The Origins of the Israelites: Episode 3
Вставка
- Опубліковано 23 лют 2021
- Subscribe to our channel! bit.ly/2RlSRyj
This episode we finally get to explore the Israelites. Who were they? Where did they come from? This episode examines the material remains of Late Bronze Age Israel, which posits that they were an egalitarian farming and pastoralist society living in the central hill country of Canaan. Evidence that will be examined includes the earliest mention of the Israelites in the archaeological record: the Merneptah Stele. This episode also dispels a common theory that the mysterious Habiru, a people mentioned in the Amarna letters, are one and the same with the Hebrews.
Learn more about the Israelites here: bit.ly/3uoomHj
Website: www.patheos.com
Facebook: / - Розваги
Wait a minute, this isn't Religion for Breakfast!
Religion for dinner more like
Biblical brunch?
I actually clicked this because I saw Dr. Andrew in the thumbnail and then I saw the page is Patheos not Religion for Breakfast.
its trying to, they still feel the need to claim heritage over land...
Nope, this is Patheos' own channel. RFB and Patheos are collaborating on this 15-episode series!
I really like the evolution of your videos... when you get more in depth there’s that slight zoom indicating a more detailed look. Very great editing and amazing information!
It's hard to get a clear understanding of scripture without history.
Wonderful teaching!!!
Indeed
❤❤❤
I love that you put in both frames of the stereogram at 2:13 - seeing it in 3D was an unexpected treat
It's gladdening to indulge in the content your channel shares on this domain amidst a lot of issues that people experience across earth.
Thinking out loud: I'm wondering if the israelites familiarized themselves with animal migrations and used the same routes too?
Great stuff. Please keep it up. I can guarantee you if you continue you’ll have a growing audience
Philistines are next, love how he just soft balled that to us. mad love for what you're doing I'm coming from your other channel 👍🏼 🙏🏼
Glad you're enjoying the series! This is actually Patheos' own channel. My channel (ReligionForBreakfast) and Patheos are collaborating on this 15-episode series!
@@ReligionForBreakfast not sure if you have seen patheos’ other videos but they do not come from an evidence based direction, rather, they have Claims of jesus and god without evidence. I love your channel though
Fantastic series! Thanks so much!
You are the best! Love the series!
Amazing job!
Thank you for this!
Greetings from Brazil
Thank you! Wonderful, informative series!
THE IMAGES ON THE EGYPTIAN WALLS ARE NEGROID..
BLACK AND BROWN WITH AND WITHOUT AFROS.. JUST LIKE THE SPYNX HEAD IS NEGROID....EGYPT IS IN AFRICA PERIOD. THE FURTHER BACK YOU GO THE MORE NEGROID IT BECOMES.. NOTHING TO DO WITH CAUCASOIDS EXCEPT WHEN IT COMES TO INVASIONS AND HISTORY TWISTING LIKE THERE PILT-DOWN MAN STORY.. CAUCASOIDS ARE MAD BECAUSE THEY WANT TO HIDE THE ORIGINAL HISTORY OF THE BLACK RACE TO MAINTAIN POWER IN THIS DYING WORLD.. NOT GOING TO HAPPEN ANY LONGER.
Love this. Fascinating stuff
Another excellent episode!
Thank you for this series.
I'm now more confused than ever as I have questions about things I've never previously thought about
I’m not so sure about this guy. Anyone who uses BCE feels like a liberal.
@@cephasrocks8516
Are you suggesting there is something wrong with the scholarship of the video based on an a widely accepted dating system?
You do realise that there are people other than Christians on the planet?
Or don't they matter to you.
@Timothah Molone All,lies!
fa
That means that you are inquisitive, free thinking, and have "balls" for even posting this, most dont..
PS: Enjoy the comments and chat (if there are any, I never see them, sorry, so reply to others, not me :D Have a nice life *:
Great content!
Such great little lectures.
I’m loving this series!! Really interesting! :)
@@tex8788 Can you please get your facts straight and not spam this nonsense under half of the comments here? Jeez.
Good stuff!
Really like your stuff.
Absolutely interesting!
They are ultimately the reason why I can’t eat chic fil a on sundays
Chik fil a is a Christian owned company that recognizes Sunday as the sabbath being that Jesus rose on the 3rd day which was Sunday. Chik fil a gives their employees the opportunity to not work on Sunday so that they can attend church or be with family etc. My son’s employer gave him the same accommodations though not corporate policy. He’s in college but does not work on Sunday because he attends church and does not believe in buying, selling or working on Sunday. The Jews do not accept Jesus as the messiah and they celebrate the sabbath from sundown on Friday until sundown on Saturday. Some Christian denominations follow the Jewish sabbath as well as messianic Jews (Jews for Jesus). So when you want your Chik fil a on Sunday, blame the Catholic Church that changed it all for believes in Jesus since he was crucified on Friday and rose on Sunday.
Thank you so much, I believe you went deep and find the really route, I am getting closer with my DNA test results and this video was very helpful.
GOD Bless you!
Shalom
Nicely done, Honey!
Loving this series!
Was hoping for some comments on the 'shashu YHWH' inscriptions. Great video though! I hadn't heard anyone say before that Habiru/Hebrew don't match in terms of their consonantal root. Is there a good resource to learn more about this?
Hebrew is only the English way of calling Hebrews, the original root is '.B.R ('ayin, Bet, Resh) and not H.B.R (He, Bet, Resh) in the case of Habiru, or '.P.R ('ayin, Pe, Resh) in the case of 'apiru. The first might mean "to pass", the second maybe "Heber" or "a collection of people", or if written as the third maybe "dirt".
It makes a lot of difference in Semitic languages, although it's still possible they the name is related.
Sorry, I have no source for you.
@@Abilliph
Habiru means dirty filthy to refer to Semitic nomads that were second class citizens more like slaves or semi-slaves at the very least
@@Abilliph
Habiru, a variant spelling of Ḫapiru (Apiru), a designation of a class of people who made their living by hiring themselves out for various services. The biblical Hebrews had been in Egypt for generations, but apparently they became a threat, so one of the pharaohs enslaved them.
@@davidstrelec610 you are generally right, but I'm not talking about the bible.
According to archeology the Judeans and Israelites were just Canaanite, and the root 'BR meaning to pass, probably refers to the Jordan river two sides.
I just can't see the connection between 'ibri and Xabiru, because only in English writing they would seem similar, Hebrew and Habiru.
@@davidstrelec610 I'm trying to explain to you how '.B.R has nothing to do with H(X).B.R... those are two entirely different roots and words.
I'm a Byblos native, although in the local languages it has always been called Jbeil, Byblos being a greek exonym.
هلا هلا تحية للشعب اللبناني🇮🇱❤🇱🇧
Very well done. Scholarly.
You were predestined to be different(Romans 8:29).
HALLELUYAH!(PRAISE YE YAH!)
The Habiru were used by king Idrimi to sack since Hittite towns and even setup a Habiru capital of sorts. The Alalakh tablets from Wiseman mentions the alliance.
I need more, you do such good work!
Where are episodes 1 & 2? I'd love to see them.
Pottery dating burning and conquest of Jericho to around 1400 BC. This is when the upper wall fell creating a ramp into the city. So the date of the conquest by Joshua of Jericho is around 1400 BC. In a fortress area a few miles away they found a scrap for Amenhotep II in the destruction layer further strengthening the idea that the Joshua conquest happened around 1400 BC. Some say the "Shasu of Yaweh" inscription dates to a bit after 1400 BC at the Amenhotep III's temple at Soleb. These all point to Joshua's conquest of Canaan.
Lack of evidence does not mean the conquest did not happen it just might indicate that the conquest may have been exaggerated but still happened
What makes you think it had anything to do with Joshua? Egypt was often at war with the Hittites and other states during those days. It might have been nothing more than one of numerous Hittite raids. The whole Joshua story seems to be totally made up anyhow.
@@limedickandrew6016 What is remarkable about Jericho's destruction around 1400 BCish is that it shows/proves the Biblical narrative. 1) the upper walls came tumbling down all around the city creating a ramp over the lower walls so that an invader could just walk up over into the city; 2) there is one section that didn't fall in the upper walls - Rahab's residence was built against the wall; 3) the burnt grain jars were full meaning the conquers didn't loot the food (for an army food is precious
and essential). It is exactly as the Joshua's narrative as described in the Bible says. The evidence is more more more more than overwhelming.
@@mdb1239 Yeah, problem is a lot of what is in the Old Testament was written some 700-900 years after the events it describes. I mean, that would be like describing the events of the Battle of Hastings or Edward Longshanks reign today. And the written records for Hastings and Longshanks are far more numerous and reliable than they ever were during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age. I think it was the Greeks, like Herodotus, who made historical writing and recording what it is today. They were the first, so everything before them needs some serious research and evaluation and examination of the archeological records, certainly more so than the days since Herodotus.
@@limedickandrew6016 When it was written is irrelevant. The archeological dig/excavations prove that that Joshua's Biblical account of the conquest of Jericho is accurate. This is the only known site where the upper walls all fell down and covered over the lower defensive walls to make a ramp. The conquest of Jericho and how it happened is confirmed by archeology!!!!! The pottery dating says the destruction layer happened around 1400ish BC. There is also a destruction layer around 1400 BC around Hazor. The early Israelites came from Egypt. Egypt had writing for a thousand years before 1400 BC. There is evidence that the slaves in the mines of Egypt had already been using the alphabet many decades before 1400 BC (a super simplified version of hieroglyphics). There are messages using this alphabet in the mines: "Save me God". It is probably the GREATEST invention of humankind.
anyone who can write down their history and / or tell a story will dominate history.
Great video once Again, I’m absolutely loving this series.
One comment however, at 1:10 it states that because the place names did not exist in the 13th century BC but the 7th century, it must of been written in the 600’s instead.
But that is not necessarily the case as often in near eastern literature place names are updated in later re-rights by authors from the original.
For example “ The tale of Sinuhe” from ancient egypt is a tale from 1994 BC, but we see an updated version from the 13th century BC with different place names to match the time period.
Likewise, the boom of Joshua may ver well be older than we think !
Can’t wait to see the Philistines episode!
The "boom" of Joshua? Autocorrect strikes again?
Heavy edition to older texts seems to be a common practice in the bible, so what you say is indeed possible. Though, take into account that not only names and place might have been edited, the whole narrative might have been accommodated to the then current religious/political needs of the editors.
He said Jericho existed it just did get walls till the 7rh century therefore Joshua was written when Jericho had walls.
Oh! Where was this when I was researching this topic in undergrad! Very well researched and comprehensive. I'd love to see a video on the origins of Yahweh worship since it seems to pop up out of nowhere.
@@tex8788 you mean Religion for Breakfast? If so... this is the same guy. He’s partnering with this channel. Double check his community posts.
@@tex8788 No its a collaboration between RFB and Patheos for this special series on Biblical Archaeology.
@@tex8788 your comment is so embarrassing 😂 you don’t even get the channel name right.
I have a theory that it originated in Sheba, since they seem to have had a high esteem for them, stole their alphabet & Ethiopian history would suggest that they may have stolen other things from their culture too-- like the story of King Solomon. It's be great if any evidence could ever be tracked down to add better coherency to the matter.
@@MrChristianDT I do see a lot of comparative in religion in East Africa, especially in regards to the creation stories, but what do you mean by Sheba? We don’t have a confirmed location for the Sheba mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.
The Song of Deborah is one of the most ancient texts in the Hebrew Bible according to the language
Fascinating, even for an atheist such as myself.
The mixed multitude theory also fits some linguistic evidence from the Hebrew Bible. Notably, several important characters in Exodus & Genesis (including Moses, Miriam, & possibly Aaron) don't have especially plausibly etymologies within Hebrew, but do have pretty plausible derivations from Ancient Egyptian (in particular, commonly being combined with the name of a god to form a theophoric name; as part of the transition to monotheism, the god's name may have been deliberately removed leaving behind only the part that we see today)
Similarly, Joseph's name is explained twice, once as "taken away", and once as "add". Obviously both are appropriate to the narrative, but in the context of the mixed multitude theory, and taking the tribal name as preceding the composition of Joseph's story, could refer to the tribe of Joseph being a later addition to the Israelite coalition
Likewise, Levi appears to come from a root meaning "to join", also fitting if the Levites were a late addition to the Israelite coalition (which also fits with their specialised ritual roles, and lack of territory)
Also, the Danites were almost certainly Greek or Greek-influenced given the archaeological evidence of Greek-styled artifacts from their territories and the fact that their Judge is Hebrew Hercules.
@@andrewsuryali8540 having a coastal portion of land next to the Philistines (also likely a sea people, the Peleset) also fits with this. The name fits with the Denyen (a sea people) who are often identified with the Mycenaean Danaoi
I'm not sure identifying Sampson with Hercules really helps much though, strongmen are pretty archetypical & common worldwide. The rest of the story also doesn't have much in the way of major similarities (Sampson's hair, and his self-sacrifice have no parallel in Heracles, and Heracles' labours & slaying of his family have no parallel in Sampson) with the Lion fight being the only major one and that's common in the Ancient Near East, likely being an import into Greece rather than vice versa
@@tristanholderness4223 The strongman is an ancient archetype, yes, but not a biblical archetype. In fact, Samson is the only strongman described positively in the Hebrew Bible. The treatment of Goliath is more representative of how rhe Bible deals with strongmen characters. Additionally, Samson is unique among the Judges for being the only superhuman individual and the only one who doesn't actually judge the people. Most of the Judges are either warlords or prophets of some kind. Samson is also notable for breaking every Israelite taboo and keeping to none of the Nazirite vows except keeping his hair long. He even went so far as to loot dead bodies, which the Israelites considered taboo. The Rabbis of later Judaism also realized this, which is why they had to come up with all sorts of excuses to justify Samson's behavior, even saying that he had a special version of the Nazirite Vow. Gideon was a Baal worshipper but he actually held to Israelite customs much more strictly than Samson did. Samson's behavior was very much in the Heraclian tradition of Mycenaean Greek heroes.
As for the hair, the Nazirite Vow is not attested to outside the Bible until second temple Judaism. It is very likely that keeping the hair long came from the Samson legend instead of the other way around and is therefore an anachronistic inverse attribution. By contrast, the long hair style of the Greek heroes is attested to in Mycenaean culture and legends. Homer calls his Greeks the karekomoontes precisely because of this.
@@andrewsuryali8540 interesting info.
@@andrewsuryali8540 here we have another attempt to obliterate Jewish history.
Excellent video, as always.
What do you think of the work of Kathleen Kenyon who found destroyed Jericho walls and proposed they were related to the Exodus story?
Kenyon denied the biblical account She said the dates were wrong. But she was criticized for a slap dash job did on Jericho.
Good Afternoon, Israel. Est. U.S. Have a good day! God Bless. Praise and glory to God. Jesus Christ, is the name of God. He lives. Praise and Bless God's holy name.
Nasal exhale, very long nasal exhale
awesome
Surely if the Egyptians considered the Israelites to have been wasted then it makes sense for the scattered remnant to have joined those Habiru in the hills and eventually to have resettled Canan
The Ya'realites were scattered to all parts of the earth, by Yahweh for their disobedience and are still his covenant People!!!!!
Bible says Israelites had a period of "Judges" rather than leaders such as kings, which fits the description of the Hibiru.
We lived very simply but as technology progressed, so did our lifestyle. Its how generations evolve.
It would make sense that the Egyptians would refer to the Israelites as a people because even in the bible, they refer to themselves as children of Israel
Even in the new testament, it is stated "you were once not a people, now you are the people of God"
They kind of go back and forth calling themselves a nation or children (a people)
If I remember correctly, "Children of Israel" referred to decendents of Joshua, which were a subgroup of the Hebrews. They were the one's who sought shelter in Egypt and, subsequently ask of the Pharaoh to be released from "bondage" (whatever that meant).
So, what happened to the Hebrews who did not leave the Levant? Since they were not decendents of Joshua, they could not be referred to as Isrealites, by relationship. And the land of Israel would not come into existence until the conquered lands got divided up, between the leaders of the tribes of the Exodus.
Judah took up a strategic position in the northern hills and set up his capital city around the Covenant, Jerusalem.
So, what we have is 1) the land of Judah, 2) the land of Israel and 3) the city states that the lands still inhabited by the decendents of those who never left or had since migrated into areas that the returning Israelis had not conquered and occupied.
The Israelis were at one time commanded wipe them all out and not to mix with them, socially or genetically. And seeing that they were, once again disobeying, Joshua practically sealed his city, warning his people that they should avoid the others, that their disobedience not rub off on them.
What the Romans encountered, they called Judea and Israel, 2 separate parts of the province of Palestina.
So, who are all of these people in the area today, who are not jewish? Did they all wander in as part of "arab" migration? Over how long a period of time? What about all the non-arab invaders? Can they be told apart?
Is there further mention of Hebrews after that?
@@lewisjohnson8297children of Israel refers to the descendants of JACOB.
Jacob had twelve sons which became the patriarchs of the 12 tribes of Israel
@@olafharoldsonnii4713ah, yes.
remains puzzling why a people that derived out of Cannanites, came to have a history narrative that depicted them as an outsider people that came into the region, and made a war of conquest and occupation on the Cannanites. IOW, the narrative has gone great extremes indeed to some how try to break with any degree of Cannanite identity, culturally and even ethnically
Check out Prof. Knohel and the the Tribe of Jakob-El theory.
"Sir Flinders Petrie" took me a minute to digest lol
Did he invent glass dishes, too? :P :P :P
All I know about Israelis is that a lot of people hate them and I don't know why. A lot of people try to convince me to hate them, but I've never met one, so I can't.
Hey! This is really interesting. I have a question though. In the last episode on the Canaanites you said that the Book of Joshua said the Israelites defeated Canaanites after escaping slavery in Egypt. This episode seems to imply that the Israelites emerged after the collapse of the Canaanite culture. So all the stories about Israelites escaping slavery in Egypt and then defeating Canaanites have no historical evidence? If so do we know why it was written so in the Bible? (E.g. To create a common origin story for the Israelites, like you said at the end?)
It's probably more complex, the biblical account was an iron account of bronze age events, so there was an evolution of the legend over the centuries. The Habiru were probably escaped slaves, rural outcastes, and border tribals that the Israelites later coalesced and emerged from. Egyptian overlordship of the area made them the Big Bad Guys. Overtime a narratives of escaped slaves surviving in the wilderness and highlands, rebels against Egyptian governors and local princes, evolved into the biblical epics we know today
Does Egypt ever talk about how the Hittites defeated them? One sided historical recording seems to be an Egyptian habit.
Yeah they never mentioned about hebrew slaves who built two cities and pyramids
They DO mention the Hittites. And they made full record of it. Look up Pharaoh Ahmose and Tutmoses III.
@@laxmikc767 Cuz that never happened
@@selfrespect4320 it happened Bro the dna of dead corpse buried beneath pyramid soils had a hebrew -Iraqi traits and u know Abraham lived in Ur before coming to Cannan that is in southern Iraq . And Egypt by its historical accounts described the existence of Hebrews but many historical researchers neglects the historical accounts of bible . If they were not there then why their dna didn't matched with Egyptian but Iraqi ???
anyone have a source on the thing about jericho? thanks
Well logical since Haremhab was the Pharao during the exodus, since Moshe/Prince Thutmosis grew up with Akhenaten, in Egypt exists only the grave of prince thutmosis cat, while his staff which was found in the 19 century in Jordan is kept in a museum in England with the Egyptian inscription that it belongs to thutmosis. And it dates back to the times of Akhenaten to Haremhabs times around 1300 to 1350 bce.
Why would they call the Habiru "stray" possibly because they were in Egypt out of their own land and later slaves. Bandits and slaves are basically opposite unless the bandit leader enslaves them of course. What year is the letter that states that they would starve to death circa?
You all know who these people are
Sub-Saharan Africans who live in the Western Hemisphere?
Yes the Jews
@@rachelsamuel3328yea black people name a time those “Jews” went into slavery 😂
For those without background knowledge, i think it is better to give a linear story. Juming from evidence to evidence especially when some contradicts others is confusing. Scholarly arguments are useful to those who have a broad understanding already
❤ peace
CommonWeath -- Hebrew= CrossedOver
sWORD Spirit and Truth -- 7th day sAbbAth's Seal -- Covenant IN Loyalty
The Most High Ahb Yahu'Ah= Spirit= AbbA Creator Father.
Yahu'Sha Hebrew Anointed SonShip= sWORD and Head(ROCK) to body(stones) of congregation covenant loyal (be)living IN earth, that adhere TO His voice: (Yashra'Al)
...The Most High Ahb Yahu'Ah sovereign saves. Emet ❤️
Praise and thanks to the Most High Ahb Yahu'Ah for His 'Saving Will' Testimony IN His anointed Hebrew Son Yahu'Sha Messiah.
Prayers, blessings, and peace (restoration) of the ❤️, for those that adhere TO His voice, covenant, and commandments.
Love you Ahb Yahu'Ah sovereign of my breath, soul, and the blood IN my veins (DNA).
(Psalm 90:12-17)
So teach us TO number our days, That we (may) apply our hearts unTO wisdom. Return, Oh Most High Ahb Yahu'Ah sovereign, how long? And let it repent thee concerning thy servants. Oh satisfy us (early) with thy mercy; That we (may) rejoice and be glad all our days.
And counting:
...1st day/night season of the WorkWeek,
...2nd day/night season of the WorkWeek,
...3rd day/night season of the WorkWeek
...4th day/night season of the WorkWeek,
...5th day/night season of the WorkWeek,
...6th day/night season of the WorkWeek (double up):
...for the morrow’s morning IS the Seventh day/night sAbbAth's season. Emet ❤️
What was Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob considered before the 12 tribes were born?
...And before Yahu'Sha the anointed Hebrew Messiah, rather than the Roman religion's man-made diety with the Greek name that has no power and authority IN the Kingdom's throne.
...Go to (Genesis Chapters 15-17) and (Hebrews Chapter 11) to understand the Covenant Loyalty and 'Saving Will' Testimony of the Most High Ahb Yahu'Ah sovereign ❤️
...They were all faithful, obedient, and walked with the Most High Sovereign IN UpRightNess, Kingdom MindSet Justice, and were SetApart from embedded pagan world religious conditioning and dogma. Tsion ❤️
Deuteronomy 7:7
“The LORD did not set his love upon you, nor choose you, because ye were more in number than any people; for ye were the fewest of all people:”
Would love to see your analysis of the Hyksos, 14th & 15 Dynasties of Egypt and the Genesis story of Joseph through to the Exodus!
Additionally as further circumstancial evidence for the biblical exodus the emergence of the proto-sinaitic script at roughly the same time as the "semitic" peoples were in Egypt and then suddenly left and took the script with them into Canaan.
@@tex8788 It's a collaboration
Hyksos theory would completely demolish the exodus story as hyksos were completely repelled of by the ahmose 1 and tutmose III extended the rule of 15 dynasty all the way up to Hittite kingdom. If they migration occurred during that time they would just be migrating into more Egyptian territory and as explained in the previous video of canannites the region of israel was under the rule of canannites in 13th and 12th century.
Where is episode one?
I thought in this drought and famine times the elites in the cities were toppled by the poor who were not able to pay the taxes anymore and mercenaries who did not get payed anymore. But slowly fizzling out city culture changing to a more simple pastoralist lifestyle without much violence is also a good explanation. We do have reports from many cities of about 1180 bc that went down in violence, maybe not from all cities. There was also a change in warfare from heroes in carts fighting other heroes in carts with the support of some footsoldiers to no heroes in carts anymore. (except egypt). Loss of writing and reading in wide areas, cuneiform lost its importance mostly but the practise not to use vocals in writing survived somehow. I hope i am not too far off, please correct me.
should talked about the next 3 archeological evidence of israel l also
What about before Joshua?.
It seems some archaeologists disagree on Jericho's walls. Personally, I accept biblical testimony over any secular archaeologist's interprétation. Recently Joshua's altar was discovered - the ones with the curse and blessing mountains. We also know the place, and Solomon's pillars there, where Israel crossed the red sea, and the place of the stone that split and gave water.
There is so much truth and fact out there that secular historians aren't interested in.
I've just now realized that the only thing that I know about the Philistines is their name is used as an insult; meaning backwards or perhaps simple.
Likely an insult by the Israelites. The archaeology doesn't paint them as backwards. They even had baths. We've inherited a bias.
It does not mean that
It means without fine culture
Its Not meter what some scholars thinks or say ... After thousand of years later only God Inspired word will guide ...
"Philistines, I'm coming for ya!"
The genetic record has no specific genetic markers that identify any people that can be called Israelites. However, they can identify genetic markers that can be indicative of the Ancient Canaanite people. These genetic markers are present not only in the Palestinians, but the Lebanese, Syrians, Jordanians, Druze, and... Modern day Israelis that have their Jewish ancestry rooted in the Jewish people of the Levant. Which, incidentally makes perfect sense considering Yaweh was originally a Canaanite God of metalurgy and metal working, among a whole pantheon of gods, AND that those that study religions and their origins have actually determined that modern Jewish religious beliefs did indeed evolve from the religious beliefs of the religion the Ancient Canaanites practiced before the Judaism faith was created. All that said, it makes absolutely perfect sense that the original Israelites became an extinct culture or people, and likely were absorbed into the Canaanite culture and people. At any rate, the genetic data at least proves that the story in the JudeoChristian biblical texts claiming the Israelites conquered the Lands of Canaan by slaying every man, woman, child, infant, oxen, horse, donkey, etc. in order to claim their birthright is nothing more than a tall tale more akin to a mythological story than any truthful recounting of a factual historical event. After discovering the creation tale, the great flood story, the story of Samson, and so many others are simply revised and reimagined retellings of stories of several various other cultures.... That this story in the JudeoChristian texts is also another story borrowed (or stolen) from another civilization didn't surprise me at all.
And my sister when she discovered I was not a believer....even after relating to her the obvious contradictions that exist in science that disprove so much in the Bible ...and the known translation errors,... And even the contradicting verses within the JudeoChristian Bible...she still doesn't comprehend why I will not place blind acceptance that the biblical accounts related between its front and back covers are factual historical records....
Smh...
11:54 I don't understand how the Collared Rim Jar and the 3 or 4 room pillared house are indications to Israelite towns?
Watch the first episode of the series, where he explains it
I mean the conquest in the book of exodus kind have occurred in the middle Bronze Age period
Unsure about the 'Abiru' stuff in the middle?
I suppose it's supposed to just tell us about how pre-collapse Canaan had certain low class people who lacked permanent residence, but it feels kind of disconnected from the stuff about Israel once Andrew says we can't just posit a one-to-one correspondence.
I think the main reason for this section is that the 'Abiru as predecessors of / early Hebrews have attracted substantial attention, so there will be viewers who are familiar with the idea. Like many of these theories, once they are established in more popular accounts, it'll take a long while for newer information to replace them - plus the rejection is not entirely universal.
We can't guarantee that Abiru and Hebrew are literally the same words. But almost certainly, the Abiru class made up a component of ancient Israel. Hell, King David perfectly fits the description for most of his early career, when he's literally living as a bandit in the wilderness and raiding settlements, just as the Abiru are described.
@@erimgard3128 Right, mind sharing the verse where David's life as a bandit is mentioned?
Confused not Religion for Breakfast, and where are the other two episodes?
This is a new Patheos series featuring Dr. Andrew Henry from Religion for Breakfast. You can find full series here: ua-cam.com/video/zWwGFVGAJP0/v-deo.html
Pleasent surprise.
10:55 So the kibutz are really old.
Sad! Still lying on us! SMH
1:10 Whoa…um, Jericho DID exist in the 15-13th Century (Late Bronze Age)…
I was hoping you'd talk here about the Sea Peoples. Seems like they may have disappeared around the time the Israelites showed up. Connection?
We don't really know who the "Sea Peoples" were, whether they "disappeared", or whether they were even a more or less unified group, or rather just a general Egyptian term for raiders during the Bronze Age Collapse. I assume he'll talk about them next time with the Philistines, who may have been one of the groups identified as "Sea Peoples" by the Egyptians.
So yes, the "Sea Peoples" and the origin of the Israelites fall into roughly the same time - as he said in the video, the Israelites show up during the Bronze Age Collapse, as well. But except for a similar time frame, there's no evidence for these groups being connected.
Well one of the Sea Peoples groups is the Philistines, and they sure didn't disappear lol
SHASU OF YAHU mentioned in Egyptian script = The tribe of Judah was originated in south Jordan
“ I Get up in the mornin slaving for bread, sir, so that every mouth can be fed, poor, poor, me Israelites”
I read that only Philistines ate pigs (that were originally from Greece) in this area. But he said that we see the Israelites avoided pig, didn't most of the surrounding groups avoid it?
@Desire Of All Nations Could you quote the verse please? I remember it about sexuality and we do see that the ancient Egyptians had a lot of incest.
Men stop connect those people to Greeks who have nothing to do maybe have some connection with some island or those of Crete and cyprus and probably with those in magna Grecia but are not the Greeks they are tribes existing before who trading with them Greeks go there the judeans are not Greeks and Greeks dont come from any abraham and other talmudic patriarchs have not any connection with Greek culture
@@art.f7973 No one is saying that Judeans are Greek but that the Philistines were.
@@stevenv6463 no they was not not all people in Greece are from Greeks are not neither Greek names for Greeks mean Latin speaking? Greek mythology have nothing in common with Middleastern cananean uses neither Jewish one
The often repeated claim that "we know" that the book of Joshua wasn't written until the Babylonian Captivity because there were no walls of Jericho until the 7th century BCE... is just based on the fact that during the excavation they didn't find a specific kind of pottery that was otherwise popular in other cities during the 14th century BCE.
That's it. Couldn't possibly be that "this city didn't have a good trade relation with the source of the otherwise popular pottery" or simply "this "may have preferred a different kind of pottery at the time." Pottery can be a bit of a clue... but it's not by any means conclusive.
Meanwhile, within the walls of Jericho, they found ornamental scarabs with the cartouches of 18th dynasty pharaohs, ending with Amenhotep III (14th century BCE). The stratigraphy reveals a massive earthquake, then the walls all collapsing, then a fire with jars full of grains and valuables that would usually be looted during a military raid.
The biblical timeline puts Moses dying and Joshua taking over around 1400 BCE, but isn't particularly clear how long after Joshua took over that Jericho fell, but if Amenhotep III started reigning in 1389 BCE and Jericho fell around 1380, having some artifacts referring to him makes sense.
I don't understand the connection between the Habiru being described as dogs and the conclusion that therefore they were of a marginalized social class. Maybe they were just enemies and therefore describing them as dogs makes perfect sense. Those dogs are attacking us, raiding and pillaging, besieging our cities. Maybe they weren't bandits at all, they were just at a hostile group waging war, raiding and pillaging to weaken the enemy and to support the war effort. After all, they were amassing armies, making alliances, and besieging towns and cities. The assumptions and conclusions that historians jump to really irk me. It is as if they want a certain narrative to be true.
@@stephenlaing2152 Thanks for the reference
Does this mean the story of exodus isn’t true?
Question? If you cover this subject. How does Palestine relate to the Jews before and at the time of Christ. Does it relate at all? Is some place in Palestine famous or built on a magnetic rock like Jerusalem. Where the Arabs and Jews are fighting over the rock the moss is built on?
"Palestine" is a roman word imposed on Israel after the Romans conquered it in order to incorporate it into their empire and erase its former history. From the Jewish perspective, there is no such thing as "palestine". There is Judeah, Samaria, Israel, etc... "palestine" cannot be pronounced in arabic, as it is a latin word and Arabic does not have a "P" sound.
0:30 was that Patric?
I think he's holding back info still never heard who the Israelites people was . He say the philistines where Greeks
If you find a notation about "Israel" this has to be after they are a people
I say it in that fashion, because, according to Genesis, they were first called HEBREWS, or Ivri
1:09- Joshua written in 7th bce
Numbers 13:29. The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaanites dwell by the sea, and by the coast of Jordan.
Joshua 11:3 And to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the mountains, and to the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpeh.
Joshua 24:11 And ye went over Jordan, and came unto Jericho: and the men of Jericho fought against you, the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Girgashites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; and I delivered them into your hand.
Joshua 3:10 And Joshua said, Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that he will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Hivites, and the Perizzites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Jebusites.
Judges 1:27 Neither did Manasseh drive out the inhabitants of Beth-shean and her towns, nor Taanach and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and her towns, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns: but the Canaanites would dwell in that land.
Judges 3:5 And the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites, and Jebusites:
Lets not forget that Egypt underwent a humiliating defeat by a slave nation and as you know, the Egyptian would not have advertised that fact in stone anywhere. The Biblical text is likely to be the most accurate depiction of historic events.
Luke 21:24
[24]And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
For the inhabitant of Maroth waited carefully for good: but evil came down from the Lord unto the gate of Jerusalem.
Micah 1:12 KJV
Happened in 70 AD. Jerusalem and our temple Solomon built was destroyed. Fled into western part Africa to hide. Eventually sold to the Greeks
@@Yahawashiiii ok now tell me when this happened.
Isaiah 11:11
[11]And it shall come to pass in that day, that the Lord shall set his hand again the second time to recover the remnant of his people, which shall be left, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea.
@@revelation6175 That is a future prophesy. The lord return to execute his vengeance. It's precepted in Jeremiah 23 3. There are many more precepts.
@@Yahawashiiii That is a huge lie. "Jews" never fled to Africa.
A number of questions remain to be addressed:
1. Is there any indication that an ethnic people is meant by the term Habiru?
Unquestionably in some texts a specific people is meant. King Idrimi of Ala-lakh spent seven years as a refugee living among Habiru people.
Pharaoh Amenhotep II includes Apiru people in a list of captive ethnic-groups.
In the Amarna Letters, Biryawaza, ruler of Damascus, writes that his army includes
mercenaries from both Habiru and ethnic Sutu peoples.
Since the Biryawaza report singles out the Habiru as a particular people, in parallelcoupling with the Sutu (“the sons of Sheth,” in Num 24:17), the evidence thus
would favor identifying these Habiru as ethnic Hebrews.
2. Is there any indication that the Habiru were invaders, conquering the land
of Canaan?
The chief of the Habiru, “who rose up against the lands,” is such a formidable foe that only a large coalition of armies is able to challenge the threat. In order to confront the forces of the Habiru, the Canaanites gather their forces together from a wide area; bringing with them at least 50
chariots. Included in the coalition are Jerusalem, with her southern allies, and
the combined armies of the rulers of Accho and Achshaph. The result is a pitched battle fought against the intruding Habiru, who clearly are invaders. This is made especially evident by the letter’s closing plea:
“may he [Pharaoh] send Yanhamu [the Egyptian administrator over Canaan], so
that we may all wage war and [thus] . . . regain the land of the king, my lord, to
its [former] borders” .
3. Why is the term Habiru so often used simply as a derogatory appellation?
Perhaps an analogy would be the term “vandal.” Originally an ethnic name for an East Germanic tribe that ravaged Gaul, Spain, North Africa, and sacked Rome in A.D. 455, the name became a term for condemnation meaning one who spoils, destroys, pillages, and robs. In similar fashion, the
Canaanites called people “Habiru” in the same way Americans suspected of disloyalty were labelled “Commies” in the 1950s.
4. Finally, what about the Habiru mentioned in the ancient texts before these tablets! who were they? This deposition doesn,t address that. however, it does need to be pointed out that
there is a reference in the book of Genesis in which the term “Hebrew” connotes
a broad sense meaning which includes all the descendants of a person, a place, or a thing after whom or which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named.
ancestor Eber (Gen 10:21). Such an ethnic designation designates Shem as the father, that is, ancestor of all the sons of Eber. The intention of this disclosure seems to be to relate Eber to the Hebrews; the name sharing the same
In Num 24:24, the name Eber is used collectively, designating the region settled by his descendants.
Abraham, and his brothers. Possibly the term also includes Abraham’s children
through his second wife Keturah, and other descendants. The Apiru mentioned by Amenhotep II, along with other ethnic peoples, probably are to be included in this wider usage of the designation.
Ultimately, of course, the term “Hebrew,” as later used in Scripture, became restricted into the narrower classification of Jacob’s descendants.
Revealingly, Joseph is called a Hebrew (Gen 39:14) who came from the
land of the Hebrews (Gen 40:15). In the ancient world, all Israelites were Hebrews, but not all Hebrews were Israelites. All Hebrews were Habiru, but not all
Habiru were of the stock of Jacob
Maybe The Habrus are related to the Hibrus Like Abram to Abraham. Or Sarai to Sarah. Maybe they have fallen from the Hibrus in doing not good and therefore lost the i in the name to habrus?
No offense but the Habiru or just Habiru are the Abarim and Abram who gets his "H" from the Amorites, who are peoples of Mari, etc., including Mariam. Mamre the Amorite was Abe's Lord, the guy with whom Abe argues in Gen 18. Don't get me started on Gen 19/Judges 19.
It’s not that difficult to guess where “the lost tribes” went, If you read any completed Bible1856, it states the Israelites stayed in Arzareth, a land beyond the great river, far away from the habitation of man. In which the ten tribes of Israel dwell, observing the laws of Moses, until the time of restoration. This is the land to which the ten tribes were deported (2 Esdras 13:45). It is described as "another land" lying a year and a half's journey beyond the river, i.e. the Euphrates. It probably answers to the Hebrew 'erets 'achereth (Deuteronomy 29:28). In Josephus' time the people were still believed to be there in countless numbers (Ant., XI, v, 2). The Aztecs, called themselves ‘Meshika’, which translates to ‘the messiah’ in Hebrew. They also, used other Hebrew words like “Teos”, which means God.
Teos in Hebrew is not "god"...
Teos, is close to Theos, Greek for God, not Hebrew.
Abraham/Ibrahim was a sheikh from Mesopotamia.
Yes but what about the slavery period. How did they become slaves? Where did they come from?
They didn't
@@larapalma3744 they were slaves in ancient egypt.... You must become a slave if not born into it. So one of their ancestors at the very least, had to somehow become slave. How?
While I am intrigued with your presentation, and agree with it, can we add that many of the stories of the Pentateuch, Joshua, Judges and 1st Samuel do not clearly fit the “grand and simple narrative” taught in Sunday School? Moses was judging Israel by the word of the Lord before arriving at Sinai. The second half of Joshua is the story of gradual settlement. Judges is the story of brigandage, irregular religious practices (think Gideon, Samson’s parents, Samuel, and later, Saul, David and Solomon), and developing, and still non-cohesive tribal life. 2 Samuel and 1st Kings tell stories of how a terrorist named David broke off from his own chief, Saul, to work on his own. Much in these stories gives support to your thesis.
As Pirenne put it, Culture is long distance trade.