How we see color - Colm Kelleher
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- Опубліковано 7 січ 2013
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/how-we-see-...
There are three types of color receptors in your eye: red, green and blue. But how do we see the amazing kaleidoscope of other colors that make up our world? Colm Kelleher explains how humans can see everything from auburn to aquamarine.
Talk by Colm Kelleher, animation by TED-Ed.
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i love that our eyes are seeing this and knowing that this is happening while we're watching this
Our eyes are only the light sensors and signal converters, the actual seeing happens in our brain.
@@basti4655 yeah right man!
@@basti4655 fr! everything that we perceive as happening is just consistent hallucination lmao
Cruise
@@basti4655 well reeeeeally, the processing takes place in the eye
First I always think the natural world is beautiful. But in a way, the act of us learning something is just as beautiful
It's one and the same as we are part of the 'natural world'. Yuval Noah Harari author of Sapiens A Brief History of Humankind, taught me this and much more.
@@laureleephillips8266 one of the best books I've read, very sad in some parts too
this fascinating! but then I started to wonder... what if someone genetically engineered a people with retina cone cells for other light waves? like ultraviolet or radio waves. would those guys think the rest of us color blind? and how might their perception of color be different from ours? Makes you think doesn't it?
+Nathan Ricard Would be fantastic if that was possible
Well light is just energy that is being transferred. The difference between different electromagnectic waves ( ultraviolet waves, radio waves, light) is simply their wave lenght.
Color, is an illusion. Our eyes our merely sensers, the energy transferred with wave lengths of ( 400 cm to 700 cm ) is called light..
Actually there's animals like butterflies who can see at least double the colors we can, they have six of those color sensors so they can mix up more color combinations we can only imagine.
There is a condition(forgot what it was called) that causes a person to have 4 cones in their eyes (only present in women and quite rare), the world perceived by them is full of more colours than the average person can determine.
Nathan Ricard those kind of peole alrady exist..it's most like you say..they ate tetra chromatic...
They can see four colours...
just evolution...
While I knew all of these things, I always have a hard time explaining and you guys are doing an awesome job at it. I think from now on everything I speak to someone about colours the eyes I'm just gonna show them this video instead. Keep up the good work!! :)
lol, Its an Irish accent.
He sounds so happy. :D
jacksepticye.
he sounds happytalking about rainbows, get it? patrick’s day
seeing this makes me want to protect my eyes more
7 years later
@@beanman4342 1 month later
@@mayasudac6232 1 week later
@@buggax7967 2 hours later
Yeah
A nice, concise, and simple explanation of a complex topic.
Yea, you made my point clearer and more concise than I did, hadn't thought about the "cross wiring" with other sensations of which there are many examples now I think about it!
This is one of the most fascinating video I've ever seen. Proves how little I know. Thanks!
Ted-Ed videos r equal to ASMR videos for mee,so relaxing ...😌 (additional benefit: no wastage of any products and u get to know about something in detail)
Beautifully and lucidly explained 👌
RGB is an additive color system, where the colors combine together at the same time.
Red blue and yellow form the basis of a subtractive color system. Each dye works by absorbing colors, but reflecting a certain frequency well in order to give it its color. When you combine them, the two dyes each absorb some of each others frequencies, which causes them to reduce the strength of the two.
The primary colors in each are really determined by several things and I don't have room here for it.
What makes it even sillier is that the video that is being displayed is encoded in terms of R, G and B, so any yellow that is displayed is merely reconstructed from the existing RGB source, which is what our eyes would do anyway.
Animations are WOW really playing a big role in understanding and learning. 👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
Wow isn't an adjective
@@nickromo8195 so you really care about that?
good video, nicely and concisely explains certain aspects of colour vision in humans.
Wouldn't noise cancellation require both waves to have the same frequency? So that, like you said, the opposite amplitudes coincide.
This gets me thinking though: If waves of diff frequencies superpose, then shouldn't we always just see one resultant wave? Rather than seeing discrete colors and objects, shouldn't we just see one "final" wave as given by the superposition formula?
I like hearing voice artists with a variety of accents. Addison is good, but I'm happy to hear the diversity of others.
Thank you so much for your videos. I find them very helpful; I have an exam in perception and cognition, and your videos are extremely helpful! Thank you!
Ahhh, the 'no signal' tv screen with that specific array of colours... It all makes sense haha!
It's so helpful.Thank you,Ted.
Wow, I'm used to working with RGB stuff in photoshop and video editing software, but I honestly never knew why these three colours are so important. Thank you so much for clearing that up, it totally makes sense to me now!:)
very beautifully presented Thank you
Thank you! I was about to tell Smith something myself but then I saw your comment. You actually said more than what I was about to x)
thank you for presentation.
Finally, It took me some time to find a show that understands why we really see light. I give props to Colm Kelleher's internet science show... I feel you should get the nobel-peace prize but maybe some day...
Thank you, I search this too much but couldn't find an answer. Thanks to you now I am so happy to find an answer to my question
Thanks for the knowledge bro😊
Loved your explanation 👏 👌
great video. Thank you!!
i really loved the way it explained
This REALLY helped me on my science project !!!! :D
Wow, this sounds really cool!
this little film is exceptional!
Thats a very good point of spectrum processing. The thresh hold between the subreality in which reality is born from. Color blocks being separated in a play pen is much different than four color theorm. Its the complexities associated with human emotion based on colors and unresolved historical grivences that have effect all down to the simple level of color processing. Colors have history already pre-wired into them before life is even born.
the frequency of light waves don't have colors - they are just frequencies. It is only when they stimulate the cones in our retina that we "see" color.
very simple ... brilliant
That’s really an eye opener ☺️
Yeah, I think I'll continue to make subs for videos. It'd be great to translate it in voice and posting as a video response. I'm working on it...
Did anybody notice the color wheel shown in this video at 0:46 is wrong. Blue, red and yellow are the primary colors. They have green in place of yellow.
No , green is a primary colour (to be precise additive primary colour)you're confused with the colour wheel of pigment. In painting or arts, we consider yellow a primary colour ( subtractive primary colours)
The composition of these 3 receptors make us perceive colors and that's why the red color you see isn't actually the same red color some other guy sees because you both don't have the exact number of photoreceptors. Job well done Ted👍 Widened our perspective
BTW are you really TED the man with the golden voice who was found homeless before his talent's recognition
I know this comment is from 2 years ago, but having more receptors then someone else doesn’t mean you see a completely different color, we all have the same type of cones (short, medium, long) having more of let’s say long cones can help you differentiate between long wavelengths, so if you have more long cones you can see more shades of red than the average person, not see a completely different color.
I LOVE THIS!!! TED ED ARE THE GOATS!!!
This is fantastic!
I would hire this guy just to say the word "cone"
Thank Boss .
Please more videos
Can you explain how this works with the opponent process theory of vision
Thank You For Sharing...
this is really eye opening
You disagree with the statement that "two different frequencies shouldn't interact at all" yet give as a counterexample the case when "two waves of opposite amplitude coincide" to produce noise cancellation. Opposite amplitude yes, but they need to be of the SAME FREQUENCY for it to work. The man in the video is wholly correct.
Awesome! Thanks!
0:15 - 0:21
Вы наверное слышали, что свет, в некотором смысле, является волной и что цвет объекта зависит от частоты световой волны, которую он отражает.
0:22 - 0:29
Свет с высокой частотой электро-магнитного излучения видится нам фиолетовым, с низкой - красным, а промежуточная частота светового спектра видится нам желтой, зеленой, оранжевой и т.д.
Yes, but not exactly. Color is just a frequency of light and isn't color until it is perceived as color by our brain. Because we perceive the monitor as yellow, it is yellow, even if there is no yellow light. However, there may be yellow light for some of us because there is a series of TVs that have added a fourth color to the tv screens; a yellow one. If someone is using that TV as a monitor, then yes, the Yellow is Yellow.
thank you , i have been watching all yoour videos and i learn a lot more things then i do in school :)
Mind expanded thanks
JUST PERFECT!
Does this mean if someone has more red cones the yellow light will be perceived more as an orange? Or a darker yellow?
Goldfish actually have a yellow cone in their eye, they could tell us what yellow really looks like, but we don't speak goldfish.🐠
Wow, that was really good.
In the diagram, why is light shown moving through portions of the eye other than the pupil? Also, going by how physicists sometimes speak, light waves are bigger than the waves shown in this diagram.
I have a question. If the cone cells are damaged, leaving only the rod ones, does it mean I will see black and white? It might be cool somehow
Very good video. Thanks.
The RGB-color system is used to describe light, while the RYB-color system is used to describe paint. If you mixed all colored light together you would get white, while if you mixed all colored paint together you would get black.
great information, thank you :)
if just blue waves shine on a red object, the red object absorbs the wave, as it also would with the green wave (objects just reflect theyre own color waves) so you would see - black.
Color is property of the object. Color is produced by the absorption of selected wavelengths of light by an object. Objects can be thought of as absorbing all colors except the colors of THEIR APPEARANCE which are reflected (that's why color is property of the object). A blue object illuminated by white light absorbs most of the wavelengths except those corresponding to blue light. These blue wavelengths are reflected by the object.
+Kendall Angel Hey, did you just copy/paste BasharCommunications's comment when "attaking" my other comment?
(Also by this logic, the property of the object would be wavelenght of el.magn. waves, not color)
There may not be evidence that the brain creates color, but there ain't no evidence that light is color either.
No, you get it wrong, YOU confuse perception with reality. I'm repeating myself, but you guys just don't seem to get it.
Look what i'm saying is this: The physical property called light, actually doesn't look like it looks to us. Its only colored when sensed and translated by a certain biochemical algorithm. It gets translated into color, but in and of itself (eg. it's objective "look") it is not colored.
I'm nit saying that light doesn't exist or anything like that, just saying that it doesn't look like anything outside of brains capable of processing light.
This doesn't mean that it can't be sensed:
It still has energy, it still can interact with matter, therefore it still can be sensed by other organisms without a brain to "produce" the color.
All you need in order to explain that, is that electro magnetic waves do exist beyond our perception, and they do interact with other objects beyond our perception. Color is not needed to explain any of these phenomenon
YOU guys say, that what you percieve (color) is actually the same thing as the objective physical property that is being observed.
therefore YOU confuse perception with reality, because YOU say that you can see the objective qualities of light.
I'm saying that i can't see the objective properties of light, because i think they can't be seen. Therefore i differentiate between what i can see and what is really physically there, outside of my brain.
If that sounds like confusing perception with reality to you, then you're lost in the labyrinth of your own confused "reality".
I always wondered what would happen if we only had the cone cells that correspond to red. Would we see in black and white, or black and red?
Guillermo González Camarena was the mexican inventor that made the first color TV :) .
nice
Thank you for giving this opportunity, I think an object gets its color as it accepts that quantum of energy..for example red color is obtained as the object is at that energy quantum in its natural state..
oh... yeah :(
I know those.. thanks for helping me with the definition
can we bypass the eye and directly induce these colors to visual cortex?
flawless explanation of this in youtube
My take on it is that all the different regions of the brain is used for interpretating different forms of signals. As these senses gets more and more complex with more and more ways of observing the physical world. Soundwaves, lightwaves and then representations to predict causal patterns of all these signals your brain has taken in. The conciousness grows out of these senses in combination to build a richer simulation of the oustide world. An observer is needed to get a full picture of it.
And you can prove it with a good camera or the color picker within a paint programm.
The rods and cones should be pointing outwards instead of inwards, with regards to the center of the eyeball
Amazing video ❤️
red has the lowest frequency wave, blue is the highest frequency wave we can see, yet when their together we see purple which is even higher than blue?
I also know that pink is not part of the color spectrum?
this video was so helpful for my project im doing
The "cancelling" only happens to waves of the same frequency and opposite phases (not amplitudes, amplitude is always positive by definition). So waves of the same or very close frequencies do "interact" with each other (scientifically speaking, they make an interference pattern), but waves of different frequencies propagate mostly independently from one another. See wikipedia page on Interference.
I simply think that there are some phenomena wich can be both perceived and phisically described, and others that can only be perceived or only be described phisically. And, of course, that experiencing something is completely different than just understand it theoretically, but this doesn't mean that a theoretical description could not correspond to or explain perceivable phenomena (for example we don't directly perceive the velocity of gas particles in the air, but we do perceive temperature, which theoretically depends on this average velocity). There would be much more to discuss and think about
No, but if you are interested in more on this please visit the Vsause channel, and find the video 'This Is Not Yellow'.
Loved the video btw
2:03 - 2:15
У человека нет специального фоторецептора для определения желтого света; желтый в некоторой степени близок и к краснгому, и к зеленому, поэтому колбочки, соответсвующие этим цветам, будут задействованы, посылая сигнал в мозг.
2:16 - 2:25
Конечно, есть и другой способ активировать красные и зеленые фоторецепторы одновременно, если свет, с соответствующими частотами поступает в глаз единовременно.
Very cool!
Thanks!
If the red and green christmas lights are overlapped and neither blocks each other(not realistic assumption), it will look like a piece of yellow lightsource. But you see a red light and a green light at [different locations]. Beams of light coming from different locations arrive at different points on retina, thus stimulating different cells of different points. Brain can interprete both color and "location"(or rather, "direction") of the light source, not only the color.
Great!
Да и исследования ведуться двух основных направлениях: качество и количество. Т. е., возможно улучшить качество изображения, путем использования лучших материалов (ученые из Австралии используют искусственные алмазы для покрытия 256-электродного прототипа бионического глаза для инкапсуляции бионических устройств), усовершенствования технологии (например, при помощи генной инженерии), а также профилактики и изобретении новых методов лечения глазных заболеваний...Что является функцией творчества?
Nice precious knowledge worth it watching it after 9yrs lol can't believe
1:13 - 1:17
И все же, как это область, в которой смешаны красный и зеленый, видится нам желтой?
1:18 - 1:21
Чтобы это понять, необходимо знание биологии.
1:22 - 1:24
В частности то, каким образом человек видит цвет.
1:25 - 1:30
Восприятие цвета происходит на уровне слоя клеток, размером с толщину бумажного листа; на так называемой сетчатке, которыая покрывает внутренней часть глаза.
1:31 - 1:37
Сетчатка состоит из двух типов фоторецепторных клеток: палочки и колбочки.
you can. check out flux on google. It helps with your computer screen.
Thank you so much
This guys voice is amazing.
when I look at something and focus hard I see blue and orange lines around it, I think it is my glasses because when I take them off they disapear.
You're totally right.
magenta (or was it pink?) doesn't exist as a frequency on the EM spectrum, it's how our mind fills the gap to join the two ends of visible light, or what's left if you remove green, so in that case is always a mixture of blue and red
Loved it. But there is a mistake in the Spanish translation. At 2:43, "rod" is translated as "red".
ahm, in the RGB-color sytem (like seen in the video) Green is its own color. But in the RYB system blue and yellow mixed gives us green. I am confused by these two systems can you maybe explain them thoroughly?
Well done! I would have also mentioned a little bit of the opponent-process theory, though.
Trichromatic theory is only half of the story, and it would be important to say that even if it makes it a bit more complicated.
Can you explain?
This video is interesting but I'd love to see an additional few of minutes talking about white. There is no way to make white light with a monochromatic light source, it only exists as a mixture of other wavelengths of light. In essense, there is no physical white light, it only exists in the mind. Would make a good segway into talking about how the brain processses and represents our qualitative experience of colour, which is truely fascinating.
So why do we need to see color? What advantage does an animal who can see color have over the other?
The video was very interesting.
Lucky for digital camera makers.