Your research on Marxist-Leninism is pretty poor. There's nothing called "Communism with Chinese characteristics". Mao was a follower of Marxist-Leninism and was pro-Stalin whose ideas involved socialism in one country. Mao's own experience of using peasants to do revolution formed the basis known as Marxist-Leninist-Maoism which is the idea that the proletariat that is most revolutionary isn't the working class of the industrial nations as Marx predicted but rather the peasants of poorer countries. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has nothing to do with Mao, It was Deng Xiaoping's attempt to justify market reform as still be relevant to socialism but is rejected by alot of Marxist-Leninists as heresy.
Well, in regard to what you said about the reds having Japanese equipment, Actually both sides were actively stockpiling Japanese equipment and POWs. Why? Because these were some of the best equipment in the region (bar the later increase of US and USSR supplies) and most technically educated personnel A good amount of Japanese POWs were kept by both the Nationalists and CCP after the war, and a lot of them were impressed into Nationalist and CCP regiments when the 2nd civil war broke out. Since the Japanese slaughtered a good about of the native Chinese Pows during WW2 most of these regiments- including remnant of the Kwantung Army were deployed in areas of heavy attritional fighting. They also served as some of the best doctors and technicians in the CCP and Nationalist army. A great number of them would die in the heavy grind. Following the war, the victorious Chinese Communist government began repatriating Japanese prisoners home, though some were put on trial for war crimes and had to serve prison sentences of varying length before being allowed to return. The last Japanese prisoner returned from China in 1964. After the war they were repatriated back to Japan but they were not welcomed and were seen lost souls or outright as traitors. A random but I think meaningful detail is that if you go to a lot of communist steles and memorials there are a lot of Japanese names carved on the steles. They were still categorized as veterans of the revolution. Quite a number of them came back to visit mainland during the 70s and 80s (ironically under the moniker of "comrades") Lynch, Michael: The Chinese Civil War 1945-49 Straus, Ulrich (2003). The Anguish of Surrender: Japanese POWs of World War II. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
At that time, CCP judged people by their class not nationality and most of Japanese soldiers, POW, technicians from the families of peasants and workers.
Several Things to be clarified ( considered common sense in contemporary studies of this period of history) 1. Japanese Invasion stopped KMT from concentrating on eradicating CCP in 1937, thus, in a way, saved CCP from total extinction 2. USSR(Stalin) kept helping KMT, all the way thru, till 1945. Stalin is a cold gambler; he bet on KMT and CCP at the same time, in the goal to make China capable of stoping Japanese taking over Far East Part of Russia. 3. CCP hence has this harsh feeling against USSR from the beginning, ( apart from ideological reasons as mentioned in the video). 3. Stalin helped build up China’s industrialization, after seeing China’s though performance in Korean War. We can say that the spirit China demonstrated during 1951-1953 have shown Stalin that its a capable ally, worth investing in.
What's more, the Communist Party's army is more popular with the people than the KMT army, because they have good discipline and don't take things from the common people. KMT's army often robs the people, and high-level corruption is very serious. As time goes on, the people believe in the Communist Party more and join their army
The decline of the Qing Empire was due to far more than “European intervention” For example, during the Taiping rebellion, the bloodiest civil war in history, the Qing actually received a lifeline from European intervention. Aside from internal conflicts and mismanagement, one cannot overlook the impact of the first Sino-Japanese war.
European supported Qing instead of heretic Taiping because Taiping wanted to abolish all unequal treaties which threatens their trade privileges in China. However, Qing was willing to abide these treaties thus receiving aid from European.
@@MGustave The Taipings might be religious zealots, but they are one of the most benevolent peasant rebellion of the entire Chinese history. Many previous peasant rebellions in China, especially the Ming dynasty ones, would massacre whole towns, robbing civilians and raping women almost on a daily basis. While the Taiping had made similar rules to the Communists army, they would execute a soldier even if it's a minor crime against civilians such as doesn't pay money when buying from civilians. The Taiping also allowed women to become government officials. Both the KMT and CCP spoke very highly of the Taiping as a predecessor revolutionaries.
Without European influence, there might not have been a Taiping rebellion. Taiping rebellion was a Christian cult which in turn resulted from European missionaries activities in China.
That book THE RAPE OF NANKING sure is a very depressing and sad historical account to read. In 2016 I visited Nanjing. The Massacre Museum is very impressive, yet it has its propagandic values. It is very interesting how in Chinese history museums the war against Japan is very broadly shown, yet the post WW II period becomes more and more propagandic as the years pass. The disastrous Great Leap Forward is described as just 'a challenging period for the Chinese people'. A big euphimism I'd say. Great video!
claiming it has "propagandic values" is pretty chauvinistic. no wonder westerners are despised over there. the shit you say is so disrespectful and bigoted.
It's because the rape of Nanking didn't happen under the CCP, otherwise they'd hide that too. They show it because it was made by their enemies. Their own atrocities were perpetrated by the party, so it cannot be shown. It is just sold as a period of struggles that have been overcome solely by the power of the CCP.
Correction: at the beginning of the civil war, CCP only had at most 1.3 million troops (the PLA) with less equipment. However, KMT has over 4.3 million troops armed by the US made equipment. PLA having over 3 million troops was actually in the end stage of the civil war.
@ Your comment reeks of ignorance that has got anything to do woth military tactics. The Long March took place during the Fifth Encirclement Campaign pursued by the Nationalists against the Communists in their revolutionary base area of Jiangxi. Knowing that a full, head-to-head battle with the Nationalists would be akin to defeat and annihilation of the Communist movement, the decision was taken to enact a general, tactical retreat from Jiangxi to Yenan, in the North. This killed two birds woth one stone: not only did the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army escape destruction at the hands of the Nationalists but they were able to show their commitment to fight againat the invading Japanese who had by then occupied Manchuria and renamed it Manchukuo and ran it as a puppet state with the last Chinese monarch, Puyi, as its ruler. A tactical retreat is not a sign of incompetence or weakness, child, it is a sign of knowing what do in adverse military situations. Read some Sun Tzu.
@ And lastly, if you search for examples of tactical military retreats in history, you would find plenty. The Long March is unique purely because of its scale and the number of difficulties it had to encounter in its path of successfully executing it.
@ Lol. This is a documentary on historical events and yet you claim that there is no need for a list of historians who comclusively contradict your claims? Anti-scholarly dimwits like you are no one to ask anybody to stop pointing out the truth. But yes, the history taught in the West is a joke so I don't blame you if you were taught shitty history lessons in school and college. The Second United Front was created well after the completion of the Long March and the Communists had managed to establish and consolidate their revolutionary base area in Yenan. And it is completely untrue that the Communists did not commit troops for the the Second United Front. You are conveniently forgetting the Eighth Route Army (numbering at about 6,00,000) and the New Fourth Army (numbering at about 10,000 men in 1937) were units of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China that were raised by the Communist Party of China from among units of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The Eighth Route Army was commanded by Zhu De and Peng Duhai; while the New Fourth Army had a string of notable commanders like Ye Ting, Xiang Ying, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi and Su Yu. Aww. Rana Mitter, you say? At the beginning you said that there was not any need for any historians and yet you refer to a historian to make your narrative a tenable one. And for every word your white crusader has to say, I can quote ten more competent historians who contradict your anti-communist hogwash. If you had any idea how much the Kwantung Army tried to invade and subdue the Communists entrenched within Yenan, you would not have said this. In my language (Bengali) we have a word for people like you. It is বোকাচোদা, and although it literally translates to as "dumbfuck", it actually captures the characteristic of folks like you: proud bombasts who know nothing and yet they would still dare to fuck around like headless chickens.
@Matro Aww. And yet your dear Chiang Kai-shek thought that it is more important to fight against the Communists rather than against the Japanese when they invaded and occupied Manchuria in 1931. History is not on your side, either narratively or in historical fact. So fuck off.
The 2nd united front was even more unstable than you described. There was many documented small battles fought between the Nationalists and the Communists WHILE Japan was still invading china.
Can you make a video about the Central American Crisis when major civil wars and communist revolutions erupted in various countries in Central America in the midst of the Cold War?
Seriously, with hair like Mao's it's a wonder how he got any followers at all. I mean, I've seen enough movies to know that the guy with the best hair wins.
Can't help noticing that a lot of the historical video clips used while the narrator is talking were actually from the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, showing Japanese planes dropping bombs on Chinese cities while the narrator is talking about Communist and Nationalist forces fighting. So that might lead the audience to think that the video clips were from the civil war conflicts. The one with the baby crying on the ground? That's the result of Japanese bombing on Chinese cities. Not from the civil war. It's a very iconic and famous scene from the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. Just thought I would point out for the benefit of the other viewers. Thanks.
One problem that becomes painfully clear when you have to use the term "Communist" in two contradictory ways in a single remark, is the lack of dillineation between socialist ideologies in common Cold-War related discourse. Simple use of the term Marxism-Leninism for the Soviet Bloc (or later Marxism-Leninism-Maoism for countries like China and Albania specifically) would easily help to give them the same amount of ideological nuance as is given to typically capitalist nations with their broad liberalism but more specific electoral tendencies of conservativism, social liberalism, social democracy, etc. Trying to instead define their ideologies through arbitrary economic distinctions between planned and market economies is nonsense, especially given the Western model of Mixed-Market economies (since pure market economies simply don't currently exist) and completely ignores tendencies like Yugoslavia's Market Socialism, which was both socialist and market based, with workplace democracy acting as the means of social control. Love the show, I just think the oversimplification of ideological tendancies, although convienent in the short term, is in the long term detrimental to the development of any kind of deep understanding on the topic, especially one where ideology played such a fundamental role.
A.E.M. I agree with your point, but it should be noted that neither the PRC or Albania followed Marxism Leninism Maoism. The ideology of China was Marxism Leninism Mao Tse Tung Thought, and whilst Albania also split from the Soviet Union and held it to be an imperialist power, Hoxha also split from the PRC, criticising Mao at length. Marxism Leninism Maoism wasn’t an ideology up until the 1980s where the Communist Party of Peru (Shining Path) upheld it as a new stage of Marxism, and is a little more than just ML+Mao like ML Mao Tse Tung Thought is.
@@bomb-de-dyl Great reply, I'm generally aware of the ideological history of the PRC in theory and praxis as well as the Hoxha split which lead to Hoxhaism being adopted, thus the use of the rough term "later" when describing them and their ideologies. Although, I must conceed the distinctions between Mao-Ze-Dong thought and Maoism is very vague to me as I only know a few MLMs and mainly associate with Libertarian Socialists and MLs, so I appreciate that, as this is really helpful for adding more nuance to my comment before for anyone who's interested. Anyways, this just serves to greatly demonstrates just how important it is to get this information right in any discourse on the Cold War, as well as it's significance in geopolitical and historical terms. (Especially when thinking about examples like Yugoslavia or the aforementioned Albania)
A.E.M. The main difference between ML MZT and MLM is that ML MZT is basically just ML applied to China, although other groups abroad did call themselves that it was more just anti revisionist ML that sided with Peking not Moscow. Although of course Mao did add things like New Democracy, Cultural Revolution etc to MLism. Whereas MLM is a universally applicable theory, which takes MZT as it’s kernel and fleshes it out into a more developed ideology. For instance, if we take Marxism Leninism to be Marx + Lenin but formally theorised as MLism by Stalin, then MLM is Marx+Lenin+Mao but formally theorised by The Shining Path. That’s dumbing it down a little but yeah.
Of course it is a personal choice, but I think using pinyin romanisation over wade giles is more appropriate when discussing the PRC period of history.
As you are dealing right now with the early stages of the Cold War, it would be good to do a video on the Greek Resistance and Civil War along with the Communist Movement in the Armies of the Near East during the 2ndWW.
The reason why KMT lost the war was because they were corrupted and incompetent as hell. KMT army had better American equipment and number superiority at first, but they were very corrupted and incoordinated due to different factions in army. The economic situation was totally in ruins, the inflation rate after WW2 was so bad that even the middle class in big cities could't live a normal life under the rule of KMT, no mentioning those peasants and working class. In contrast with KMT, CCP started a land reform in rural area which improved the life of farmers, and stabilized the economy in cities they liberated so that industries and business could operate. CCP had won the heart of peopl, then won the war.
CCP, like all communist and Socialist governments do not, and can not handle reforms. Or lack of control, their lack of trust in mankind. Is so extreme and it's own form of corruption. Even with a governmental collapse it will take China generations(look at Russia currently). To be a first nation, as it should be. The rape of China first by The Europeans, then the U.S., Then the Japanese. I feel, China is just starting to recover from. A collapse of Chinese or U.S. economies chould and would start a bigger cycle of problems..... War would do the same thing.
@@knutdergroe9757 Though Communism governments have many inherent problems, I shall say that the reform CCP started after Mao's death is pretty successfully handled, looking back from 4 decades later in 2019. Its slowdown surely would bring trouble even wars to the world. Let's hope this does not happen.
Operation Ichi-Go is an operation conducted by the Japanese Army on the Chinese mainland from April 17th to December 10th, 1944 during the Sino-Japanese War. It was the last major offensive of the Japanese Army, which caused the National Revolutionary Army to be hit hard and affected during the Chinese Civil War. However, on the other hand, the United States is also mediating the conclusion of the Double Tenth Agreement with Chiang Kai-shek in order to avoid a civil war. According to a study by Barbara W. Tuchman, the results of this operation had a more significant impact on the subsequent war situation than the Japanese had imagined, and had a decisive impact on Japan's fate. According to it, Franklin Roosevelt has consistently strongly trusted and supported Chiang Kai-shek since the beginning of the war, and encouraged him in the war against Japan so that he would not drop out of the Allies in a single peace with Japan during the Cairo Conference. However, he said that he changed his mind because the front of Chiang Kai-shek collapsed due to this operation. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek has not been invited to important Allied conferences ("Yalta Conference" and "Potsdam Conference") since then. According to the Stilwell document, Roosevelt said, "Can China win?" Stilwell said, "There is no choice but to eliminate Chiang Kai-shek." During the 1944 Hengyang battle, he could not sleep at night and twice. He says he thought about suicide. The American side also planned to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek, and three methods of "poisoning", "aircraft incident", and "pretending to be suicide" were considered, but it was canceled in 1944 due to changes in the international situation such as Burma. The successor that the United States envisioned is Sun Fountain. As Roosevelt's Chief of Staff George Marshall and General Joseph Stilwell have long insisted, Chiang Kai-shek's army is actually a demoralized and corrupt organization that does not form an army. It became clear that he had no desire or ability to fight with the United States and other Allied forces. As a result, President Roosevelt changed the scenario of the operation against Japan from the conventional bombing of Japan and other countries from the air bases of mainland China to the one that MacArthur and others claimed to occupy the islands of the Pacific Ocean one after another. China was dismissed at the Yalta Conference, and the Allied nation's footsteps were disturbed, with angry Chiang Kai-shek presenting a peace plan to Japan against the will of the United States. The Japanese Operation Ichi-Go attack left the National Revolutionary Army with 750,000 casualties. This caused the Kuomintang to lose to the Communist Party in the civil war. China would not have been dominated by the dictatorship Communist Party if it had made peace with Japan and cooperated in protecting it from communism.
Map mistake - Sun Yatsen was based in Guangzhou/Canton, not in the north - after Sun died, Chiang took the lead and launched Sun's planned Northern Expedition. It was during the midst of the Northern Expedition that Chiang decided that the Communists were a threat.
@@tomau0506 Well the british wanted their 90% influence in Greece based on the Percentages agreement, and I think the civil war would fall under the cold war becuase it didn't end until a few years after WW2 and both the soviet union and the uk helped the communist and democratic forces respectfully.
Three Kingdoms period(220-280 AD):There won't be other Civil Wars just as exiting as three kingdoms in Chinese history. Chinese Civil War(1927-?????AD): HOLD MY WINE Also nice choice of music especially the 3K Total War soundtracks.
Great video I have subscribed to your channel. However you made a mistake, the current government of Taiwan does not claim it is the government of China. They are the government of Taiwan. Keep up the good work. I use your videos with my students in Taiwan.
Given how China was severely divided and rural lacking hard industry and heavy weaponry over the Japanese the Chinese managed to hold their own very well after the initial successes of the Japanese army
College students from China said: your statement of China's civil war is very correct. I also want to talk about my own views on the history of the motherland. China is facing countless difficult choices in the turmoil of the 20th century. The CPC can win the civil war under the condition of backward economy and population because their leadership is firm and knowledgeable enough. It is hard for you to imagine that many of the leadership of the party leading workers and farmers are the descendants of bureaucrats and rich peasants, including the old warlords who want to save the country and the group of students returning from western studies. This group is very advanced without people's stereotyped backwardness and ignorance. Chiang Kai Shek and his interest groups would only squeeze the people more seriously than the Japanese aggressors. He pushed the intellectual group, national capitalism and all the classes and groups that originally supported him to the opposite of him-- From translation software, there may be syntax errors.
Its worth noting that due to the isolation, most younger people in Taiwan no longer care about claiming ownership the entire land of both Chinas (The PRC and ROC), and identify as Taiwanese in an independent Republic of Taiwan. However, most people are also against claiming it officially due to potential WW3. On the other hand, big China, the PRC, still to this day threatens to use force to unify/annex Taiwan into the fold.
Actually, Chinese civil war never officially ceased as neither part disclaims exclusive legitimate representation of both the mainland and islands of China.
@@orbitalmoving8717 "officially," yet officially, according to most of the world, Taiwan is a province of China, yet that is meaningless claim that doesn't have basis in reality. It has a basis in political practice, but nothing in terms of the day-to-day lives
After the end of WW2, both the Chinese Nationalists and the Communist used Japanese POW soldiers and utilized their equipment to fight each other during the Civil War. The Japanese officers help trained the Chinese Communist air force and their infantry units and played a role in helping them gain large swath of nationalist territory. It's a reason why Mao Zedong thanked the Japanese after the end of the civil war for helping unite China under communism
Not sure about the accuracy of your video around the 5:45 mark. The KMT was in a stronger position directly following the end of WWII; I believe the communists controlled roughly 1 million troops to the KMT’s 2 million. Over time the proto-PLA grew in terms of both manpower (as the KMT became unpopular due to corruption) and armament (as the USSR made certain that most Japanese troops in Manchuria surrendered their equipment to the CCP rather than the KMT). This is according to “The China Mission” by Daniel Kurtz-Phelan, which discusses the run up to the civil war from the perspective of General MacArthur’s failed mission to broker peace between the two sides of the conflict.
Mao was not from farmer family, but a middle class scholar. Mao was a librarian at Peking University before founding CCP. Early CCP members are all from middle class or even upper class families.
You should have mentioned the Soviet aide to communists with both weaponary and personnel in manchuria, plus the Marshall-forced cease fire and the one-year firearm embargo.
1:58. there's misguidance on the map. during that time when the Communist International gave supports to KMT and CCP, KMT's headquarter is in Guangzhou while CCP's in Shanghai.
Your channel is really beautiful and your videos are very good in every respect.But I can't watch your videos😢. I would appreciate it if you could add Turkish subtitles to Turkish citizens for your videos ✌️✌️.
The irony is that in defeat Chiang Kai-Shek could finally transform his country (Taiwan) into his vision, in victory Mao Zedong was never able to do that with China.
Chiang is from Zhejiang province. Taiwan is not "his country". And what vision are you talking about? A fascist military dictatorship that killed a large part of the local population - especially intellectuals - in anti-democratic and anti-communist purges?
@@doktorarbeitslos What I meant was that China was always too big and his government too incompentent and too unwilling to do Chiang's exact bidding. When he moved to Taiwan he had a country just small enough to enact his full power upon. And yes indeed, that was fascist in nature. (Never said it was good). Mao on the other hand moved heaven and earth to create his version of socialism, but in the end that was impossible to implement because it ignored the laws of man and nature. And even more people got killed, btw.
@HMSBlackPrince When are you independent? When you take your own decisions, and there's no presence of the "ruler" in your territory. Moreover, if you sign foreign treaties with other powers with full rights. Well, since the beginning of XXth at least, there was no absolutely chinese presence in Tibet (well, yes, what so called "chinese mission"), no rules or decisions in Tibet were taken by any Chinese government, and treaties were signed by Tibet and British Empire. You can call it "Not independence" the same way you can call it "letuce". By the way "How do you invade your own country?" question could be changed to "How do you comite genocide and active discrimination" to your country?"
BAD GUY #1🦹♂: I am Communist | BAD GUY #2🦹♂: I am Nationalist. BAD GUY #2 gets defeated and retreats to Taiwan and after a while becomes Democracy. So today BAD GUY #2 is GOOD GUY#1😂😂🤣🤣
"Even though allied, the two armies never really worked together." It is not the case, becasue you can find many proofs that two parties worked well together. However, in the end of WW2, Kuomintang was afraid of communist military power. There were many nuances about the outbreak of China civil war: Kuomintang wanted to nationalize (but who is the nation?) all military power without giving enough seats to communist party but Mao thought it was conspiracy to overwhelm communist. And Kuomintang was so weak (decentralized) to control its subordinate military power (regional warloaders), so communist party asserted that military nationalization was not realisitic because Kuomintang's low capacity.
I am so glad you said, “a quote unquote communist country “. I have stated for decades that China has an authoritarian government with a capitalist economy.
“Communism is for us not a state of affairs which is to be established, an ideal to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from the premises now in existence.” -Karl Marx
@@heavenwatcher100 Refreshing to see such a balanced opinion as yours. Are you mainland Chinese? I was shocked recently to see the film The Eight Hundred 八佰 had its' release cancelled due to pressure from the CCP. Aren't they supposed to be making friends with the KMT in Taiwan? I think it's a massive insult to all Chinese on both sides of the strait to censor that film.
@@cbrtdgh4210 Yes. I am from mainland China though I will stay in the states until next month. I am not familiar with the movie issue but imo I would like to see more movies like this.
Don't underestimate the guerrilla warfare led by the CCP in the battlefield behind the enemy, because the most dangerous enemy is the one in the darkness where you can't see. The nationalist army did sacrifice and take heavy losses, however, because of the "master of micro-strategy" Commissioner Chiang (蒋介石, Jiang Jie Shi), the Japanese troops stormed China all the way from the North East to Guangdong province. Without the CCP, the history of East Asia would have been completely different.
Wait why during @2:01 KMT(display as Chinese Republic) start in the north it should start at Guangzhou and they have to do expedition didn't they? or i miss something.
The North is also the Republic of China. The Kuomintang used the Beiyang warlords to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, but then the Beiyang warlords actually controlled the National Government in Beijing, and many Beiyang warlords joined the Kuomintang. Chiang Kai-shek established the National Revolutionary Army in Guangzhou and joined the Communist Party in a northern expedition. Many Communist Parties have joined the Kuomintang, which means that the Southern Kuomintang is fighting the Northern Kuomintang. However, this paragraph is blurred in the history books to indicate that the Southern Kuomintang is orthodox.
Take a look at Georgiansim, it's an economic philosophy of a 19th Century American Henry George. The Chinese Republic under Sun Yat-Sen adopted it, and when it split into Communist and Chang Kai-Shek Republican factions they each kept the philosophy. This as much as Communist ideology is why the Chinese government owns all the land and property users have 99 year leases. A similar practice is in Taiwan. Hong Kong where the government there owns a lot or most of the land, I was told by a lawyer there didn't follow Georgianism, but wound up in the same place. Georgianism is based on the idea that farmers are always chasing rising land prices and so find it difficult or impossible to get ahead. Henry George pointed out that everyone contributes to the wealth that is in property but most are locked out of its long term benefit. (Did Jeff Bezos make Amazon rich or did all of us customers? Communists would just seize it. Or tax it into oblivion as the Soviets did to private ownership.)
I think this video is oversimplified in many important places to not objective And cited many pictures that do not match the text description in the video. For example, at 3:25, the collection of the D88 division of the National Revolutionary Army, and 8:00 is the shot of the Japanese bombing Shanghai railway station in the Songhu Battle, which has nothing to do with the text.
CCP army generally lacks equipment and supplies, and does not have the ability to face the Japanese regular army, it usually avoids direct contact with the Japanese army
This was a good video asides one point. Maos socialist patriotism has little or nothing to do with Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (SwCC). SwCC stems more from Deng Xiaoping, who was opposed by the Maoist side of the party during the cultural revolution. Maos ideology was what was known as Marxism Leninism Mao Tse Tung Thought. Although SwCC/Deng Xiaoping theory did take elements of Maoist theory (Deng lead communist areas in the civil war, still upheld Maos line of Soviet imperialism etc), Deng and thus SwCC represents the opposing side to Mao that he sought to crush in the cultural revolution, and is the ideological denunciation of Mao Tse Tung Thought. Asides this small mistake though it was a good video, can’t wait to hear more on China.
"Shek" pronounces as "She's". I don't know why someone from the Western made it ending with a "k" but rumor says it is supposed to tell the English speakers that this is not a long tone, which apparently is not working any more.
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Read the comments on the Map mistakes made by others please.
There's is no battles like with Kings & Generals, just narrative. Put some strategic battles in your videos.
Your research on Marxist-Leninism is pretty poor. There's nothing called "Communism with Chinese characteristics". Mao was a follower of Marxist-Leninism and was pro-Stalin whose ideas involved socialism in one country. Mao's own experience of using peasants to do revolution formed the basis known as Marxist-Leninist-Maoism which is the idea that the proletariat that is most revolutionary isn't the working class of the industrial nations as Marx predicted but rather the peasants of poorer countries. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has nothing to do with Mao, It was Deng Xiaoping's attempt to justify market reform as still be relevant to socialism but is rejected by alot of Marxist-Leninists as heresy.
Chinese President Yuan Shikai LOL
Yuan Shiki declared himself Emperor but died in the same year, which made the Warlord Era happen
Well, in regard to what you said about the reds having Japanese equipment,
Actually both sides were actively stockpiling Japanese equipment and POWs. Why? Because these were some of the best equipment in the region (bar the later increase of US and USSR supplies) and most technically educated personnel A good amount of Japanese POWs were kept by both the Nationalists and CCP after the war, and a lot of them were impressed into Nationalist and CCP regiments when the 2nd civil war broke out. Since the Japanese slaughtered a good about of the native Chinese Pows during WW2 most of these regiments- including remnant of the Kwantung Army were deployed in areas of heavy attritional fighting. They also served as some of the best doctors and technicians in the CCP and Nationalist army. A great number of them would die in the heavy grind.
Following the war, the victorious Chinese Communist government began repatriating Japanese prisoners home, though some were put on trial for war crimes and had to serve prison sentences of varying length before being allowed to return. The last Japanese prisoner returned from China in 1964.
After the war they were repatriated back to Japan but they were not welcomed and were seen lost souls or outright as traitors. A random but I think meaningful detail is that if you go to a lot of communist steles and memorials there are a lot of Japanese names carved on the steles. They were still categorized as veterans of the revolution. Quite a number of them came back to visit mainland during the 70s and 80s (ironically under the moniker of "comrades")
Lynch, Michael: The Chinese Civil War 1945-49
Straus, Ulrich (2003). The Anguish of Surrender: Japanese POWs of World War II.
Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Authoritatively supported views. Great!
Even got a source at the end! High quality comment
highly recommend Diana Lary's social history on the Civil War, also covers these issues
At that time, CCP judged people by their class not nationality and most of Japanese soldiers, POW, technicians from the families of peasants and workers.
Several Things to be clarified ( considered common sense in contemporary studies of this period of history)
1. Japanese Invasion stopped KMT from concentrating on eradicating CCP in 1937, thus, in a way, saved CCP from total extinction
2. USSR(Stalin) kept helping KMT, all the way thru, till 1945. Stalin is a cold gambler; he bet on KMT and CCP at the same time, in the goal to make China capable of stoping Japanese taking over Far East Part of Russia.
3. CCP hence has this harsh feeling against USSR from the beginning, ( apart from ideological reasons as mentioned in the video).
3. Stalin helped build up China’s industrialization, after seeing China’s though performance in Korean War. We can say that the spirit China demonstrated during 1951-1953 have shown Stalin that its a capable ally, worth investing in.
What's more, the Communist Party's army is more popular with the people than the KMT army, because they have good discipline and don't take things from the common people. KMT's army often robs the people, and high-level corruption is very serious. As time goes on, the people believe in the Communist Party more and join their army
There is a mistake in the map(1:46, 3:50): Taiwan had already ceded to Japan in 1895.
That is right...
and shaanxi（include xian） has never been occupied by japan
6:00 Ji'nan and Zibo only become communist territory until 1948, and Tianjin 1949.
Hiroshima is also named Khiroshima
Yeah, the maps in the video are horribly inaccurate lol
The decline of the Qing Empire was due to far more than “European intervention”
For example, during the Taiping rebellion, the bloodiest civil war in history, the Qing actually received a lifeline from European intervention.
Aside from internal conflicts and mismanagement, one cannot overlook the impact of the first Sino-Japanese war.
European supported Qing instead of heretic Taiping because Taiping wanted to abolish all unequal treaties which threatens their trade privileges in China. However, Qing was willing to abide these treaties thus receiving aid from European.
@@heavenwatcher100 Lets not be too sympathetic though, the Taipings were absolute lunatics
The Qing screwed themselves so hard that the Europeans and Japanese screwed them more
@@MGustave The Taipings might be religious zealots, but they are one of the most benevolent peasant rebellion of the entire Chinese history. Many previous peasant rebellions in China, especially the Ming dynasty ones, would massacre whole towns, robbing civilians and raping women almost on a daily basis. While the Taiping had made similar rules to the Communists army, they would execute a soldier even if it's a minor crime against civilians such as doesn't pay money when buying from civilians. The Taiping also allowed women to become government officials. Both the KMT and CCP spoke very highly of the Taiping as a predecessor revolutionaries.
Without European influence, there might not have been a Taiping rebellion. Taiping rebellion was a Christian cult which in turn resulted from European missionaries activities in China.
That book THE RAPE OF NANKING sure is a very depressing and sad historical account to read. In 2016 I visited Nanjing. The Massacre Museum is very impressive, yet it has its propagandic values. It is very interesting how in Chinese history museums the war against Japan is very broadly shown, yet the post WW II period becomes more and more propagandic as the years pass. The disastrous Great Leap Forward is described as just 'a challenging period for the Chinese people'. A big euphimism I'd say. Great video!
@ RIP Sun Li Jen and all the others that served in the new first army during that time.
Where did you find that euphemistic description?
what is the point then？
claiming it has "propagandic values" is pretty chauvinistic. no wonder westerners are despised over there. the shit you say is so disrespectful and bigoted.
It's because the rape of Nanking didn't happen under the CCP, otherwise they'd hide that too.
They show it because it was made by their enemies.
Their own atrocities were perpetrated by the party, so it cannot be shown. It is just sold as a period of struggles that have been overcome solely by the power of the CCP.
Map error: Taiwan was under the control of Japan in the early 20th century.
Correction: at the beginning of the civil war, CCP only had at most 1.3 million troops (the PLA) with less equipment. However, KMT has over 4.3 million troops armed by the US made equipment. PLA having over 3 million troops was actually in the end stage of the civil war.
Then everything changed when the Fire Nation attacked .
Lmao
didn't mention the long march
@
Propaganda? Nah fam, even bourgeois historians admit the authencity of the Long March.
@
Your comment reeks of ignorance that has got anything to do woth military tactics. The Long March took place during the Fifth Encirclement Campaign pursued by the Nationalists against the Communists in their revolutionary base area of Jiangxi. Knowing that a full, head-to-head battle with the Nationalists would be akin to defeat and annihilation of the Communist movement, the decision was taken to enact a general, tactical retreat from Jiangxi to Yenan, in the North. This killed two birds woth one stone: not only did the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army escape destruction at the hands of the Nationalists but they were able to show their commitment to fight againat the invading Japanese who had by then occupied Manchuria and renamed it Manchukuo and ran it as a puppet state with the last Chinese monarch, Puyi, as its ruler. A tactical retreat is not a sign of incompetence or weakness, child, it is a sign of knowing what do in adverse military situations. Read some Sun Tzu.
@
And lastly, if you search for examples of tactical military retreats in history, you would find plenty. The Long March is unique purely because of its scale and the number of difficulties it had to encounter in its path of successfully executing it.
@
Lol. This is a documentary on historical events and yet you claim that there is no need for a list of historians who comclusively contradict your claims? Anti-scholarly dimwits like you are no one to ask anybody to stop pointing out the truth. But yes, the history taught in the West is a joke so I don't blame you if you were taught shitty history lessons in school and college.
The Second United Front was created well after the completion of the Long March and the Communists had managed to establish and consolidate their revolutionary base area in Yenan. And it is completely untrue that the Communists did not commit troops for the the Second United Front. You are conveniently forgetting the Eighth Route Army (numbering at about 6,00,000) and the New Fourth Army (numbering at about 10,000 men in 1937) were units of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China that were raised by the Communist Party of China from among units of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The Eighth Route Army was commanded by Zhu De and Peng Duhai; while the New Fourth Army had a string of notable commanders like Ye Ting, Xiang Ying, Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi and Su Yu.
Aww. Rana Mitter, you say? At the beginning you said that there was not any need for any historians and yet you refer to a historian to make your narrative a tenable one. And for every word your white crusader has to say, I can quote ten more competent historians who contradict your anti-communist hogwash.
If you had any idea how much the Kwantung Army tried to invade and subdue the Communists entrenched within Yenan, you would not have said this.
In my language (Bengali) we have a word for people like you. It is বোকাচোদা, and although it literally translates to as "dumbfuck", it actually captures the characteristic of folks like you: proud bombasts who know nothing and yet they would still dare to fuck around like headless chickens.
@Matro
Aww. And yet your dear Chiang Kai-shek thought that it is more important to fight against the Communists rather than against the Japanese when they invaded and occupied Manchuria in 1931. History is not on your side, either narratively or in historical fact. So fuck off.
Nicely designed surprise of Julius Caesar at 8:30 - 8:36 .. extremely well done!
The 2nd united front was even more unstable than you described. There was many documented small battles fought between the Nationalists and the Communists WHILE Japan was still invading china.
I freaking love this channel!
Love the channel. Such an understudied area of history (Cold War). Most channels end at WWII.
Could you do a video about the Greek civil war?
man i hope so, a criminally neglected part of the early cold war
Definetely. Both crucial and heavy in content and backstory
Can you make a video about the Central American Crisis when major civil wars and communist revolutions erupted in various countries in Central America in the midst of the Cold War?
I couldn’t help but say, out loud, “when the Fire Nation attacked” when he got to “everything changed”
Seriously, with hair like Mao's it's a wonder how he got any followers at all. I mean, I've seen enough movies to know that the guy with the best hair wins.
He had better hair during that time I think
@@sctm81 lol... Now it all makes sense...
@@wayneorellana2549 Chiang Kaishek didn't have much better hair either ....
@@sctm81 loling....
@@sctm81 Chiang doesn't have hair at all.
Can't help noticing that a lot of the historical video clips used while the narrator is talking were actually from the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, showing Japanese planes dropping bombs on Chinese cities while the narrator is talking about Communist and Nationalist forces fighting. So that might lead the audience to think that the video clips were from the civil war conflicts. The one with the baby crying on the ground? That's the result of Japanese bombing on Chinese cities. Not from the civil war. It's a very iconic and famous scene from the 2nd Sino-Japanese War. Just thought I would point out for the benefit of the other viewers. Thanks.
One problem that becomes painfully clear when you have to use the term "Communist" in two contradictory ways in a single remark, is the lack of dillineation between socialist ideologies in common Cold-War related discourse.
Simple use of the term Marxism-Leninism for the Soviet Bloc (or later Marxism-Leninism-Maoism for countries like China and Albania specifically) would easily help to give them the same amount of ideological nuance as is given to typically capitalist nations with their broad liberalism but more specific electoral tendencies of conservativism, social liberalism, social democracy, etc.
Trying to instead define their ideologies through arbitrary economic distinctions between planned and market economies is nonsense, especially given the Western model of Mixed-Market economies (since pure market economies simply don't currently exist) and completely ignores tendencies like Yugoslavia's Market Socialism, which was both socialist and market based, with workplace democracy acting as the means of social control.
Love the show, I just think the oversimplification of ideological tendancies, although convienent in the short term, is in the long term detrimental to the development of any kind of deep understanding on the topic, especially one where ideology played such a fundamental role.
A.E.M. I agree with your point, but it should be noted that neither the PRC or Albania followed Marxism Leninism Maoism.
The ideology of China was Marxism Leninism Mao Tse Tung Thought, and whilst Albania also split from the Soviet Union and held it to be an imperialist power, Hoxha also split from the PRC, criticising Mao at length.
Marxism Leninism Maoism wasn’t an ideology up until the 1980s where the Communist Party of Peru (Shining Path) upheld it as a new stage of Marxism, and is a little more than just ML+Mao like ML Mao Tse Tung Thought is.
@@bomb-de-dyl Great reply, I'm generally aware of the ideological history of the PRC in theory and praxis as well as the Hoxha split which lead to Hoxhaism being adopted, thus the use of the rough term "later" when describing them and their ideologies.
Although, I must conceed the distinctions between Mao-Ze-Dong thought and Maoism is very vague to me as I only know a few MLMs and mainly associate with Libertarian Socialists and MLs, so I appreciate that, as this is really helpful for adding more nuance to my comment before for anyone who's interested.
Anyways, this just serves to greatly demonstrates just how important it is to get this information right in any discourse on the Cold War, as well as it's significance in geopolitical and historical terms. (Especially when thinking about examples like Yugoslavia or the aforementioned Albania)
A.E.M. Ah my bad, I think you just worded it weirdly then my bad.
A.E.M. The main difference between ML MZT and MLM is that ML MZT is basically just ML applied to China, although other groups abroad did call themselves that it was more just anti revisionist ML that sided with Peking not Moscow. Although of course Mao did add things like New Democracy, Cultural Revolution etc to MLism.
Whereas MLM is a universally applicable theory, which takes MZT as it’s kernel and fleshes it out into a more developed ideology.
For instance, if we take Marxism Leninism to be Marx + Lenin but formally theorised as MLism by Stalin, then MLM is Marx+Lenin+Mao but formally theorised by The Shining Path.
That’s dumbing it down a little but yeah.
Of course it is a personal choice, but I think using pinyin romanisation over wade giles is more appropriate when discussing the PRC period of history.
I know this video is years old at this point but "communism with Chinese characteristics" is a Dengist term and not at all associated with Mao
UA-cam recomended one video from this channel & I love it =D
As you are dealing right now with the early stages of the Cold War, it would be good to do a video on the Greek Resistance and Civil War along with the Communist Movement in the Armies of the Near East during the 2ndWW.
8:33 My favorite part of the video. Absolutely amazing
The reason why KMT lost the war was because they were corrupted and incompetent as hell. KMT army had better American equipment and number superiority at first, but they were very corrupted and incoordinated due to different factions in army. The economic situation was totally in ruins, the inflation rate after WW2 was so bad that even the middle class in big cities could't live a normal life under the rule of KMT, no mentioning those peasants and working class. In contrast with KMT, CCP started a land reform in rural area which improved the life of farmers, and stabilized the economy in cities they liberated so that industries and business could operate. CCP had won the heart of peopl, then won the war.
Power corrupts and it is now the CCP that is corrupt, although it lacks different factions with Xi centralizing power under himself.
@@wlee9888 Truly power tends to corrupt. This cancer of corrupt could be lethal if China slows down her fast development nowaday.
CCP, like all communist and Socialist governments do not, and can not handle reforms. Or lack of control, their lack of trust in mankind. Is so extreme and it's own form of corruption. Even with a governmental collapse it will take China generations(look at Russia currently). To be a first nation, as it should be.
The rape of China first by The Europeans, then the U.S., Then the Japanese. I feel, China is just starting to recover from.
A collapse of Chinese or U.S. economies chould and would start a bigger cycle of problems.....
War would do the same thing.
@@knutdergroe9757 Though Communism governments have many inherent problems, I shall say that the reform CCP started after Mao's death is pretty successfully handled, looking back from 4 decades later in 2019. Its slowdown surely would bring trouble even wars to the world. Let's hope this does not happen.
@SyncKo KMT invaded Manchuria with the help of America and captured many of its major cities in 1946 & 1947. Go read some history please.
Quick correction:
Socialism with Chinese characteristics came after the time of Mao when Deng and his successors began to deregulate the economy
Operation Ichi-Go is an operation conducted by the Japanese Army on the Chinese mainland from April 17th to December 10th, 1944 during the Sino-Japanese War.
It was the last major offensive of the Japanese Army, which caused the National Revolutionary Army to be hit hard and affected during the Chinese Civil War. However, on the other hand, the United States is also mediating the conclusion of the Double Tenth Agreement with Chiang Kai-shek in order to avoid a civil war.
According to a study by Barbara W. Tuchman, the results of this operation had a more significant impact on the subsequent war situation than the Japanese had imagined, and had a decisive impact on Japan's fate. According to it, Franklin Roosevelt has consistently strongly trusted and supported Chiang Kai-shek since the beginning of the war, and encouraged him in the war against Japan so that he would not drop out of the Allies in a single peace with Japan during the Cairo Conference. However, he said that he changed his mind because the front of Chiang Kai-shek collapsed due to this operation. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek has not been invited to important Allied conferences ("Yalta Conference" and "Potsdam Conference") since then.
According to the Stilwell document, Roosevelt said, "Can China win?" Stilwell said, "There is no choice but to eliminate Chiang Kai-shek." During the 1944 Hengyang battle, he could not sleep at night and twice. He says he thought about suicide. The American side also planned to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek, and three methods of "poisoning", "aircraft incident", and "pretending to be suicide" were considered, but it was canceled in 1944 due to changes in the international situation such as Burma. The successor that the United States envisioned is Sun Fountain.
As Roosevelt's Chief of Staff George Marshall and General Joseph Stilwell have long insisted, Chiang Kai-shek's army is actually a demoralized and corrupt organization that does not form an army. It became clear that he had no desire or ability to fight with the United States and other Allied forces.
As a result, President Roosevelt changed the scenario of the operation against Japan from the conventional bombing of Japan and other countries from the air bases of mainland China to the one that MacArthur and others claimed to occupy the islands of the Pacific Ocean one after another.
China was dismissed at the Yalta Conference, and the Allied nation's footsteps were disturbed, with angry Chiang Kai-shek presenting a peace plan to Japan against the will of the United States.
The Japanese Operation Ichi-Go attack left the National Revolutionary Army with 750,000 casualties. This caused the Kuomintang to lose to the Communist Party in the civil war. China would not have been dominated by the dictatorship Communist Party if it had made peace with Japan and cooperated in protecting it from communism.
Map mistake - Sun Yatsen was based in Guangzhou/Canton, not in the north - after Sun died, Chiang took the lead and launched Sun's planned Northern Expedition. It was during the midst of the Northern Expedition that Chiang decided that the Communists were a threat.
I always get hyped when the main intro sequence plays
As a Chinese person, it hurts that my ancestors had to endure such pains
a rare objective video on this subject,very good job!
Have you thought to do about the Greek Civil War one of the earliest Cold War conflicts since it began in 1943.
But the allied nations did not place their bets according to their interests on different waring factions in Greece at that time.
@@tomau0506 Well the british wanted their 90% influence in Greece based on the Percentages agreement, and I think the civil war would fall under the cold war becuase it didn't end until a few years after WW2 and both the soviet union and the uk helped the communist and democratic forces respectfully.
Loving the narration and footage on the same screen :-)
when are you going to cover the Greek Civil War?
I'm really starting to love this channel :p
Three Kingdoms period(220-280 AD):There won't be other Civil Wars just as exiting as three kingdoms in Chinese history.
Chinese Civil War(1927-?????AD): HOLD MY WINE
Also nice choice of music especially the 3K Total War soundtracks.
Technically KMT - CCP - QING was a three kingdoms war
I love y'all's work on both channels
Huh took me a minute to realise, but the music in this is also in the game Total War:Three kingdoms.
😂 OH YEAH
THE most objective video on chinese civil war.
Great video I have subscribed to your channel. However you made a mistake, the current government of Taiwan does not claim it is the government of China. They are the government of Taiwan. Keep up the good work. I use your videos with my students in Taiwan.
"US had no intension to accept the result of the election if it did not go its way". Did I hear it right?
Nice to know more about what happened in China around this time. My compliments to those who made this video a reality.
Thank you for this video! It’s very clear
Maybe you could do an episode on the history of the "Rubico-Yangtze" River?
Given how China was severely divided and rural lacking hard industry and heavy weaponry over the Japanese the Chinese managed to hold their own very well after the initial successes of the Japanese army
The chinese basically had 200 years of civil war at that time. Not to mention wars with colonials.
College students from China said: your statement of China's civil war is very correct. I also want to talk about my own views on the history of the motherland. China is facing countless difficult choices in the turmoil of the 20th century. The CPC can win the civil war under the condition of backward economy and population because their leadership is firm and knowledgeable enough. It is hard for you to imagine that many of the leadership of the party leading workers and farmers are the descendants of bureaucrats and rich peasants, including the old warlords who want to save the country and the group of students returning from western studies. This group is very advanced without people's stereotyped backwardness and ignorance. Chiang Kai Shek and his interest groups would only squeeze the people more seriously than the Japanese aggressors. He pushed the intellectual group, national capitalism and all the classes and groups that originally supported him to the opposite of him-- From translation software, there may be syntax errors.
4:10 there is so much wrong with this map it hurts to look at.
Good video overall tho.
Thank you. 🌹
Well..
Nice video. Respect from China.
Why do you have a Stalin portrait though
Chiang kai-shek dies a year before Mao Zedong does LOL, wow that's crazy that o think.
3:44
Then everything changed...
...
...
... When the Fire Nation attacked.
Excellent stuff.
Its worth noting that due to the isolation, most younger people in Taiwan no longer care about claiming ownership the entire land of both Chinas (The PRC and ROC), and identify as Taiwanese in an independent Republic of Taiwan. However, most people are also against claiming it officially due to potential WW3. On the other hand, big China, the PRC, still to this day threatens to use force to unify/annex Taiwan into the fold.
Actually, Chinese civil war never officially ceased as neither part disclaims exclusive legitimate representation of both the mainland and islands of China.
@@orbitalmoving8717 "officially," yet officially, according to most of the world, Taiwan is a province of China, yet that is meaningless claim that doesn't have basis in reality. It has a basis in political practice, but nothing in terms of the day-to-day lives
@@ilikedota5 it's only meaningless to simps. You're a simp.
@@orbitalmoving8717 The ROC does not claim representation of the mainland anymore since the democratization in the 90s.
nice video
Iris Chang is a true fighter for human right! We will never forget her!
After the end of WW2, both the Chinese Nationalists and the Communist used Japanese POW soldiers and utilized their equipment to fight each other during the Civil War. The Japanese officers help trained the Chinese Communist air force and their infantry units and played a role in helping them gain large swath of nationalist territory. It's a reason why Mao Zedong thanked the Japanese after the end of the civil war for helping unite China under communism
Not sure about the accuracy of your video around the 5:45 mark. The KMT was in a stronger position directly following the end of WWII; I believe the communists controlled roughly 1 million troops to the KMT’s 2 million. Over time the proto-PLA grew in terms of both manpower (as the KMT became unpopular due to corruption) and armament (as the USSR made certain that most Japanese troops in Manchuria surrendered their equipment to the CCP rather than the KMT). This is according to “The China Mission” by Daniel Kurtz-Phelan, which discusses the run up to the civil war from the perspective of General MacArthur’s failed mission to broker peace between the two sides of the conflict.
Can you please do a video on the Greek Civil War?
Mao was not from farmer family, but a middle class scholar. Mao was a librarian at Peking University before founding CCP. Early CCP members are all from middle class or even upper class families.
Time to watch Assembly again.
You should have mentioned the Soviet aide to communists with both weaponary and personnel in manchuria, plus the Marshall-forced cease fire and the one-year firearm embargo.
USA should have used the mobilized armies in the Pacific theater to help the Nationalists and avoid all the problems we are having today.
Yuan Shikai declared himself emperor.
1:58. there's misguidance on the map. during that time when the Communist International gave supports to KMT and CCP, KMT's headquarter is in Guangzhou while CCP's in Shanghai.
Your channel is really beautiful and your videos are very good in every respect.But I can't watch your videos😢. I would appreciate it if you could add Turkish subtitles to Turkish citizens for your videos ✌️✌️.
5:32 not necessarily true, the KMT forces had increased in both quantity and quality thanks to American lend and lease
Sun Yat-Sen and Chiang Kai-Shek were brothers-in-law.
@Purple Grape Uncle 1984 Eldest, youngest, and middle, respectively.
When will you guys make a video about Peoples socialist republic of albania
what is the background music used in your video?
The irony is that in defeat Chiang Kai-Shek could finally transform his country (Taiwan) into his vision, in victory Mao Zedong was never able to do that with China.
Chiang is from Zhejiang province. Taiwan is not "his country". And what vision are you talking about? A fascist military dictatorship that killed a large part of the local population - especially intellectuals - in anti-democratic and anti-communist purges?
@@doktorarbeitslos What I meant was that China was always too big and his government too incompentent and too unwilling to do Chiang's exact bidding. When he moved to Taiwan he had a country just small enough to enact his full power upon. And yes indeed, that was fascist in nature. (Never said it was good).
Mao on the other hand moved heaven and earth to create his version of socialism, but in the end that was impossible to implement because it ignored the laws of man and nature. And even more people got killed, btw.
日本入侵中国东北应为I931年9.18事变。不是1932年(那年是第一次淞沪会战)。
Dose the BGM come from ?
9:00 that map changed quickly! Maybe you could've/should've mentioned that the communists also invaded Tibet!
That's for later episodes
@HMSBlackPrince When are you independent? When you take your own decisions, and there's no presence of the "ruler" in your territory. Moreover, if you sign foreign treaties with other powers with full rights. Well, since the beginning of XXth at least, there was no absolutely chinese presence in Tibet (well, yes, what so called "chinese mission"), no rules or decisions in Tibet were taken by any Chinese government, and treaties were signed by Tibet and British Empire. You can call it "Not independence" the same way you can call it "letuce". By the way "How do you invade your own country?" question could be changed to "How do you comite genocide and active discrimination" to your country?"
Tibet merged into China territory in 1721
BAD GUY #1🦹♂: I am Communist | BAD GUY #2🦹♂: I am Nationalist. BAD GUY #2 gets defeated and retreats to Taiwan and after a while becomes Democracy. So today BAD GUY #2 is GOOD GUY#1😂😂🤣🤣
"I Play The China Card"
-Twilight Struggle.
"Even though allied, the two armies never really worked together." It is not the case, becasue you can find many proofs that two parties worked well together. However, in the end of WW2, Kuomintang was afraid of communist military power.
There were many nuances about the outbreak of China civil war: Kuomintang wanted to nationalize (but who is the nation?) all military power without giving enough seats to communist party but Mao thought it was conspiracy to overwhelm communist. And Kuomintang was so weak (decentralized) to control its subordinate military power (regional warloaders), so communist party asserted that military nationalization was not realisitic because Kuomintang's low capacity.
I am so glad you said, “a quote unquote communist country “. I have stated for decades that China has an authoritarian government with a capitalist economy.
Yup
Yup
“Communism is for us not a state of affairs which is to be established, an ideal to which reality [will] have to adjust itself. We call communism the real movement which abolishes the present state of things. The conditions of this movement result from the premises now in existence.”
-Karl Marx
那外国为什么反华
MAKE A VIDEO ABOUT GREEK CIVIL WAR PLEASE
"Brutal counter-attacks from the communists"
>shows footage of Japanese blowing up a train station
今天是2023.12.13，是南京大屠杀公祭日，不管立场如何，都非常感谢视频内容包含南京大屠杀的介绍
wait... im playing 3 kingdoms?!
More like 10+ kingdoms later reduced to two kingdoms
Saw the Map, Disappoited how little they know about the Warlord Era =_=
it's basically So many States you know
I really hope both KMT an CCP sat down and managed to achieve a united government in 1946, so much conflict could have been avoided.
Not going to happen. Both Chiang and Mao are egocentric dictators. Either could stand the idea of a muti-party Democratic system.
@@leileijoker8465 So accurate portrait on them but still a sad fact
@@heavenwatcher100 Refreshing to see such a balanced opinion as yours. Are you mainland Chinese?
I was shocked recently to see the film The Eight Hundred 八佰 had its' release cancelled due to pressure from the CCP. Aren't they supposed to be making friends with the KMT in Taiwan? I think it's a massive insult to all Chinese on both sides of the strait to censor that film.
@@cbrtdgh4210 Yes. I am from mainland China though I will stay in the states until next month. I am not familiar with the movie issue but imo I would like to see more movies like this.
@@cbrtdgh4210 Neverthelss, it is a common memory that Chinese from both the Mainland and Taiwan should cherish.
do a video on the Jiangxi Soviet encirclement campaigns
Don't underestimate the guerrilla warfare led by the CCP in the battlefield behind the enemy, because the most dangerous enemy is the one in the darkness where you can't see. The nationalist army did sacrifice and take heavy losses, however, because of the "master of micro-strategy" Commissioner Chiang (蒋介石, Jiang Jie Shi), the Japanese troops stormed China all the way from the North East to Guangdong province. Without the CCP, the history of East Asia would have been completely different.
the map is incorrect, taiwan was still japan's territory(or colony). taiwan was returned to china after WW2
Wait why during @2:01 KMT(display as Chinese Republic) start in the north it should start at Guangzhou and they have to do expedition didn't they? or i miss something.
The North is also the Republic of China. The Kuomintang used the Beiyang warlords to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, but then the Beiyang warlords actually controlled the National Government in Beijing, and many Beiyang warlords joined the Kuomintang. Chiang Kai-shek established the National Revolutionary Army in Guangzhou and joined the Communist Party in a northern expedition. Many Communist Parties have joined the Kuomintang, which means that the Southern Kuomintang is fighting the Northern Kuomintang. However, this paragraph is blurred in the history books to indicate that the Southern Kuomintang is orthodox.
Aksai-Chin was occupied by Chinese in 1962 before that the boundary was undeclared.
Take a look at Georgiansim, it's an economic philosophy of a 19th Century American Henry George. The Chinese Republic under Sun Yat-Sen adopted it, and when it split into Communist and Chang Kai-Shek Republican factions they each kept the philosophy. This as much as Communist ideology is why the Chinese government owns all the land and property users have 99 year leases. A similar practice is in Taiwan. Hong Kong where the government there owns a lot or most of the land, I was told by a lawyer there didn't follow Georgianism, but wound up in the same place. Georgianism is based on the idea that farmers are always chasing rising land prices and so find it difficult or impossible to get ahead. Henry George pointed out that everyone contributes to the wealth that is in property but most are locked out of its long term benefit.
(Did Jeff Bezos make Amazon rich or did all of us customers? Communists would just seize it. Or tax it into oblivion as the Soviets did to private ownership.)
I think this video is oversimplified in many important places to not objective
And cited many pictures that do not match the text description in the video. For example, at 3:25, the collection of the D88 division of the National Revolutionary Army, and 8:00 is the shot of the Japanese bombing Shanghai railway station in the Songhu Battle, which has nothing to do with the text.
“and 8:00 is the shot of the Japanese bombing -Shanghai- Nanjing railway station in -the Songhu Battle- Nanjing Defense War.”
There is a mistake..Taiwan was occupied by Japan in 1895
thanks for pointing out that the communists did little direct engagement with Japan.
CCP army generally lacks equipment and supplies, and does not have the ability to face the Japanese regular army, it usually avoids direct contact with the Japanese army
But why did the US let that happen?
Well, simple, KMT was too weak.
HMSBlackPrince I mean they had nukes
Do videos about russian republics such as Chechnya and Dagestan
Chiang's forces massively dwindled due to their taking on the lion's share of the fighting (and dying) against the Japanese
Fascists vs fascists is a win-win in my book.
This was a good video asides one point.
Maos socialist patriotism has little or nothing to do with Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (SwCC). SwCC stems more from Deng Xiaoping, who was opposed by the Maoist side of the party during the cultural revolution. Maos ideology was what was known as Marxism Leninism Mao Tse Tung Thought.
Although SwCC/Deng Xiaoping theory did take elements of Maoist theory (Deng lead communist areas in the civil war, still upheld Maos line of Soviet imperialism etc), Deng and thus SwCC represents the opposing side to Mao that he sought to crush in the cultural revolution, and is the ideological denunciation of Mao Tse Tung Thought.
Asides this small mistake though it was a good video, can’t wait to hear more on China.
Could you do a video on the Rosenberg's?
did nothing wrong
"Shek" pronounces as "She's". I don't know why someone from the Western made it ending with a "k" but rumor says it is supposed to tell the English speakers that this is not a long tone, which apparently is not working any more.