Hi Everyone! I hope you enjoy this presentation of the cold and cool deserts - some of the most remote and forbidding lands on Earth. If you have experienced these climates, then I'd love to hear from you!
The Tarim, Junggar Basins of China are cold desert climates indeed. No wonder they have deserts! But I heard a drier climate is taking hold in North China esp around Beijing, now its BSk instead of Dwa
@@Geodiode Hi, again. After I stumbled upon your Sweden part I forgot about it until I saw your comment earlier today. I’m going through this from the beginning. Wonderful views and in deed very informative. Great work! Sharing with my friends from US to NZ, waiting for comments later on.
Man you help so much with clearing up stuff that i have learned on geography class. The quality and effort put into these videos are remarkable. Thank you so much! Sending love from Hungary :)
I was born in The Netherlands. Oceanic climate. I remember cold and wet. My parents and I moved to Salt Lake City Utah when I was 5 years old. I remember hot summers. Also rain. Fall was very pleasant. Winter was kinda cold. Daytime temperatures above freezing. Below freezing at night. I moved to Portland Oregon when I was 24. Sort of Mediterranean climate. Dry warn to hot summers. Considerable day night temperature swings. Dry for weeks or months on end from early July into October. Winters are gloomy . Lasts from mid October till April. Rains frequently. But not a lot. Temps generally above freezing . Now in in my late 60s. I'm considering moving to South America. After living in a wet climate for over 40 years, I want a dry one. Warm, not hot. Coldish winter ok. I'm considering Mendoza, Argentina. Climate is Cold Desert . Bwk. 25 cm rain a year. 100 cm where I live now.
I live in very interesting place where I transition from Hot Desert climate to Cold desert to Semi Arid and finally to Mediterranean climate in every summer of my childhood. I live in northwest of Saudi Arabia and when I Travel to Lebanon I see variance landscapes which makes the journey very enjoyable.
Another unique climate on earth, desert but very dry and even cold... Also i love to call this zone as Steppes, gives those zones mystic and ancient vibes
@@Geodiode my experience with steppes comes from my fellow country Ukraine, that was part of Lithuania in medieval time, most of its nature is steppes especially around Black sea, that i spent few holidays with my family in past.
Koppen used the mean annual temperature of 18°C to differentiate k from w, and this doesn't take seasonal variation into account. The Atacama and Patagonian deserts (as well as southern Australia) are considered cool deserts, but they don't usually have freezing weather in winter. This is because the seasonal variation is weak, and the summers aren't terribly hot either. They are oceanic deserts. In this they are very different from the Gobi, Taklamakan or Great Basin deserts.
I know that Koppen used the letter "n" to denote foggy deserts (BWhn, BWkn, etc.), but I don't like that classification because it's vague and lacks formal definition. It's much less vague to just use the "n" letter to denote oceanic deserts such that variance in average temps from hottest to coldest month is < 10C or something. San Diego would be BSn and Lima would be BWn.
Even though the northern Chilean desert and the southern Argentinean Patagonian desert have similar Köppen-Geiger climatic classification (Bwk) there are great geographical and orographic differences between them. The Chilean desert in the north has impressive ravines and coastal cliffs of almost a thousand meters, and also many coastal mountains that flow directly into the sea (Cordillera de la Costa) The desert coast of southern Argentina (Argentine Patagonia) is flat and uniform , and it is not more than 12 meters high at most in some sectors.
@@Geodiode yes definitely, arches, canyonlands, captiol reef, monument valley, and goblin valley sure make good views so I'm glad you used them, not to say that basically 85% of our state is cold desert
Baku has some Mediterranean features as well. It’s bone dry in summer and it rains occasionally in winter, which is a characteristic feature of Mediterranean climate.
Thank you GeoDiode! You've made my day for these videos! Keep it going! I wish you make more educational videos like this. I had a confusion of what is actually cold deserts? That was my confusion also about rainforests... This video is amazing!
There is also parts of British Columbia that fall under this category in the interior: parts of the Okanagan like the cities of Penticton, Osoyoos and further north to Kamloops.
In the mediterranean episode you Mention Madrid, but in this map Madrid is in the cool desert, so Madrid is a Mix of these two climates? and most parts of Spain
@@Geodiode The temperature swings here seems to be crazy. We commonly have temperature drops of up to 50 or 60 degrees F in 24 hours when winter storms push through. In early September this year it was almost 100F in Denver and within a little over a day it was snowing, in early September... Colorado Springs, south of Denver, has its own micro monsoon season during the summers. In the summer along the front range it can be raining and cloudy and within 5 minutes the sky is clear again. Also the humidity here can get very low, I've seen it hit less than 5 percent humidity quite often during dry periods. Last spring, it kept snowing until June and the temps didn't really rise above 50 until then. Lots of crazy weather here in my opinion so I'd love to see a video.
@@TheRyansLion A video on the cold-season climate of the chinook belt (West Texas north to Interior Alaska) would be interesting but beyond those who are not climatologists. The chinook belt is climatically quite unique because of the enormous temperature ranges in the winter months. Many places have ranges of over 130˚F (70˚C) in the winter months (over many years of record), which is found nowhere else in the world. In the most extreme places, monthly means in the winter months can very by over 45˚F or 25˚C. For instance, some places in Alberta and Montana that averaged above freezing in February 1931 averaged below minus 15 Fahrenheit or minus 27 Celsius in February 1936! Fairbanks, Alaska at the northern end of the chinook belt averaged minus 38˚C (minus 36˚F) in January 1971 but topped freezing on fifteen days and averaged 14˚F (minus 9˚C) in January 1981.
Great videos about the worlds climates and landscapes! They're a perfect knowledge basis for my students in school. How come, you make videos like this? Have you studied geography?
Thank you very much! And yes, you're welcome to share these videos with your students and integrate them into your teaching. I have always found geography interesting, since owning my first Atlas at age 6. But I never studied it beyond high school...
The relationship between hotness, dryness, vehicle speed, and pedestrian injuries is nuanced. Here’s a breakdown of how each factor influences these outcomes: Hotness: • Effects on Vehicle Performance: • Engine Performance: In extreme heat, engines may overheat, potentially leading to reduced performance and efficiency. However, moderate warmth can allow vehicles to perform adequately. • Tire Performance: Hot temperatures can affect tire pressure and performance, leading to potential blowouts or handling issues. • Driver Behavior: • High temperatures may lead to driver fatigue or distraction, increasing the likelihood of accidents. However, this effect can vary widely based on individual drivers and conditions. Dryness: • Road Conditions: • Traction: Dry conditions generally provide better traction for vehicles. This can lead to higher speeds since vehicles can maintain grip and control. • Visibility: Dry weather often leads to clearer visibility, allowing drivers to better assess their surroundings and react appropriately. Impact on Pedestrian Injuries: • Higher Speeds: When conditions are dry and vehicles can travel faster, the potential for pedestrian injuries increases. The higher the speed of a vehicle, the more severe the impact can be if a collision occurs. • Increased Traffic Flow: Dry conditions often lead to increased traffic flow, which can also elevate the risk of accidents involving pedestrians, especially in urban areas without adequate crosswalks or signals. Conclusion: • Dryness is a more significant factor for faster vehicle speeds because it directly improves road traction and visibility, allowing for safer higher speeds. • Hotness can indirectly affect driving behavior, but its impact on vehicle speed is less direct than that of dryness. • Both factors can contribute to pedestrian injuries, but dry conditions generally increase the likelihood of faster vehicles, which can lead to more severe accidents involving pedestrians. Therefore, while hot conditions may affect overall traffic safety, dryness has a more direct influence on speed and associated risks.
We love you so much! First time an easy to understand climate channel with all the explanations necessary! ❤️ Thank you so much for all of the information!
Yes, a desert can exist at 30°F (-1°C). Deserts are defined by their lack of precipitation, not necessarily their temperature. There are cold deserts where temperatures can drop well below freezing. Here are some key points: Cold Deserts: • Cold deserts are found in regions where temperatures are often low, especially in the winter. Examples include: • The Gobi Desert in Mongolia and northern China, where winter temperatures can drop below freezing. • The Great Basin Desert in the United States, where winter temperatures can be quite cold. • These deserts experience hot summers, but during the winter, temperatures can easily fall to 30°F or even lower, especially at night. Dryness, Not Heat: • Deserts are characterized by low precipitation, typically receiving less than 10 inches (25 cm) of rain per year. • While many people associate deserts with heat (like the Sahara or Mojave), cold deserts have very little moisture as well but are located in regions with more temperate or even frigid climates. Conclusion: A temperature of 30°F is quite common in cold deserts, particularly during the winter months. These environments are still considered deserts due to their dryness, even though they can be cold.
Gobi desert in mongolia in summer can high to 40 celsius and in winter can low to -40 celsius.Gobi desert is the most extreme places on earth with large temperature differences between summer and winter.
The highlands of Pamir (Tibet) are probably the highest, coldest and biggest of cold deserts of the planet. They surely would have deserved a few words in Your elaborations because that environment is truly unique.
Hmm, I see that Köppen maps of this region shows a seemingly sharp border between BWk and EF in these regions. Probably since the surrounding mountains focus light into the valleys, and the thin air given the extreme elevation meant that solar radiation is absorbed at ruthless efficiency, giving them one, two, or even three months of 10°C or above, resulting in a reclassification to BWk.
One city in the cool desert climate you didn't mention is Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. It has an urban area of 319,000, but a metropolitan area of 1,006,000 people.
I’m from Denver also. This year was werid. The thunderstorms we usually get in august didn’t really happen. And September saw only that one cold front. The fires were terrible this year.
7:30 - Mucho bien, Cool Desert Climate also famous about Don Quixote since his homeland La Mancha (windmills) is cool steppe. 8:34 - This place where Princess Iron Fan (Journey to The West) lived (too scorching so need a fan to cool off). 6:16 - Land that famous about Cowboy/Vanquero lores.
Most of Nevada is cool desert climate as well. The main exception is southern Nevada which is within the Mojave desert. Much of central and northern Nevada on the other hand are cool desert, part of the Great Basin Desert.
The Atacama desert is dry not because of dry trades but the marked aridity is due to desicating effect of cold peruvian current on the western margins of continent. During the summers, the ITCZ shifts upwards and hence, the region is under influence of westerlies. The westerlies get invigoured with moisture from the pacific ocean but they get cooled near the shores due to cold currents and lose moisture before reaching continent interiors. This is the reason why there is alot of fog and mist on the western coast during summers which subsequently rolls to continents and leads so meagre vegetation.
Thanks. This has had more comments than any other piece of music I've included. It's some stock music. You'll find the full version here: ua-cam.com/video/sJL8BGKcrNU/v-deo.html
Thanks for the great video, but one question : should atacama desert, especially coastal part, be considered as mild desert climate?(BWn) It is located at the latitude close enough to the equator(about 25 degrees), and it's temperature is mild year-round(like oceanic climate), unlike other cold deserts that experience cold winter(like continental climate).
Check out my video on Lima "City of Fog". In it I go into the so-called "BWn" climate (which isn't official - somebody on the internet just made it up!)
I kind of live in this climate here in Montana, but it’s disputable between humid Continental and cold semi-arid. Northwest Montana where I’m at is very lush, so it might not be considered cold semi-arid. I used to live in Colorado, and it was definitely closer to a cold desert climate.
Thanks - yes it depends upon what elevation you're at. If you look at a Koppen chart of Montana (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Montana_K%C3%B6ppen.svg) you'll see a great deal of complexity due to the Rockies. That said it's almost all Continental, with some Subarctic in the west, while the flat east is uniformly semi-arid.
I live near Denver too, and the weather is amazing! Lots of snow given the other stats (~1.5m/yr), unpredictable yet never extreme conditions (all time records are -35/41ºC), and more than 4 seasons even, a unique pattern mainly attributable to geography. And one more, proximity to mountains high enough that climate zones visible range all the way up to ET. The temperatures are indeed right on the edge of Cfa and Dfa; summers average 24ºC and winters close enough to 0ºC that even if the average year is Cfa, more years end up as Dfa. Spring peak in precipitation means that some years can get an "s" or "w" classification, and in a few rare instances consistently cool summers made the climate Cfb or Dfb instead. Out of all Köppen borderline climates, I find this kind of climate the best. The most shocking weather event I can remember is a summer polar vortex, 9/8/2020. On 9/7, the high was a blazing 37ºC, and two days later there was snow! These events usually show up in winter so I'd imagine it did considerable damage to top off such an apocalyptic year, with a devastating wildfire season and the start of COVID.
Grew up in the Southern High Plains of New Mexico. It's not horrible, but climate change is posing a massive threat to our water supply. Extreme drought and heat have depleted our wells and my town isn't part of the local water recycling program surrounding communities are a part of
90% of the footage in the video was from Utah! It was because the stock video library I use must have had a very active drone video guy submitting material to them!
There were quite a few BWk cities that you could have mentioned(granted they’re not particularly famous) -Juarez/el paso, mexico US border -mendoza, argentina -Damascus, syria -Mashhad, Iran -Isfahan, Iran -Arequipa, peru Those are the ones on the top of my mind
GeoDiode all good, you’re right about the cities not being particularly famous, although from a historical standpoint Damascus and Isfahan are somewhat significant.
Damascus is the largest BWk city in the world. Isfahan, in Iran, is the second largest. Mashhad is actually wet enough to be BSk, and almost hot enough to be BSh. The “archetypal” cool arid climates, however, occur really only in Central Asia and the Gobi, and only occur due to the Tibetan Plateau diverting summer jet streams and creating the Siberian High which diverts winter storms to snowy Japan, Kamchatka and Alaska.
Damascus, an BWk city that have many historical marks of Abrahamic Religions in past and future (even the Religious Scholars/Ulama and many Muslims knew this city well about End Times/Akhiruz Zaman/Islamic Eschatology). Also Damascus (661-744) is once a capital of the largest Caliphate called Umayyad Caliphate.
A car would generally be slower in a tropical forest and faster in the Gobi Desert, for the following reasons: • Tropical Forest: Frequent rainfall and high humidity make the roads wet, muddy, and slippery, leading to much slower driving speeds. Dense vegetation, uneven terrain, and obstacles like tree roots or rocks also require cautious driving. Additionally, the narrow and often winding roads in forests further reduce vehicle speed. • Gobi Desert: The Gobi Desert is dry with minimal precipitation, so roads are typically dry and stable. In such conditions, cars can move much faster since there’s less chance of slippery surfaces or dense obstacles. However, loose sand or extreme heat can sometimes affect vehicle performance, though not as much as the constant wet and rough conditions in a tropical forest. In summary, cars are slower in a tropical forest due to the wet, challenging environment, while faster in the Gobi Desert because of its dry conditions, unless hindered by sand or extreme heat.
You missed Urumqi, which I believe is also in this climate zone. It’s the capital of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, and a burgeoning city in western China.
What is the music at 6:13 ? I like it but it seems to have been quite overshadowed by the intro song (like how many cool deserts are shadowed by mountains!)
I live in Eastern Washington out in the sagebrush steppe. Thanks to the dams on the Columbia River, we actually have plenty of water for irrigation and grow quite a lot of wheat, apples, and wine grapes. Rain is still a rare event, though, and a good storm is always cause for excitement. Thanks to climate change, our summers have gotten even hotter than they used to be. Back in the 90s and early 00s, we only had a few days each summer over 100F, always at the peak of a heat wave. In recent summers, it's become common to have an entire week or more over 100F. Not to mention the wildfires! In my lifetime, I've seen a new season born: smoke season (usually August through mid-September). California tends to get all the attention where wildfires are concerned, but in fact, you'll get them all up the west coast, especially on the dry side of the Cascades. It's mostly due to climate change, but invasive plants like cheat grass and tumbleweeds also contribute by growing fast, then dying and drying, turning the steppe into a tinderbox.
This is one of my favorite climates I think. Though I may be biased from living in Colorado my whole life. I've been to Utah and it doesn't seem that it had quite the seasonal tempurature differences that it does here. Maybe I'm wrong though?
It just goes to show that people are so different. I considered this was one of the harshest of the climates, but people like you seem right at home here :)
@@Geodiode I find the climates that have more seasonal temperature differences to be the most interesting for some reason? For example my favorite climate I think is the subartic climate because of the crazy seasonal temperature ranges, especially the one in Russia that one blows my mind
Although we’re in a Cold Semi-Arid zone, it feels more like humid continental climate. Denver and its surrounding definitely get more rain than a typical arid area. Grand Junction is much more true to cold semi-arid definition.
@@Geodiode Yes, Lowell Observatory, Clyde Tombaugh and Pluto. My hometown. Great departments are astronomy and geology. Gene Shoemaker of the crater impact sciences is historic. He today rests at the south pole of the moon. Nice man. Sorry we lost him. You know your stuff. Thanks for the channel. It's very good.
@@JWSitterley you're welcome John! Yes, I am a huge fan of astronomy - just as much as geography. So I grew up knowing all those names, and that Flagstaff was probably the most important place for global astronomy for many decades. One day I'll visit. Would love to see all those ponderosa pines you've got there too...
It is on the edge of a vast area of cool desert, but, weirdly, has a kind of Mediterranean climate. I think this is due to the "Western Disturbance" of depressions moving in from the far away Black Sea and Med. in winter.
@@Geodiode I looked up Dushambe#climate on wikipedia, and it is indeed weird. In US terms, it has summers like El Paso or Tucson and winters like Washington, DC.
@@filrabat1965 Dushanbe is now Hot Summer Mediterranean climate due to high rainfall and low annual average temps. Rainfall pattern is dry in summer, wet in winter
I wouldn’t call it a cool desert, but a Continental desert. Srsly, ive been in Turpan and Hotan in Xinjiang. These places have a BWk climate. In July, you DIE there of hot! 53C in the Turpan area. Thats anything but cool. The winters are freezing though. Amazing video anyways!
Agreed. It's not the best title. I flip between cold and cool myself. In fact, no single title really fits this classification, since the Atacama isn't continental, but a rain-shadow type, and doesn't get particularly cold. But as always, we must simplify things to improve ease of message in education, sometimes at the expense of granular detail.
Most hot deserts are also continental. Better to call these temperate deserts, while the hotter ones are subtropical and tropical deserts. Or perhaps arid continental and arid subtropical
@@TheLucidDreamer12 I don't consider that continentality is a factor in hot deserts, as they occur along the coast at the appropriate latitude as well as in the interior (think Baja, Mauretania, Nambia and Western Australia. Definitely the Hadley Cell downdraught being the principle factor.
Decreased precipitation generally leads to faster vehicles at road intersections. When there’s less rain, snow, or ice, roads are drier and provide better traction, allowing cars to travel more quickly and confidently through intersections. Increased temperatures can also lead to faster vehicles, but only within a moderate range. Very high temperatures could potentially lead to slower speeds due to road surface damage or vehicle overheating, though this is less common than the effects of precipitation. Therefore, decreased precipitation has a more direct impact on increasing vehicle speeds at intersections.
On that score, I'm not really sure. However there is a model that you can checkout here, that predicts future climate zones, but bear in mind that these are highly speculative. This is the landmark paper by Beck et al that I feature throughout my videos.
from 2016 to 2071, the BWk climate is expected to shrink by 6.3%. Locations turn into BWh or get degraded to BS climates or even C climates. But BWk will still be widespread. Climate Change also affects precipitation.
It's certainly a very odd location that the Mormons chose for their settlement. Perhaps because it was so remote, no-one else wanted it, and they'd be left alone...
Updated map here: ua-cam.com/video/aNxj5Id_UWk/v-deo.html You are correct (in terms of land area), but in terms of population, the majority live in the cool desert.
Water in the sea does not cool down or warm up as quickly as the air on land does, so winds bringing oceanic air from the ocean will stop oceanic deserts from having a large temperature variety.
@@Geodiode is admirable how you put your soul in creating those works, for you is important every single detail, even the music of course, and you make your selection with the finest sense of beauty and harmony, that fits so exactly with the content we are watching and that leads not only to a educational and interesting context also a unique experience watching your series. Thanks for taking your time to bring us your best! 👏👏
@@Geodiode Thank you for your reply. I could find video and photo credits but not music. Like I'm looking for the intro music. Is it included in a footage or something? Thank you
It would fit BWK under the official koppen classification, but it may be considered mild desert, sometimes classified as BWN, since there are mild winters averaging above 10*C.
Atacama definitivamente tiene las condiciones necesarias para ser un desierto frío. Quizás te refieres al sector más cerca de la costa, pero el interior de Atacama ve las temperaturas más bajas de invierno en todo Chile. Ollagüe constantemente tiene mínimas de -15°C en esta época. Saludos.
I know that in Spain they often teach in schools that Spain has a continental Mediterranean climate in central Spain but this is inaccurate because it doesn't have enough rain like the east coast of Spain or most of Catalonia which have a typical Mediterranean climate.
In the past Spaniards also often populated very intensively semi-arid parts of their colonies because they were very quickly familiar with the vegetation and climate of this parts of the world, like Mexico, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, parts of California. Also Arabs in the Middle Ages felt very comfortable with the semi-arid Spain climate and stayed there for 800 years. Humans feel comfortable in those parts of the world were climate is similar to their country of origin.
Hi Everyone! I hope you enjoy this presentation of the cold and cool deserts - some of the most remote and forbidding lands on Earth. If you have experienced these climates, then I'd love to hear from you!
The Tarim, Junggar Basins of China are cold desert climates indeed.
No wonder they have deserts!
But I heard a drier climate is taking hold in North China esp around Beijing, now its BSk instead of Dwa
Entire Series is really incredible. Watching through was like planet tour.
@@Geodiode Hi, again. After I stumbled upon your Sweden part I forgot about it until I saw your comment earlier today. I’m going through this from the beginning. Wonderful views and in deed very informative. Great work! Sharing with my friends from US to NZ, waiting for comments later on.
Living in Ulaanbaatar, the experiences during the summer and winter are polar opposites.
Sounds brutal
@@LeaderOfTheRedNinjas it is, in my city it’s normal to at least have +30’C and -30’C during summer and winter, which is crazy to say the least.
All these related videos are illustrative, with excellent soundtracks, delivery and photography that can be watched on and off.
Thank you Atila! And thanks for the sub!
@@Geodiode where could I find the soundtrack/song name/musician for this soundtrack?
Man you help so much with clearing up stuff that i have learned on geography class. The quality and effort put into these videos are remarkable. Thank you so much! Sending love from Hungary :)
Great to hear!
I was born in The Netherlands.
Oceanic climate. I remember cold and wet.
My parents and I moved to Salt Lake City Utah when I was 5 years old.
I remember hot summers. Also rain.
Fall was very pleasant. Winter was kinda cold. Daytime temperatures above freezing. Below freezing at night.
I moved to Portland Oregon when I was 24. Sort of Mediterranean climate.
Dry warn to hot summers. Considerable day night temperature swings.
Dry for weeks or months on end from early July into October.
Winters are gloomy . Lasts from mid October till April. Rains frequently.
But not a lot. Temps generally above freezing .
Now in in my late 60s. I'm considering moving to South America.
After living in a wet climate for over 40 years, I want a dry one. Warm, not hot.
Coldish winter ok.
I'm considering Mendoza, Argentina.
Climate is Cold Desert . Bwk.
25 cm rain a year. 100 cm where I live now.
In a small paragraph you have explained your whole life nice to hear sir 🙏
I love the diversity of the planet in the videos of different regions. I enjoy the beauty of the high deserts of Utah where I’ve lived most my life.
A lot of Utah in this video!
@@Geodiode Salt Lake City is BSk
The colorado plateau is a great example, plus it's a great place to go outdoors.
It’s not so fun when it’s on fire
I live in very interesting place where I transition from Hot Desert climate to Cold desert to Semi Arid and finally to Mediterranean climate in every summer of my childhood. I live in northwest of Saudi Arabia and when I Travel to Lebanon I see variance landscapes which makes the journey very enjoyable.
Another unique climate on earth, desert but very dry and even cold... Also i love to call this zone as Steppes, gives those zones mystic and ancient vibes
@@Geodiode my experience with steppes comes from my fellow country Ukraine, that was part of Lithuania in medieval time, most of its nature is steppes especially around Black sea, that i spent few holidays with my family in past.
@@Geodiode yeah but nobility of russia and poland had biggest influence why we are so small today :|
Koppen used the mean annual temperature of 18°C to differentiate k from w, and this doesn't take seasonal variation into account. The Atacama and Patagonian deserts (as well as southern Australia) are considered cool deserts, but they don't usually have freezing weather in winter. This is because the seasonal variation is weak, and the summers aren't terribly hot either. They are oceanic deserts. In this they are very different from the Gobi, Taklamakan or Great Basin deserts.
I know that Koppen used the letter "n" to denote foggy deserts (BWhn, BWkn, etc.), but I don't like that classification because it's vague and lacks formal definition. It's much less vague to just use the "n" letter to denote oceanic deserts such that variance in average temps from hottest to coldest month is < 10C or something. San Diego would be BSn and Lima would be BWn.
saw this whole series in one sitting and subbed. Great stuff
Even though the northern Chilean desert and the southern Argentinean Patagonian desert have similar Köppen-Geiger climatic classification (Bwk) there are great geographical and orographic differences between them. The Chilean desert in the north has impressive ravines and coastal cliffs of almost a thousand meters, and also many coastal mountains that flow directly into the sea (Cordillera de la Costa) The desert coast of southern Argentina (Argentine Patagonia) is flat and uniform , and it is not more than 12 meters high at most in some sectors.
Very true. Koppen has its limitations, and the two deserts mentioned are very different, also in temperature, and in causation.
amazing video as always! I've lived in outback australia in these cool desert regions, which made for some extreme weather to say the least.
I catch myself repeating the intro just for the song. The quality of your videos is amazing, and so is the content!
Glad you enjoy it! Thanks - you can find the full song here: ua-cam.com/video/sJL8BGKcrNU/v-deo.html
My home state (Utah) was shown more in this video than I've seen in any other video and it was great
@@Geodiode yes definitely, arches, canyonlands, captiol reef, monument valley, and goblin valley sure make good views so I'm glad you used them, not to say that basically 85% of our state is cold desert
Zaragoza, Spain. Baku, Azerbaijan. El Paso and Ciudad Juarez are on the boderline between "hot" and "cold" deseert
Baku has some Mediterranean features as well. It’s bone dry in summer and it rains occasionally in winter, which is a characteristic feature of Mediterranean climate.
Thank you GeoDiode! You've made my day for these videos! Keep it going! I wish you make more educational videos like this. I had a confusion of what is actually cold deserts? That was my confusion also about rainforests... This video is amazing!
There is also parts of British Columbia that fall under this category in the interior: parts of the Okanagan like the cities of Penticton, Osoyoos and further north to Kamloops.
In the mediterranean episode you Mention Madrid, but in this map Madrid is in the cool desert, so Madrid is a Mix of these two climates? and most parts of Spain
U should do an in depth of Denver because the climate here is crazy
@@Geodiode The temperature swings here seems to be crazy. We commonly have temperature drops of up to 50 or 60 degrees F in 24 hours when winter storms push through. In early September this year it was almost 100F in Denver and within a little over a day it was snowing, in early September... Colorado Springs, south of Denver, has its own micro monsoon season during the summers. In the summer along the front range it can be raining and cloudy and within 5 minutes the sky is clear again. Also the humidity here can get very low, I've seen it hit less than 5 percent humidity quite often during dry periods. Last spring, it kept snowing until June and the temps didn't really rise above 50 until then. Lots of crazy weather here in my opinion so I'd love to see a video.
@@TheRyansLion A video on the cold-season climate of the chinook belt (West Texas north to Interior Alaska) would be interesting but beyond those who are not climatologists. The chinook belt is climatically quite unique because of the enormous temperature ranges in the winter months. Many places have ranges of over 130˚F (70˚C) in the winter months (over many years of record), which is found nowhere else in the world. In the most extreme places, monthly means in the winter months can very by over 45˚F or 25˚C.
For instance, some places in Alberta and Montana that averaged above freezing in February 1931 averaged below minus 15 Fahrenheit or minus 27 Celsius in February 1936! Fairbanks, Alaska at the northern end of the chinook belt averaged minus 38˚C (minus 36˚F) in January 1971 but topped freezing on fifteen days and averaged 14˚F (minus 9˚C) in January 1981.
Great videos about the worlds climates and landscapes! They're a perfect knowledge basis for my students in school. How come, you make videos like this? Have you studied geography?
Thank you very much! And yes, you're welcome to share these videos with your students and integrate them into your teaching. I have always found geography interesting, since owning my first Atlas at age 6. But I never studied it beyond high school...
The relationship between hotness, dryness, vehicle speed, and pedestrian injuries is nuanced. Here’s a breakdown of how each factor influences these outcomes:
Hotness:
• Effects on Vehicle Performance:
• Engine Performance: In extreme heat, engines may overheat, potentially leading to reduced performance and efficiency. However, moderate warmth can allow vehicles to perform adequately.
• Tire Performance: Hot temperatures can affect tire pressure and performance, leading to potential blowouts or handling issues.
• Driver Behavior:
• High temperatures may lead to driver fatigue or distraction, increasing the likelihood of accidents. However, this effect can vary widely based on individual drivers and conditions.
Dryness:
• Road Conditions:
• Traction: Dry conditions generally provide better traction for vehicles. This can lead to higher speeds since vehicles can maintain grip and control.
• Visibility: Dry weather often leads to clearer visibility, allowing drivers to better assess their surroundings and react appropriately.
Impact on Pedestrian Injuries:
• Higher Speeds: When conditions are dry and vehicles can travel faster, the potential for pedestrian injuries increases. The higher the speed of a vehicle, the more severe the impact can be if a collision occurs.
• Increased Traffic Flow: Dry conditions often lead to increased traffic flow, which can also elevate the risk of accidents involving pedestrians, especially in urban areas without adequate crosswalks or signals.
Conclusion:
• Dryness is a more significant factor for faster vehicle speeds because it directly improves road traction and visibility, allowing for safer higher speeds.
• Hotness can indirectly affect driving behavior, but its impact on vehicle speed is less direct than that of dryness.
• Both factors can contribute to pedestrian injuries, but dry conditions generally increase the likelihood of faster vehicles, which can lead to more severe accidents involving pedestrians. Therefore, while hot conditions may affect overall traffic safety, dryness has a more direct influence on speed and associated risks.
We love you so much!
First time an easy to understand climate channel with all the explanations necessary! ❤️
Thank you so much for all of the information!
Wonderful! You're welcome! My mission is accomplished!
Yes, a desert can exist at 30°F (-1°C). Deserts are defined by their lack of precipitation, not necessarily their temperature. There are cold deserts where temperatures can drop well below freezing. Here are some key points:
Cold Deserts:
• Cold deserts are found in regions where temperatures are often low, especially in the winter. Examples include:
• The Gobi Desert in Mongolia and northern China, where winter temperatures can drop below freezing.
• The Great Basin Desert in the United States, where winter temperatures can be quite cold.
• These deserts experience hot summers, but during the winter, temperatures can easily fall to 30°F or even lower, especially at night.
Dryness, Not Heat:
• Deserts are characterized by low precipitation, typically receiving less than 10 inches (25 cm) of rain per year.
• While many people associate deserts with heat (like the Sahara or Mojave), cold deserts have very little moisture as well but are located in regions with more temperate or even frigid climates.
Conclusion:
A temperature of 30°F is quite common in cold deserts, particularly during the winter months. These environments are still considered deserts due to their dryness, even though they can be cold.
btw i have subd and recommended your channel to all my friends. Beautiful work mate :)
This intro feels like a legit documentary, great quality!
Gobi desert in mongolia in summer can high to 40 celsius and in winter can low to -40 celsius.Gobi desert is the most extreme places on earth with large temperature differences between summer and winter.
Muchas gracias 😁 😁
The highlands of Pamir (Tibet) are probably the highest, coldest and biggest of cold deserts of the planet. They surely would have deserved a few words in Your elaborations because that environment is truly unique.
Because Tibet is cold year round it is classified as tundra and so hence is not designated as a cold desert. I don't make the rules on that!
Hmm, I see that Köppen maps of this region shows a seemingly sharp border between BWk and EF in these regions. Probably since the surrounding mountains focus light into the valleys, and the thin air given the extreme elevation meant that solar radiation is absorbed at ruthless efficiency, giving them one, two, or even three months of 10°C or above, resulting in a reclassification to BWk.
@@27.minhquangvo76microclimate is very much everywhere in Tibetan (Xizang) plateau because of the varying elevations of the region
One city in the cool desert climate you didn't mention is Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. It has an urban area of 319,000, but a metropolitan area of 1,006,000 people.
I didn't include it because it is a mix of three different climates - watch my Greece video that discusses the Macedonian climate in more detail.
I’m from Denver co. It’s dry as hell. But the mountains are kinda cool, yanno, when they aren’t engulfed in flames.
I’m from Denver also. This year was werid. The thunderstorms we usually get in august didn’t really happen. And September saw only that one cold front. The fires were terrible this year.
Come over to Vail
7:30 - Mucho bien, Cool Desert Climate also famous about Don Quixote since his homeland La Mancha (windmills) is cool steppe.
8:34 - This place where Princess Iron Fan (Journey to The West) lived (too scorching so need a fan to cool off).
6:16 - Land that famous about Cowboy/Vanquero lores.
great work sir .
I am enjoying your lessons
Thank you
Most of Nevada is cool desert climate as well. The main exception is southern Nevada which is within the Mojave desert.
Much of central and northern Nevada on the other hand are cool desert, part of the Great Basin Desert.
Been to Reno?
The Atacama desert is dry not because of dry trades but the marked aridity is due to desicating effect of cold peruvian current on the western margins of continent. During the summers, the ITCZ shifts upwards and hence, the region is under influence of westerlies. The westerlies get invigoured with moisture from the pacific ocean but they get cooled near the shores due to cold currents and lose moisture before reaching continent interiors. This is the reason why there is alot of fog and mist on the western coast during summers which subsequently rolls to continents and leads so meagre vegetation.
@@Geodiode now it sounds perfect mate ❣️ thanks for taking cognizance and I appreciate your efforts... Much love
really like the music, was it made for the channel?
Thanks. This has had more comments than any other piece of music I've included. It's some stock music. You'll find the full version here: ua-cam.com/video/sJL8BGKcrNU/v-deo.html
Thanks for the great video, but one question : should atacama desert, especially coastal part, be considered as mild desert climate?(BWn)
It is located at the latitude close enough to the equator(about 25 degrees), and it's temperature is mild year-round(like oceanic climate), unlike other cold deserts that experience cold winter(like continental climate).
Check out my video on Lima "City of Fog". In it I go into the so-called "BWn" climate (which isn't official - somebody on the internet just made it up!)
I kind of live in this climate here in Montana, but it’s disputable between humid Continental and cold semi-arid. Northwest Montana where I’m at is very lush, so it might not be considered cold semi-arid. I used to live in Colorado, and it was definitely closer to a cold desert climate.
Thanks - yes it depends upon what elevation you're at. If you look at a Koppen chart of Montana (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Montana_K%C3%B6ppen.svg) you'll see a great deal of complexity due to the Rockies. That said it's almost all Continental, with some Subarctic in the west, while the flat east is uniformly semi-arid.
I lived in Denver for a few years. The climate feels more like a mix of BSk, Dfa, and Cfa than just BSk alone.
I live near Denver too, and the weather is amazing! Lots of snow given the other stats (~1.5m/yr), unpredictable yet never extreme conditions (all time records are -35/41ºC), and more than 4 seasons even, a unique pattern mainly attributable to geography. And one more, proximity to mountains high enough that climate zones visible range all the way up to ET.
The temperatures are indeed right on the edge of Cfa and Dfa; summers average 24ºC and winters close enough to 0ºC that even if the average year is Cfa, more years end up as Dfa. Spring peak in precipitation means that some years can get an "s" or "w" classification, and in a few rare instances consistently cool summers made the climate Cfb or Dfb instead. Out of all Köppen borderline climates, I find this kind of climate the best.
The most shocking weather event I can remember is a summer polar vortex, 9/8/2020. On 9/7, the high was a blazing 37ºC, and two days later there was snow! These events usually show up in winter so I'd imagine it did considerable damage to top off such an apocalyptic year, with a devastating wildfire season and the start of COVID.
Interesting, thanks.
At 8:17, the Aral Sea was historically hyposaline (like the Black Sea or Caspian Sea) not fresh.
comment in russian related to that big central part called steppe: отличное видео, лайк и репост)))
Grew up in the Southern High Plains of New Mexico. It's not horrible, but climate change is posing a massive threat to our water supply. Extreme drought and heat have depleted our wells and my town isn't part of the local water recycling program surrounding communities are a part of
Awesome
I really like your channel, bro! You should make more climate types! Thanks for this!
Patagonia is giant like turkey the avarage precipitation is 300 mm per year or less.
What’s the name is the place fir the opening montage, I believe it’s in Utah.
90% of the footage in the video was from Utah! It was because the stock video library I use must have had a very active drone video guy submitting material to them!
There were quite a few BWk cities that you could have mentioned(granted they’re not particularly famous)
-Juarez/el paso, mexico US border
-mendoza, argentina
-Damascus, syria
-Mashhad, Iran
-Isfahan, Iran
-Arequipa, peru
Those are the ones on the top of my mind
GeoDiode all good, you’re right about the cities not being particularly famous, although from a historical standpoint Damascus and Isfahan are somewhat significant.
Damascus is the largest BWk city in the world. Isfahan, in Iran, is the second largest. Mashhad is actually wet enough to be BSk, and almost hot enough to be BSh.
The “archetypal” cool arid climates, however, occur really only in Central Asia and the Gobi, and only occur due to the Tibetan Plateau diverting summer jet streams and creating the Siberian High which diverts winter storms to snowy Japan, Kamchatka and Alaska.
Damascus, an BWk city that have many historical marks of Abrahamic Religions in past and future (even the Religious Scholars/Ulama and many Muslims knew this city well about End Times/Akhiruz Zaman/Islamic Eschatology). Also Damascus (661-744) is once a capital of the largest Caliphate called Umayyad Caliphate.
A car would generally be slower in a tropical forest and faster in the Gobi Desert, for the following reasons:
• Tropical Forest: Frequent rainfall and high humidity make the roads wet, muddy, and slippery, leading to much slower driving speeds. Dense vegetation, uneven terrain, and obstacles like tree roots or rocks also require cautious driving. Additionally, the narrow and often winding roads in forests further reduce vehicle speed.
• Gobi Desert: The Gobi Desert is dry with minimal precipitation, so roads are typically dry and stable. In such conditions, cars can move much faster since there’s less chance of slippery surfaces or dense obstacles. However, loose sand or extreme heat can sometimes affect vehicle performance, though not as much as the constant wet and rough conditions in a tropical forest.
In summary, cars are slower in a tropical forest due to the wet, challenging environment, while faster in the Gobi Desert because of its dry conditions, unless hindered by sand or extreme heat.
You missed Urumqi, which I believe is also in this climate zone. It’s the capital of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, and a burgeoning city in western China.
Urumqi is actually the largest city in Central Asia.
What is the music at 6:13 ? I like it but it seems to have been quite overshadowed by the intro song (like how many cool deserts are shadowed by mountains!)
It's in my full music video for this series - here: ua-cam.com/video/sJL8BGKcrNU/v-deo.html
Is Madrid, Spain more meditteranean or more Semi-arid ?
It's a hybrid between the two, as are many large cities.
@@Geodiode Thank you!
If you've lived in Lethbridge Alberta (Bsk), most will remember wind and dust in their eyes
I live in Eastern Washington out in the sagebrush steppe. Thanks to the dams on the Columbia River, we actually have plenty of water for irrigation and grow quite a lot of wheat, apples, and wine grapes. Rain is still a rare event, though, and a good storm is always cause for excitement.
Thanks to climate change, our summers have gotten even hotter than they used to be. Back in the 90s and early 00s, we only had a few days each summer over 100F, always at the peak of a heat wave. In recent summers, it's become common to have an entire week or more over 100F.
Not to mention the wildfires! In my lifetime, I've seen a new season born: smoke season (usually August through mid-September). California tends to get all the attention where wildfires are concerned, but in fact, you'll get them all up the west coast, especially on the dry side of the Cascades. It's mostly due to climate change, but invasive plants like cheat grass and tumbleweeds also contribute by growing fast, then dying and drying, turning the steppe into a tinderbox.
Great to hear the local's perspective on the high desert east of the Cascades!
This is one of my favorite climates I think. Though I may be biased from living in Colorado my whole life. I've been to Utah and it doesn't seem that it had quite the seasonal tempurature differences that it does here. Maybe I'm wrong though?
It just goes to show that people are so different. I considered this was one of the harshest of the climates, but people like you seem right at home here :)
@@Geodiode I find the climates that have more seasonal temperature differences to be the most interesting for some reason? For example my favorite climate I think is the subartic climate because of the crazy seasonal temperature ranges, especially the one in Russia that one blows my mind
You have a point, yes. I couldn't live in the tropics, even in the Highlands... The lack of seasons would drive me crazy
I live in Denver and it doesn’t even feel like a dessert due to the human interference.
Although we’re in a Cold Semi-Arid zone, it feels more like humid continental climate. Denver and its surrounding definitely get more rain than a typical arid area. Grand Junction is much more true to cold semi-arid definition.
It gets pretty hot in the summer in the cool desert of Arizona
GeoDiode that would be nice. I'm thinking of Tuscon because I have family near there in the south
Where was the landscape at 0.09 filmed? It looks like a Bonestellian-style, 1950s depiction of a lunar crater with a central peak.
@@Geodiode Thanks, Utah is now on my list of places to visit!
Hello from Northern Arizona.
Flagstaff, astronomy city?
@@Geodiode Yes, Lowell Observatory, Clyde Tombaugh and Pluto. My hometown. Great departments are astronomy and geology. Gene Shoemaker of the crater impact sciences is historic. He today rests at the south pole of the moon. Nice man. Sorry we lost him. You know your stuff. Thanks for the channel. It's very good.
@@JWSitterley you're welcome John! Yes, I am a huge fan of astronomy - just as much as geography. So I grew up knowing all those names, and that Flagstaff was probably the most important place for global astronomy for many decades. One day I'll visit. Would love to see all those ponderosa pines you've got there too...
Concho AZ - fantastic starry skies!
Is Dushanbe Located In Cool Deserts???????
It is on the edge of a vast area of cool desert, but, weirdly, has a kind of Mediterranean climate. I think this is due to the "Western Disturbance" of depressions moving in from the far away Black Sea and Med. in winter.
@@Geodiode I looked up Dushambe#climate on wikipedia, and it is indeed weird. In US terms, it has summers like El Paso or Tucson and winters like Washington, DC.
@@filrabat1965 Dushanbe is now Hot Summer Mediterranean climate due to high rainfall and low annual average temps. Rainfall pattern is dry in summer, wet in winter
I wouldn’t call it a cool desert, but a Continental desert. Srsly, ive been in Turpan and Hotan in Xinjiang. These places have a BWk climate. In July, you DIE there of hot! 53C in the Turpan area. Thats anything but cool. The winters are freezing though. Amazing video anyways!
Agreed. It's not the best title. I flip between cold and cool myself. In fact, no single title really fits this classification, since the Atacama isn't continental, but a rain-shadow type, and doesn't get particularly cold. But as always, we must simplify things to improve ease of message in education, sometimes at the expense of granular detail.
@@Geodiode yeah, thats true
Most hot deserts are also continental. Better to call these temperate deserts, while the hotter ones are subtropical and tropical deserts.
Or perhaps arid continental and arid subtropical
@@TheLucidDreamer12 I don't consider that continentality is a factor in hot deserts, as they occur along the coast at the appropriate latitude as well as in the interior (think Baja, Mauretania, Nambia and Western Australia. Definitely the Hadley Cell downdraught being the principle factor.
@@Geodiodehey, the Turpan Basin of Xinjiang hit 52.2C on July 19 2023
Thanks
Thank you
You're welcome
It seems like Tehran and Samarkand have Csa climate
Decreased precipitation generally leads to faster vehicles at road intersections. When there’s less rain, snow, or ice, roads are drier and provide better traction, allowing cars to travel more quickly and confidently through intersections.
Increased temperatures can also lead to faster vehicles, but only within a moderate range. Very high temperatures could potentially lead to slower speeds due to road surface damage or vehicle overheating, though this is less common than the effects of precipitation. Therefore, decreased precipitation has a more direct impact on increasing vehicle speeds at intersections.
is this climate zone expanding?
On that score, I'm not really sure. However there is a model that you can checkout here, that predicts future climate zones, but bear in mind that these are highly speculative. This is the landmark paper by Beck et al that I feature throughout my videos.
No, global warming only affects temperature, not precipitation
from 2016 to 2071, the BWk climate is expected to shrink by 6.3%. Locations turn into BWh or get degraded to BS climates or even C climates. But BWk will still be widespread. Climate Change also affects precipitation.
In Germany it will grow
@@sreedevisodanapalli1010 this climate zone doesn"t occure in Germany :/
Salt Lake City, Utah (Wasatch Front) valleys are true high cold crusty deserts. Even water goes there to die in the Great Salt Lake!
It's certainly a very odd location that the Mormons chose for their settlement. Perhaps because it was so remote, no-one else wanted it, and they'd be left alone...
7:53 no, Iran is like 70% hot desert
Updated map here: ua-cam.com/video/aNxj5Id_UWk/v-deo.html
You are correct (in terms of land area), but in terms of population, the majority live in the cool desert.
Why does do desserts near the ocean have a more consistent seasonal temperature than others?
Water in the sea does not cool down or warm up as quickly as the air on land does, so winds bringing oceanic air from the ocean will stop oceanic deserts from having a large temperature variety.
Largest desert is Antarctica.. think about that.. no cactus no camels no heat..
Indeed, but Koppen decided to classify it more due to its extreme cold, than extreme lack of precipitation.
Half of the western us be like lmao
It's the best cold desert climate like we have in Saudi Arabia 🇸🇦
Um Saudi Arabia is a Hot Desert!
"cold"? 😭
May 1883 light cool
Cold Semi-Desert BSk still better than Cold Desert BWk because the slightly high precipitation than Cold Desert BWk (even below than temperate).
Yep, BWk is probably 3rd after Tundra and Icecap as being the most inhospitable of all climates.
This song is fire🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
Indeed!!! Music quality in this channel is so high!
@@Geodiode is admirable how you put your soul in creating those works, for you is important every single detail, even the music of course, and you make your selection with the finest sense of beauty and harmony, that fits so exactly with the content we are watching and that leads not only to a educational and interesting context also a unique experience watching your series. Thanks for taking your time to bring us your best! 👏👏
Forgot to say, this climate zones (Cool Desert; BWk and BSk) is where the cutie hamsters 🐹 (Golden and Dwarf) come from.
😊😝😜
Does somebody know the name of the music? I find so cool! Thanks
Full version here: ua-cam.com/video/sJL8BGKcrNU/v-deo.html
@@Geodiode Thank you for your reply. I could find video and photo credits but not music. Like I'm looking for the intro music. Is it included in a footage or something? Thank you
@@Exploremore658 in that link is the full version of the song at the section on cold deserts
Okay im lucky to live in southren England
If you don't mind the NIMBY's ;)
this shit is epic!
Dude, this is for a genre of fiction?
**laughs in continental climate**
The Realm of Platinum is mostly continental
@@Geodiode Not really. It's more adventure and war and Cthulhu and romance.
Atacama has no cold winters to be a BWK climate
It would fit BWK under the official koppen classification, but it may be considered mild desert, sometimes classified as BWN, since there are mild winters averaging above 10*C.
Atacama definitivamente tiene las condiciones necesarias para ser un desierto frío. Quizás te refieres al sector más cerca de la costa, pero el interior de Atacama ve las temperaturas más bajas de invierno en todo Chile. Ollagüe constantemente tiene mínimas de -15°C en esta época. Saludos.
The cold desert is located in Pakistan search on internet
Can humans make plant grow in Cool desert ? So we can stop desertification
@@Geodiode i meant Cool stupid keyboard 😅
@@alperenbaser7952 we are already doing that in the UAE!
@@felobatirmoheb4884 Uae located in hot deserts and plants depended on humans
@@alperenbaser7952 well, the desert is getting cooler and cooler every year
@@felobatirmoheb4884 Really ?
Spain??
Yes Spain I agree. It's so dry and hot in sommer. Especially western Andalusia, extremadura, castilla La Mancha, murcia and southern Madrid region.
I know that in Spain they often teach in schools that Spain has a continental Mediterranean climate in central Spain but this is inaccurate because it doesn't have enough rain like the east coast of Spain or most of Catalonia which have a typical Mediterranean climate.
In the past Spaniards also often populated very intensively semi-arid parts of their colonies because they were very quickly familiar with the vegetation and climate of this parts of the world, like Mexico, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, parts of California. Also Arabs in the Middle Ages felt very comfortable with the semi-arid Spain climate and stayed there for 800 years. Humans feel comfortable in those parts of the world were climate is similar to their country of origin.
@@KrlKngMrtssn
Correct, many parts of central/north Mexico resemble the central part of Spain.
Warm summer, cool/cold winters.
Good morning baby
India leh ladakh is cold desert