Designer Babies - The Problem With China's CRISPR Experiment
Вставка
- Опубліковано 21 лют 2019
- Get 2 months of Skillshare for FREE using this link: skl.sh/realengineering20
Thank you to Feng Zhang and the McGovern Institute for Brain Research for permission to use their 3D CRISPR Animations.
New vlog channel: / @brianmcmanus
Patreon:
www.patreon.com/user?u=282505...
Facebook:
/ realengineering1
Instagram:
/ brianjamesmcmanus
Twitter:
/ thebrianmcmanus
Discord:
/ discord
Get your Real Engineering shirts at: standard.tv/collections/real-...
Credits:
Narrator/Director: Brian McManus
Writer: Dr. Seán McManus ( / seanneedsanap )
Editor: Stephanie Sammann (www.stephanie-sammann.com/)
Animator: Mike Ridolfi (www.moboxgraphics.com/)
Sound: Graham Haerther (haerther.net/)
Thumbnail: Simon Buckmaster / forgottentowel
References:
1www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... (check)
2. www.nature.com/news/don-t-edi...
3.jb.asm.org/content/200/7/e005...
4.Mojica FJM, Díez-Villaseñor C, García-Martínez J, Soria E2005. Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements. J Mol Evol 60:174-182. doi:10.1007/s00239-004-0046-
5.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2...
6.www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf...
7.livestream.com/accounts/70363...
(data not currently published, all information taken from He Jiankui’s November 2018 talk on his work)
8. / 1068128997656207361
9.time.com/5469111/he-jiankui-sc...
Music by Epidemic Sound: epidemicsound.com/creator
Songs:
Organic Textures 1 - Johannes Bornlöf
I See Blue - Dye O
Thermal Horizon 2 - Gunnar Johnsén
Shadow Rest 3 - Emil Axelsson
Bermuda - Ooyy
Thank you to my patreon supporters: Adam Flohr, Henning Basma, Karl Andersson, Mark Govea, Hank Green, William Leu, Jason A., Chris Plays Games, Tristan Edwards, Ken Coltan, Andrew McCorkell, Ian Dundore, John & Becki Johnston. Nevin Spoljaric, Jason Clark, Christopher Lam, Deven Warren Rathbun. - Наука та технологія
Big thanks to my brother Dr. Seán McManus, who wrote this episode. He has a PhD in genetics, and I could not have made this episode without him.
That a in Sean tho. Can you be anymore Irish?
Does he know what would happen if one of the two had offspring?
you are great. you made these complicated topics sounds simple and easy to understand for me. thank you
Feels like I need a PhD to understand some of this video :(
make a video about hyper sonic missiles and since behind them please
That moment when you are literally designed and _Made in China._
People will accept the idea oneday, just like test-tube baby.
Ywandung Lyou Yeah but it has massive consequences compared to the test tube baby, it’s unbelievably complex. Horrible people could get their hands on this and could create deadly and uncurable pandemics, a sub-species of humans that we ourselves could never compete in any area whatsoever or it can fracture humanity in millions of ways. There are outstanding ways that we could die for millions of reasons, whereas the test tube baby only had protests against these because it was immoral. Again, genetics could kill us. But if we can use it correctly, maybe.
@@theorangeoof926 First, I am unsure that whether it is technically possible and affordable for criminal gang to do mass murder to human with gene modification techs. Second, if abuse of gene modification is not technically impossible, there should always be profiteers to invest such researches no matter that it is legal or not, given the great potential benefits, just like illegal drugs. However, if our governments do the investment and they get all the details of such tech before any profiteers, they may find a way to control the consequences.
And shortly after this video the Coronavirus spread like wildfire throughout China.
@@theorangeoof926 your prediction came true ... but this is scary .... and unethical
Oh my god I didn't notice my fricking face yesterday! Ah bud you're too nice. What an honour to have a cameo!
Medlife Crisis just thought the acid is still playin tricks on me & im hallucinating my favorite medicine dude into a vid of my favorite tech dude. Love both of u guys, u rock :)
@@lymphe Compare 1930s Nazi Germany Vs 2020s Communist Chinazi IN YOUR NEXT VIDEO Project before it's too late
Humanity just gained an extra Trait Point by unlocking Genetic Engineering tech
Stellaris fan?
We've known how to do this for decades. Now it's just cheaper to do due to CRISPR-cas9 stuff.
Better for purging xenos
@@Ub3rSk1llz they didn't do the societal research, they just did the event mission that gives them research progress +50%.
Let's be xenoohobic
Scientific community: “Do not edit the human germ line”
He Jiankui: “HoW bOuT I Do AnYwAy?!”
Why shouldn't he?
Dead meme that was never funny to begin with
If it means to get us closer to genetically modified cat girls, im all for it
My view on genetic engineering is neutral because I view it as both good and bad this open up new possibly to improve the human health and conditions but it also can be use for unfortunate stuff
@@DaniIhzaFarrosi or blue hair
You're doing *bioengineering* too now? Oh yes, I'm so ready for this! 🌿🧠
The human body is just a complicated machine.
anlumo1 that is a complicated machine that creates other complicated machines.
@@jenniferkhatchaturian8319 that will make more complicated machine
Bio engineering is the most interesting and difficult engineering
Change my mind
@@StratosTitan not even gonna try lmao
I like how CAS-9 looks for GG
*It’s almost symbolic*
I don't get it.
@@kaziislam2785
GG means good game in the video game world. In Counter Strike for example, everyone would say good game while the next map was loading. But in Starcraft it's something people say when they concede defeat. It's like tipping over your king in chess or tapping out of a fight. It's symbolic if you think of it like planet of the apes, and we're sowing the seeds of our own destruction.
cas-9 = C9
GG= Good Game
@@elibap2892 And what's C9?
I feel bad for everyone that doesn't get the gg joke
Scientists: "DO NOT EDIT THE HUMAN GENOME YET!!!"
China: *Wears airpods* "Yall hear sumn?"
China: *Wears fake airpods* "Yall hear sumn?"
@@ModernAdventurer LOL
Fuck!😂😂
@@ModernAdventurer lmao
goddem
Crisper babies? Just use corn oil.
I prefer snake oil
Oh Dear!
Peanut oil is the best.
lol!
@@carlosandleon XD!
Thank you so much! Until this video, the best explanations CRISPR CAS9 was that it “works by inserting the desired gene into the DNA of the host” or some such drivel. Your explanation finally helped me to understand what that means in practice.
That's what we aimed to do! Thanks for the comment
Km
Thats not true at all, you were just lazy to find out.
you couldve looked it up or watched a video explaining it any time...
Izar Schärf and Koh Terg actually I have looked it up and the answers I found were typically on either end of the scale of incomprehension but complete/ understandable but super simplified and basic.
"They were so concerned about if they could do it, they never stopped to think if they should" - guy from Jurassic Park
That guy was an idiot.
@@jaydani1996 How dare you speak of Jeff Goldblum that way.
@@drewsanvicente7137 i literally wished that guy was eaten up by the dinosaurs instead of that sweet lawyer.
fine, don't give your kids superpowers and disease immunity. no skin off my nose.
@@jaydani1996
Yeah he mutated him self with a fly
Controversial but extremely fascinating...
Comrade Doge Isn’t it ? I hope genetic engineering research won’t be set back by this
Almost thought this was a china uncensored video...
Hahaha Such comments keeps me alive
Me too!
Fingernail Clipper omg same
Truth
Me too lol
I'm holding out for a Supreme brand baby.
You make me want to puke.
Thank you
@@Direblade11 shut up bitch
Gucci toddler
Kanye kid
Can't wait to see how the fakes turn out.
I also am a PhD in genetics; big respect for making a detailed and well-researched video essay for common audience. This whole fiasco is what I think the extreme case of "too preoccupied with whether or not they could, they didn't stop to think whether they should."
They should... We all should... but the real issue is why we have not yet done that. Current health industry is actively blocking progress on genetic engineering BECAUSE it works soo well. Ususaly, governements would take a stand agains this sabotage, much like they have done with other life saving technolgies. But they won't, because all our govenements are bathed in lobby money. With western governements firmly under the control of companies, you essentially have a regulatory institution being controled by the entity they were suposed to maintain oversight on. As you can guess, bad things happen when this is the case. The problem is the added layer of miscomunication, misrepresentation and the manipulation of information, which leads the public to be completly oblivious of that, and in fact many directly supporting an agenda that is firmly against their own well being.
@@mobiuscoreindustries Sounds like a half baked conspiracy theory to me. Why would anybody be concerned that Kim Jong Un would use this to create a army of Super Solders and dominate the world.
@@Lone432345 doesn't really have to be north korea, any country crazy enough to do it like China could which isn't a great idea to just let them do it without opposition
Of course they should. Why tf do you even study genetics? You don't care in the slightest about helping people?
@@MrCmon113 Eugenics happen kid, you do realize what is this leading too????????????
Excellent presentation. BTY, one of the problems with CRISPR Cas9 technology that's not been discussed by anyone is that most inherited health problems are not genetic mutations, but are the result of underirably positoned epigenetic markers-methyl, phosphoryl and acetyl tags-that turn genes off and on.
Mosaicism is very unlikely to play a role in this context. Mosaicism represents mutations early in the blastocyst phase or earlier. However, the mutations were induced in the individual embryos at the 1 cell stage. Therefore, any mosaicism would be the result of mutations occurring AFTER the CRISPR-Cas9 mutations had already been implemented. Therefore, any mutation in CCR5 in the random sampling of cells from the blastocyst phase would almost certainly be the result of CRIPSR-Cas9, and therefore be a uniform mutation throughout the blastocyst.
The only other conceivable possibilities where mosaicism plays a role would be if the initial CRISPR-Cas9 mutation failed in the embryo, but a spontaneous mutation in CCR5 occurred in the sampled cell (which would be the same as the population's baseline mutation rate aka very very low), OR the initial CRISPR-Cas9 mutation was successful in the embryo, but a spontaneous mutation somehow perfectly fixed the mutation in an early division, resulting in mosaicism (now we're talking in the odds of one in a trillion).
Otherwise, a well done video!
oh shit, didn't think about that
"Several researchers who closely studied the slide caution that it may have done its editing after Nana’s embryo was already past the one-cell stage. That means she could be a genetic “mosaic” who has some unaffected cells with normal CCR5-and ultimately might have no protection from HIV."
Source: www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/08/did-crispr-help-or-harm-first-ever-gene-edited-babies
"Lulu has evidence of an off-target mutation in an intergenic region, and both babies appear to exhibit mosaicism in sequencing chromatograms (as pointed out on Twitter by Gaetan Burgio [Australian National University]). Importantly, neither baby carries the well-studied CCR5Δ32 variant protective against HIV"
Source: www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/crispr.2018.29039.spr
@@moonsparz me too buddy, me too
Scientists : Lets not edit the human DNA
China : Im gonna pretend I didn't -see- hear that
China?
Why not?
The government of China is pissed off at him.
China: "I'm sort of a geneticist myself."
To play devil's advocate: Science doesn't require approval, consensus or permission
Super awesome that you covered this subject, definitely would love to see more videos about this field of study
Best explanation and animations I've seen so far about this experiment. Great job! Especially the overview of the ramifications
Wow, this is by far one of the most interesting videos I have watched. It's such
a shame the government took over and now he's MIA. I'm not condoning
what he did, but you can't say you're not curious about those twins or what
will come of this experiment in the future
What is MIA?
@@dr.python Missing in Action
@@dr.python the chinese government probably kidnapped him.
@@reudigerwatchman6968 his probably dead now since his missing for 2 months.
Hector Vega why would government kill him?
I have a friend who rips holes in his Levis, so I guess you could say he's another person with altered jeans.
Lol
Someone won’t get this
Beautifully seamless seque into your sponsor segment there. Props to you!
I would live the chance to try this crispr gene editing
To remove my sod1 gene that has giving me motor neuron disease
Better then wasting away with no chance of cure
This is a surprising change of topic. But it is excellent. You do a great job of explaining the biology, technology and ethical issues around the work. The graphics are outstanding as well. Thank you!
Still a little deep for some of us thicker carpenters and roofers .
@Matthew Milone This comment is ill formed, not a scientific question, and is loaded with assumptions with no evidence. You raise important issues, but they are beyond the scope of this excellent presentation. I suspect that you are setting him up for an attack on scientism.
@@IETCHX69 You're not alone there. But this helped me a lot.But I could never do it.
@Matthew Milone It is not impossible to have a presentation like this, covering the science, and including the ethics of germ manipulation. It could go on from there to discuss what you want to get into, abortion But that is a very far stretch from the initial subject, and it would take an hour - at least - to do any justice to it. But that is not science. That is why it matters that the question is not one for science. I agree abortion is an interesting and important topic. But this isn't the place.
I need to ask you to expand on your claim that the presenter took an explicit ethical stance on either germ manipulation or abortion. I don't see it so I don't know how to respond.
I did look at the clip a second time in order to try and see your perspective. I found roughly 2 out of 12 minutes talked about the ethics of germ manipulation or what happened to the twins. There was nothing about abortion at all. If 1/6th of the material is a "significant proportion" to you, well ok. But none-the-less there is no bearing on the handling of the embryos. The discussion about them, around 7:45, is all about method.
Just one last point.I didn't say your comment was in IN-formted. I said ill-formed. That goes to how you set it up. You make a whole lot of assumptions and value judgement. If you unpack them you will fight they are all social and political questions that have no place, let alone an answer, here.
@Matthew Milone Thank you for providing the clarification of your view point and the sections you were referring to. I personally think you make a pretty large stretch when you reach for what the embryo might become down the road. The immediate issue is the status of the embryos and treatment of them at that time and place. While i'm no expert, these look to be 2 weeks old or less. You don't even have organs developing. You make a big assumption about an issue you would be hard pressed to make. I understand that you don't have time or place to do that here. But that is my point too, that it is beyond the scope of the presentation.
Our presenter did a nice job of outlining the social and bio-ethical issues surrounding this technology. But as I see it, he talked about standards and practices except where he talked about the twins. He did not delve into abortion or the issue of when life begins. It seems a reasonable thing to me that he take the current standards and laws on those issues as given.
Few things to consider:
1. The participants consented.
2. There were no WHO regulations at the time.
Ultimately, we all know that gene editing is going to be a regular thing in the future. Many of the world's biggest discoveries and advancements were due to individuals with a goal not waiting for permission first. His experiment though unethical in many ways, was perhaps needed as a catalyst to bring to attention gene editing on humans. This allows regulations specifically for human gene editing, but also accelerates our confidence with gene editing in general.
'Needed as a catalyst to bring attention to gene editing on humans'???? My guy people already knew about it, which is why people said we weren't gonna do it.
@@cactus7198 Bring to attention it's a reality and it is very real, rather than a speculative technology that ofc is unethical.
@@8Lightningbolt8 thing is, us biologists use gene editing as a pretty standard tool all the time, it's no big deal anymore. But for example, I work on plants, where literally nobody cares how many of them die or are deformed or such, so we have pretty much free reign what to do.
But even here, where we can generate specific, safe variations on natural phenotypes, that can be shown to be completely harmless for humans, most people on the street still don't want it, but they don't unterstand what they're talking about, it's all just about being against the bad, bad GMOs. And my greatest fear is that if ANYTHING goes wrong with these twins, this will ignite a movement that will set back genetic research for DECADES worldwide...
What I personally didn't like is that he didn't take all possible precautions in my eyes, like not implanting embryos that clearly showed another mutation than the one He was aiming for. And I also think RealEngineering misrepresented the facts a little bit... if you modify a cell stably, which is done by the CRISPR system, all decendants of that cell will have the same genetic makeup as the original one, so if He really modified the zygote successfully before its first division, every cell in their bodies should be modified as they are derived from there. If the sequencing of random cells of the blastocyst showed no sign of mosaicism, then it can't magically appear in the body later. And you don't have to sequence all cells, just enough to make reasonably sure it's unprobable that others might not share its genome. I really thought he as an engineer would know that much about statistics...
Simon Wu that has nothing to do with what i said but ok
@@midnight8341 I see what you mean about failure that would set us back big time. But that's with every novel venture. For example test tube babies were unethical in the 1960s. Newspapers and the scientific community alike were very adament that they would never be made a reality. However with a few scientists moving forward with test tubes babies anyways (which has a huge possibility failure), it allowed proper regulations to be made, specific for this new technique, rather than just a general guideline that it's "unethical", now with regulation there are millions of individuals that were born through test tubes.
Love it Engineering, AND Biology together at last!
check out biomimicry as well
That was the smoothest entrance I have ever seen into an ad
It's so rewarding to have subscribed to you!
You have made an amazingly entlightening video.
Thanks!
Someone has to do it
But should've done it better. With more ethics considered. With more safeguards. With more thought and consideration. He lacked that. Someone else could've done it a shitload better and safer.
@@revolver265 Who? Regardless of how much thought and consideration goes into it someone else could could have done it better and safer. Your criticism is unfair.
@@judgeomega
With heavy restrictions in this kind of research, people going underground and research in the dark is pretty much expected.
Ban that, and criminal and dictator elements see this as free real estate. Pun intended.
That's the thing, it is being done, albeit in a way that takes much longer, but one that doesn't mutilate humans. This is literal mad science what he has done.
@Hernando Malinche but God forbid if something goes wrong with the twins, that's unthinkable!
My opinion is we are too butt hurt to see through our ethics and emotional restrictions that we fail to see the bigger picture behind our little thumb where we literally break the same ethics a thousand fold.
We are capable to fix a lot of issues in the world ethically yet cannot collaborate to do so, this doctor might have a shot at saving millions. I bet you future generations will see him at worst if the experiment goes wrong as a sad failure or at best as a hero for not only saving millions but opening the door to who knows how much progress.
Here is an other kicker, what exactly is the US doing by going to wars? Even given to them that the enemy is entirely a terrorist group, you are still killing those terrorists for the betterment of the rest of us, no different from this
One thing with new technologies is that we only consider the risks and not the benefits from stuff. We could design people to have an higher IQ or have a better metabolism. We could eliminate hereditary disease entirely and many other diseases. The benefits are hard to overstate while the risks are moderate.
It's an opportunity to give meaning to the phrase "All men are created equal."
Cant wait in 20 years time when Lulu and Nana themselves come out and speak for themselves
People in China aren't allowed to "speak for themselves". Unless they're praising the CCP...
Consent is almost an illusion in this case, how can an embryo tell you whether it wants to be mutated or not
I’m kind of glad we got pushed into this era, we’ve known about this for over 30 years and it took this long to throw the dice. Saying that comes from the perspective of someone with a genetic disability, this technology is the only thing that would free me from its grasp. I hope there are no ill effects on the twins and that they lead us into a new age of medicine the better for it.
I hope insurances won't fuck with them is more likely. "No, sorry, your disease must have been created by that experiment. You cannot be covered."
@@sasukeuchiha998 Hopefully not, please no more social injustice.
I know this is controvertial, but I'd like for this technology to progress. I'd like for my children to not be sickwith any genetic diseases I or my partner might have
Yea, i do too, but still. The last thing we want is to turn the public against this technology. Like GMOs all over again.
@@deadcat6212 sadly, as natural selection is being almost completely eliminated from our society, we will need a way to purge sickness and weakness from our DNA by ourselves
then have you ever consider to donate your children or your fetus to be one of the scientist lab rat? it can speed up the progress somehow, what? no? you rather see other people suffer for the entire life in case of failure so that your children can be born as a superman? ....well I guess not then
@@electronresonator8882 have you watched the video?! the only thing these scientists need are few egg cells(which aren't even sentient btw) and that's enough for them to work their magic
@Harmen Liefhebber no, not really... unlike with other hightech branches, you don't really need expensive materials or such things to perform gene editing. Given, the tools themselves are pretty expensive, but as they are more commonly used and we need more of them, we're gonna produce them en masse, so they will become incredibly cheap.
With the current first experiments to UBI, it is pretty likely that in a few decades, everyone will be able to buy themselves gene editings to remove genetic diseases or disorders from their cells.
Everything that can be done, will be done. There are no boundaries, if we like it or not. Personally, I'm very excited.
Nature giveth and human rules taketh away. I would agree, nothing about gene editing is forbidden by the laws of nature, physics or chemistry. There will be horrific mistakes here and there but in the end we're talking about vastly accelerating human evolution.
@@CarFreeSegnitz the amount of genetic, debilitating diseases that will be treated and perhaps cured is staggering. I have a friend who suffers with ehlers danlos syndrome and I feel terrible. Honestly, I'd pay for any and all potential treatment using CRISPR cas9 for her condition.
People are more focused on personal opinions and feelings rather than science (on which I haven’t seen any since his work is being kept unpublished and secretive, for some reason). Some scientists warn us about the effects of something like this but won’t even provide the evidence on it. As a scientist, we NEED to see/read everything whether it works or not to see what we can, should, shouldn’t do, or what we should modify in order to get an experiment going.
I like how you slide the advertisement for skillshare into the video, very clever!
I think it is important to mention that this technique itself is not the scary thing here but rather how it was used. I see many people in the comments feeling bad about CRISPR but this is much more than just a way to enhance humanity. In the near future this could be used to prevent diseases caused by gene mutations, such as dwarfism (achondroplasia) or Marfan syndrome, and I think this is very exiting.
Scientific community: "You did a bad thing! Now, let us assess it"
I'm completely pro genetic engineering, it really does have the potential to save millions of lives. But it should be held to the same safety standards as any other medicine, and should go through equally rigorous, if not more so, clinical testing.
I hope they edit you so that you have a ass the size of a dumptruck that you will have to drag along the concrete to go to work everyday.
lol, so no standards then…At least in the US. Got a small cut? Here’s 100 Oxycontin pills…
clinical testing on what though?
Not in humans before we are sure, we can't even do this in animals
This is probably the most important episode you've done. We need to talk more about this. I took a class with Dr. Doudna (the "founder" of this technology) and this is our first real ability to literally edit the genes of living organism (not just embryos or microorganisms) in a very specific way. This and automation are going to revolutionize our society and there is not enough real planning on how we will deal with this....alot of it is "we'll deal with it when we get there." This video can hopefully get that ball rolling
"This technology hasn't been studied" "We need to do more research before we should experiment with this" "We don't know how this will affect things yet"
The comment section: THE FUTURE IS NOW OLD MAN
GearandaltheFirst well that’s not the case sadly, as the comment section is pretty much filled with racism.
@@jiaruiyan870 alright then
@dwh ah yes, replying to a comment posted more than 1 year ago without accounting for the fact that many of the racist comments may have been removed. Great job buddy
GG everyone
Well played.
God giving you that BM after you get infected with HIV :|
I love the way you segway into the advertisements.
As a cellular-molecular biologist that uses the CRISPR-Cas9 system, I can say the quality of the scientific content presented was amazingly accurate! Amazing job at digesting an incredibly complex topic (scientifically and ethically) into such an informative piece!
It was written by a doctor of genetics. I'd hope it was correct. 🤷♂️
wow this is the earliest i've been checking out what the comment section has to say about this
6:45 I knew I had GTA in my genes ... :-)
Your passive-aggressiveness and frustration/disdain/disgust/anger is palpable throughout all of this is amazing. It sounds like you are seething as you are speaking, but for obviously very valid reasons
where was this video when i was doing a school project on CRISPR/ Cas9. excellent video very thorough .
I imagine publicity like this occurring 100-150 yrs ago with the rise of vaccines and antibiotics.....
You mean like when the inventor of the first vaccine infected multiple unknowing children with a deadly illness, if he was wrong he would have killed a lot of children.
@@therocketman4494 "The hardest choices require the strongest wills"
- A Stone Collector
@@alamrasyidi4097 I suggest you check out the history of Josef Mengele before championing unethical experimentation on humans.
"The experiments he performed on twins included unnecessary amputation of limbs, intentionally infecting one twin with typhus or some other disease, and transfusing the blood of one twin into the other. Many of the victims died while undergoing these procedures, and those who survived the experiments were sometimes killed and their bodies dissected once Mengele had no further use for them"
@Joe Blow they do have issues, but that's can be fixed. However, unlike genetic altercation, vaccines aren't invasive and are working, and frankly its better to catch a mild version of something like measles (if they use a weaken form of the virus) much much earlier when it can be easily monitored and controlled than get everyone infected and potentially killed later
well going by that model give it 20-40 years and national genetic modification of humans will be a matter of national prestige... if your citizens aren't GM you live in a third world hick state that is stuck in the last century
As long as it will make 'Genetically Modified Cat-girl' more possible, im all for it
Not the paws though, that's gross
@@Direblade11 of course mate who the fuck is asking for catgirls with paws?
@Adromedox beastiality?
Theyre just upgraded humans with better hearing(cat ears) ×D
@Adromedox this guy doesnt neko anything.
I still want to be able to fuck an alien.. Something like Liara from Mass Effect would be great, China...
After a 9 month internship of performing CRISPR in plants I can say that this is a well perfomed explanation. Your brother (and you) did an excellent job in explaining it in an accurate but clear way. I might even use this video to explain the technique myself since CRISPR in plants is gaining popularity rapidly but it's still illegal to sell GMO plants in the EU even though the effects of consuming GMO plants is studied intensively. I think it's because a lack of understanding what a GMO really is and this video may help in explaining that to the 'common folk'.
Cool. Keep going. Push the boundaries!
To be fair I would lie if I said that did not consider to geneticaly improve my children...
Nobody From Nowhere i dont like my child so i am going to change his dna to suit my needs
@@mftripz8445 Sounds like Child Abuse.
@@mftripz8445 you make my day
@@Lone432345 yup it does, doesn’t it
Dr. He Jiankui was sentenced to three years in prison for this work, on 30 December 2020. He was also fined 3 million RMB. His two primary collaborators received lesser fines and sentences.
You have advanced my understanding of this issue with this fantastic vid!! Thanks brother!!
I really would love to see this technique work!
America makes new stuff: New technology fascinating experiment
China makes new stuff: BIG PROBLEM
Humans aren't 'stuff'
I think we should be performing these kinds of experiments on much larger scales personally
This is the new discovery channel. So awesome.
I'd be interested in watching a follow up explanatory episode hosted by Dr. McManus
When I first saw the thumbnail I thought it was a Wendover Productions video for a sec.
The closest episode to Genome Science. Thank you R.E
Very existing 😤
Genome editing is not the only aspect in genome science, Disease Biomarkers for example are also very interesting (covering it would be much more interesting)
Yes, this episode is very much existing.
It wasn’t that existing. Other videos exist a bit more in my opinion.
Yeah, I hope the next video is a little more existing too.
This video was a bit too existing for my taste. I personally prefer videos that exist less.
HIV is still a top ten cause of death in many countries. Living with HIV is also has significant downsides.
He Jianku lived in a village 30% of whose people have HIV. He saw parents giving up their children to relatives outside the village to avoid infecting them.
He Jianku's conference presentation has the ethical issues mixed throughout the interview and question and answer period starting at about 1 hour and 28 minutes of the video.
He claims a 0.5-2% risk of fathers infecting HIV-free children: a small open cut or sore of some while handling food, washing dishes or in any other way handling the child.
Babies could end up swallowing various things or licking surfaces. This is a valid concern for the family unless the children are made HIV immune because otherwise they would be living with the risk of valid risk of HIV infection.
He Jianku clearly believes he is helping the 30 families who were brought into the trial program.
He does believe that he is helping the couple who are the parents of these children. He has compassion for these people and their situation. There was a situation which was improved by making the children potentially HIV Immune.
The proper informed consent was obtained. The educated and informed parents made an informed decision to proceed with implanting the edited eggs versus untreated eggs. The parents had a passionate belief that their children would be better and safer with HIV-immunity and that they were avoiding non-trivial health risks.
Does our outrage stem from the fact that a Chinese doctor performed the procedure first?
What a time to be alive!!!!
Human genetic engineering is like GMO crops, antibiotics, or any other powerful technology. the ethics of the situation is irrelevant, all that matters is capability. genetic engineering is going to keep pushing forward regardless of the dangers. at the end of the day if we can & theres a benefit we will keep going. kinda scary but such is life
Antibiotics are extremely dangerous and are becoming an epidemic
@@KorvekKorborjordordon Correction, the overuse of antibiotics is dangerous. its widespread use in livestock is dangerous. its improper use by the public(unfinished ab regiments/hand sanitizers) is dangerous.
Its use to combat lethal or virulent diseases like blood infections, flu, plaugue, & TB is invaluable. Also alongside several other problamatic techs(ie synthetic fertilizers) it is responsible for the miniscule death rate & the existance of at least 6 billion humans soooo...
@@virutech32 the flu is caused by the influenza virus, antibiotics don't work against viruses... also it has been shown in the last 50 years over and over again that GMO crops are perfectly safe for consumption
@@midnight8341 fair cop on that first part. as for the second my point was that the tech was powerful not bad. the only real downsides ive heard associated with GMO crops is reduced biodiversity but that could be argued for any plant cultivated in large monocrop fields.
@@virutech32 yeah, that really is more of a downside of monoculture farming... I guess with better GM crops, we can even decrease the area we need for our food production or bio fuels and increase the area dedicated for conservation of nature and biodiversiy.
If genetic engineering gets popular, people will get so smart they will see your segues into the sponsor coming from minutes away. MINUTES AWAY!
I honestly couldn’t see this NOT happening sooner or later. There’s simply too much for countries, families, individuals, etc. to gain
That was a very smooth transition to sponsors.
now every baby in china are gonna look like xi xing ping :v
*Xi Jinping
Probably XD
Even baby gonna label as made in China
So sad that nobody remembers the spaniard geneticist Francis Mojica who discovered and named CRISPR.
aww man, the transition to the Advertisement was as smooth as a fine scotch! :P
The Mad Titan said it best - "The hardest of choices require the strongest of wills"
Such scientist don't have that!
they have evil wills '-'
About time if you ask me,I mean it's going to be done eventually, and understand the current political climate, there is no way for it to be approved anytime soon
He did do it first but he failed their not aids proof their actualy moor liable voor a diffrent disease
So... When *should* we start editing genes. Should we ignore some of our ethics to make our research more effective?
Yes. They're Abrahamic ethics. Religion has no place in research.
We would need to start eventually, since the "natural laws" apply to us less and less. Natural selection rarely works, because the world is WAY less dangerous. And, 90% of the mutations are harmfull, 9% are neutral and 1% positive. Eventually it would become a problem, BUT NOT NOW. The last thing we want, is to ruin a reputation of a technology, like with GMOs.
@TheWeeaboo
Because they care about PR.
@@unintentionallydramatic Neither does experimenting on unconsenting people.
I think it could be a real game changer on a pharmaceutical level. Just imagine you could make a baby that is immune to viruses and diseases like the common flu. It would save many lives and if it actually works, it can be inherited too so we would only need to apply CRISPR technology to one generation unless we would like to add/change smth. Think designer babies or simply wanting our bodies to be more efficient, cure diabetes or inherited obesity.
However, I do think of movies like Children of Men when it comes to this kinda stuff. Something tells me that if we start fucking around with our genetic make up, it will probably backfire and perhaps might lead to our extinction. In nature, species evolve slowly and often they advance rather rapidly under cultivation (think of vegetables, which have changed significantly because of agriculture but also Dutch which have grown significantly taller and more beautiful because of an abundance on food and dairy). If we want to progress as a species, we should rely on things that can change us from the outside instead of tempering with ourselves. It isn't something inherent to Abrahamic religions, it's something that could cause to scientifically backed superiority, fascism, Brave New World type of scenario's and as I'm concerned humans are already quite fucked up and it's already hard enough to attain freedom and equality for each and every one of us. Wouldn't it be better trying to solve some of our problems without being so reliant on technology? That's my two cents on this topic.
For those, who are interested, knocked out CCR5 has also been shown to significantly increase memory in mice and correlated with faster stroke recovery and enhanced cognitive function in humans in 2016. I'm sure at least some significant pieces of this story don't reach the public in general and the West in particular.
I, for one, am strongly in support of this. Create superhumans as soon as you can! It's absolutely unbelievable to me that we have for some reason barred ourselves from this research. Imagine where this research can lead... it's amazing
Immortality!!
First off it isn’t magic. And doing it as he jianku did as soon as possible without any testing is extremely risky and dangerous. As for immortality that might actually be possible but it still would take research of what genes to edit and what editing those genes cause when changed.
Or it can cause some genetic issues which can affect millions of people in 15 generations.
unfortunately you couldn't do that to grown human
@@dreadfulbodyguard7288 it's like a huge risk bet
9:15
Finally! Something I understand.
xD
This video has been blacklisted by the Department for Totally Ethical Scientific Experimentation on Absolutely Willing Subjects of the People's Republic of China
Editing human Gene's might become necessary with the overuse of antibiotics in cattle which would lead to super bugs to ensure we don't all die off from what were once somewhat harmless germs.
"Your scientists were so preoccupied with whether or not they could, they didn’t stop to think if they should."
They should we need to pause the boundaries and better ourselves.
So these twins could learn faster then anyone on Earth or be dumber then rocks
There are so many different parameters that can get "randomized" that you can be sure that changing only one would still have little impact on the outcome in this case. On the other hand, a misunderstanding of the role of ccr5 in human species can lead to a negative surprise on the outcome. Nevertheless, as much as unethical as this is, there's still some value to this madness of an experiment.
they should remove the girls uteruses to prevent reproduction for now
@@carlosandleon not sure what's the least ethical between that and genetically engineering them...
The genes edited related to HIV so they should be resistant to HIV.
Around 5:10-5:30
@@speedy01247 "should be" but in genetics there isn't a one to one mapping of gene to feature. ccr5 may perform other functions we dont know about.
To keep babies crispr you need to keep them hot until you are ready to serve them, or reheat them just before serving. You also need to blot the grease, which can contribute to sogginess. Place the oven rack in the center of the oven. Preheat the oven to 300 degrees Fahrenheit And go to skillshare for the mean time/
Dark, but funny.
My son is a genetic researcher working in this exact field and I just wrote the most important essay in my life and someone deleted it the moment i finished it after hours of typing, and nearly 20 edits. I have re-written a portion above.
That segueway was smooth, *real smoooth*.
Ian Malcolm: Your scientists were so preoccupied with whether they could, they didn't stop to think if they should.
Razor Truth man. Whole lot of consequences, People are blinded, thinking this is 'progress', not lookin at what could happen.
He who dares wins, why is it any less with evolution.
Love it! Bring on the mutants!! Thank you Dr He for pushing the boundaries of scientific discovery.
@jordan mackenzie why? Being anti disease and pro evolution is sinful?
@@darrenstettner5381 more like being pro hybris.
@@darrenstettner5381 what if it's used by a totalatarian regime to make super Soldiers
@@kolo280 that sounds like it’d be pretty sweet. What would be super about them?
Wasn’t there also a guy in America who tried to used CRISPR and make it as “easy as downloading an app” but it didn’t work and I think he’s also a UA-camr and has a lot of CRISPR
Real Biology!
Legit though, you're far better than our biology teacher.
U summed everything up in 5 seconds!
I know you said "OFF LIMITS" in English, but how about in Mandarin?
I was impressed by the depth of knowledge displayed in this video. The Chinese rule that twins are not to be studied sounds like a generally good rule (twins are notorious targets for scientific experimentation, see Josef Mengele), but in this case the experimentation has already taken place, it should be possible and particularly useful to follow up on them in an ethical way.
Now that was a smooth transition..
Nice smooth transition to the ad. 🤔
Alabama 2 is gonna be lit. Hype is real
Sweet Home Guangdong
You just know that the Chinese government gave him the permission to go ahead and try it lol
he was arrested
My teacher makes us do reports on science, and I don't remember if I did this one, but I at least remember reading about it.
Nice job with the thumbnail on this one
well ladies and gentleman, we got ourself the first prototype of the clone army/ super soldier
I need a genetic modification so my anus can clench even tighter.
Arr! This guy was a pirate in a former life 😉 Awesome video btw
After seeing "Blade Runner" in 1982 and having to read Aldous Huxley's "Brave New World" I wanted to be a Genetic Engineer and I remember a filmmaker of from Wayne, New Jersey named Gary Pranzo who said with a staccato accent "designer robots would be the only way to have girlfriends of fantasies".
However, I did eventually teach a neighbor boy how to use electrophoresis via 9 volt batteries to extract DNA and how to modify an AM/FM radio to electroporate transfect DNA into living tissue.
Great video as usual.