Structural Racism Explained
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- Опубліковано 10 лип 2024
- The Othering and Belonging Institute at UC Berkeley presents:
The “Structural Racism Explained” video draws upon many varied sources in formulating specific definitions for different types of racism. The video and prompts provided in this video and teaching guide (download here: belonging.berkeley.edu/struct...) are designed primarily for teachers to help students clarify and sharpen their understanding of the material, spur and support classroom discussion of the video and ideas, and provide ideas and leads for further research. But the materials are also useful for people who work in diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) spaces and local governments.
Teachers should feel encouraged to prod students to read and engage with source materials. The video and prompts provided here are designed and developed primarily for high school students, but can also be used by upper-level middle school systems or undergraduate university students, with tailoring.
If you have any questions or suggestions concerning these materials, please get in touch at belonging@berkeley.edu.
The video script and teaching guide were developed by Stephen Menendian.
Narration by Dr. Chip McNeal
Graphic and Motion Design by Gaël Muya, www.gaelmuya.com
Studio and Production Partners by Creative Transit Agency
Produced and Directed by Cecilie Surasky and Rachelle Galloway-Popotas
CHAPTERS:
0:00 Introduction and institutional racism
1:02 Institutional racism
2:20 Systemic racism
3:38 Comparing interpersonal, institutional, and systemic racism
4:10 Structural racism
5:05 How history bears on the present
6:06 Remedying structural racism - Розваги
Finally, this is the clearest explanation I’ve been able to find.
Thank you professor.
and the dumbest
Racial inequalities are absolutely normal.
Why does certain types of racism supposedly hold black people back from achieving success in academia but it doesn't hold them back from achieving success in sports, music and entertainment?
Think about who owns the business of sports, music, and entertainment. There's your answer.
becuase theyre usually the best?
A sport is something you can learn in your back yard with next to no resources. Musical ability unlike education is largely talent, and also historically Black Americans even as slaves were free to have church and sing and hone our musical talents because it perpetuated a religion that justified our social position.
Educational advancement on the other hand depends heavily on social collaboration and sharing of information. Once that information reaches a level of complexity that one cannot simply ascertain it through common sense (scientific/mathematical theories, high tech labs/experimentation, etc etc), those kept out of higher institutions of learning through laws, segregation , financial exclusion and social practices have no chance of advancing beyond the basics.
Do that for generations and a large part of the population won’t even know that they’re being kept out because they don’t even know it exists. But they do know sports and entertainment because that’s essentially free, in fact this country specializes in social control through those avenues
@@isaacl2550 great answer, props to u
@@wes101287 💯👏👏👏
I really appreciate the information provided in this video, and appreciate the emphasis on visual aids as well. However, I feel that more time should be invested in elaborating on the difference between Systemic and Structural Racism. Especially as the video is titled specifically "Structural Racism Explained", I am surprised that less than a minute was spent actually explaining what Structural Racism is specifically. I ended up needing to try and research these differences in other medias. I would request an addition to this video wherein more time in spent establishing and defining Structural Racism, giving examples, and covering what makes it different from Systemic racism.
Just My Opinion...
As a nearly 80 year old African American female from Harlem, NY), I have either experienced or witnessed what it means to be the "canary/guinea pig in the coal mine " and how a certain percentage of black and brown people tend to unwittingly play that role in society.
The question is: Does institutional racism exist and are white people responsible for keeping "a certain percentage" of black and brown people down (and out ) in terms of socio-economic, technological, political, developments and opportunities? Are a percentage of black and brown people relegated to play the role of the canary/guinea pig in the coal mine?
Maybe.
Some say yes and some say no. It all depends on WHO you ask! Although, it is possible there may be some validity to what some might call race-based " selective targeting" towards certain stereotypes.
Here are my thoughts on this subject. ..
In any given hierarchy, there must always be a king/queen, (winners) and as many pawns (losers) as possible to keep the king and queen sitting high upon the throne ...a basic inverse relationship, similar to a "see saw effect" where one individual can only remain sitting high on the throne as long as one individual is positioned and remains seated low to the ground, aka: "permanently planned minority".
IMO...
In any given power struggle, the winner must find ways (and means) to deprive the loser of what it takes to win. Strategies and tactics are very important in order to achieve the desired outcome.
For example, here in the US, (and globally), public policies, laws, and systemic/institutional racism are designed to protect the " national and global interests " of the white majority in terms of health, wealth, housing/home ownership, education, land ownership, employment, politics, etc.
In fact, one striking revelation that keeps me up at night is how these " systems" are designed to deny a certain percentage of black and brown people access to achieve generational wealth, which keeps us sitting on that proverbial "see saw" low to the ground. Also, by using certain black and brown people for medical experimentation purposes or sending certain black and brown people into manufactured wars like Vietnam or even into the American industrial prison complex in order to maintain "quotas and investment profits", demonstrates further damage and deprivation to certain black and brown communities.
IMO, as long as a certain percentage of black and brown people remain somewhat disadvantaged and denied EQUAL, ( not simply "somewhat equal" ) but EQUAL opportunities to health, wealth, housing/home ownership, education, land ownership, employment, and politics, the canary/ guinea pig in the coal mine will continue to remain on the low end of that proverbial " see saw".
PS: Please don't be fooled by the wealth and success of those working in the Sports and Entertainment/HipHop music industry. Some might say they have been chosen to serve as celebrity tokens to keep us preoccupied and distracted from whats going on behind our backs. Nevertheless, always remember, even during slavery, a certain percentage of black and brown people served not only as house and field workers, but also as entertainment for the slave owners amusement. (prize fighting, music/singing, tap dancing, comedy, etc.)
These are my thoughts...
Just my opinion... Peace ✌️
I'm 75 and I love and understand everything you stated and it was written brilliantly.👏👏👏💯👏 Thank you 🌻
@@doloresbeauchamp3484
75?
How does your comment relate to the Racism Videos by 'Some More News'?
@@slevinchannel7589 76 on Sunday 8/13 Don't know what comment your referencing too 🤔
@@slevinchannel7589 Just found my comment and your question again.🤔🇩🇪
Thank you for your very detailed narrative from a 76 yr young black woman born in Europe 🇩🇪 and here🇺🇲 age 6 raised Chicago.If you write a book I will buy it,but it's a lot to read on my phone 📱 I did read the entire post and I find it to be spot on.Thank you again😎👏👏💯💯👏🙏🌻
This is so well done and it breaks my heart knowing people like my dad could watch this without believing a word of it 😞
Great video. Ty
These forms of “racisms” are seen in social-cultural moralistic terms; thus, ignoring the political economic roots that create and sustain income and wealth inequality in the US. This is not about disparities among and across racialized people but rather inequalities between those in positions with access to resources and those who don’t have such access. We need to focus on dealing with how our capitalist system encourages the manipulation of the dynamics between capital and labor relations over time by those with access and control over the means of production (across so-called racial groups).
I am dealing with racism on the job. I have emails and recording of the experience me and 2 other employees has experience. We reported it to the director of HR and the president of the company and nothing was done. The EEOC was sent a statement and and the company responded and we was able to prove the the employer lied and their original attorney quit. Now the EEOC won't pursue anything and the company now trying to fire me.
This was fantastic. Thank you so much for creating this
Thank to this video I’m happy for my new journey. “I’m a survivor I’m going make it” song.
It’s amazing how this video provided tangible examples of policies and practices and many still refuse to see past their own ignorance. Wild. I guess some ppl just do not have the range or are just comfortable in their bigotry.
So there's no such thing as high crime areas? It's all just an illusion created by over policing? Yeah sure. Everybody's a victim.
Ignorance is not only bliss but a spear used to pierce all logic
Yah, just blame systemic racism when you can't get a job because you dropped out of high school.
equality is obviously good. equity is obviously evil. que "naturalism is a fallacy" marxist dogwhistles
I must have blinked and missed those tangible examples. Could you repeat them for me?
Excellent resource. Quick question: who is the narrator? Stephen Menendian is credited as the script author, but who is the man delivering this with such force and clarity?
Dr. Chip O'neal. He's listed in the credits.
Shaquille’s brother..?
Well done! The subjects of this video are so misunderstood, invisible, and ignored in public education and popular media that the mere investigation of these systems is unbelievable to most. Repeating of the narratives that the US Govt has long told everyone is the first thing I bet folks who comment here will say without even taking a moment to "reflect" on what they just learned.
you're being lied to. there is no racism. grow up.
equity is pure evil. communism is a weapon of war, an idea inflicted on the masses to destroy a country. wars are not fought mainly with nukes, information is more powerful, lies being the most potent. now start dog whistling your tanky bs.
I appreciate the clarity in this video and the way it explains the difference between interpersonal, institutional, systemic, and structural racism. Thank you!
you're being lied to, maya. there is no racism. grow up.
@@wirmerflagge999 maya is a bot reply. these videos are rife with them. affirmation forward, thank you for lying to everyone! i too think humans should be suppressed in favor of authority! the public is evil and so is trying. thank you government!
Institutional practices not only target race but also gender/sex, age, disability, ethnicity, nationality, religion, and (political belief discrimination for federal eeoc categories I believe was added in the last few years).... Not just race. Hence the EEOC categories. In addition, omitting one of these groups for hiring is also due to nepotism, fraternity or sorority reference, cronyism, religion (only hiring people that have their same religious belief). You make this sound like race is the only target of omissions to programs. It is not true as it also includes the above reasons for omitting one group for another. Example true story in the south:. There are 2 openings at medical school. 3 students apply for medical school. All have impressive qualifications (one minority, one minority that has a doctor dad as a professor at the school, and one white that has a doctor dad that is chairman of the hospital on campus of medical school). What 2 students fill the 2 openings of med school? The two kids of doctor dads (one minority and one white).. However this happens among white groups as well. Another example true story: One white child that had no association of family members in a political position or affiliation at a university and was a straight "A" student and the other white student was a "C" student. Both applied for scholarships to the university and both had impressive resumes. The parents of the "C" student donated millions to the school athletics dept and the "A" student had no affiliation with the school. Who got the full paid scholarship? The rich dad's son. ...... Was this a racial issue? No. This is reality in many situations .. It is association with "who you are" not "what you are" these days. True story. Happens majority of the time in other scenarios as well. Kronyism and Nepotism and politics play a much larger role in decision making practices of jobs, applications to schools, scholarship applications, and other programs...in many many cases. It is Reality.
"requires credentials and certifications which are not strictly necessary for job success". 🙄
You are spouting your own ignorance! Many white employers historically hired only white workers for many years WITHOUT certain credentials. Then, after the famous Civil Rights Act of 1964, when Black Americans were free to apply for such positions, suddenly special new qualifications were required SPECIFICALLY to keep out Blacks COVERTLY while the jobs were filled with whites who never had the new unnecessary credentials.
Great video. Seems someone responded with 1 statistical outlier and is utilizing that to attempt to distract from your video's message. In reality, the black immigrants that come here would not come if we were not exploiting their regions and if we paid them the reparations they deserve.
👏👏👏👏 I saw that.
🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation:
00:00 🤔 Interpersonal racism involves racist beliefs, individuals, targets, and acts.
00:57 🏢 Institutional racism results from policies and practices in organizations that produce racial inequalities, often appearing neutral.
02:15 🔄 Systemic racism encompasses racial inequities that spread between different institutions within a system.
04:11 🏗️ Structural racism considers how entire systems interact, like housing segregation leading to racially segregated schools.
05:08 💰 Historical discriminatory policies, like redlining, can result in present-day racial disparities in wealth and public services.
06:29 🌍 To counter structural racism, policies promoting racial equity and equal opportunity are needed to build a more inclusive world.
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I recommend these issues be made specific and concrete rather than speak in generalizations (such as structural, institutional etc.) as these generalizations commonly lead to misunderstanding. For example, this leads to meaningless language e.g. "the system is racist." Who is Mr. System? Also, interpreting data should always be done with quantitative statistics (regression analysis) to identify and exclude confounding factors. Claims unaccompanied by appropriate statistical analysis should be ignored. Also, it is likely that racially linked disparities arise from social behaviors by people within and outside the racial group, an unconscious process of socialization.
DEI is structural racism. Affirmative action is structural racism.
Can you explain further, I'd love to learn more
Very informative, clear presentation, and not condescending. This is great material. I suggest people consider that others may be suspicious of this or may not be easily convinced of this. And I suggest patience towards them (and Strongly Avoiding Condescension and Calling Them Racists By Complicity, because that really pushes people away, or has them double down). MOST people wanna help make things better for everyone; they just don't wanna be bullied or manipulated into anything they don't trust or understand fully. Being patient in impartially presenting data to them (and respectfully Listening to what they have to say back) is helpful and warranted.
.
POINTING OUT: Pointing Out that racism above the interpersonal level does not require a racist person IS KEY. Most people will get defensive if they feel like they're being called out as racist or being made responsible for something they feel they aren't.
Interesting. So black people who have the least finances, and have the most pain have to be more patient than the racists who benefit from racism?
Blacks and African have held their heads low on the plantation, it won't be acceptable in 2023 and beyond. Otherwise, they're tap dancing again. DO you get it?
@@WorldWideLoveNowWell said I'm not really a patient person but I've shown a lot of patience and I'm 75 I'm tired. Like Dr. King and many others who asked the question "How Long , How Long."🤔
so it would be institutional racism that leads to the unequal outcome of all the medal winners in Olympic sprinting events being black?
I dislike comment like yours that attempt to use minority cases (I don't mean color) to discredit the points being made. Athletes, actors, and musicians are roles a few people occupy.
1.) The fact that black athletes are often successful doesn't negate the entire point being made in the video.
2.) It is also by design that those black athletes are allowed to have that role as a way to distract/medicate the masses from questioning or rising up against the system.
3.) The NFL, NBA might just be a niche for black athletes the same way skiing, swimming might be a niche for white athletes
@@Uzodesign of course you dislike my comments, because my comments reveal the truth and the hypocrisy connected with discussions on equity, equality and differences in groups.
1. if you apply the theory of equity fairly, and without racial prejudice, there would be a movement to ensure blacks do NOT comprise the majority in Olympic athletic events like sprinting, correct? yes or no?
(your answer will reveal if you are racist or not).
2. "allowed to have that role".
who exactly "allowed" Muhammed Ali to become the greatest boxer in the world, and who exactly "disallows" anyone from challenging black champions?
3. when you say a "niche", could we then say any activity that sees domination by a certain racial group is just a "niche" and is therefore undeserving of any need for equity? How about chess? How about computer programming? How about opera singing? which of those are "niches" and which are not, and please explain.
They aren't minority cases, blacks dominate any sport they participate in. And are massively over-represented in music and entertainment.@@Uzodesign
I guess "systemic"never really caught on so they have to try another catchy little word."structural"racism huhuhuhu I have a black friend who can not stand black people and really won't go near them if he can help it.his wife is white, his employees are white, his friends, including me, are white.Ive never gotten into why he's like that, it's not something either of us dwell on, I just noticed after a couple of years of knowing him.
Thanks for this.
However, 02:08 regarding voting laws: irrespective of what colour our faces are; something is wrong if in the 21st century, alleged adults do not have the required documentation to (i) clarify their American citizenship and (ii) confirm they’re permitted to vote. People need to acknowledge how this relates to matters of homeland security and crime prevention, such as fraud.
You need to explain why African and Caribbean blacks do far better in America than American born.
they can't. because they are grifters.
Don’t understand from that why every ineqality is called racism. Same ineqalities exist within a same race. Why that should be different?
What kind of argument is that. Inequalities exist within same races, so therefore there’s no racial division inequality. 🤦🏽♂️
Thanks for the video. Clear definitions.
The analysis is missing the rage of historic trauma in corners of our African American community. This rage breeds a reflexive defiance to 'Whiteness' which undermines success in the 'system' or any system.
Thoughts?
Differences will always exist, because different groups tend to cluster together at many levels. Attempts to equalize everything by force will create injustice and lead to a civil war.
How do you know this argunment is even given by so called upper caste people in India??😂😂are u people same
No one ever said anything about force. The goal is to educate the people about the problem so the people can bring it to their representatives who can write new policies.
At the center of these issues are policies that can benefit more than just minorities; if more people could see that by educating themselves on this then there wouldn't be a war because we'd all agree.
@@nimi-nae without force it's impossible to make as you said "all agree". Stop believing that whoever doesn't believe in your delusional ideology is uneducated.
Thank you so much for this in-depth research on this issue. It would be great to have 14 more videos of this stature to address the other social constructs in Dr. Kimberlé Crenshaw’s original intersectionality diagram.
Children are not born with with Racism or Hatefulness…
It is taught to children by the ones who rise them and the peoples who are around them.
Racism and hate will never end until, we realize we are teaching our children those bad things.
Children want to grow to like their parents.
We must be careful how we rise our kids … Aloha
So... by removing what racism means as in act or belief from the definition of structural or institutional racism we can count something as racist without it being caused or motivated by racism.... got it. That's some mental gymnastics right there. In essence you want to classify any policy that effects certain groups differently as racist. So 'tax the rich' is racist. If not why not?
I have one serious question. While I agree that many systemic barriers to black progress have existed in the past, they have been counterprogrammed for many years without much effect. Where does black culture (in some segments of black America) come into the picture? Other ethnic/racial groups were similarly disadvantaged but have roared past whites. Honestly, I think that focusing on victim ideology is to blame. No one is preventing blacks from succeeding TODAY.
EDIT: I should have been more careful in my initial wording, because many millions of black Americans are doing JUST FINE. They are 10% of American millionaires and there are several black billionaires. They are doctors and lawyers and business owners and judges and high level politicians. Perhaps we see what THEY are doing and create policies that promote the same in the urban black communities. Heck, we should do that across ALL races, because they are plenty of whites, Hispanics, etc in the same boat. I'll tell you why we don't: Because the findings would devastate progressive narratives - the importance of marriage, 2-parent homes INCLUDING THE FATHER, etc. That they keep the poor in place by their policies is the clearest evidence that they want to keep them a dependent block, and thereby reliable votes.
@blair fisher. You are correct. I could claim that the USA systemically descriminates against males because females do better in school and outnumber men in institutions of higher learning and that men have higher incarceration rates, or I could claim that there is systemic racism against whites because we have higher incarceration rates, higher rates of broken homes, and lower rates of academic achievement than Asian Americans.
What a racist stament
@MrSinEon I know. Facts are so inconvenient to the narrative aren't they? The problem is that I am an historian and economist who has read the actual stats and documents in their original form. Like how black immigrants do at least as well as whites economically, and Asians outperform and outearn whites in the USA as a whole. If we are structurally racist were doing a really bad job of it. But hey, ghetto culture has nothing to do with it right? Like the 75% of babies there being born into single mother homes? And while you shout racism I would point out that similarly negative subgroups exist in white and Hispanic culture with the same pathologies (see Appalachia and the Barrio culture). Tired of people who act like helpless victims when they have the power to change it.
EDIT: And you want to know where the destruction of the black family began? Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society" programs. And you may want to look up what he said behind the scenes when he signed it: "We'll keep those n______s voting for us for 200 years." While blacks had HIGHER marriage rates than whites and were steadily closing the wealth gap even during the ugly Jim Crow years (which were more subtly enforced in the North too), both immediately began to go in the wrong direction as the policies began to take effect.
Read/watch Thomas Sowell - he completely and comprehensively shatters the narrative.
@@MrSinEon Which statement is racist?
@@WhizzingFish12 good point.
Thanks the dominant group will say this is a lie 😮
You guys need some Thomas Sowell in your life. Children born under the same household also have different outcomes. The first born is usually more successful than the second born. Is that structural discrimination? Ya’ll need to shut up and quit looking for hand outs and sympathy
why uneven educational opportunities? maybe because most homie school students do not take their studies seriously? why overpolicing? maybe because of way higher crime rates in the hoods, no?
Ever heard of the "5 Why's"? It's a technique for getting to the root of a problem. You've asked one Why for two different problems, but didn't continue asking because you don't really want to know the answers.
I'll help you.
2. Why don't black kids take their studies seriously?
- Because they don't feel like it's important.
3. Why don't they feel like it's important?
- Because they don't think it's relevant to them and their life.
4. Why don't they think it's relevant to them?
- Because the general school curriculum doesn't cover anything they are going through, but focus entirely on gaining college skills. The kids know college is expensive and they know that even their parents don't have enough money to cosign on a loan, so they don't think they could realistically make it to college. Since school doesn't address that concern, they start trying to come up with other ways outside of school to get financial stability, and unfortunately that often leads to crime. This is the case with many low-income kids and not just blacks.
5. Why doesn't school have a curriculum that addresses low-income situations and how to overcome it, like how to build credit and what resources are available to help?
- Because the school system uses a similar curriculum to the old private school systems, which were designed for kids from higher classes who could afford college. It simply wasn't written with any other class in mind. Since the lower class is disproportionately black, that means that race experiences disproportional opportunities; aka Systematic Racism.
You can keep asking "Why?" to go even deeper, like "Why is the lower class disproportionately black?" and even add some "How's" like "How did that happen?" And you will find more answers.
Assuming you actually want to find the truth.
@@nimi-nae the 5whys are only applicable when there is one deep root cause of the problem. here it is misleading and manipulative. I can equally or even better use the 5 whys to arrive at the opposite cause: because blacks don´t value education -> because their parents do not pass the proper values to them -> because they live in single-parent families -> because they copulate and give birth irresponsibly and out of wedlock -> because LBJ and welfare checks
Racial inequity is not and has never been, racism. This is in contradiction of the definition of real racism
Watch the Ben Shapiro version after this.
@@slevinchannel7589 it literally dismantles every point made in this video. Have you watched it?
@@nobodytonobodysbusiness No but i have very much absorbed all the Knowledge that Ben-Shapiro s 'completly debunked on the topic of racism and has been like that for a good while'.
UA-camr Some More News has debunked literally everything Ben has ever lied-up. Ben is furthermore completly the punchingbag of history-youtubrs, historians and history-teachers. So your really doing 'Appeal to Authority'-Fallacy here with someone whos 'literally disagreed-by every single actual Authoity'.
I know this is hard to swallow but Ben Shapiro is... wrong.
@@nobodytonobodysbusiness I KNOW this is hard for you to accept but: Every single Expert of the Humanworldddd says Ben Shapiro is wrong about Racism.
Every Historian on this Planet universally agrees as much as Absolutleness goes that Systemic-Racism is objectively a Thing. And one guy, Shapiro, says otherwise.
Sorry but you dont understand: If i say 'All Experts of the Humanrace disagree with Ben' thats not meant to say 'Yeah, theres different sidess, and you, nobodytonoboysbuisness decide what youo believe in'. Nah, one side is wrong. Totally wrong.
Hilariously wrong. Systemic-Racism is literally a Topic no one has NOT refuted Ben on: they gus is so debunked and completly torn to shreds on the topic, History-UA-camrs stopped using the term DunningKruger and are literally saying 'Pulling a Shapiro' when someone talks about atopic they have certainly the least clue out of everyone ho ever spoke about it: EVER' Im deeply sorry that you got misled by this 'famous Grifter and Extremist' but no, Systemic-Racism is real. The Experts have spoken, the Topic is settled. I would say Go refute the racism-videos and jim-crow-video by 'Some More News' but i think we both know your not in the right headspace&mindset.
@@nobodytonobodysbusiness You refered to an authority so authorityless no historian in all
of the milkyway respects this little wanker. But instead of selfreflecting on that, you leave.
@@nobodytonobodysbusiness Guess im never hearing back from you and you keep believ ing in 'debunked liar Ben'
You say all these things but the statistics show different. If i spoke the truth here id be banned for honesty. How convenient.