Franz Liszt - Consolation No. 4 (sheet music)

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🖋️ Franz Liszt (October 22, 1811 - July 31, 1886) was a 19th-century Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, teacher and Franciscan tertiary.
Liszt gained renown in Europe during the early nineteenth century for his virtuosic skill as a pianist. He was said by his contemporaries to have been the most technically advanced pianist of his age, and in the 1840s he was considered to be the greatest pianist of all time. Liszt was also a well-known and influential composer, piano teacher and conductor. He was a benefactor to other composers, including Richard Wagner, Hector Berlioz, Camille Saint-Saëns, Edvard Grieg and Alexander Borodin.
As a composer, Liszt was one of the most prominent representatives of the "Neudeutsche Schule" ("New German School"). He left behind an extensive and diverse body of work in which he influenced his forward-looking contemporaries and anticipated some 20th-century ideas and trends. Some of his most notable contributions were the invention of the symphonic poem, developing the concept of thematic transformation as part of his experiments in musical form and making radical departures in harmony. He also played an important role in popularizing a wide array of music by transcribing it for piano.
The Consolations are a set of six solo piano works composed by Franz Liszt. The compositions take Nocturnes' musical style, each with its own distinctive style. Each Consolation is composed in either the key of E major or D-flat major. E major is a key regularly used by Liszt for religious themes.
There exist two versions of the Consolations. The first version (S.171a) was composed by Liszt between 1844 and 1849, and the second version (S.172) was composed between 1849 and 1850. The first version of his Consolations were published in 1992 by G. Henle Verlag. The second version was first published in 1850 by Breitkopf & Härtel and contains the renowned third Consolation.
The source of the title Consolations may have been Lamartine's poem Une larme, ou Consolation from the poetry collection Harmonies poétiques et religieuses (Poetic and Religious Harmonies). Liszt's piano cycle Harmonies poétiques et religieuses is based on Lamartine's collection of poems. Another possible inspiration for the title are the Consolations of the French literary historian Charles Saint Beuve. Saint Beuve's Consolations, published in 1830, is a collection of Romantic era poetry where friendship is extolled as a consolation for the loss of religious faith.
The Consolations are also referred to by the title Six Pensées poétiques (Six poetic thoughts). The title Pensées poétiques was not used in the first (Breitkopf, 1850) publication of the Consolations but was used in a version published shortly afterwards (1850) by the Bureau Central de Musique, Paris.
The Consolations, S.172 consist of six solo compositions for the piano:
1. Andante con moto (E major)
2. Un poco più mosso (E major)
3. Lento placido (D-flat major)
4. Quasi Adagio (D-flat major)
5. Andantino (E major)
6. Allegretto sempre cantabile (E major)
Composed between 1849 and 1850, they are Liszt's second version of the Consolations. This version of the Consolations is more well-known than the first version and was published in 1850 in Leipzig by Breitkopf & Härtel. In comparison to the first version of the Consolations, the original third Consolation (S.171a/3) was replaced with a new Consolation (Lento placido in D-flat major) and the remaining Consolations were simplified.
Consolation No. 4 is in D-Flat major and is initially marked Quasi adagio. Composed in 1849, it is also known as the Strern-Consolation ("Star Consolation") because of the six-pointed white star that appears on the printed score. The Consolation was inspired by a Lied written by Maria Pavlovna, the Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach. The mood of the composition has been described as "churchly-religious" and "prayerlike".
Liszt later re-used the Consolation's theme in the Andante sostenuto/quasi adagio section of his Piano Sonata in B Minor.
(Wikipedia)
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