It should be noted that the argument for T. rex's new maximum size is statistical, meaning it theoretically applies equally for all dinosaurs, and indeed, all fossilized organisms, period. The researchers only chose T. rex because we happen to have enough fossils of T. rex to do a meaningful statistical analysis. So if the statistically largest possible T. rex is 70% bigger than the biggest currently known T. rex specimen (be it Scotty or Sue or Cope, or whatever), something similar is true for every other megatherapod, like Spinosaurus, Giganotosaurus, etc. Except that with fewer specimens to work from, the statistical range would be even greater.
It also applies to the giant sauropods, the mega-ichthyosaurs of the Triassic, and the monster bugs of the Carboniferous....
This analysis also does not take into account potential ecological limits. Like is there really enough food available in the ecosystem to let a giant predator like T. rex grow to a size 70% bigger than the Scotty specimen?
A southern Tyrannosaurus feeding on juvenile Alamosaurs and scavenging adults could successfully see this upper limit
Is there a word for space-paleontology?
Astro paleontology?
Exo-Paleontology
Dreaming
Jeremy & Dave are awesome!
great interview
I really enjoyed the interview
Every time I think to myself "I'm really gonna do it this time" the lizard just keeps getting bigger and bigger, gobless.
Sad times regarding dark oxygen. Before we can fully learn about them, they might be wiped out due to plain ignorance... Really sad times for us as humans....
"QUAID... GET YOUR ASS TO MARS!!.. 😂😂😂😂)
Niece, my home state is coming up with some pretty impressive stuff nowadays
I'm just getting over the shock and fact that T Rex could swim after watching the show about dinosaurs, my mind went 🤯😲😱🤨 😮, just fascinating.
Every time we find a new megatherapod T-rex is just like: "This isn't even my final form!"
Im almost 40 and dinosaurs still fascinate me... 😊
As always with your videos, this video is both fascinating and informative, keep up the excellent work.
22:45 Nah nah nah! That's that MF from The Faculty!!!
DO NOT ADD WATER TO THE FOSSIL
Absolutely loved the interview, great work!
T rex really living up to its name