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I think solid state batteries are likely a better option at this point. There are several companies already building test production facilities or producing test batteries. SSB's are lighter and have a higher w/l energy density than even SOG batteries.
between 5 to 10 years if it delivers on expectations. I am more interested in its capacity for thermal runaway and catastrophic events. I've seen an 8 pound lithium battery for a Marine Radio blow....well.... I saw the Sargent in charge of the Battery Locker fly through the door, taking the door, and about 50 feet across the field where the Battery Locker was at. Made me happy to be in charge of the Aircraft NiCad Battery Locker. Thermal Run Away? easy to deal with. Lead Acid (not me, AS2 had that one) never had an issue. 20 years working Aircraft only saw one NiCad Battery go in thermal runaway.... saw a few Lithium Batteries pop...but, Navy gotta expect that.
You are right this will eventually get in the hands of civilians which is a good thing. But if they already have them in the equipment testing phases, That's a pretty big deal.
There is no such thing as a "light" kit for a soldier. Every time a soldier's base gear gets lighter the Army immediately says "Oh fantastic! Now you can carry even MORE crap!"
@@2012Viking I bet given the choice you'd prefer a larger fraction of those kilos to be ammo made possible from that smaller fraction of batteries! Unless you can throw REALLY hard! ... Hey that's an idea, give military lithium batteries a "press here to explode" button, turning them into makeshift incendiary and gas weapons, specifically: Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen Carbon monoxide Methane Carbon dioxide Ethylene Phosphorus pentafluoride Phosphoryl fluoride Bit _warcrimey_ but you can just say it's a natural part of battery fires! 😂
I still remember when I was in the military and they were using this high tech battery that the public had never heard of. Compared with batteries sold to civilians these batteries just jaw dropping with the power they had and the length of time they could run before their life cycle ended. What were these batteries? Alkaline. Before long they were allowed on store shelves for everyone to buy.
@@coffeeisgood102 my grandfather always mentioned the advantage of the army having GPS when he was a in WW2. apparently even back then the position was with in inches.
@@YodielandInhabitant710 Yep! They used radio towers to triangulate! Of course that meant a much smaller effective range, but it let them have a working "GPS" (not exactly Global) for wartime.
@@fgvcosmic6752the GPS project only started in 1973 with the first satellite launched in 1978. This was in response to limitations of the OMEGA navigation system, which became operational in 1971 and was the first worldwide radio navigation system. The technology used during WWII were hyperbolic radio navigation systems. The first system was developed by the British and called GEE, but later they deployed the Decca Navigator System, which was vital to the D-day landings. While the US used a system called LORAN, which was similar to the British GEE
Before even starting the full video (past the introduction), comm gear is HEAVY. The battery packs weigh so much, so being able to cut down the size/weight of the batteries for the radio packs is going to be a game changer in the field.
Keep dreaming. Everytime they find weight to shave with one thing they load you with more of something else. Even if it is just more batteries, ammo, or food!
All that is gonna do is make it so you carry 1/3 more battery power than now along with the extra room going to more supplies for a longer mission time.
Genuine question: When people say things like, “..even at just 1 atom thick, it’s 200x stronger than steel.” Is that comparison with a hypothetical 1 atom thick sheet of steel? Hypothetical because there is no steel atom. It seems like a tricky comparison and I’m genuinely curious at how they make it.
@@SergePavlovsky I'm pretty sure a block of steel will still hold up to getting hit with a big hammer (or smashed in a forge press) better than a block of graphene would (if you could even make a block of graphene to test). Makes me wonder if block graphene would be brittle or spongy... current "carbon fiber" fabrics are fairly pliable, but not sure how that would translate to a 3-D crystalline matrix. Or would that basically be diamond? One thing for sure. It's gonna be a few years before we get a UA-cam video where they make that test :)
2.00 Some 1st Lieutenant out there: "Since these new batteries are lighter than the old ones, it means you can carry more of them with you." Always happens with new and lighter items = more items to drag with you.
@@SollowP if you had a choice between two magazines or carrying a battery. I think it could be a game changer. I'll let somebody else carry the extra battery and I'll carry his extra magazines
5:37 Little clarification - SEI layers form on battery anodes due to decomposition of the electrolyte or additives therein. This is true for both graphite and silicon anodes. The formation of SEI is mostly considered to be beneficial because it creates a stable, electrically insulating layer which allows Li+ ions to pass through, but prevents the electrolyte decomposing further. It does increase resistance, but the battery wouldn't last more than a handful of cycles without it.
It's actually scary. It's super dangerous if any accidents happen. It also can destroy air quality and best of all can contaminate water! That's the last thing Flint needs. Possibly why they chose that spot
Another big benefit not mentioned in the video is cold weather performance. The military is putting a lot of money into the Arctic so having batteries that can perform in the cold is important.
@@MrWackozacko Nominal WH is just that, nominal. Capacity of a battery is dependant on the draw rate. The fact they mention playback at a much higher rate means these are more efficient at low power operation than at high draw.
I really like how you balance a cautious tone with the potential good news. In the case of SOG battery technology, you balanced the proprietary secrecy against what appears to be a company filling large orders of actual product. That makes sense to me. Well-done video!
Matt, this is an excellent video, and gives me more hope for next gen batteries than most of the press releases that come out about battery advances. Also, glad to see you implemented my suggestion about the Technology Readiness Level! Super cool!
Carrying a Ericsson radio from 1990 and a G3 Rifle in the swedish homeguard (not to mention the extra body weight that comes with seniority) I think it all sounds like a good idea. We need to make everything more light weight.
Making each piece of gear lighter merely means you get to carry more gear. Strap-on that carbon fiber exoskeleton for support and pray the energy density of batteries improves to the point where robots can relieve you of your duties.
@@Chris.Brissonwell actually no, the amount of gear you carry is actually calculated. Its not just bring more, they way the losses over benefits. They actually want you fairly light weight
The needs of the military has historically created devices and technology that in time the general public benefits from later. Nice to see a product produced at home and not dependent on foreign countries to supply.
As the old joke goes, "Graphene can do everything except get it out of the laboratory". Well, getting graphene into the military I suppose is one way to get it out of the lab, so naturally, I have to wonder how long we've actually been using graphene-based tech
@@3nertia Relying on the military for advancement is often far more beneficial rather than on the civilian market as they'll often end up as open source technologies instead of being copyrighted by a company or individuals when on the civilian sector anyway. Much like the Internet, which was originally conceived as a military project that ended up on the civilian sector.
@@dannyzero692 That was back in the day when the primary source for Military advancement were college students and in house R&D. These days a lot of what we hear about in terms of military development is contracted. Which isn't surprising given that post 9/11 government corruption skyrocketed. It'll take a huge public effort to restore open source and public domain to what it was. Unfortunately the political will among every day people for that goal just isn't there. Despite the fact that fixing copyright and patent standards would save Americans billions while also improving economic mobility.
Notice that Nanograf mentions nothing about safety and resistance to thermal runaway on their website. If it was safer that would be in the headline advantage list.
What do you mean? Of course we want a slow linear voltage drop. The slower the voltage drops the more area under the curve so more energy . Also make for more predictable performance across SoC.
@@ferrumignis This guy complaining about hypothetical thermal runaways when the most common batteries these days, Lithium based, will ignite when exposed to air or even if built poorly like chinese ones. They're literally tiny little incendiary devices!
The military wanted 18650 that could hold a minimum of 4 amp hours. So these guys delivered exactly that. But the price isn't ever coming down on sog. It's a military contract.
I'll wait until everyone has been using them for a few years. Then I'll buy just one and see how it goes. If it works well for a couple of years then maybe I'll buy another.
@@ghoulbuster1 You already are - most batteries are made in china whether you like it or not. China has some of the most advanced battery factories on the planet. The rest of the world needs to wake up, and catch up.
You have a CMOS battery in your mother board. If you ever have a power surge and your computer won't start after, pulling that battery out could get it started again,
That's what i was thinking. Though old Tube CRT TV's had HUGE capacitors so you could get the screen on quickly (as in not taking 5 minutes)... maybe one of those is what he means... (I'm being sarcastic btw)
Having been in the Army back in the 80s, I can testify to the battery problem. Even back then, when we were still using alkaline cells, getting the battery you need for the device you had could be a problem. Picture a D cell battery that is only 1/3 as tall but the same diameter. That's what my driver's night vision scope used on the M60A3 tank. That battery was something you'd need if the vehicle powered plug got damaged, which could be frequent. You wouldn't be running down to Radio Shack for one of those batteries, nor many others that the army used, even back then. That this tech is going to be produced at scale in a commonly used form-factor, I'm going to keep my eyes open for them soon. I've got a few gadgets that use those 18650 cells, so a market already exists if they can make the price economical.
A US university and start-up research lab have developed an inexpensive process to make graphene from coal. They received funding to further develop that for producing graphene on an industrial scale.
@@mrtempertantrum just so you know gun enthusiasts and people who have to rely on them are extremely reluctant on electronics inhibiting the functionality of the gun. its the reason we've had finger print scanners for door locks for like 30 years but have never until very recently put it in a gun despite having the technology. and the one gun that is using such a fingerprint scanner is only meant to be a nightstand gun, because no on duty officer or soldier would trust it.
I was surprised that you didn’t provide any estimates on energy density and cycle life. These are the standards that show us how game changing this technology is.
This video doesn't mean anything until actual batteries exist with an NSN one can order from Supply. All these battery stories are really clickbait because NONE of the info in them is useful.
I don't know. I didn't hear any specifics on energy density, capacity. And very little about cycle rate other than maybe a ten fold increase in charge speed, but no real numbers. What is the environmental impact of the process? Does it require the handling of hazardous materials? What waste is produced? There's a million questions not answered. How am I expected to give an informed opinion without information?
@@An_Attemptfor a lot, dare I say most people it’s already completely feasible. At least as the second car in a household. It’s just too expensive for what it is.
Amazing video, Graphene will "change the world!" I think Graphene will eventually be used for so many items including batteries, how about Salt Water/Fresh water conversion or a space elevator? Replace our existing electrical power grid with super conductor graphene an get rid of those ugly above ground power lines.
We are so far away from space elevators that it's not even worth thinking about. Sure "it's 200x stronger than steel" but if we can only manufacture chunks of it at microscopic scales then it's useless for anything mechanical.
These days battery makers generally do not want to prevent SEI formation. Instead they want to leverage it to the benefit of the battery. SEI formation is used on-purpose in numerous lithium battery types, most especially LiFePO4 (LFP), to vastly increase the cycle life of the battery. It provides structural integrity to (mostly) the anode by protecting it from other unwanted chemical reactions, while still letting ions through. -Matt
Trickle down is inevitable, but how fast depends on whether the cost to produce ever gets competitive with the preexisting alternatives. Transparent aluminum was supposed to replace phone screens and car windows 20 years ago and there is exactly one model of anything (on the consumer market) that uses it yet and that's a luxury item. Improvements in production cost there have obviously been slow to non-existent.
@@3nertia I don't, but their original intent was to use it to strengthen concrete, so they were able to produce Significant volumes. They're using a process developed & patented by the University of Queensland (corrected...). Their intent was to develop aluminum graphene batteries.
I'm thankful this channel exists, because it's hard to cut through the graphene hype and figure out what's actually production viable, and what's just marketing hype from a research lab. Seeing the actual practical applications of graphene is a pretty good indicator of where the technology will be in 10 years.
Some positive criticism.....Maybe I missed it....I didn't hear any info about the performance of the batteries or how they perform in comparison to existing lithium ion batteries. I really wish all videos on this channel would start out with a graphic showing the performance characteristics of a given product in comparison with existing tech....THEN explain how it was accomplished. Otherwise viewers spend 15min wondering why they should care.
I'd be all for it if they have as long a shelf-life as CR123 batteries. After going through 8 days without electricity after Helene passed through, I'm more sold than ever on the benefits of CR123 batteries as those were the only ones that were of any use in all my gear here. Everything running on normal batteries was dead either from the batteries running out of juice or just busting open and corroding everything. Only my Surefire light was working. And my oil lamps. So a lighter battery that lasts longer might be great, but will it sit there for a year or more untouched... and still function when you need it? If so, count me in.
if I can drop-in replace my phones battery it would be the most earth shattering thing for most everyone. hope it reaches to the hands of hardware hackers and developers
I spoke with this computer hardware engineer on a plane once and he said his friend was making pretty large graphene crystals on sheets of copper and then dissolving the copper away from the graphene 🤷🏼 definitely one of or the smartest individuals I've ever met, or at least the conversation that was the farthest over my head
What's the Wh/kg. on these batteries? I didn't see it. No question, silicon is the best anode material coated with a sulfur cathode and solid electrolyte.
I remember seeing a TV programme I think based in Manchester UK where they were "experimenting" with Graphene. Which at the time the power could not be turned off. I knew then this was going to be an amazing product.
I know we have to start somewhere, but seeing the gap between the "24 times more efficient" hype and the "15% lighter" reality is still kinda underwhelming...
The fact that silicone and graphine can't be embargoed or blockaded during a war is a huge part of this logic. In the short term, and possibly medium term depending on who wins today's election, our dependance on Chinese rare earth metals in a potential war against China is going to suck for the military. That's why it's very controversial when defense directors get caught importing components, because their almost always importing from China.
We have more than an adequate lithium deposits here in the US to keep the US supplied with Li for a couple hundred years, but it is near impossible to mine it with the Feds not allowing it.
@@Tempestan not exploiting US oil and gas empowers Russia and Middle Eastern theocracies. Not exploiting US lithium deposits empowers China. As far as environmentalists or climate change people are concerned, US with stricter environment regulations should be able to do it cleaner than China and Russia pound for pound, and climate is a global problem. There are 2 active wars we are paying for, one of them enabled by EU dependence on Russia's oil and gas. I don't like how US energy independence got sidelined by misguided climate activists which leads to an even bigger problem than they are fixating on and might end mankind sooner, nuclear war.
@@Tempestan That is because mining lithium is terrible for the environment and the people that live there. Ways need to be found that mine it in a sustainable that isn't literally poisoning children. Pesky guberment and their, lemme see, desire to protect the environment and people from corporations that would probably murder their own mothers for profit much less a bunch of poor people they don't know.
@@electric_boogaloo496 We ARE exploiting US oil and gas. Starting just a couple years ago (2022 iirc) the US now produces more oil than we use, and sells the rest overseas. And we produce way more natural gas than we use here. (Germany, for instance now imports US natural gas instead of buying from Russia) iirc, the only oil the US still imports now is from Canada, because the existing pipelines save a lot on transportation costs. (edited for punctuation)
@@thomasostrander4835 we already had achieved net exporter status in 2017 and 2019 and the momentum was strong. There have been setbacks to that momentum from external factors like COVID tanking the global demand for oil and gas temporarily and internal factors like cancellation of Keystone XL pipeline and the "keep it in the ground" message and guiding principles the current administration was running on. We could have supplied EU much sooner and make sanctions on Russia hurt even more maybe even preventing the war. Anyways, better late than never I guess.
In the early 1990's I was specifying a form of lead acid cells for military man portable radios we were designing. This is light years ahead of what was available then. Nice video.
“Soon” is a relative term. Even if the Pentagon was ordering them today, usually anything bought by the military/government usually takes awhile to arrive in consumer markets usually because of economies of scale.
Ive been talking about battery powered Tanks for years, its already possible with modern tech but this makes it even easier. Batteries can provide more torque instantaneously and waste much less energy idling which really limits tanks through excessive fuel consumption just sitting around.
More importantly battery powered tanks are quieter than the diesel counterparts. They can practically go stealth without making much noise. I can see one of the reasons why the military is looking into this.
@@Darkk6969 With thermal imaging being standard on weapon platforms and with today's increased stand off distances, noise isn't nearly as important as heat signature. With a lack of engine and exhaust, heat signatures would be drastically reduced.
@Darkk6969 yup, i heard one of the reasons the US went with a turbine engine for the Abrams instead of diesel, the high winding noise from the turbin is very loud up close but dissipates quickly over a long distance while the low humm of a diesel engine travels further. Obviously with battery, the loudest thing will be the cooling fans.
@Domarnett funny enough i have a 4 of their 3,000 RPM fans tied to my CPU temperature. Its louder than a fridge on idle and as loud as my vacuum at full usage.
@@AdamantLightLP Really? Can you shoot me a citation? Because, "begging the question" is a term in rhetoric; it does _not_ mean, "begs to have the question asked". It's a phrase that is used incorrectly a lot, and I assume, like ". . . proof is in the pudding" that eventually enough people will use it incorrectly that it'll become correct. But not today, AFAIK.
Great video. Nicely done. This will provide hope for a better future for all of us. Fingers crossed that we get to a point where graphene can be mass produced at a reasonable cost.
Slight complaint: at 6:56 you claim that more lanes help traffic, while this isn't the case in real world car infrastructure. It's a common misconception but it's important to recognize!
More lanes do help move an equivalent number of vehicles faster -- so 5 lanes will move 100,000 cars more quickly than 4 lanes. The issue in traffic is that more lanes also attract more traffic, so when you increase from 4 lanes to 5 you could still move 100,000 cars more quickly, but now you've got 150,000 cars so you end up losing. Fortunately, electrons in a battery don't work that way...
Yep, agreed :D it was surprisingly good! If I didn't understand English it would have allowed me to watch the video anyways. But because I do understand english, I had to watch in an english-language incognito tab
@@gromotion933 FF on a PC here. I assume it's combo of my VPN, ublock, and Matt's available language options. YT is always chasing the eyes for ads, and I never see any ads, so having to manually change the language is fine, but this vid was the first one where that'd happened, so for me, it's noteworthy.
We’ve tabled pushing out some of the languages based on your feedback like this. Until UA-cam allows people to set their language preference by channel, we’re slowing down our use of the dubs.
@@TheRealPhilG you are not alone Phil. 🤣 Image pops in at least three times. Someone sending a message 🤔. I'm thinking, no way I would use a glass one. Anxiety inducing. 😐
The big question is are those batteries as prone to fire as lithium? Right now, a Tesla is a fender bender gets totaled by insurance because of the fire risk. This is a major issue for most buyers. It also impacts resale value.
1:29 .. I'm so old that?? ... When I was a soldier we used to use the two chest pockets for extra ammo .. when they were designated as "for storing personal items only" .. OH!!! and the ammow was 7.62 by 51N .. not the 22 caliber pea shooters they use now!! :) And the only batteries we carried were for AM radios from Radio Shack! To check the time ... local weather .. and local events!
The part that I'm most excited about is the prospect of having standard batteries again instead of each device needing a different one with it's own integrated charger, or dedicated charger.
One thing i didn't catch in the video was if there is a benefit to the operational temperature range of the battery. During my sevice extreme heat and cold greatly affected the use of battery powered tech.
Knowing how many cool stuff came out of the military, I'm not surprise that this type of battery would be very popular in the civilian market after a decade or so.
The statement of graphene being expensive to manufacture is actually only half the story. I remember actually speaking with some scientists experienced in graphene and a common thread I found is that they all make their graphene on site before use. Not because they can't buy it from a manufacturer or that it's too expensive, but because the physical, thermal or chemical properties do not match what they wanted or it turned out that the product was actually just really fluffy graphite. The truth is, there is no quality control process for graphene nor a way to fully determine the size and thickness of a graphene sheet without an overexpensive microscope that can see at the atomic level. It is also worth noting that this criticism focuses on graphene made from graphite or materials with large compositions or "top down" methods. Bottom up methods that make graphene from carbon containing gases like methane or acetylene use really expensive CVD machines that absolutely fall under the videos criticisms. I imagine Nanograf are making all their graphene on site before battery production.
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Why you block me on X
I think solid state batteries are likely a better option at this point. There are several companies already building test production facilities or producing test batteries. SSB's are lighter and have a higher w/l energy density than even SOG batteries.
between 5 to 10 years if it delivers on expectations. I am more interested in its capacity for thermal runaway and catastrophic events. I've seen an 8 pound lithium battery for a Marine Radio blow....well.... I saw the Sargent in charge of the Battery Locker fly through the door, taking the door, and about 50 feet across the field where the Battery Locker was at. Made me happy to be in charge of the Aircraft NiCad Battery Locker. Thermal Run Away? easy to deal with. Lead Acid (not me, AS2 had that one) never had an issue. 20 years working Aircraft only saw one NiCad Battery go in thermal runaway.... saw a few Lithium Batteries pop...but, Navy gotta expect that.
You are right this will eventually get in the hands of civilians which is a good thing. But if they already have them in the equipment testing phases, That's a pretty big deal.
It wont even make it to the military 😂
There is no such thing as a "light" kit for a soldier. Every time a soldier's base gear gets lighter the Army immediately says "Oh fantastic! Now you can carry even MORE crap!"
@@skaboodlydoodle former 11B1P and I can confirm this is a true statement, unfortunately.
Can confirm.
I've never been in the military, but what I've heard from people who have been in the military, this sounds right.
The soldier normal kit today weigh more than a medieval full body armor made of steel.
@@2012Viking
I bet given the choice you'd prefer a larger fraction of those kilos to be ammo made possible from that smaller fraction of batteries!
Unless you can throw REALLY hard!
...
Hey that's an idea, give military lithium batteries a "press here to explode" button, turning them into makeshift incendiary and gas weapons, specifically:
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydrogen
Carbon monoxide
Methane
Carbon dioxide
Ethylene
Phosphorus pentafluoride
Phosphoryl fluoride
Bit _warcrimey_ but you can just say it's a natural part of battery fires! 😂
Graphen can do everything, except leaving the lab
Just you wait untill it grows up and learns to walk.. he'll show you who can and can't leave the lab 😢
Did graphene get publicly canned by the government?
Lol for real.
True,
Graphene the next fusion power. 10 years out since a life time ago.
I still remember when I was in the military and they were using this high tech battery that the public had never heard of. Compared with batteries sold to civilians these batteries just jaw dropping with the power they had and the length of time they could run before their life cycle ended. What were these batteries? Alkaline. Before long they were allowed on store shelves for everyone to buy.
@@coffeeisgood102 my grandfather always mentioned the advantage of the army having GPS when he was a in WW2. apparently even back then the position was with in inches.
@@RusticRonnie GPS before satellites?
@@YodielandInhabitant710 Yep! They used radio towers to triangulate! Of course that meant a much smaller effective range, but it let them have a working "GPS" (not exactly Global) for wartime.
@fgvcosmic6752 ah that explains it, was just confused by the term "global" there.
@@fgvcosmic6752the GPS project only started in 1973 with the first satellite launched in 1978. This was in response to limitations of the OMEGA navigation system, which became operational in 1971 and was the first worldwide radio navigation system. The technology used during WWII were hyperbolic radio navigation systems. The first system was developed by the British and called GEE, but later they deployed the Decca Navigator System, which was vital to the D-day landings. While the US used a system called LORAN, which was similar to the British GEE
Before even starting the full video (past the introduction), comm gear is HEAVY. The battery packs weigh so much, so being able to cut down the size/weight of the batteries for the radio packs is going to be a game changer in the field.
Keep dreaming.
Everytime they find weight to shave with one thing they load you with more of something else.
Even if it is just more batteries, ammo, or food!
@@dianapennepacker6854 Since the Roman period to now it all even's out between wars.
@@dianapennepacker6854 Yeah, poor American military have to carry the hottest stuff around all day.😂
I disagree, the Army will always load you up to your max weight either way. Less battery and more rounds,ECM or what ever
All that is gonna do is make it so you carry 1/3 more battery power than now along with the extra room going to more supplies for a longer mission time.
Genuine question: When people say things like, “..even at just 1 atom thick, it’s 200x stronger than steel.” Is that comparison with a hypothetical 1 atom thick sheet of steel? Hypothetical because there is no steel atom. It seems like a tricky comparison and I’m genuinely curious at how they make it.
By weight, probably.
That's usually based on tensile strength per mass, so it's a very strong rope. Steel will compare much better in compression strength.
@@animistchannel compression-resisting part of reinforced concrete is concrete, not steel
we cannot produce sheets of graphene in any kind of size that would make use of its properties.
@@SergePavlovsky I'm pretty sure a block of steel will still hold up to getting hit with a big hammer (or smashed in a forge press) better than a block of graphene would (if you could even make a block of graphene to test).
Makes me wonder if block graphene would be brittle or spongy... current "carbon fiber" fabrics are fairly pliable, but not sure how that would translate to a 3-D crystalline matrix. Or would that basically be diamond?
One thing for sure. It's gonna be a few years before we get a UA-cam video where they make that test :)
This is exactly the reason why I sometimes make Gulash. It is much easier to make compared to graphene and it is cheaper and tastes very good.
@@stefanweilhartner4415 so funny. I’m actually eating goulash for dinner right now. First time I’ve had it in years.. Lol
Makes sense
2.00
Some 1st Lieutenant out there: "Since these new batteries are lighter than the old ones, it means you can carry more of them with you."
Always happens with new and lighter items = more items to drag with you.
There's no such thing as a military tech made to "lighten the load" only to "fit more into the load" 😆
@@SollowP if you had a choice between two magazines or carrying a battery. I think it could be a game changer. I'll let somebody else carry the extra battery and I'll carry his extra magazines
@@willfriar8054 until we get battery powered guns that is...
@@coachpotato7353 actually night vision equipment and a lot of stuff really needs batteries. it's important to keep electric that's rechargeable.
15 million, even 45 million is not a lot of investment into batteries.
Says who ?
@@Gcanno says me
I was about to say the same.
No onee else is investing that much, it's a push in the right direction
@sirsanti8408 nobody else is investing in batteries? Toyota was reported to invest 13.5 BILLION in solid state battery tech in 2021
1:12 Nice to see a flared base on the "lab equipment"
Safety first at NanoGraf!
It's probably a prototype waiting to be plugged in.
9:59 I noticed it much later. I think it's used to "dilate" the carbon to get it ready for use. It's all very technical.
Just a special tool to make sure it's inserted fully and non-destructively while maximizing volume.
😂😂😂😂😂
It's to get you ready for when they shove the cathode in your anode to charge you up!
5:37 Little clarification - SEI layers form on battery anodes due to decomposition of the electrolyte or additives therein. This is true for both graphite and silicon anodes. The formation of SEI is mostly considered to be beneficial because it creates a stable, electrically insulating layer which allows Li+ ions to pass through, but prevents the electrolyte decomposing further. It does increase resistance, but the battery wouldn't last more than a handful of cycles without it.
That Nanograf logo is exactly the same as the old 90's Sony Walkman logo, minus one blob.
Maybe that’s an inside hint?
Missing the blob and it's upside down, but I thought of the walkman logo as soon as I saw it.
Don't wake up the patent trolls...
I'm sure the conspiracy theorists will be on here soon.
I wondered why it looked so familiar!
For Flint, MI, it's great to see a company bring some new tech and jobs to that area. That city definitely needs it.
Too bad they haven't fixed the tainted water yet...
Graphene is one of the best water purification products. Is Flint just a coincidence?
@@hermaeusmora2945 never will
@@aussie2uGA I was going to make a similar comment. Brilliant minds think alike.
It's actually scary. It's super dangerous if any accidents happen. It also can destroy air quality and best of all can contaminate water! That's the last thing Flint needs. Possibly why they chose that spot
1:14 Why are they always putting this stuff in butt plug shaped glasses
to have some fun from everyday work
To relax.
For smuggling out of secure facilities?
😂😂😂 Good one! 🤣🤣🤣
I shot coffee out of my nose when it popped up on my screen
Another big benefit not mentioned in the video is cold weather performance. The military is putting a lot of money into the Arctic so having batteries that can perform in the cold is important.
Building a domestic supply chain for batteries is huge.
It is like building any supply chain
The supply chain is never the issue, the space to put it all together is more important and how you design and manage it
@@shazzz_land no, not really, we have a huge amount of free space here in the US, it's just more expensive to run something like this domestically.
@darkfur18 expensive is one thing, hard is another
@@shazzz_land bog standard batteries are easy to make, that's why Chinese sweatshops can pump them out with minimal quality control
"20% more range and 50% more playback"
what does that even mean, in the context of a battery? that sounds like marketing speek
It is.
Watt/hours per gram per $ is all the info needed.
@@MrWackozacko exactly
@@MrWackozacko Nominal WH is just that, nominal. Capacity of a battery is dependant on the draw rate. The fact they mention playback at a much higher rate means these are more efficient at low power operation than at high draw.
@@deadoon Watt/hours at what C rating per gram per $ is all the info needed.
I really like how you balance a cautious tone with the potential good news. In the case of SOG battery technology, you balanced the proprietary secrecy against what appears to be a company filling large orders of actual product. That makes sense to me. Well-done video!
Matt, this is an excellent video, and gives me more hope for next gen batteries than most of the press releases that come out about battery advances.
Also, glad to see you implemented my suggestion about the Technology Readiness Level! Super cool!
👍 the TRL was a great suggestion. We’re trying to use that going forward. Really helps put things in context.
@@UndecidedMF Absolutely agree! It's a good addition to the already exceedingly high quality content that you and your team put together!
fake voice...
Carrying a Ericsson radio from 1990 and a G3 Rifle in the swedish homeguard (not to mention the extra body weight that comes with seniority) I think it all sounds like a good idea. We need to make everything more light weight.
Making each piece of gear lighter merely means you get to carry more gear. Strap-on that carbon fiber exoskeleton for support and pray the energy density of batteries improves to the point where robots can relieve you of your duties.
Try humping an old PRC series.
That's why the kid always gets to be the RTO
@@Chris.Brissonwell actually no, the amount of gear you carry is actually calculated. Its not just bring more, they way the losses over benefits. They actually want you fairly light weight
6:47 „If you want to get the most cars […] from point A to point B, it helps if there‘s a lot of lanes“ not the best analogy here
How is it not?
@@cxsey8587 induced demand
The needs of the military has historically created devices and technology that in time the general public benefits from later. Nice to see a product produced at home and not dependent on foreign countries to supply.
If only we weren't beholden to the military for such advancements - especially since they're using *our* tax dollars anyway ...
As the old joke goes, "Graphene can do everything except get it out of the laboratory". Well, getting graphene into the military I suppose is one way to get it out of the lab, so naturally, I have to wonder how long we've actually been using graphene-based tech
@@3nertia Relying on the military for advancement is often far more beneficial rather than on the civilian market as they'll often end up as open source technologies instead of being copyrighted by a company or individuals when on the civilian sector anyway. Much like the Internet, which was originally conceived as a military project that ended up on the civilian sector.
@@dannyzero692 Thank you for missing my point about a flawed system 🙃
@@dannyzero692 That was back in the day when the primary source for Military advancement were college students and in house R&D. These days a lot of what we hear about in terms of military development is contracted. Which isn't surprising given that post 9/11 government corruption skyrocketed. It'll take a huge public effort to restore open source and public domain to what it was. Unfortunately the political will among every day people for that goal just isn't there. Despite the fact that fixing copyright and patent standards would save Americans billions while also improving economic mobility.
10:00 butt plug. called it!
What does the discharge curve look like? How the voltage drops over time is very important. We don't want a slow linear drop.
Notice that Nanograf mentions nothing about safety and resistance to thermal runaway on their website. If it was safer that would be in the headline advantage list.
That's what R&D is for.
@@ferrumignis It's not al alkali metal... so should be better.
What do you mean? Of course we want a slow linear voltage drop. The slower the voltage drops the more area under the curve so more energy . Also make for more predictable performance across SoC.
@@ferrumignis This guy complaining about hypothetical thermal runaways when the most common batteries these days, Lithium based, will ignite when exposed to air or even if built poorly like chinese ones. They're literally tiny little incendiary devices!
The military wanted 18650 that could hold a minimum of 4 amp hours. So these guys delivered exactly that. But the price isn't ever coming down on sog. It's a military contract.
I will wait till it shows up on aliexpress
I'll wait until everyone has been using them for a few years. Then I'll buy just one and see how it goes. If it works well for a couple of years then maybe I'll buy another.
I wouldn't trust chinese batteries.
@@ghoulbuster1 You already are - most batteries are made in china whether you like it or not. China has some of the most advanced battery factories on the planet. The rest of the world needs to wake up, and catch up.
@@JPEight Nah, I'll stick with Eneloop made in Japan, Although you got to be careful as even they have some of their line made in China now.
🤣 for a dollar each one
"you're most definitely watching a device powered by it"
There's no lithium ion batteries in my mower-sized desktop
You might have a coin cell battery powering your internal clock 😉
...That being said, I know what you meant.
You have a CMOS battery in your mother board.
If you ever have a power surge and your computer won't start after, pulling that battery out could get it started again,
That's what i was thinking. Though old Tube CRT TV's had HUGE capacitors so you could get the screen on quickly (as in not taking 5 minutes)... maybe one of those is what he means... (I'm being sarcastic btw)
Whether or not this system trickles down, I just appreciate that this shows there are people working to find better systems.
$15 mil from the US war machine is nothing but a tiny test.
Tell that to a Hydrogen Bomb(
@@dufung3980 that's around 300 million in today's dollars
Having been in the Army back in the 80s, I can testify to the battery problem. Even back then, when we were still using alkaline cells, getting the battery you need for the device you had could be a problem. Picture a D cell battery that is only 1/3 as tall but the same diameter. That's what my driver's night vision scope used on the M60A3 tank. That battery was something you'd need if the vehicle powered plug got damaged, which could be frequent. You wouldn't be running down to Radio Shack for one of those batteries, nor many others that the army used, even back then.
That this tech is going to be produced at scale in a commonly used form-factor, I'm going to keep my eyes open for them soon. I've got a few gadgets that use those 18650 cells, so a market already exists if they can make the price economical.
The future facing tech of this channel always helps make me feel a little better. And boy was it needed this week...
A US university and start-up research lab have developed an inexpensive process to make graphene from coal. They received funding to further develop that for producing graphene on an industrial scale.
Manufacturing our own stuff is always the way to go.
Great video!
cant wait for marines to start calling their battery packs "Soggies"
And they're going be in units called biscuits 😂
@@searchingfortruth619 Considering guns are already referred to as biscuits in slang, and guns with electronics in them aren't far off...
@@mrtempertantrum just so you know gun enthusiasts and people who have to rely on them are extremely reluctant on electronics inhibiting the functionality of the gun.
its the reason we've had finger print scanners for door locks for like 30 years but have never until very recently put it in a gun despite having the technology. and the one gun that is using such a fingerprint scanner is only meant to be a nightstand gun, because no on duty officer or soldier would trust it.
10:40 hey you forgot one of the military’s most notable inventions! The one that’s allowing us to see this video in the first place, the internet!
0:25 no. It will definitely be used in aircraft. Just not as the main source of power.
@@ericwheelhouse4371 hes saying the contract specifically is for stubs
I was surprised that you didn’t provide any estimates on energy density and cycle life. These are the standards that show us how game changing this technology is.
This video doesn't mean anything until actual batteries exist with an NSN one can order from Supply. All these battery stories are really clickbait because NONE of the info in them is useful.
I don't know. I didn't hear any specifics on energy density, capacity. And very little about cycle rate other than maybe a ten fold increase in charge speed, but no real numbers. What is the environmental impact of the process? Does it require the handling of hazardous materials? What waste is produced? There's a million questions not answered. How am I expected to give an informed opinion without information?
It's about time, I've been hearing Silicon-Graphene Batteries since 2007.
I've heard about battery breakthroughs in videos for 10+ years as well. Yeah not getting excited until i see a working product.
NGL, having my phone charge(10-80%) in 2 minutes instead of 20minutes would be pretty sweet, not to mention lasting 15% longer too 🤔
If it is scalable, it might make EV's viable in the long term.
@@An_Attemptfor a lot, dare I say most people it’s already completely feasible. At least as the second car in a household. It’s just too expensive for what it is.
@@An_Attempt As an option for a quick grocery getter.
Not ever as a replacement.
Swappable batteries seems like a much easier solution for "fast" charging.
@@MorbidEel but then how will phone companies sell you $60 magnetic chargers and a new phone every 3 years?
8:44 Science confirms: cats are almost liquid
Amazing video, Graphene will "change the world!" I think Graphene will eventually be used for so many items including batteries, how about Salt Water/Fresh water conversion or a space elevator? Replace our existing electrical power grid with super conductor graphene an get rid of those ugly above ground power lines.
We are so far away from space elevators that it's not even worth thinking about. Sure "it's 200x stronger than steel" but if we can only manufacture chunks of it at microscopic scales then it's useless for anything mechanical.
These days battery makers generally do not want to prevent SEI formation. Instead they want to leverage it to the benefit of the battery.
SEI formation is used on-purpose in numerous lithium battery types, most especially LiFePO4 (LFP), to vastly increase the cycle life of the battery. It provides structural integrity to (mostly) the anode by protecting it from other unwanted chemical reactions, while still letting ions through.
-Matt
11:40 Surprised you didn't mention the Internet, since that started from ARPANET.
Literally showed a graph of the original ARPANET while he was saying it. 😂
Trickle down is inevitable, but how fast depends on whether the cost to produce ever gets competitive with the preexisting alternatives. Transparent aluminum was supposed to replace phone screens and car windows 20 years ago and there is exactly one model of anything (on the consumer market) that uses it yet and that's a luxury item. Improvements in production cost there have obviously been slow to non-existent.
Buckle up Matt. Pothole season in MA just officially opened.
your new(ish) intro is so much better and suits your channel so much more
@UndecidedMF91 man what
I can't remember their name, but there's a company in Australia making pure graphene from CH4 (methane / natural gas) in huge volumes.
Do you know anything about the process itself?
@@3nertia I don't, but their original intent was to use it to strengthen concrete, so they were able to produce Significant volumes. They're using a process developed & patented by the University of Queensland (corrected...). Their intent was to develop aluminum graphene batteries.
Found them - Graphene Manufacturing Group.
It's a shame the process is proprietary heh
@@3nertia It involves a huge voltage in a vacuum. Tech Ingredients channel did it and it is quite dangerous but they explain the entire process.
I'm thankful this channel exists, because it's hard to cut through the graphene hype and figure out what's actually production viable, and what's just marketing hype from a research lab. Seeing the actual practical applications of graphene is a pretty good indicator of where the technology will be in 10 years.
Some positive criticism.....Maybe I missed it....I didn't hear any info about the performance of the batteries or how they perform in comparison to existing lithium ion batteries. I really wish all videos on this channel would start out with a graphic showing the performance characteristics of a given product in comparison with existing tech....THEN explain how it was accomplished. Otherwise viewers spend 15min wondering why they should care.
I love your new intros so much better than the dated one. Not perfect, but much better
1:13 Rule34
Good. I'm not the only one seeing it.
When the test sample needs to be kept at exactly 98.6 degrees
It’s for vibrating the small particulate to the bottom… it’s also for vibrating the bottom…
Something, something Duracell bunny.
What is it actually for? Or is this an ai that's been trained on an interesting selection of videos
Who’s absorbing all that energy?
1:13 tell me the gov isn't making those kind of plugs... Those are huuuuge!
Are these rechargable?
I'd be all for it if they have as long a shelf-life as CR123 batteries. After going through 8 days without electricity after Helene passed through, I'm more sold than ever on the benefits of CR123 batteries as those were the only ones that were of any use in all my gear here. Everything running on normal batteries was dead either from the batteries running out of juice or just busting open and corroding everything. Only my Surefire light was working. And my oil lamps. So a lighter battery that lasts longer might be great, but will it sit there for a year or more untouched... and still function when you need it? If so, count me in.
We have been using Graphene batteries for many years in the RC world.
They are much safer then the lithium-ion or lipo.
Thank you for your service in teaching what we all should be learning and doing an EXCELLENT JOB
if I can drop-in replace my phones battery it would be the most earth shattering thing for most everyone. hope it reaches to the hands of hardware hackers and developers
I spoke with this computer hardware engineer on a plane once and he said his friend was making pretty large graphene crystals on sheets of copper and then dissolving the copper away from the graphene 🤷🏼 definitely one of or the smartest individuals I've ever met, or at least the conversation that was the farthest over my head
1:04 saying the military can absorb the cost as if its not our taxes
Military has a long history of paying for commercialization of technology, refrigeration and velcro to name a couple.
@@herrosix3816also, GPS
GPS
Touchscreen, superglue, countless medical technologies.
@Pattyfin6985 Yes, paid for, with tax dollars
Good stuff Matt, always enjoy your insight into tech. How different is their battery’s performance vs. Amprius’s silicon lithium batteries?
0:30 are those usb-c connectors?
100% Good spot
Maybe we'll finally get to see 48v 240w charging!
It's good to see some progress being made on this tech and not just hearing about it's efficiency
What's the Wh/kg. on these batteries? I didn't see it. No question, silicon is the best anode material coated with a sulfur cathode and solid electrolyte.
wh/kg at what $ is really the only information we need, and also is the only information nobody seems to know
I remember seeing a TV programme I think based in Manchester UK where they were "experimenting" with Graphene. Which at the time the power could not be turned off. I knew then this was going to be an amazing product.
I've been told we would have graphene tech for years and it's still not here so I'll believe it when I see it
Respect on the multiple languages on your videos
I know we have to start somewhere, but seeing the gap between the "24 times more efficient" hype and the "15% lighter" reality is still kinda underwhelming...
Yes, the Massachusetts traffic does suck haha great video and cant wait to see when this actually hits the market!
The fact that silicone and graphine can't be embargoed or blockaded during a war is a huge part of this logic.
In the short term, and possibly medium term depending on who wins today's election, our dependance on Chinese rare earth metals in a potential war against China is going to suck for the military. That's why it's very controversial when defense directors get caught importing components, because their almost always importing from China.
We have more than an adequate lithium deposits here in the US to keep the US supplied with Li for a couple hundred years, but it is near impossible to mine it with the Feds not allowing it.
@@Tempestan not exploiting US oil and gas empowers Russia and Middle Eastern theocracies. Not exploiting US lithium deposits empowers China. As far as environmentalists or climate change people are concerned, US with stricter environment regulations should be able to do it cleaner than China and Russia pound for pound, and climate is a global problem. There are 2 active wars we are paying for, one of them enabled by EU dependence on Russia's oil and gas. I don't like how US energy independence got sidelined by misguided climate activists which leads to an even bigger problem than they are fixating on and might end mankind sooner, nuclear war.
@@Tempestan That is because mining lithium is terrible for the environment and the people that live there. Ways need to be found that mine it in a sustainable that isn't literally poisoning children. Pesky guberment and their, lemme see, desire to protect the environment and people from corporations that would probably murder their own mothers for profit much less a bunch of poor people they don't know.
@@electric_boogaloo496 We ARE exploiting US oil and gas.
Starting just a couple years ago (2022 iirc) the US now produces more oil than we use, and sells the rest overseas.
And we produce way more natural gas than we use here. (Germany, for instance now imports US natural gas instead of buying from Russia)
iirc, the only oil the US still imports now is from Canada, because the existing pipelines save a lot on transportation costs.
(edited for punctuation)
@@thomasostrander4835 we already had achieved net exporter status in 2017 and 2019 and the momentum was strong. There have been setbacks to that momentum from external factors like COVID tanking the global demand for oil and gas temporarily and internal factors like cancellation of Keystone XL pipeline and the "keep it in the ground" message and guiding principles the current administration was running on. We could have supplied EU much sooner and make sanctions on Russia hurt even more maybe even preventing the war. Anyways, better late than never I guess.
In the early 1990's I was specifying a form of lead acid cells for military man portable radios we were designing. This is light years ahead of what was available then. Nice video.
That is a very suspicious cone shaped vessel to hold material at 1:14 . At least it has a flared base.
“Soon” is a relative term. Even if the Pentagon was ordering them today, usually anything bought by the military/government usually takes awhile to arrive in consumer markets usually because of economies of scale.
3:28 Smooth..
@@88njtrigg88 LOL I had to double back too 😂. I thought my ears heard something 🤣
I'm glad it just wasn't me that heard that...
15 million from the DOD isn’t CHICKEN FEED, it’s WORM 🪱 FOOD, the SMALLEST funding they can do is probably 15 million !
Ive been talking about battery powered Tanks for years, its already possible with modern tech but this makes it even easier. Batteries can provide more torque instantaneously and waste much less energy idling which really limits tanks through excessive fuel consumption just sitting around.
More importantly battery powered tanks are quieter than the diesel counterparts. They can practically go stealth without making much noise. I can see one of the reasons why the military is looking into this.
@@Darkk6969 With thermal imaging being standard on weapon platforms and with today's increased stand off distances, noise isn't nearly as important as heat signature. With a lack of engine and exhaust, heat signatures would be drastically reduced.
@Darkk6969 yup, i heard one of the reasons the US went with a turbine engine for the Abrams instead of diesel, the high winding noise from the turbin is very loud up close but dissipates quickly over a long distance while the low humm of a diesel engine travels further. Obviously with battery, the loudest thing will be the cooling fans.
@@odisy64Noctua for the win!
@Domarnett funny enough i have a 4 of their 3,000 RPM fans tied to my CPU temperature. Its louder than a fridge on idle and as loud as my vacuum at full usage.
Somebody let me know when Nanograf goes public. Might need to buy a few shares.
"The proof of the pudding is in the eating."
Also, "raises the question", not "begs the question".
@@alsavage1 begs the question is also a saying.
@@AdamantLightLP Really? Can you shoot me a citation? Because, "begging the question" is a term in rhetoric; it does _not_ mean, "begs to have the question asked". It's a phrase that is used incorrectly a lot, and I assume, like ". . . proof is in the pudding" that eventually enough people will use it incorrectly that it'll become correct. But not today, AFAIK.
Great video. Nicely done. This will provide hope for a better future for all of us. Fingers crossed that we get to a point where graphene can be mass produced at a reasonable cost.
Slight complaint: at 6:56 you claim that more lanes help traffic, while this isn't the case in real world car infrastructure. It's a common misconception but it's important to recognize!
More lanes do help move an equivalent number of vehicles faster -- so 5 lanes will move 100,000 cars more quickly than 4 lanes. The issue in traffic is that more lanes also attract more traffic, so when you increase from 4 lanes to 5 you could still move 100,000 cars more quickly, but now you've got 150,000 cars so you end up losing.
Fortunately, electrons in a battery don't work that way...
@@kevinamery5922 A better comparison would be a river.
More lanes which can't be left would help traffic. Traffic is mostly disturbed by swerving.
Automotive traffic requires rules, collision avoidance, and safety. In batteries, engineering and nature handle those things automatically.
You can lead a car into traffic, but you can't teach it how to drive.
Safety is number one priority which Lithium ion battery always lacks
2:30 - 15% lighter and 15% longer works out to about a 35% improvement in energy:weight ratio. That's quite significant!
Thank you for the commentary.
Thank god its in English again and not a German AI Voice.
Yep, agreed :D it was surprisingly good! If I didn't understand English it would have allowed me to watch the video anyways. But because I do understand english, I had to watch in an english-language incognito tab
Hmmm. Mine came up configured for Spanish; that's new to me. I was able to change it, but . . . odd.
@alsavage1 depends on the app. I watched on firefox android smartphone app an I could not change it.
On my Laptop it is no problem to change.
@@gromotion933 FF on a PC here. I assume it's combo of my VPN, ublock, and Matt's available language options. YT is always chasing the eyes for ads, and I never see any ads, so having to manually change the language is fine, but this vid was the first one where that'd happened, so for me, it's noteworthy.
We’ve tabled pushing out some of the languages based on your feedback like this. Until UA-cam allows people to set their language preference by channel, we’re slowing down our use of the dubs.
Matt Ty so much for you research dude your killing it
10:01 my mind is too immature for this channel
I was about to ask… What’s up with that “Christmas tree” shaped ampoule? Why that particular shape?
@@TheRealPhilG you are not alone Phil. 🤣 Image pops in at least three times. Someone sending a message 🤔. I'm thinking, no way I would use a glass one. Anxiety inducing. 😐
butt glass, sorry, I mean - but glass is often used in labs.
You and me too😔
The big question is are those batteries as prone to fire as lithium? Right now, a Tesla is a fender bender gets totaled by insurance because of the fire risk. This is a major issue for most buyers. It also impacts resale value.
Lasers and magnetic railguns.
This is Ian's Graphine Dream!!
1:22 sir, because drones turned a war upside down on formerly major adversary. The drones are the reason, not a question really
"If you live in Massachusetts, you know what I'm talking about." -- Oh yeah, I get it.
Graphene Manufacturing Group has a really cheap and scaleable merhod of producing graphene
Thank you. This process looks good. Hopefully it will be allowed to develop. Jim Bell (Australia)
1:29 .. I'm so old that?? ... When I was a soldier we used to use the two chest pockets for extra ammo .. when they were designated as "for storing personal items only" ..
OH!!! and the ammow was 7.62 by 51N .. not the 22 caliber pea shooters they use now!! :)
And the only batteries we carried were for AM radios from Radio Shack! To check the time ... local weather .. and local events!
The part that I'm most excited about is the prospect of having standard batteries again instead of each device needing a different one with it's own integrated charger, or dedicated charger.
One thing i didn't catch in the video was if there is a benefit to the operational temperature range of the battery. During my sevice extreme heat and cold greatly affected the use of battery powered tech.
Knowing how many cool stuff came out of the military, I'm not surprise that this type of battery would be very popular in the civilian market after a decade or so.
Why is there a huge butt plug in Northwestern University's lab? 1:13
The statement of graphene being expensive to manufacture is actually only half the story. I remember actually speaking with some scientists experienced in graphene and a common thread I found is that they all make their graphene on site before use. Not because they can't buy it from a manufacturer or that it's too expensive, but because the physical, thermal or chemical properties do not match what they wanted or it turned out that the product was actually just really fluffy graphite.
The truth is, there is no quality control process for graphene nor a way to fully determine the size and thickness of a graphene sheet without an overexpensive microscope that can see at the atomic level.
It is also worth noting that this criticism focuses on graphene made from graphite or materials with large compositions or "top down" methods. Bottom up methods that make graphene from carbon containing gases like methane or acetylene use really expensive CVD machines that absolutely fall under the videos criticisms. I imagine Nanograf are making all their graphene on site before battery production.
This is the most political thing I'm watching today. Thanks for the science reprieve from news.