If you have any questions you would like to ask me please leave a comment down below and I will do my best to reply. Also want to get your feedback on the bike.
I'm glad I got all the accessories, especially the wind guard. I could do without the bottle holder but it makes a good hanger for my HR chest strap. I haven't had any problems with clicking noises or loose parts.
congratulations on the video💪 where you ordered the air cover so big? because on the site I found only the short one but it seems to me useful.. thanks💪
@@untappedstrength7548 what is better this or bikerg from a calories burn perspective? I own the aerodyne, but I feel like I can't last long enough to burn lot of calories. I typically do 50rpm for 20-25 minutes and burn only 350 calories. It seems people can last longer and burn more on bikeerg.
How short can you be before it becomes a problem and how long should your arms be at a minimum? I’m 5’4 and my gf is 5 feet tall which is why I’m asking. Or would I be better off with an Assault Bike?
just ordered mine today and it will be arriving shortly; do the instructions specify the amount of torque (N-m) to secure the bolts? just curious. thanks.
Do the pegs tighten all the way or do they spin? I tried tightening all the way in but it was very hard after a certain point and didnt want to tighten all the way after that point. Funny thing is it is on both sides, so I think I tighten them to the max but there's still a spin to them
The washer shouldn't spin but the peg should. Make sure the ring inside (the one before the washer) the bar stays in place, otherwise there will be a huge gap.
Just wondering how comfortable that seat is? I'm wondering if the stock seat could be swapped out for an aftermarket "hornless" seat that helps eliminate pressure on the prostate.
I have to say the stock it’s actually very comfortable. It’s a very soft and wide seat. I did a long ride challenge just recently and the seat did not bother me. You can always try lowering the nose slightly just to eliminate the pressure. But if you choose yes, the seat can be swapped out just like any normal bike.
Hi. Thanks for making this review. I’ve recently bought one too. I’ve been hearing a clicking/scraping sound but it seems to be coming from the belt. I was wondering if you’ve had any similar problems?
Is this a good warmup for squats and benching? Will it warmup your lower back in 4 minutes? I’m sure you won’t be as strong after 4 minutes on this bike but it will warm up the body for squat and bench quickly?
@@untappedstrength7548 perfect! That’s exactly what I need. I’m glad I pulled the trigger last night then 😂 even though I didn’t want to pay that much for a stationary bike 😭😭😭
@@untappedstrength7548 I just finished putting it together and used it for less than 1 minute. It was worth every penny. Thank you! Your video was the reason I pulled the trigger lol
I would say biking in general regardless of the type is going to be a low impact exercise. I did a video where I talk about how this bike can indeed be used for long steady rides. It's intended use is for HIIT workouts but can be used for lower intensity workouts as well.
tasakattotarzan It’s not too bad. If you’re just cruising it’s pretty low noise but the faster you pedal the noisier it gets do to the speed of the fan.
I have always wondered how this bike affects the legs, warms them up a bit for another exercise with weights or can it be used alone to develop the quadriceps and other muscles of it, have you seen changes? Thank you very much
It's definitely helped me build some muscle around the quads and has been helping me with my squats. You're still going to have to use your arms regardless but i'd say if you want to target more of your quads you can always lower the seat a little.
I had shoulder surgery in August... just got my echo bike last week... it’s been great as a way to warm up my shoulder before doing my own rehab. So depending on how far away from the surgery date you are it’ll be useful.
Hey man, great review, thanks! Could you help me out with a measurement please? Horizontal distance from the front tip of the flywheel cage to the rear of the seat runner? Thanks!
G Man from the front of the flywheel cage to the rear seat runner measures just about 54 inches. Hope that helps! Be sure to sub if you like the content and want to see more. Cheers!
Short answer is yes. Any equipment that is low impact such as a stationary bike, elliptical or rower will be great for someone with shin splints or even knee pain. Hope that helps :)
@@untappedstrength7548 if i just use the bike will i get some fitness back?? i used to be fit and slim, i felt very tired now and i got very stiff, really want o get back tot he old me
I have mostly been using this bike as a way to warm up before hitting the weights. I can assure you if used properly and consistently you will see results.
I’m 5’ 5”. I’m concerned about this one review from the official website where a guy who is 5’ 10” said, “ I felt the handle bars are too high even after adjusting the seat position (I’m 5’ 10”). Not only are the handles too high the stride of them is too long which makes it even more awkward to use.” Do you see this to be true? Will that complaint make it even awkward for me at my height? Thanks in advance.
I'm 5'5" as well. Had the same concerns. No complaints here. I can reach the handle bars and foot peddle. I use 4/5 seat setting. Handle bars are good reach. I use it daily and love it. Very impressed with packaging. If it helps my measurement from under armpit to finger tip is 30". Is it worth it? "Heck ya its worth it. This thing is a beast!"
I'm 5'10" and after trying different seat heights i found the one that works best for me is at height number 7. I also like to keep the horizontal seat slider as close as possible to the bars so that i don't have to sway back and forth to reach the bars. My father-in-law also uses the bike regularly and if i'm not mistaken he 's around 5'5" and hasn't had any complaints. Seat height 4/5 should be ideal. Just stand next to it and adjust until the seat is hip level and that should be your ideal setting. Hope this helps.
Do you ever stand while pedalling or is it best to be sitting? How hard do you find it to push in terms of resistance if you wanted to go for a longer consistent session?
I've tried standing but definitely not designed for that. Once you're up the arms just hit your legs making it super awkward. You essentially have full control over the resistance based on how fast you push it. I typically keep it around 20 to 21 speed and I can go for a long time.
Untapped Strength yup I signed up for it! It just happens to restock while I’m at work or driving home from work lol recruited an extra hand to help me get it, hopefully that works
@@chizz12 I had it in my cart ready to check out twice and it sold out before I could hit the buy button. My advice get their app (Rogue) sign up for update and importantly have your credit card info saved so you can Buy it as soon as you get an update. It sells out in minutes, no exaggeration.
Ason thanks for the info! I hope you were able to get one. I FINALLY ordered one(had my sister keep an eye out for the restock and order it)! Pretty pumped haha
@@chizz12 Interesting, I just randomly went on there earlier today, it was available. It's the 2 bike that I didn't realize was in stock but had in cart for a bit, moved on as I have a rower and was looking around at the lower prices. So hopefully there is a such thing as BF this year.
hello , I like your video. I have one question. Can I set resistance level for this bike ? I would like to use it for slow pace and longer duration ride. I would like to drive it for 30 min easy tempo, but I am afraid it's gonna be too hard.
Hi there! Unfortunately there is no way to set the resistance level. It's a fan bike which means the harder you pedal the harder it gets. If you're looking for a bike that you can use for longer rides than i'd suggest either a spinning bike or an upright stationary bike. This bike is intended mostly for short high intensity rides or HIIT. Hope this helps.
@@untappedstrength7548 thanks for the answer. I would like to use this bike for both, HIIT and longer rides, 30min or so, heart rate around 40%. Do you think it's possible to do low-mid intensity ?
@@MegaTheJohny Absolutely. For HIIT, you're covered, for long rides its definitely possible as long as you take it nice and easy so you dont burnout. Overall you will get a heck of a full body workout. Also with repetition you will become more use to it and your body will adapt.
@@MegaTheJohny I think you're better off with the Concept2 Bike Erg. You can adjust the damper setting from 1 to 10 on the flywheel. It's very easy to pedal on the Bike Erg for 30 to 60 mins. I have both that bike and the Echo, Bike Erg all the way.
Yes, many people have reported this. Just give the bolts on the arms more torque. The material is very stiff and may feel like you can’t apply more but trust me, it can take a lot. Just be sure to tighten both bolts a little at a time.
Rouge provides surprisingly decent assembly tools, but a 13mm socket & wrench are needed to achieve proper torque on the arms by alternating tightening each bolt until you can't get them any tighter.
Honestly It’s not too loud if you intend to pedal nice and easy. The noise level is mostly from the fan blades. I have a few videos where I pedal hard and you can definitely tell how loud it can get with short intense bursts. If you ever had one of those square window fans it sounds sort of like that. Hope this helps.
I posted this video on my channel a few weeks ago. let me know if this is helpful. be sure to follow for more. ua-cam.com/video/X5-QAOp1uBc/v-deo.html&ab_channel=UntappedStrength
After the first couple of rides i did notice the right one was just a little so i just re tightened everything and now it seems to be fine. Just be sure to really tighten them well. Those bolts can take a lot of torque.
My arms were wobbly. Drove me nuts. I could not adequately tighten the bolts on the arms with the provided wrench. I had to use an impact driver to tighten the nuts sufficiently. Zero play and wobble in the handles now.
Love this bike, nicely attached a piece of black yoga mat over the fan, used the two existing screws used for the very expensive wind guard I refused to buy and two twist ties and it worked perfect!!
What does this machine do for you? To me, it looks like a shit-designed, more expensive, larger, and heavier indoor bicycle. Just from watching others using it, I wouldn't accept one if you tried to give it to me.
It's not for everyone and every use case. It's mostly used for high intensity interval workouts or HIIT where you use more muscle groups e.g. arms and legs, to burn more calories in a short amount of time.
I got it as an alternative to doing HIIT workouts on the treadmill. I typically did the 20 on 10 off x 8 tabata which was very intense. The treadmill stays running at a constant speed and incline so there is no way to slack off, it's either do or die. That's one big difference between the Echo and Treadmill, you can adjust your effort on the Echo which I think I like. I used to almost have a panic attack before starting my Tabatas on the treadmill.😀 The Echo also has some cool built in custom programs you can challenge yourself with. One popular one is the 50 calorie challenge where you see how quickly you can burn 50 calories. I don't do cardio for calorie burn, just for the cardio and fitness benefits but it's fun to have targets to aim for. I think if I could keep just one of my cardio machines it would be my Elliptical. It's great for steady state and ok for HIIT. But for a killer low impact HIIT workout in the convenience of your own home, I can't think of anything better than the Echo.
If you have any questions you would like to ask me please leave a comment down below and I will do my best to reply. Also want to get your feedback on the bike.
What was your duration periods and did you loosed some weight etc?
I'm glad I got all the accessories, especially the wind guard. I could do without the bottle holder but it makes a good hanger for my HR chest strap. I haven't had any problems with clicking noises or loose parts.
congratulations on the video💪 where you ordered the air cover so big? because on the site I found only the short one but it seems to me useful.. thanks💪
Bought it from Rogue when i purchased the bike.
Thank you for the review! I’m looking for something to kick my butt and you answered that question. I’m going to get one
That’s awesome! You won’t regret it.
I was able to reduce seat wobble by tightening the two knobs that control the position of the seat.
Good call. I tightened them even more and i can barely hear anything.
@@untappedstrength7548 what is better this or bikerg from a calories burn perspective? I own the aerodyne, but I feel like I can't last long enough to burn lot of calories. I typically do 50rpm for 20-25 minutes and burn only 350 calories. It seems people can last longer and burn more on bikeerg.
ty for moving your pegs up front, I was worried ours were not tight enough... wtf do the pegs move is my wuestion.. Great Vidd!!
Absolutely Worth the money
I have this inside my semi.. I tell everyone to buy this 100% awesome
That’s so cool, enjoy the new toy!
Great video do u think u can do a review on the assault elite?
What is the quietest air bikes?
I need something that can't be heard through apartment walls.
How short can you be before it becomes a problem and how long should your arms be at a minimum? I’m 5’4 and my gf is 5 feet tall which is why I’m asking. Or would I be better off with an Assault Bike?
My wife is 5'2 and has no problem using it. You should be fine.
No clicking on my saddle. Good review 👍
Thank you.
just ordered mine today and it will be arriving shortly; do the instructions specify the amount of torque (N-m) to secure the bolts? just curious. thanks.
I don’t believe they do. I can take and report back if I find something. Congrats on the purchase, always exciting.
Just order mine today!! How long did it took for you to get yours?
Do the pegs tighten all the way or do they spin? I tried tightening all the way in but it was very hard after a certain point and didnt want to tighten all the way after that point. Funny thing is it is on both sides, so I think I tighten them to the max but there's still a spin to them
The pegs are meant to spin
The washer shouldn't spin but the peg should. Make sure the ring inside (the one before the washer) the bar stays in place, otherwise there will be a huge gap.
Just wondering how comfortable that seat is? I'm wondering if the stock seat could be swapped out for an aftermarket "hornless" seat that helps eliminate pressure on the prostate.
I have to say the stock it’s actually very comfortable. It’s a very soft and wide seat. I did a long ride challenge just recently and the seat did not bother me. You can always try lowering the nose slightly just to eliminate the pressure. But if you choose yes, the seat can be swapped out just like any normal bike.
@@untappedstrength7548 how do you lower the nose?
Hi. Thanks for making this review. I’ve recently bought one too. I’ve been hearing a clicking/scraping sound but it seems to be coming from the belt. I was wondering if you’ve had any similar problems?
Hi there. If you hear anything coming from the belt I would suggest contacting support right away. This should not be happening with a brand new bike.
how are the arms for taller guys? I'm 6 foot 6, and on most assault bikes, the arms are kind of uncomfortably low.
You can adjust the height! Im thinking about getting one, looks promising
I just got mine and didn’t know that. How do you adjust the arms??
Brian shaw uses it you’ll be fine
Is this a good warmup for squats and benching? Will it warmup your lower back in 4 minutes? I’m sure you won’t be as strong after 4 minutes on this bike but it will warm up the body for squat and bench quickly?
Absolutely! I religiously use this bike for ~3 minutes before all more workouts. It's a fast way to get all the joints and muscles fired up.
@@untappedstrength7548 perfect! That’s exactly what I need. I’m glad I pulled the trigger last night then 😂 even though I didn’t want to pay that much for a stationary bike 😭😭😭
@@untappedstrength7548 I just finished putting it together and used it for less than 1 minute. It was worth every penny. Thank you! Your video was the reason I pulled the trigger lol
with rogue echo bike can I build my legs like with spin bike or not? Also after meniscus surgery which do you consider best for rehabilitation?
I would say biking in general regardless of the type is going to be a low impact exercise. I did a video where I talk about how this bike can indeed be used for long steady rides. It's intended use is for HIIT workouts but can be used for lower intensity workouts as well.
Thank you for the review! Do you think that the noise level is high?
tasakattotarzan It’s not too bad. If you’re just cruising it’s pretty low noise but the faster you pedal the noisier it gets do to the speed of the fan.
I have one and some think it may be noisy however night and day compared to any assault bike. you will like
I just ordered mines in the nick of time and when I check back a few hours later it was sold out again
A B That’s great!! It is well worth it.
Came back in stock :))
I’ve used it once and really liked it and it felt like a big time leg workout. Over time do you think it would build leg muscles?
absolutely! Legs will grow.
I have always wondered how this bike affects the legs, warms them up a bit for another exercise with weights or can it be used alone to develop the quadriceps and other muscles of it, have you seen changes? Thank you very much
It's definitely helped me build some muscle around the quads and has been helping me with my squats. You're still going to have to use your arms regardless but i'd say if you want to target more of your quads you can always lower the seat a little.
I just had shoulder surgery, can I use it with just the pedals without using the hand rails?
Yes, absolutely doable however you will be limited to the intensity and how fast you pedal since you have nowhere to place your hands for stability.
I had shoulder surgery in August... just got my echo bike last week... it’s been great as a way to warm up my shoulder before doing my own rehab. So depending on how far away from the surgery date you are it’ll be useful.
Got mine yesterday. Loving it/hating it so far 🤣. Going to do some intervals after heavy squats today see how my legs feel after that haha.
Love/hate relationship I see haha. It’s great for interval training and recovery in general.
Thank you!
You bet man!
Hey man, great review, thanks!
Could you help me out with a measurement please? Horizontal distance from the front tip of the flywheel cage to the rear of the seat runner? Thanks!
G Man I will take that measurement for you.
Untapped Strength thanks so much! I’m teetering on the brink of pulling the trigger 😍
G Man from the front of the flywheel cage to the rear seat runner measures just about 54 inches. Hope that helps! Be sure to sub if you like the content and want to see more. Cheers!
Untapped Strength thanks so much! +1 sub!
@@gman5375 Thank you sir!
genuine question, do they work? i cant jog anymore due to shin splints!!! really want to get in to exercise again!!!!!!
Short answer is yes. Any equipment that is low impact such as a stationary bike, elliptical or rower will be great for someone with shin splints or even knee pain. Hope that helps :)
@@untappedstrength7548 if i just use the bike will i get some fitness back?? i used to be fit and slim, i felt very tired now and i got very stiff, really want o get back tot he old me
@@untappedstrength7548 or would rower do the same thing for less money?
Absolutely. I'd say any air bike or even rower will be great for burning calories. It's a full body workout.
1 months did you loose weight? And duration time periods
Lately I’ve been using it mostly to warmup.
Would you recommend this bike for a new beginner to exercising?
It can be used by anyone really. I have family members of all ages that use it daily without complaints.
how much fat have you lost? just got one and I am curious about the results.
I have mostly been using this bike as a way to warm up before hitting the weights. I can assure you if used properly and consistently you will see results.
I’m 5’ 5”. I’m concerned about this one review from the official website where a guy who is 5’ 10” said, “ I felt the handle bars are too high even after adjusting the seat position (I’m 5’ 10”). Not only are the handles too high the stride of them is too long which makes it even more awkward to use.” Do you see this to be true? Will that complaint make it even awkward for me at my height? Thanks in advance.
I'm 5'5" as well. Had the same concerns. No complaints here. I can reach the handle bars and foot peddle. I use 4/5 seat setting. Handle bars are good reach. I use it daily and love it. Very impressed with packaging. If it helps my measurement from under armpit to finger tip is 30".
Is it worth it? "Heck ya its worth it. This thing is a beast!"
I'm 5'10" and after trying different seat heights i found the one that works best for me is at height number 7. I also like to keep the horizontal seat slider as close as possible to the bars so that i don't have to sway back and forth to reach the bars. My father-in-law also uses the bike regularly and if i'm not mistaken he 's around 5'5" and hasn't had any complaints. Seat height 4/5 should be ideal. Just stand next to it and adjust until the seat is hip level and that should be your ideal setting. Hope this helps.
I’m 5’, I love it 🤷🏻♀️😂 so you should be fine!
@@iceeparamio I'm really surprised that a 5 footer would be able to comfortably use the Echo. Good to know for the those like yourself.
@@jerseyjim9092 yes, my seat height is 3 and push seat almost all the way forward 😁
Can this be used as steady state cardio as well ?
Absolutely!
Do you ever stand while pedalling or is it best to be sitting? How hard do you find it to push in terms of resistance if you wanted to go for a longer consistent session?
I've tried standing but definitely not designed for that. Once you're up the arms just hit your legs making it super awkward. You essentially have full control over the resistance based on how fast you push it. I typically keep it around 20 to 21 speed and I can go for a long time.
Do you have to plug it into a wall outlet?
You do not.
Can u exercise on it standing up?
Completely missed this comment. Not really as the arms get in the way.
Been trying to get one for the past 3-4 months...restocks at the most random times smh
Did you sign up to receive restocking alerts? It does sell out in minutes. Hang in there.
Untapped Strength yup I signed up for it! It just happens to restock while I’m at work or driving home from work lol recruited an extra hand to help me get it, hopefully that works
@@chizz12 I had it in my cart ready to check out twice and it sold out before I could hit the buy button.
My advice get their app (Rogue) sign up for update and importantly have your credit card info saved so you can Buy it as soon as you get an update. It sells out in minutes, no exaggeration.
Ason thanks for the info! I hope you were able to get one. I FINALLY ordered one(had my sister keep an eye out for the restock and order it)! Pretty pumped haha
@@chizz12 Interesting, I just randomly went on there earlier today, it was available. It's the 2 bike that I didn't realize was in stock but had in cart for a bit, moved on as I have a rower and was looking around at the lower prices. So hopefully there is a such thing as BF this year.
hello , I like your video. I have one question. Can I set resistance level for this bike ? I would like to use it for slow pace and longer duration ride. I would like to drive it for 30 min easy tempo, but I am afraid it's gonna be too hard.
Hi there! Unfortunately there is no way to set the resistance level. It's a fan bike which means the harder you pedal the harder it gets. If you're looking for a bike that you can use for longer rides than i'd suggest either a spinning bike or an upright stationary bike. This bike is intended mostly for short high intensity rides or HIIT. Hope this helps.
@@untappedstrength7548 thanks for the answer. I would like to use this bike for both, HIIT and longer rides, 30min or so, heart rate around 40%. Do you think it's possible to do low-mid intensity ?
@@MegaTheJohny Absolutely. For HIIT, you're covered, for long rides its definitely possible as long as you take it nice and easy so you dont burnout. Overall you will get a heck of a full body workout. Also with repetition you will become more use to it and your body will adapt.
@@MegaTheJohny I think you're better off with the Concept2 Bike Erg. You can adjust the damper setting from 1 to 10 on the flywheel. It's very easy to pedal on the Bike Erg for 30 to 60 mins. I have both that bike and the Echo, Bike Erg all the way.
ua-cam.com/video/sDwvEc0FtE0/v-deo.html
Does anyone have issues with arms being slightly loose and wobbly?
Yes, many people have reported this. Just give the bolts on the arms more torque. The material is very stiff and may feel like you can’t apply more but trust me, it can take a lot. Just be sure to tighten both bolts a little at a time.
Hi there! I just did a quick video on an easy fix to the wobbly arms. ua-cam.com/video/-namTyz_-98/v-deo.html
Let me know if you find this helpful.
Untapped Strength thanks man! Liked and subscribed!
Nope
Rouge provides surprisingly decent assembly tools, but a 13mm socket & wrench are needed to achieve proper torque on the arms by alternating tightening each bolt until you can't get them any tighter.
How loud is that device? Can it be used in an apartment building, or does the sound go through a wall in a neighbor’s apartment?
Honestly It’s not too loud if you intend to pedal nice and easy. The noise level is mostly from the fan blades. I have a few videos where I pedal hard and you can definitely tell how loud it can get with short intense bursts. If you ever had one of those square window fans it sounds sort of like that. Hope this helps.
I just got mine it is amazing. Big bang for your buck. It's not loud at all.
@@untappedstrength7548 Thanks.
@@Tiger_Pawzzzzz Great. Thanks.
Can you use this bike for 20-30 workout instead of a stationary bike?
I posted this video on my channel a few weeks ago. let me know if this is helpful. be sure to follow for more. ua-cam.com/video/X5-QAOp1uBc/v-deo.html&ab_channel=UntappedStrength
I use it daily and I fucking hate it. It's an elite machine. Love hate relationship
Absolutely!
TLDR: Mostly Yes
I love and hate mine 😅😂
Are the arms wobbly on yours?
After the first couple of rides i did notice the right one was just a little so i just re tightened everything and now it seems to be fine. Just be sure to really tighten them well. Those bolts can take a lot of torque.
My arms were wobbly. Drove me nuts. I could not adequately tighten the bolts on the arms with the provided wrench. I had to use an impact driver to tighten the nuts sufficiently. Zero play and wobble in the handles now.
@@cjacoby75 Interesting. I have a good amount of wobble/play in the handles. I thought that's they way they were supposed to be.
I also have set mine up today and noticed the arms wobbling also.. so just more torque!
@@cjacoby75 Thats great to hear. How's it been so far with the arms?
Sea-sickness with that camera wobble
Haha, should’ve warned my viewers. Trying to improve my recording skills.
I crave the cold breeze on me as I ride
Same here.
Love this bike, nicely attached a piece of black yoga mat over the fan, used the two existing screws used for the very expensive wind guard I refused to buy and two twist ties and it worked perfect!!
What does this machine do for you? To me, it looks like a shit-designed, more expensive, larger, and heavier indoor bicycle. Just from watching others using it, I wouldn't accept one if you tried to give it to me.
It's not for everyone and every use case. It's mostly used for high intensity interval workouts or HIIT where you use more muscle groups e.g. arms and legs, to burn more calories in a short amount of time.
Have you used a air bike before?
@@untappedstrength7548have you notice any difference in your arms? Are you lean or or just muscley or toned. Thanks.
Of course it's ugly. It was designed by Lucifer himself. In Hell, you can't get off this thing.
I got it as an alternative to doing HIIT workouts on the treadmill. I typically did the 20 on 10 off x 8 tabata which was very intense. The treadmill stays running at a constant speed and incline so there is no way to slack off, it's either do or die. That's one big difference between the Echo and Treadmill, you can adjust your effort on the Echo which I think I like. I used to almost have a panic attack before starting my Tabatas on the treadmill.😀 The Echo also has some cool built in custom programs you can challenge yourself with. One popular one is the 50 calorie challenge where you see how quickly you can burn 50 calories. I don't do cardio for calorie burn, just for the cardio and fitness benefits but it's fun to have targets to aim for. I think if I could keep just one of my cardio machines it would be my Elliptical. It's great for steady state and ok for HIIT. But for a killer low impact HIIT workout in the convenience of your own home, I can't think of anything better than the Echo.